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1 Appendix 4 References References of Legal Literature Austria Ernst Eugen Fabrizy, ”Strafgesetzbuch”, Manz 2010 Ernst Eugen Fabrizy, ”Strafprozessordnung”, Manz 2011 Frank Höpfel and Eckart Ratz, ”Strafgesetzbuch”, online commentary, Manz Astrid Ablasser-Neuhuber and Florian Neumayer, “Schutz von Betriebs- uns Geschäftsgeheimnissen in Kartellsachen (Teil I), Ecolex, p. 103, 2011 Astrid Ablasser-Neuhuber and Florian Neumayer, “Schutz von Betriebs- uns Geschäftsgeheimnissen in Kartellsachen” (Teil II), Ecolex, p. 222, 2011 Otto Leukauf and Herbert Steininger, “Kommentar zum Strafgesetzbuch”, 3 rd Edition, para 4 to Section 122 Peter Lewisch, “Wiener Kommentar zum Strafgesetzbuch”, 2 nd Edition, para 9 to Section 122, Wien Elfriede Solé, “Das Verfahren vor dem Kartellgericht”, p. 152, 2006 Clemens Thiele, “Widerspruchslose Bonitätsdatenbanken – Die Datenschutzjudikatur des OGH im Jahr 2010” in Jahrbuch Datenschutzrecht, p. 21, 2011 Clemens Thiele in Otto Triffterer (ed.), “Salzburger Kommentar zum Strafgesetzbuch”, 2008, para 40 to Section 122 Clemens Thiele in Andreas Wiebe and Georg E, Kodek (eds.), “Kommentar zum UWG”, Manz, 2009, para 34 to Section 11 Axel Reidlinger and Isabella Hartung, “Das österreichische Kartellrecht”, p. 257, 2008 Raoul Hoffer, “Kartellgesetz – Kommentar”, p. 273, Wien 2007 Johannes Peter Gruber, “Österreichisches Kartellrecht”, p. 396, Wien 2008 Elfired Solé in Petsche, Urlesberger and Vartian, “Kartellgesetz”, p. 491, 2007 Stephan Polster and Michael Zellhofer, “Aktenzugang im Kartellverfahren im pannungsfeld zwischen Geheimnisschutz und Private Enforcement”, OZK, p. 99, 2008 Alfred Mair and Elfriede Solé, “Kartellverfahren – (halb) neu!”, Ecolex, p. 930, 2004 Andreas Wiebe and Georg E. Kodek (eds.), “Kommentar zum UWG – Gesetz gegen den unlauteren Wettbewerb”, Manz, 2009 Lothar Wiltschek, “UWG Gesetz gegen den unlauteren Wettbewerb”, Manz 2007 Maximilian Gumpoldsberger and Peter Baumann (eds.), “UWG – Bundesgesetz gegen den unlauteren Wettbewerb”, Verlag Österreich 2006

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Page 1: Appendix 4 References References of Legal Literature Austria Ernst

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Appendix 4

References

References of Legal Literature

Austria

Ernst Eugen Fabrizy, ”Strafgesetzbuch”, Manz 2010 Ernst Eugen Fabrizy, ”Strafprozessordnung”, Manz 2011 Frank Höpfel and Eckart Ratz, ”Strafgesetzbuch”, online commentary, Manz Astrid Ablasser-Neuhuber and Florian Neumayer, “Schutz von Betriebs- uns Geschäftsgeheimnissen in Kartellsachen (Teil I), Ecolex, p. 103, 2011 Astrid Ablasser-Neuhuber and Florian Neumayer, “Schutz von Betriebs- uns Geschäftsgeheimnissen in Kartellsachen” (Teil II), Ecolex, p. 222, 2011 Otto Leukauf and Herbert Steininger, “Kommentar zum Strafgesetzbuch”, 3rd Edition, para 4 to Section 122 Peter Lewisch, “Wiener Kommentar zum Strafgesetzbuch”, 2nd Edition, para 9 to Section 122, Wien Elfriede Solé, “Das Verfahren vor dem Kartellgericht”, p. 152, 2006 Clemens Thiele, “Widerspruchslose Bonitätsdatenbanken – Die Datenschutzjudikatur des OGH im Jahr 2010” in Jahrbuch Datenschutzrecht, p. 21, 2011 Clemens Thiele in Otto Triffterer (ed.), “Salzburger Kommentar zum Strafgesetzbuch”, 2008, para 40 to Section 122 Clemens Thiele in Andreas Wiebe and Georg E, Kodek (eds.), “Kommentar zum UWG”, Manz, 2009, para 34 to Section 11 Axel Reidlinger and Isabella Hartung, “Das österreichische Kartellrecht”, p. 257, 2008 Raoul Hoffer, “Kartellgesetz – Kommentar”, p. 273, Wien 2007 Johannes Peter Gruber, “Österreichisches Kartellrecht”, p. 396, Wien 2008 Elfired Solé in Petsche, Urlesberger and Vartian, “Kartellgesetz”, p. 491, 2007 Stephan Polster and Michael Zellhofer, “Aktenzugang im Kartellverfahren im pannungsfeld zwischen Geheimnisschutz und Private Enforcement”, OZK, p. 99, 2008 Alfred Mair and Elfriede Solé, “Kartellverfahren – (halb) neu!”, Ecolex, p. 930, 2004 Andreas Wiebe and Georg E. Kodek (eds.), “Kommentar zum UWG – Gesetz gegen den unlauteren Wettbewerb”, Manz, 2009 Lothar Wiltschek, “UWG – Gesetz gegen den unlauteren Wettbewerb”, Manz 2007 Maximilian Gumpoldsberger and Peter Baumann (eds.), “UWG – Bundesgesetz gegen den unlauteren Wettbewerb”, Verlag Österreich 2006

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Thomas Mildner, “Arbeitsrechtliche Geheimhaltungspflicht im Lauterkeitsrecht”, ÖBl, No. 66, 2011 Christian Eisner and Florian Schiffkorn, “Geheimhaltung von Beweisen zur Wahrung von Geschäftsgeheimnissen”, ZVB, No. 43, 2010 Elisabeth Schöberl, “Beweis des Gegenteils und Schutz der Geschäfts- und Betriebsgeheimnisse”, ÖJZ, No. 17, 2005 Michael Schramböck, “Der Schutz von Betriebs- und Geschäftsgeheimnissen nach Beendigung des Arbeitsverhältnisses in Österreich und den USA im Rechtsvergleich”, ÖBl, No. 3, 2000 Case law Judgment of the German Federal Court of Justice, BGH I ZR 72/59 – Wurftaubenpresse, GRUR 1961, 40 Judgment of the Austrian Supreme Court OGH 17 Ob 21/09a – Manpower VIII, ÖBl 2010, 275 Judgment of the Austrian Supreme Court OGH 4 Ob 309/98i – Erinasolum, ÖBl 1999, 299 Judgment of the Austrian Supreme Court OGH 4 Ob 94/86 – Tenniskartei, ÖBl 1988, 12 Judgment of the Austrian Supreme Court OGH 8 ObA 311/01w – Kopieren der Kundendatei, ÖBl 2003, 127 Judgment of the Austrian Supreme Court OGH 9 Os 7/70 – Farbbedrucken von Spielzeugwaggons, ÖBl 1971, 26 Belgium

