Aircraft and Technology Drivers for 21st Century Air ......4001041404 Feet Meters 0 5000 0 1500 Quiet for Airport CommunitiesQuiet for Airport Communities Source MS Mappoint, (c) Microsoft,

Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.

Hochschule für Angewandte WissenschaftenHamburgHochschule für Angewandte WissenschaftenHamburg

Eric SchwartzDirectorBoeing InternationalBerlin, Germany

Eric SchwartzDirectorBoeing InternationalBerlin, Germany

Aircraft and Technology Drivers for 21st

Century Air Transportation Systems1 November 2006

Aircraft and Technology Drivers for 21st

Century Air Transportation Systems1 November 2006


Otto Lilienthal (ca. 1894)


Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner

• 21st Century Geopolitical/Environment Drivers

• 21st Century Owners

• 21st Century Operators

• 21st Century Customers

Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.

• Commercial Aircraft• Aviation Services• Defense Systems• Network Systems• Satellites and Launch

Vehicles• Financial Services• Technology


Major Business UnitsMajor Business Units

IntegratedDefenseSystems

CommercialAirplanes Boeing

TechnologyOrganization

Shared Services GroupBoeing Capital Corporation


Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner





The Boeing 787 DreamlinerThe Boeing 787 Dreamliner

787 OverviewMarket Drivers Technology SummaryProgram Status

The 787 Is a Complete, Flexible, Efficient FamilyThe 787 Is a Complete, Flexible, Efficient Family

787-8210-250 passengers (three-class)8,000 – 8,500 nmi | 14,800 – 15,700 km

787-9250-290 passengers (three-class)8,600 – 8,800 nmi | 15,700 - 16,300 km

787-3290-330 passengers (two-class)3,000 – 3,500 nmi | 5,500 – 6,500 km

Configured for Success787-8 Design FeaturesConfigured for Success787-8 Design Features

Composite primary

structure

Advanced engines and

nacelles

Breakthrough passenger cabin Enhanced

flight deckAdvanced wing design

Innovative systems

technologies

Large cargo capacity

Overhead crew rests



Efficiency for Medium- and Long-Haul MarketsEfficiency for Medium- and Long-Haul Markets

767-200ER

767-300ER

767-400ER

777-300

777-200 777-200ER

777-200LR (3 aux fuel tanks)

777-300ER

757-300

757-200

Tri-ClassLong Range Rules

Dual-ClassShort Medium Range Rules

737-900W737-800W

737-700W

737-600

747-400 747-400ER

Sam

e Sp

eed

and

Ran

ge -

747,

777,

787

767-300

Twin Aisle

Single Aisle

In ServiceLaunchedStudy

787-3

787-8

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1500 2500 3500 4500 5500 6500 7500 8500 9500

Range (nmi)

Seat

s

787-9

Addressing the Market’s Needs(2006-2025)Addressing the Market’s Needs(2006-2025)

61%

13%

3%

23%

27,200airplanes

2.6 trilliondelivery dollars*

*In year 2005 dollars

Regional jetsSingle-aisleTwin-aisle747 and larger

45%41%

4%10%

Fragmentation Is HappeningFragmentation Is Happening

2005 International Scheduled Flights

Proposed Flights

NewarkNewark

OsakaOsaka

Hong KongHong Kong

ChicagoChicago

HoustonHoustonAtlantaAtlanta

VancouverVancouver

Los AngelesLos Angeles DallasDallas

San FranciscoSan FranciscoTokyoTokyo

SeoulSeoul

TaipeiTaipeiGuangzhouGuangzhou

BeijingBeijing

SeattleSeattle

San JoseSan JoseNew YorkNew York

Washington Washington D.C.D.C.

Creating New Non-Stop RoutesCreating New Non-Stop Routes

The 787 can connect more than 450 new airport pairs

Possible New Airport PairsVancouver - Sao Paulo

Seattle - ShanghaiSan Francisco - Manchester

Boston - AthensTel Aviv - Montreal

Munich - NairobiGeneva - Singapore

Dubai - TaipeiMadrid - Manila

Auckland - Beijing

The 787 can efficiently connect more than 450 new city pairsThe 787 can efficiently connect more than 450 new city pairs

Compatible with Today’s InfrastructureCompatible with Today’s Infrastructure

787-8767-300

787-9A340-300

Advanced Technology Contributions to 787 EfficienciesAdvanced Technology Contributions to 787 Efficiencies

Systems

Materials

Aerodynamics

Engines

Composite Solutions Applied Throughout the 787Composite Solutions Applied Throughout the 787

Carbon laminateCarbon sandwichFiberglassAluminumAluminum/steel/titanium pylons

Composites50%

Aluminum20%

Titanium15%

Steel10%

Other5%

Propulsion Systems FeatureKey TechnologiesPropulsion Systems FeatureKey Technologies