Gabriël Luc Ballon, “Know-how en zijn bescherming”, in “Liber Amicorum R. Blanpain”, Die Keure, Brugge 1998 L. Cornil, M. Wyckaert, C. Grenson, H. De Bauw, D. Dewandeleer. “Het zakengeheim: een voorstelling in vier bedrijven”, Cahier du juriste, No. 1, 2011 Jeff Keustermans and Freddy Mols, “De wet van 28 november 2000 inzake informaticacriminaliteit : een eerste overzicht”, Rechtskundig Weekblad, No. 2, 2001 Chris Van Den Wyngaert, “Strafrecht, strafprocesrecht & internationaal strafrecht in hoofdlijnen”, Maklu, Antwerpen 2006 Belgian report for the AIPPI, Question Q215, drafted by D. Kaesmacher, P. Maeyaert, A. Mottet, G. Philipsen, L. Ryckeboer and K.Neefs on April 2, 2010; available at https://www.aippi.org/download/commitees/215/GR215belgium.pdf Mireille Buydens, “Droit des brevets d'invention et protection du savoir-faire”, Larcier, p. 421, Brussel 1999 Vincent Cassiers, “La protection du savoir-faire de l’entreprise”, in Emmanuel Cornu and Jean-François Neven (eds.), Le patrimoine intellectuel de l'entreprise. Protection des actifs incorporels de l'employeur et droits et obligations des travailleurs, Larcier, pp. 53-120, Brussel 2010

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Fernand De Visscher, ”Brevets et savoir-faire”, in Dominique Kaesmacher (ed.), “Les droits intellectuels”, p. 632, Larcier, Brussel 2007 Fernand De Visscher, ”La protection des inventions et du savoir-faire” in M. Coipel, P. Wéry, I. Durant, A. Cruquenaire, “Guide juridique de l'entreprise - Traité théorique et pratique”, 2nd Edition, Titre X, Livre 98.1, 1-76 Bernard Remiche and Vincent Cassiers, ”Droit des brevets d'invention et du savoir-faire. Créer, protéger et partager les inventions au XXIe siècle”, p. 744, Larcier, Brussel 2010 Guy Schrans, “The protection of know-how under Belgian law”, in Herman Cohen Jehoram (ed.), The protection of know-how in 13 countries, pp. 1-11, Deventer, Kluwer, 1972 Reinhold van Lennep, “De geheimhouding”, p. 271, Antwerpen, Standaard, 1950 A. Van Mensel, “De bescherming van fabrieksgeheimen of technische know-how naar Belgisch recht”, pp. 2002-2022, RW 1982-83 Dirk Vandermeersch, “De Mededingingswet”, Kluwer, Mechelen, 2007 Peter L'Ecluse and Koen T'Syen, “De bescherming van zakengeheimen in het Belgisch en Europees mededingingsrecht: wat geheim is blijft geheim… of toch niet?”, Cahier du juriste, 2011, No. 1, pp. 20-30. Philippe Marchandise, “Het Akzo Nobel Chemicals LTD arrest van 14 september 2010: Wat moeten we echt onthouden?”, Cahier du juriste, 2011, No. 1, pp. 34-36 Ilse Van Puyvelde, “Intellectuele rechten van werknemers”, p. 172, Antwerpen, Intersentia, 2012 Tijdschrift voor Belgische Mededinging / Revue de la Concurrence Belge, Maklu, Antwerpen Judgment of the Belgian Supreme Court of January 22, 2008 in Case Handelspraktijken & Mededinging) Case law Decision of the Competition Council of April 23, 2001 in Case VT4 v. VTM Judgment of the Court of Cassation of September 27, 1943 Judgment of the Court of Cassation of June 26, 1975 Judgment of the Antwerp Court of Appeal of March 31, 2009 Judgments of the Brussels Court of Appeal of May 6, 2010 in Cases Nr. 2003/MR/3, 2009/MR/4, 2009/MR/5, 2009/MR/6, 2009/MR/7, 2009/MR/8 (Jaarboek Marktpraktijken)

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Bulgaria

P. Gradinarov, “Refusal to Supply a Competitor as a Form of Abuse of Dominance”, in Commercial and Competition Law, No. 1, pp. 49–59, 2010 I. Gyurov, “Undertakings with Special or Monopoly Rights and Competition Law”, in Market and Law, No. 12, pp. 41–55, 1999 P. Nikolov, “The New Legal Framework for Protection of Competition.”, Trud i pravo Publishing House, Sofia 2009 M. Papazova, “Exchange of Information Between Competitors: Problem and Acceptable Limits”, in Commercial and Competition Law, No. 6, pp. 57–65, 2009 Judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court No. 3243 of 3 April 2003 in Case No. 1124/2003, SAC I Grand Chamber Judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court No. 7116 of 20 May 2011 in Case No. 4516/2011, SAC IV Chamber Judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court No. 14038 of 1 November 2011 in Case No. 10587/2011, SAC I Grand Chamber Case law Decision of the Commission on Protection of Competition No. 1778 of 20 December 2011 Cyprus

No reference has been provided

Czech Republic

Jiří Jelínek, “Trestní právo hmotné”, Leges, Praha 2010 Pavel Šámal, “Trestní zákoník II komentář”, Beck, Praha 2010 Alexander Nett, "Zneužití dominanntího postavení na trhu jako trestný čin", Trestní právo, Issue 3, p. 24, March 2007 Alexander Nett, "Ke změnám trestního práva na úseku hospodářské trestné činnosti a k zásadě ultima ratio", in Jiří Jelínek (ed.), “O novém trestním zákoníku. Sborník z mezinárodní vědecké konference Olomoucké právnické dny”, Leges, Praha 2009 František Púry, "Poznámky k právní úpravě hospodářské kriminality v České republice", Trestní právo, Issue No. 9, p. 11, September 2000 Jiří Teryngel, "Nad trestní odpovědností podnikatele”, Orac, Praha 1998 Jiří Teryngel, "K postihu hospodářských trestných činů v novém trestním kodexu", Trestní právo, Issue 6, p. 12, June 2009 Zbyněk Žďárský, "Civilněprávní a trestněprávní souvislosti nekalé soutěže a ochrany proti ní", Trestněprávní revue, Issue 12, p. 352, December 2003

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Pavel Šámal, "Nekalá soutěž a možnosti jejího postihu podle platné úpravy a za účinnosti nového trestního zákoníku", in ”Sborník XVII. Karlovarské právnické dny”, Linde, Praha 2009 P. Šámal, F. Púry, A. Stolář, I. Štenglová, “Podnikání a ekonomická kriminalista v České republice”, Beck, Praha 2001 Pavel Šámal, ”Osnova trestního zákoníku 2004-2006”, Beck, Praha 2006 A. Stolář, P. Šámal, F. Púry, I. Štenglová. ”Trestná činnost na českém kapitálovém trhu a v bankovní sféře”. Příručky Ministerstva spravedlnosti ČR, Volume 58, Institut pro další vzdělávání soudců, 1998 Jan Jakoubek, “Soutěžněprávní aspekty průmyslových práv v EU”, PF UK, 2005 Petr Kolman, “Evropské soutěžní právo a práva duševního vlastnictví”, Právní rozhledy, příloha Evropské právo, Issue 8, p. 1, 2002 Josef Malý, “Obchod nehmotnými statky. Patenty, vynálezy, know-how, ochranné známky”. C. H. Beck, 2002 J. Munková, P. Svoboda, J. Kindl, “Soutěžní právo”, C.H. Beck, 2006 Petr Michal, “Zakázané dohody a zneužívání dominantního postavení v ČR”, C.H.Beck, 2010 Jiří Pilař. Licencování v evropském právu s ohledem na soutěžní aspekty. PF UK, 2004 Radim Polčák, “Ke zneužití dominantního postavení v informačních sítích – případ Microsoft,” Jurisprudence, Issue No. 4, 2005 Jan Skuhravý, “Intellectual Property Rights and Essential Medicines”, Common Law Review 3/5, Praha 2003 Pavel Svoboda, “Paralelní dovozy”, Právní rádce, Issue No. 3, p. 10, 2000 Pavel Svoboda, “Vliv autorskoprávní teritoriality na rozvoj evropského práva”, Karolinum, 2001 Pavel Utěšený, “Zneužití dominantního postavení nositelem práv duševního vlastnictví v současné komunitární judikatuře”, Soudní rozhledy, Issue 8, 2001 Pavel Utěšený, “Tržní moc a duševní vlastnictví v evropském soutěžním právu”, C.H.Beck, 2003 Miroslava Bartošíková et al., “Základy obchodního práva”, pp. 135-136, Prospektrum, Praha 1994 L. Jansa, “Možnosti obrany proti nekalému podnikání bývalých zaměstnanců”, available at http://www.elaw.cz/cs/pracovni-pravo/310-moznosti-obrany-proti-nekalemu-ponikani-byvalych-zamstnancu.html Petr Hajn, “Soutěžní chování a právo proti nekalé soutěži”, Masaryk University, Brno 2000

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Petr Balabán et al., “Komentář k zákonu Obchodní zákoník. K §17-§ 20, k § 51, k § 53”, Wolters Kluwer, 2009 Ivana Štenglová, “Obchodní tajemství: praktická příručka”, Linde, Praha 2005 Ivana Štenglová et al., “Obchodní zákoník”, Issue No. 13, pp. 53–56, 199–208, 2010 Denmark

Erling Borcher and Frank Bøggild, “Markedsføringsloven”, Thomson/GadJura, 2006

Caroline Heide-Jørgen, “Lærebog i konkurrence- og markedsføringsret”, Jurist- og Økonomforbundet, 2008 Jeppe Høyer Jørgensen, ”Ansattes konkurrencehandlinger - loyalitetspligt og markedsføringslovens §§ 1 og 19”, Thomson Reuters, 2010 Palle Bo Madsen, ”Markedsret - Del 2 - Markedsføringsret og konkurrenceværn”, Jurist- og Økonomforbundet, 2007 Jakob Krag Nielsen, “Udviklingen på immaterialretsområdet i Danmark 2008-2010”, Nordisk Immateriellt Rättsskydd, p. 493, No. 6, 2010 Sune Troels Poulsen, “Loyalitet I erhvervsforhold”, Jurist- og Økonomforbundet, 1991

Estonia

Jaan Sootak and Priit Pikamäe, “Karistusseadustik. Kommenteeritud väljaanne”, Juura, Tallin 2009 Konkurenstiseaduse kommentaarid, issued by the ECA in co-operation with Tallinn Technical University Department of Economics, 2003 Eveli Ojamäe, “Saladuse hoidmise kohustus ja konkurentsipiirang uues töölepingu seaduses”, No 4, pp. 236-243, Juridica, 2009. Mario Rosentau, “Intellektuaalse omandi õigused infotehnoloogia valdkonnas. Infotehnoloogilise loomingu olemus”, No. 3, pp. 171-183, Juridica, 2008 Eveli Ojamäe, “Töötaja vastutus konkurentsikeelu ja konfidentsiaalsuskohustuse rikkumise eest”, No. 3, pp. 199-209, Juridica 2006 Eveli Ojamäe, “Konfidentsiaalse teabe määratlemine töösuhtes”, No. 10, pp. 719-730 Juridica 2005 “Äripäeva Ettevõtja Käsiraamat” – a collection of different legal aspcets necessary for operating a company, published by an Estonian daily economic newspaper Äripäev

Finland

Klaus Nyblin, “Yrityssalaisuusrikokset”, in Raimo Lahti and Pekka Koponen (eds.) “Talousrikokset”, Suomalainen lakimiesyhdistys, Helsinki 2007

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Martti Castren, “Liike- tai yrityssalaisuuden suojan tehostaminen” in Marja-Leena Mansala (ed.), ”Luovuus, oikeus ja muuttuvat markkinat”, pp. 27-44, 2003

Seppo Koskinen, ”Ammatti- ja liikesalaisuus”, Edilex, 2002 Klaus Nyblin, “Yrityssalaisuuden suoja ja entiset työntekijät”, in Defensor Legis, No. 2, pp. 230-253, 2003 Klaus Nyblin, “Yrityssalaisuusrikokset” in Raimo Lahti & Pekka Koponen (eds.) Talousrikokset, pp. 207-251, 2007 Klaus Nyblin, “Yrityssalaisuuksien suojaaminen ja oma henkilöstö”, in Defensor Legis, No. 4, pp. 535-549, 2008 Tatjana Čaika, “Komercnoslēpuma aizsardzības: tiesības vai pienākums?”, SALDO, 8 March 2012 France