Higher bypass ratioNo-engine-bleed systems architectureLow-noise nacelles with chevronsLaminar flow nacellesInterchangeable (at the wing)

Advanced Systems Technologies Provide ValueAdvanced Systems Technologies Provide Value

Common Core Open Systems Architecture

Advanced Flight Controls

More Electric Systems Architecture

Wireless IFEIntegrated

Health Management

e-EnabledSystems


Lower Cabin Altitude

15” (38cm) Wider 15” (38cm) Wider

Wider Seats and Aisles

Wider Seats and Aisles

Better Economy Seating OptionsBetter Economy Seating Options

More Head Room

More Head Room

Smoother Ride

HigherHumidity

Better Air QualityBetter Air Quality

787 is 15” (38 cm) wider

226.5 in (5.75 m)A300/A310A330/A340

LD-3 LD-3

Improving the Flying ExperienceImproving the Flying Experience

Better Air Quality


Bigger WindowsBigger Windows

4001041404

Feet

Meters

0 5000

0 1500

Quiet for Airport CommunitiesQuiet for Airport Communities

Source MS Mappoint, (c) Microsoft, Inc.

A330-300 787- 8767-300

• 85 dBA contours• 3,000 nmi mission

60% less area affectedthan the A330 and A340

London Heathrow

787 noise footprint stays in the airport

propertyA340-300 A330-200

• Quieter for communities, crews, and passengers

• Less fuel used• Lower emissions• Fewer hazardous materials• Less waste in production

Structures Progress

LCF Progress

Large Cargo Freighter First Flight

20052002

787-8FirstFlight

787-8 Enters Service

AirplaneAnnouncement

Firm Configuration

Program Launch

Authorityto Offer

2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

787-3Enters

Service

787-9EntersService

Start of Major

Assembly

Progressing on ScheduleProgressing on Schedule

Worldwide Market Interest Strong36 customers, 455 announced orders and commitments. 432 Firm orders. (October 11, 2006)

* Leasing Operator

*

*

*

*


Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner






Dwindling natural resources and environmental concerns

• Cleaner alternative fuels• Reduced emissions

Hydrogen Fuel Airplane

Urban congestion and population growth

• drive transportation integration and new modes of travel

Geopolitical and Environmental DriversGeopolitical and Environmental DriversGlobalization and leisure travel growth require safety and efficiency

• Breakthroughs in speed, range, and comfort

• New passenger convenience• Safe and affordable


Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner


• 21st Century Owners– New Missions and Configurations– Enabling Technologies





Future Missions in the Next 20+ YearsFuture Missions in the Next 20+ Years• Super/hypersonic airplanes flying on

the edge of space to meet the needs of intercontinental business travelers

• Personal air vehicles capable of landing on the owner’s driveway could emerge over the next 100 years

• Ultra-quiet VTOL air taxis will move people from local parking lots to urban multi-modal transportation centers

• Autonomous systems will enable new defense missions and commercial services such as satellite repair


Super-Efficient Platform TechnologiesSuper-Efficient Platform Technologies

Nanotech materials

Fire retardant foamw/Nano-composites

Integrally stiffened composite panels

Smart coatings

Multifunctional structures with embedded systems

Technologies being developed today for the aircraft of tomorrow

New metallic alloys

Joining processes thateliminate fasteners


Clean Platform EnabledFuture Operational Environment

Clean/Safe Multi-modal Transportation Systems

• More Electric Technologies support no-bleed engines power; ultra-capacitors, Li-Ion Batteries

• Photonics - Control/Power By Light• Component Cooling by electron tunneling devices• Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)


Technologies Required to Realize the Morphing Aircraft of the FutureTechnologies Required to Realize the Morphing Aircraft of the Future

Imbedded Actuationand Thermal Control

New metallic alloysand flexible skins Small, Low Cost

Actuators

Advanced Structures

Nastic Structures

Real-timeFlight

Control SystemsActive Aeroelastic Wing Research


Mission Adaptive, Multi-shipFlight ControlMission Adaptive, Multi-shipFlight Control

Piloted and autonomous air vehicles operate together in common controlled airspace

Intelligent and “learning” flight control systems will ensure safe and reliable aircraft

• Heterogeneous vehicle operations• Autonomous deconfliction• Managed formations of multiple aircraft – vortex

drag reduction, air refueling, etc.• Autonomous comm/surveillance platforms in near-

term. Autonomous cargo in 10-20 years

• Provide optimal use of all flight controls and effectors• Optimize performance and trajectory, for normal or

abnormal conditions• Key enabler for autonomous flight in national

airspace systems


Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner




• Super-Efficient Flight Crews

• Integrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health Management



Super-Efficient Flight CrewsSuper-Efficient Flight CrewsKey Operational Challenges