Jérôme Lasserre Capdeville, “The offence of violation of a manufacturing secret”, AJ Pénal, p. 459, 2011 Thibault du Manoir de Juaye, “Trade secrets”, Revue Lamy Droit de l’Immatériel, No. 65, 2010 Proceedings of the Conference Prometheus on the legal protection of economical information – Issues and prospects, by Bernard Carayon, André Dietz, Christian Harbulot, François Hagel, Olivier de Maison Rouge Thibault du Manoir de Juaye, Bertrand Warusfel, 18 October 2010; available at http://www.fondation-prometheus.org/publish/Actes_du_colloque_18%20octobre_2010.pdf Report of the workshop presided by Claude Mathon, the protection of trade secrets: issues and propositions, by Claude Mathon and his team, 17 April 2011; available at http://www.claudemathon.fr/public/Secret_des_affaires_Rapport_final_17_avril_09.pdf French report on the protection of trade secrets through Intellectual Property rights and unfair competition Law, by Jean-Pierre Stouls and his team, for the AIPPI, 17 March 2010; available at https://www.aippi.org/download/commitees/215/GR215france_en.pdf François Hagel, “Secrets and Intellectual Property Law, An overview”, Revue Lamy droit de l’Immatériel, October 2009 Pierre Martin, “Trade secret in French Law”, Dedale Editions, 2009 Joanna Schmidt Szalewski, “Know-How”, Répertoire de droit commercial, Dalloz, February 2009 Didier Poracchia, “Secret and confidentiality in employee/employer’s relationships”, Revue Sociale Lamy, Supplément, 2008 Thibault du Manoir de Juaye, “Economic Intelligence and Trade Secrets: the point of view of in-house counsels”, Cahiers des droits de l’entreprise, No. 5, September – October 2008 Régis Fabre and Léna Sersiron, “Appropriation of know how”, Jurisclasseur LexisNexis Encyclopedia Patents, p. 4200, February 28, 2007

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Yann Paclot, “Secret business relations, the diverse aspects of trade secret”, Revue Droit et Patrimoine, Dossier, No. 102, 2002 Christophe Caron, “Secret business relations, Secret and Intellectual Property”, Revue Droit et Patrimoine, Dossier, No. 102, 2002 François-Xavier Testu, “Secret business relations, The contractual confidentiality”, Revue Droit et Patrimoine, Dossier, No. 102, 2002 “The legal protection of company’s secrets”, No. 85, Revue Droit et Patrimoine, Pratique, September 2000 F. Hagel, “The Protection of trade secret: Issues and Guidelines”, Cahiers de droit de l'entreprise, No. 1, January 2012 D. De Béchillon, “Adversarial principle and trade secret protection – why it is necessary to maintain current case law”, RFDA, p. 1107, 2012 B. Carayon, “Report n°4159 on the sanctions for the violation of trade secret”, Report for the National Assembly, January 11, 2012; available at http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/13/rapports/r4159.asp R. Bout, M. Bruschi, M. Luby, S. Poillot-Peruzzetto, C. Mathonnière, “Trade secrets protection” Lamy Droit Economique, No. 1282, 2012 R. Kovar, “Patents, know-how and prohibited restrictive agreements- implementation of Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functionning of the European Union to transfert of agreements technologies”, Jurisclasseur Lexisnexis, No. 1730-2, May 2011 Competition Authority, “Questions and Answers on Trade Secrets Protection”, report issued on February 2010, detailing the specific trade secret protection request procedure before the Competition Authority; available at http://www.autoritedelaconcurrence.fr/user/standard.php?id_rub=370&id_article=1344 Competition Authority, “Trade Secret protection request procedure diagram”, February 2010; available at http://www.autoritedelaconcurrence.fr/images/article/schema_secret_ins.gif P. Wilhelm, “Anti-competitive practice control procedure – procedure before the Competition Authority”, Jurisclasseur Lexisnexis Encyclopedia, No. 381, December 2009 B. Cheynel, “Trade secret protection new edition”, Lamy Concurrence, No. 19, p. 79, April-June 2009 J. S. Szalewski, “Know-how”, Répertoire de droit commercial Dalloz, February 2009 R. Fabre, and L. Sersiron, “Appropriation or Reservation of know how”, Jurisclasseur Encyclopedia Patents, No. 4200, February 28, 2007 Case law Judgment of the Supreme Court, Commercial chamber in Case No. JCP E 2000. 1112, PIBD 2001. 721. III. 296 of May 16, 2000 Judgments of the Cour de cassation, Commercial Chamber of February 2, 2010, No. 08-70.450, No.08-70.449 and No.70.451

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Decision of the French Competition Authority of January 26, 2011, No. 11-D02 Decision of the French Competition Authority of September 2010, No. 10-D-28, 20, in Case Checks Processing Germany Markus A. Mayer, “Geschäfts und Betriebsgeheimnis oder Geheimniskrämerei?”, pp. 884 et seq., in GRUR Int, 2011

Stefan Rützel, “Illegale Unternehmensgeheimnisse?”, Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht, pp. 557 et seq., 1995 Kurt Kiethe and Olaf von Hohmann, “Der strafrechtliche Schutz von Geschäfts und Betriebsgeheimnissen”, Neue Zeitschrift fur Strafrecht, Volume 26, Issue 4, p. 185, 2006 Wolfgang Mautz and Nicole Löblich, “Nachvertraglicher Verrat von Betriebs-und Geschäftsgeheimnissen”, in MDR, pp. 67 et seq., 2000 Hans Többens, “Die Straftaten nach dem Gesetz gegen den unlauteren Wettbewerb”, Wettbewerb in Recht und Praxis, Volume 51, No. 5, p. 552, 2005 Leopold Anders, "Die Kartellbehörden im Angesicht der Informationsfreiheit", pp. 592-601, Wirtschaft und Wettbewerb, 2006 Felix Engelsing, "Münchener Kommentar zum Wettbewerbsrecht, Band 2: Gesetz gegen Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen”, Section 56 para 18 et seq., 2008 Thomas Fischer, "Strafgesetzbuch und Nebengesetze", pp. 1320-1338, 57th Edition, Section 203, 2010 Meinard Dreher and Jens Hoffmann, "Kartellverstöße durch Informationsaustausch", pp. 1181-1196, Wirtschaft und Wettbewerb, 2011 M. McGuire, B. Joachim, J. Künzel, N. Weber, “Der Schutz von Geschäftsgeheimnissen durch Rechte des Geistigen Eigentums und durch das Recht des unlauteren Wettbewerbs”, in Q215, GRUR Int, pp. 829 et seq., 2010; available at: https://www.aippi.org/download/commitees/215/GR215germany_en.pdf

Tilman Müller-Stoy, “Durchsetzung des Besichtigungsanspruchs”, in GRUR-RR, pp. 161 et seq., 2009

Joerg Brammsen, “Wirtschaftsgeheimnisse als Verfassungseigentum”, in DÖV, pp. 10 et seq., 2007

Christoph Ann, “Know-how – Stiefkind des Geistigen Eigentums?”, in GRUR, pp. 39 et seq., 2007

Joachim Bornkamm, “Der Schutz vertraulicher Informationen zur Durchsetzung von Rechten des geistigen Eigentums - In-camera-Verfahren im Zivilprozess?” in Festschrift Ullmann, pp. 893 et seq., 2006 Kurt Kiethe and Olaf Hohmann, “Der strafrechtliche Schutz von Geschäfts- und Betriebsgeheimnissen”, in NStZ, pp. 185 et seq., 2006 Case law

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Judgment of the German Supreme Court (Bundesgerichtshof) of October 4, 2007, Case BGH KRB 59/07 Judgment of the German Regional High Court of Berlin (Kammergericht) of October 20, 1999 Judgment of the Local Court Bonn (Amtsgericht) of 30 January 2002,Case Pfleiderer Greece

Athanasios P. Pantazopoulos, “The protection of trade secrets in civil proceedings”, Armenopoulos, Volume 3, pp. 361-378, March 2008 G.N. Michalopoulos, “Unfair Competition”, (edited by Nik. K. Rokas), Nomiki Vivliothiki, Athens, 1996. Anastasia Ant. Voudrisli, “Trade Secrets and their protection under Greek law”, pp. 1–34 and 52–58, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 2008 Lambros E. Kotsiris, “Competition Law – Unfair and Free”, pp. 303-317, Sakkoulas Publications, May 2001 Konstantinos Kleisouras, “Trade and Business Secret in the EU Competition Law - Legal thoughts in relation to the decision of European Commission in the Microsoft Case”, in DEE, Volume 4, pp. 370-375, 2006 Nicolaos K. Rokas, “Industrial Property”, p. 219, Sakkoulas Publications, 2004 Michalis-Theodoros M. Marinos, “Unfair Competition”, Sakkoulas Publications, Athens 2002 Anthoula P. Papadopoulou, “Trade Secrets”, Sakkoulas Publications, 2007 Spyridon X. Dragomanovits, “Free access and exclusivity- Issues of Intellectual Property”, pp. 161-191, Sakkoulas Publications, 2001 G.N. Michalopoulos, “Unfair Competition”, (edited by Nic. K. Rokas), Nomiki Vivliothiki, pp. 401-416, Athens 1996 Evangelos N. Vassilakakis, “Special Jurisdiction in Contract and Tort Claims, art. 5(1) & 5(3) of EC Regulation 44/2001, 2004 Christos Milonopoulos, “The penal protection of software under Greek law”, Poinika Chronika 1988 Aggelos Konstandinidis, “The obligation to testify and Trade Secrets in criminal trials”, Research Institute of Procedural Studies, Sakkoulas Publications, 1991 Irini Vassilaki, “Software piracy and articles 16-17 of L. 146/1914”, Nomiko Vima, 1988. Evaggelos Perakis, “The law of Societe Anonyme”, Nomiki Vivliothiki, 2010 Aristotelis Charalambakis & Ioannis Giannidis, “Penal Code and Case Law”, Sakkoulas Publications Dikaio & Oikonomia, Athens 2009

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Michail Margaritis, “Penal Code”, Sakkoulas Publications Dikaio & Oikonomia, Athens 2003 Georgios Triantafyllakis, “Free Competition”, Nomiki Vivliothiki, 2005 Ioannis Dryllerakis, “The New Law on Free Competition”, Nomiki Vivliothiki, 2011 Despoina Anagnostoupoulou and Evaggelia Kleftodimou, “Know-how transfer agreements in EU law”, Sakkoulas Publications, 1992 Lambros Kotsiris, “Competition Law”, 4th Edition, Sakkoulas Publications, 2001 Dimitris Koutsoukis and Dimitris Tzouganatos, “The application of L. 703/1977”, Volume A: 1979-1986, pp. 12-13, Athens 1987 K. Theodoridis, “Microsoft complies”, pp. 481-483, Epitheorisi Evropaikou Dikaiou, 2005 K. Theodoridis, “Microsoft at the gun sight of the European Commission”, pp. 619-623, Epitheorisi Evropaikou Dikaiou, 2004 Kostantinos Kleisouras, “Commercial and industrial secret in EU competition law”, pp. 619-623, Dikaio Epixeiriseon kai Etairion, 2006 Ch. Apostolopoulos, “Conditions of application and basic principles of Regulation 772/2004/EC regarding technology transfer agreements”, pp. 783-792, Chronika Idiotikou Dikaiou, 2009 V. Chatzopoulos, “Essential facilities rule, after the decision of the European Commission on Microsoft and of the Court of European Communities on IMS Health”, pp. 655-670, Chronika Idiotikou Dikaiou, 2004

Case law Decision No. 2/1979 of the Hellenic Competition Authority Decision No. 25/1985 of the Hellenic Competition Authority Decision No. 51/1997 of the Hellenic Competition Authority – Section B Decision No. 432/V/2009 of the Hellenic Competition Authority – Section B Decision No. 244/III/2003 of the Hellenic Competition Authority – Section B Decision No. 207/III/2002 of the Hellenic Competition Authority - Plenary Session Decision No. 525/VI/2011 of the Hellenic Competition Authority

Hungary Béla Busch, “Az üzleti titok büntetőjogi védelme. Pálinkás György emlékkönyv”, Rejtjel Kiadó, Budapest 2007 Ferenc Nagy (ed.), “A Magyar Büntetőjog Különös Része”, Hvg/orac kiadó 2009 András Kisfaludi, “A társaságok titkai. Titokvédelem a gazdasági társaságokban”, pp. 151-168, Ius privatum, 2001

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Ádám Földes, “Üzleti titok és információszabadság. Szabad adatok, védett adatok”, Free data, protected data, Volume 2, pp. 55-80, 2008 Jenő Bobrovszky, “Rejtélyek és fortélyok - hozzászólás az ütleti titok és a know-how kérdésköréhez a Ptk. javaslat kapcsán. Szellemi tulajdon védelméről”, pp. 221-236, 2006 István Nagy Csongor, “A magyar versenyjog üzleti titok-szabályának néhány értelmezési kérdéséről. Jogtudományi Közlöny”, Jurisprudence Journal, No. 11, pp. 553-561, 2008 Edit Frank, “Az ütleti titok védelme”, in Cég és Jog, No. 9, pp. 33-34, 2000 Zsuzsa Kerekes, “Nincs adózás képviselet nélkül. Az információszabadság és az üzleti titok konfliktusáról. Fundamentum”, in Az emberi jogok folyóirata, No. 4, pp. 85-91, 2001 Protection of trade secrets through IPR and unfair competition law - AIPPI Question Q215, National Report of the Hungarian Group, 2010 (head of the working group: Dr. Gusztáv BACHER) Gusztáv Bacher, “A tisztességtelen verseny tilalma” in Boytha Györgyné and Tóth Tihamér (ed.), Versenyjog, pp. 76-88, PPKE JÁK, 2010

Ireland

Paul Lavery, “Commercial Secrets: The Action for Breach of Confidence in Ireland”, Sweet & Maxwell, Dublin 1996