Advanced vision & visualization devices• Synthetic/enhanced vision• Holographic/immersive interfaces• Seamless real-time collaboration

• Demand for increased capacity & efficiency• Need for improved system safety and security• Need to minimize operations & support costs• Integration of manned & unmanned vehicles

Enabling Technologies

Advanced automation and decision support• Intelligent/adaptive flight controls• Dynamic human-machine task allocation• Predictive models of human performance

Multi modality interfaces• Robust head and eye tracking devices• Touch sensitive/responsive interfaces• Spatial auditory cueing/discrimination• Speech synthesis/recognition


Integrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health ManagementIntegrated Vehicle, Fleet and System Health Management

• Prediction• Alerting• Trending• Advising

Forecasting Techniques

275.0

278.0

281.0

284.0

287.0

290.0

293.0

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10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145

Tests

Pres

sure

( psi)

PALU

Average

OMRSD 281

LCL

UCL

Trend Line

TL UCLt

TL LCLt

UCL

LCL

Avg.

Trend Line Trend Line UCL

Trend Line LCL

Failure Threshold


275.0

278.0

281.0

284.0

287.0

290.0

293.0

0 5

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145

Tests

Pres

sure

( psi)

PALU

Average

OMRSD 281

LCL

UCL

Trend Line

TL UCLt

TL LCLt

UCL

LCL

Avg.


Trend Line LCL

Failure Threshold

Bayesian Networks

Process Control

Data/Event Capture

• Prediction• Alerting• Trending• Advising


275.0

278.0

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284.0

287.0

290.0

293.0

0 5

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145

Tests

Pres

sure

( psi)

PALU

Average

OMRSD 281

LCL

UCL

Trend Line

TL UCLt

TL LCLt

UCL

LCL

Avg.


Trend Line LCL

Failure Threshold


275.0

278.0

281.0

284.0

287.0

290.0

293.0

0 5

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145

Tests

Pres

sure

( psi)

PALU

Average

OMRSD 281

LCL

UCL

Trend Line

TL UCLt

TL LCLt

UCL

LCL

Avg.


Trend Line LCL

Failure Threshold

Bayesian Networks

Process Control

Data/Event Capture

Φ(ω)

Note the phase is similar to that of a pair of shorted wires

500000 1́ 106 1.5́106 2́ 106 2.5́106

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

ω

9mm abrasion is moisten (one wire is undamaged)

9mm abrasion is dry (one wire is undamaged)

Φ(ω)

Note the phase is similar to that of a pair of shorted wires

500000 1́ 106 1.5́106 2́ 106 2.5́106

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

ω

9mm abrasion is moisten (one wire is undamaged)

9mm abrasion is dry (one wire is undamaged)

Diagnostics Using WiringBroadband Impedance Methods

Engine Unbalance NeuralNetwork Algorithms

‘P’ Flange Accelerometer Strut Accelerometer

‘B’ Flange Accelerometer

FAN LPT(low pressure turbine)Missing Sensor Reconstruction

Advantages: (1) Uses all of the encoder outputs in the search process. The result is higher accuracy. (2) True projection not needed.

Failed Sensor

Readings

Known

Sensor

Values

Com

pute Error Betw

een Input & O

utput

Update using a search algorithm such as particle

swarm optimization or Newton-Raphson.

Advantages: (1) Uses all of the encoder outputs in the search process. The result is higher accuracy. (2) True projection not needed.

Failed Sensor

Readings

Known

Sensor

Values

Com

pute Error Betw

een Input & O

utput

Update using a search algorithm such as particle

swarm optimization or Newton-Raphson.

Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation Algorithms University of HawaiiUniversity of Hawaii

PrognostiCostIVHM Cost Modeling

Cladding

Core

Cladding

Jacket

JacketAffinity Coating

Fundamentalguided mode Cladding mode

Long -periodgrating

LCladding

Core

Cladding

Jacket

JacketAffinity Coating

Fundamentalguided mode Cladding mode

Long -periodgrating

Long -periodgrating

L

Corrosion Monitoring with Autonomous Structural IntegrityMonitoring System (ASIMS)

On and off board predictive health management

Integrated system architecture

Ubiquitous sensing

Self-awareness

Network centric system health and maintenance

services


Agenda

• Boeing Today

• 787 Dreamliner






Passenger Flow ServicesPassenger Flow Services

Role-based access control

Mobile collaboration

Integrated travel data(land, sea, air)

Profile-based, location-enabledinformation push

Virtual private network




Creating the Future of AerospaceCreating the Future of Aerospace

Questions?Questions?

Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2006 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2005 The Boeing Company. All rights reserved.

Documents

Aircraft and Technology Drivers for 21st Century Air ......4001041404 Feet Meters 0 5000 0 1500 Quiet for Airport CommunitiesQuiet for Airport Communities Source MS Mappoint, (c) Microsoft,