“Discovery of commercially-sensitive information considered”, I.L.T., Volume 29, Issue 18, pp. 253-254, 2011 Emma L. Callanan, “Breach of confidence and tribunals of enquiry a classic tort”, Q.R.T.L., Volume 3, Issue 1, pp. 31-35, 2008 Cliona Kimber, “Restrictive covenants in employment law”, I.E.L.J., Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 85-91, 2006 Robert Forde, “Breach of confidence: the nebulous umbrella”, Ir. B.L., Volume 2, Issue 5, pp. 158-160, 1999 Paul Lavery, “Confidentiality obligations”, C.L. Pract., Volume 4, Issue 7, pp. 164-169, 1997 Paul Lavery, “Commercial secrets and the employer/employee relationship”, C.L. Pract., Volume 4, Issue 3, pp. 54-59, 1997 Paul Lavery, “Breach of confidence”, I.I.P.R., Volume 1, Issue 3, pp. 15-22, 1997 Julie Liston, “Injunction - passing off - breach of confidence - breach of copyright - application for interlocutory injunction”, I.L.R.M., Volume 1, Issue 1, pp. 27-33, 1996 Maeve McDonagh, “Developments in the action for breach of confidence”, I.L.T., Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. 98-101, 1996 Paul Coughlan, “Ireland: breach of confidence: contract - identity of investor - publication by third party”, E.I.P.R., Volume 15, Issue 9, pp. 212-213, 1993

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Case law Determination of the Competition Authority of March 13, 2008, M/08/004, Case 3I/Alpharma Determination of the Competition Authority of October 18, 2007, M/07/058, Case Eurocopter/McAlpine Determination of the Competition Authority of October 10, 2007, M/07/053, Case VION/Oerlemans

Determination of the Competition Authority of January 10, 2008, M/07/071, Case Barclays/Gardman

Determination of the Competition Authority of April 28, 2008, M/08/013, Case Hibernian/Vivas Determination of the Competition Authority of February 10, 2010, M/10/001, Case MMC/HIBL Determination of the Competition Authority of March 25, 2011, M/11/008, Clondalkin/Catalent Italy

Alberto Alessandri, “Riflessi penalistici sull’innovazione tecnologica”, Giuffrè, Milan 1984 Giovanni Cocco, “La tutela penale delle creazioni intellettuali”, in Astolfo Di Amato (eds.), “Trattato di diritto penale dell’impresa – Il diritto penale industriale”, pp. 260-307, CEDAM, Padua 1993 Alberto Crespi, “La tutela penale del segreto”, Priulla, Palermo 1952 Benedetta Franchini Stufler, “Studi sull’evoluzione economica e giuridica del know-how e della sua tutela”, Rivista di diritto industriale, No. 6, 2005 Sergio Kostoris, “Il segreto come oggetto della tutela penale”, CEDAM, Padua 1964 Nicola Mazzacuva, “La tutela penale del segreto industriale”, Giuffrè, Milan 1979 Giovanni Bonilini and Massimo Confortini, “Codice Commentato della proprietà industriale e intellettuale”, UTET, 2011

Maria Pastore, “La tutela del segreto industriale nel sistema dei diritti di privativa” in Giorgio Resta, “Diritti esclusivi e nuovi beni immateriali”, pp. 273-309, UTET, 2011 Sergio Barbaro, “Le informazioni aziendali riservate: le scelte del codice della proprietà industriale” in Giorgio Resta, “Diritti esclusivi e nuovi beni immateriali”, pp. 314-353, UTET, 2011 Adriano Vanzetti, “La tutela corretta delle informazioni riservate”, Rivista del diritto industriale No. 3, 2011 Cesare Galli, “Codice della Proprietà industriale: la riforma 2010”, IPSOA, 2010 Paolo Auteri, “Tutela dei segreti d’impresa”, Meeting AIPPI of February 5, 2010

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Adriano Vanzetti and Vincenzo di Cataldo, “Manuale di diritto Industriale”,Giuffrè, Milan 2009 Piergaetano Marchetti and Luigi Carlo Ubertazzi, “Commentario breve alle leggi sulla proprietà intellettuale e concorrenza”, CEDAM, Padua 2007 Cristina Bellomunno, “Storno dei dipendenti e sottrazione di segreti”, Il diritto industriale, No. 3, 2007 Gianmaria Rosin, “Patto di non concorrenza”, Diritto e pratica del lavoro, No. 35, 2006 M. Scuffi, M. Franzosi, A. Fittante, “Il Codice della Proprietà Industriale”, CEDAM, Padua 2005 Giovanni Guglielmetti, “La tutela del segreto”, in Cesare Galli and Adriano Vanzetti (eds.), “Le nuove frontiere del diritto dei brevetti”, pp. 109-135, Giappichelli, Turin 2003 Mario Edoardo Traverso, “La tutela giurisdizionale del segreto”, Il diritto industriale, No. 4, 2002 Giacomo Bonelli, “Tutela del Segreto di impresa e obblighi dell’ex dipendente”, Il diritto industriale, No. 1, 2002 Gustavo Ghidini and Valeria Falce, “Upgrading trade secrets as IPRs: a recent break through in Italian IP law”, Rivista di diritto d'autore, Issue 2, No. 79, 2008 Gianluca Faella, “Il caso Merck”, Mercato concorrenza regole, No. 3, 2006 Valeria Falce, “Profili pro-concorrenziali dell'istituto brevettuale”, Giuffrè, Milan 2008 Harry First, “Trade secrets and antitrust law”, in C. Rochelle, Dreyfuss and Katherine J. Strandburg (eds.), "The law and theory of trade secrecy. A handbook of contemporary research", Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham UK, Northampton MA USA, 2011 Katarzyna A. Czapracka, "Antitrust and trade secrets: the US and the EU approach", Santa Clara Computer & High Tech. L.J. Volume 24, p. 207, 2008 Roberto Pardolesi and Alberto Renda, “The European Commission's case against Microsoft: Kill Bill?", World Competition, Volume 27, p. 513, 2004 Roberto Pardolesi and Alberto Renda, “Kill Bill Vol. 2”, Mercato concorrenza regole, No. 3, 2007 H. Chang, D. Evans, R. Schmalensee, "Has the consumer harm standard lost its teeth?", in Robert Hahn (ed.), "High-Stakes antitrust. The last Hurrah?", AEI-Brookings Joint Center for Reulatory Studies, 2003 Josef Drexl, “Refusal to Grant Access to Trade Secrets as an Abuse of Market Dominance”, in Steven Anderman and Ariel Ezrachi (eds.), “Intellectual Property and Competition Law - New Frontiers”, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2011 Paolo Auteri, “Commento al nuovo art. 6bis l. invenzioni”, Commentario al d.lgs.19 marzo 1996, n. 198, in Le Nuove Leggi Civ. Comm., p. 124, 1998 P. Auteri, G. Floridia, V. M. Mangini, G. Olivieri, M. Ricolfi, P. Spada, “Diritto industriale. Proprietà intellettuale e concorrenza”, 3rd Edition, Giappichelli, Turin 2009

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Algirdas Matkevičius, “Civilinė atsakomybė bendrovės komercinių paslapčių apsaugos pažeidimų atvejais”, Jurisprudencija, Issue 5, No. 107, 2008 Algirdas Matkevičius, “Bendrovės komercinės paslapties objektas”, Jurisprudencija, Issue 10, No. 100, 2007 Algirdas Matkevičius, “Bendrovės komercinių paslapčių apsauga: daktaro disertacija”, Mykolas Romeris University, 2008 Gintarė Surblytė, “Atsakomybė už neteisėtą komercinės paslapties įgijimą, atskleidimą ar jos naudojimą”, Justitia, Issue 3, No. 69, 2008 V. Mikelėnas, A. Vileita, A. Taminskas, ”Lietuvos Respublikos civilinio kodekso komentaras”, Pirmoji knyga, Bendrosios nuostatos, 2001 Luxembourg

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Margareta Oproiu, “Forms and functions of legal protection of intellectual property rights. Trade secret”, Commercial Law Review No. 7-8, p. 92, 1996 Emilia Mihai, “Procedural aspects regarding to the unfair competition action. Romanian and Comparative Law”, Commercial Law Review, No. 7-8, p. 109, 2001 O. Tinca, “Some observations regarding the confidentiality clause of the labor contract”, Commercial Law Review, No. 9, 2004 R. Dimitriu, “The non-compete clause and the confidentiality clause in the regulation of the new Labor Code”, Labor Law Review, No. 2, 2003 J. Kocsis, “Regarding the disclosure right of the author”, Romanian Business Law Review, No. 6, 2007 Case law Order of the Competition Council’s President in Case No. 794/2011 Decision of the Competition Council in Case No. 51/2011 Decision of the Competition Council in Case No. 9/2012 Slovakia

K. Kalesnà, “Dominant position as a criterion of assessing concentrations”, Legal Horizon, Volume 41, No. 1, p. 45, 2004 J. Munkova, P. Svoboda, J. Kindl, “Competition Law”, C.H. Beck, Prague 2006 Bejček Eliáš and Ježek Hajn, “Course of the Commercial Law”, 4th Edition, p.396, C.H. Beck, Prague 2004 J. Bejček, “Objective conflicts in competition law”, Lawyer, Volume 146, No. 6, p. 669, 2007 J. Bejček, “Regulation and competition”, Legal Forum, Volume 4, No. 3, p. 89, 2007 Development of competition law, History of the Office for Protection of Economic Competition; available at: http://www.compet.cz/ouradu/historie-uradu/ P. Utešený, “Market power and intellectual property in European competition law”, C.H.Beck, Prague Publishing, p. 7, 2005 P. Běhan, “Dominant position on the market and its abuse, Legal regulation in EU and in Czech Republic”, Prague Publishing: Prospektrum publisher, pp. 98-99, 2002 J. Kindl, “Term violation of economic competition – general resources and specific applications”, Legal Scopes, No. 10, p.349, 2005 Ol’ga Ovečková, “Commercial Code, Commentary”, Iura Edition Bratislava, pp. 54 et seq., 2005

Jozef Suchoža, “Commercial Code and Relating Legal Enactments, Commentary”, Eurounion Bratislava, 2003

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Slovenia

Mitja Deisinger, “Kazenski zakonik s komentarjem”, Posebni del, Gospodarski vestnik, Založba, Ljubljana 2002 Mitja Deisinger, “Kazenskopravno varstvo gospodarstva v tranziciji in tržnem sistemu”, Podjetje in delo, Issues 5-6, 1996

Mitja Deisinger, “Gospodarska kazniva dejanja”, Podjetje in delo, Issues 5-6, 1993 Vid Jakulin, “Trgovanje na podlagi zaupnih notranjih informacij”, Dnevi javnega prava. Uprava in sodstvo v evropskih povezavah in reforma javne uprave v Sloveniji, Inštitut za javno upravo, p. 281, Ljubljana 1998 Tatjana Caika, “Komercnoslēpuma aizsardzības: tiesības vai pienākums?”, SALDO, 8 March 2012 Maja Potočnik, “Poslovna skrivnost pri vpogledih v ponudbe konkurenčnih ponudnikov”, Pravna praksa, Issue 44, p. 22, 2009

Brane Bertoncelj, “Analiza stališč v zvezi z zaščito poslovne skrivnosti”, Psihološka obzorja, Volume 10, Issue 2, pp. 113-122, 2001 Maja Stankić Rupnik, “Poslovna skrivnost v podjetniški praksi”, Diplomsko delo, Pravna fakulteta v Mariboru, September 2005 Case law Decision of the Competition Protection Office No. 134 of June 17, 2008, Slovenian Post Office

Spain

María del Mar Carrasco Andrino, “La Proteccion Penal Del Secreto De impresa”, Cedecs Derecho Penal, Barcelona 1998 Francisco Muñoz Conde, “Derecho penal: Parte especial”, Tirant Lo Blanc Libros, Valencia 2004 Luis Rodríguez Ramos, “Codigo penal comentado y con jurisprudencia”, La Ley, Wolters Kluwer, Madrid 2007 Gonzalo Quintero Olivares, “La reforma penal de 2010: análisis y comentarios”, Aranzadi-Thomson Reuters, Navarra 2010 Augusto Santaló Ríos, “Los delitos contra la propiedad intellectual e industriale tras la reforma del Codigo penal operada por L.O. 15/2/2003”, Revista Xurídica Galega, No. 43, 2004; available at https://www.rexurga.es/pdf/COL103.pdf Mauricio Troncoso y Reigada, “El marco normativo de los ilícitos desleales de relevancia antitrust (reflexiones en torno al artículo 7 de la LDC)”, Estudios jurídicos en homenaje al profesor Aurelio Menéndez, pp. 1035-1082, 1996 Albert Font Segura, “La Protección internacional del Secreto Empresarial”, pp. 67-73, Eurolex, 1999

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María Luisa Llobregat Hurtado, “Aproximación al concepto de secreto empresarial en Derecho Español y Derecho Norteamericano”, pp. 92-101, Cedes, 1999 Carlos Martín Albornoz, “Trade secrets. Concept and protection, by José Antonio Gómez Segade”. Revista Crítica de Derecho Inmobiliario, Volume 509, p. 1026, July-August 1975. Josè Antonio Gómez Segade, “El secreto industrial. Concepto y protección”, Ed. Tecnos, Madrid 1974 Francisco J. Gómez Abelleira, “Litigios entre empresario y trabajador sobre patentes, secretos industriales y derechos de autor en los Estados Unidos”, Editores Universidad de la Coruña, 1999 Esther Morón Lerma, “El secreto de empresa: protección penal y retos que plantea ante las nuevas tecnologías”, Ed. Aranzadi, 2002 Carlos Fernández-Nóvoa, “El enriquecimiento injustificado en el derecho industrial”, Editorial Marcial Pons, 1998 María Teresa Fernández Sánchez, “Proteccion penal del secreto de empresa”, Ed. Colex, 2000 José Miguel Romaña and José Miguel, “Espionaje industrial”, Ediciones Mensajero, 1999 Aldo Frignani, “Secretos de empresa (En el derecho Italiano y comparado)”, Revista de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Complutense, No. 73, pp. 255-279, Madrid 1988 Nuria Alcalde, “Especial examen de la competencia desleal ante la jurisdicción civil”, Derecho y Empresa, Volume 1, February 2005 Case law Judgment of the Criminal Section of the Spanish Supreme Court of December 16, 2008 in Case No. 864/2008 Judgment of the Criminal Section of the Spanish Supreme Court (First Section) of May 12, 2008 in Case No. 285/2008 Judgment of the Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona (Second Section) of March 12, 2008 in Case No. 180/2008 Judgment of the Audiencia Provincial of Madrid (Seventeenth Section) of September 26, 2007 in Case No. 970/2007 Judgment of the Audiencia Provincial of Guipúzcoa (First Section) of March 13, 2006 in Case No. 84/2006 Judgment of the Audiencia Provincial de León (Third Section) of January 21, 2007 in Case No. 15/2007 Judgment of CNC of November 9, 2009 in Case S/37/08, Decennial Insurance Companies Judgment s of CNC of March 2, 2011, Case S/86/08, Professional Hairdressers Judgment s of CNC of May 13, 2011, Case S/159/09, Unesa y Asociados

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Judgment s of CNC of June 24, 2011, Case S/185/09, Fluid Pumps Judgment s of CNC of January 19, 2012, Case S/0280/10, Suzuki-Honda Judgment s of CNC of July 29, 2011, Case S/0184/09, Gas Natural Judgment s of CNC of March 31, 1997, Case R 189/96, Resopal Judgment of the Madrid Court of Appeal of October 15, 2010 Judgment of the Madrid Court of Appeal of October 14, 2011 Judgment of the Barcelona Court of Appeal of June 12, 2009 CNC 2010-2011 Activity Report, available at: http://www.cncompetencia.es/Default.aspx?TabId=72 Decision of the TDC of 31 March 1997, in Case R 189/96, Resopal Decision of the Spanish Competition Commission of 29 July 2011 in Case S/0184/09, Gas Natural

Sweden Tommy Svensson, “Lönsam säkerhetsjuridik - Om konsten att skydda sig själv och sina tillgångar”, 5th Edition, M I J Media, Sverige 2012 U. Bernitz, G. Karnell, L. Pehrson, C. Sandgren, “Immaterialrätt och otillbörlig konkurrens - upphovsrätt, patent, mönster, varumärken, namn, firma, otillbörlig konkurrens”, 12th Edition, Jure förlag, 2011 Christina Wainikka, “Företagshemligheter - En introduktion”, 1st Edition, Studentlitteratur, 2010 T. Brink, A. Stenlund, L.E. Ström, C.A. Svensson, “Praktisk Marknadsrätt”, 8th Edition, Nordstedts Juridik, 2002 Bengt Domeij, “Patenträtt - Svensk och internationell patenträtt, avtal om patent samt skyddet för växtsorter och företagshemligheter”, 1st Edition, Iustus förlag, 2007 Bo-Göran Wallin, “Immaterialrätt för innovatörer och entreprenörer”, 1st Edition, Nordstedts Juridik, 2006 Reinhold Fahlbeck, “Lagen om skydd för företagshemligheter - En kommentar med rättsöversikter”, 2nd Edition, Norstedts Juridik, 2004 Christina Helgesson, “Affärshemligheter i samtid och framtid”, 1st Edition, Jure förlag, 2000 Henrik Bengtsson and Oskar Arndt, “Interimistiska förbud och bevissäkring vid angrepp på företagshemligheter”, JT, No. 2, p. 241-261, 2008-09. Henrik Bengtsson & Johan Kahn, “Företagshemligheter i domstolars praxis, del 2”, Ny Juridik, No. 4, pp. 7-49, 2002 Christina Wainikka, “Information som självständigt objekt”, SvJT, pp. 577-586, 2003

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Michaël Koch, “Tio år med lagen om skydd för företagshemligheter. Festskrift till Hans Stark”, pp. 153 et seq., Stockholm 2001 Sten Zethraeus, “Konkurrensklausuler i anställningsavtal – särskilt vid kunskapsföretag; ett forsök till rättslägesbeskrivning”,in Arbetsrättsliga föreningen, “Festskrift till Hans Stark”, 2001 Christina Helgesson, “Skyddet för affärshemligheter och de olika begreppen”, SvJT, pp. 28-41, 1997 Johan Karlsson, “Rättsosäkerhet vid gryningsräder”, Europarättslig tidskrift (ERT), No. 3, 2011 J. Lundström, E. Brändt, T. Larusdottir, “Konkurrensverkets gryningsräder - spegling av digital material m.m”, Juridisk tidskrift, No. 2, p. 452, 2011 DS 2007:19 Genomförande av direktiv om civilrättsliga sanktioner på immaterialrättens område DS 2005:6 Brott och brottsutredning i IT-miljö DS 2001:9 Förslag om utökning av tryckfrihetsförordningen och yttrandefrihetsgrundlagen att gälla även privatanställda Switzerland

Stefan Trechsel et al. (eds.), “Schweizerisches Strafgesetzbuch”, Praxiskommentar, Zürich/St.Gallen 2008 (arts. 162, 273, 321) Günter Stratenwerth and Guido Jenny, “Schweizerisches Strafrecht, Besonderer Teil I: Straftaten gegen Individualinteressen”, 6th Edition, Bern 2003 Bertrand Perrin, “La protection pénale des données informatiques de l’entreprise”, Der Schweizer Treuhänder, No. 8, pp. 605 et seq., 2011 Marcel Niggli and Hans Wiprächtiger (eds.), “Basler Kommentar zum Strafrecht II”, 2nd Edition, Basel 2007 (arts. 162, 273, 321) Jean Nicolas Druey, “Das Fabrikationsgeheimnis - faktisches Gut oder Rechtsgut?”, ZSR NF 92, I, p. 451, 1973 Jean Nicolas Druey, “Information als Gegenstand des Rechts”, Zürich/Baden-Baden 1995 Frederic H. Comptesse, “Begriff und Schutz des Geheimnisses im Schweizerischen Zivilgesetzbuch (Strafgesetzbuch)”, ZStrR 56, pp. 264 et seq., 1942 Georges Bindschedler, “Der strafrechtliche Schutz wirtschaftlicher Geheimnisse”, Diss. Bern 1981 Marc Amstutz and Mani Reinert (eds.), “Basler Kommentar Kartellgesetz”, Helbing & Lichtenhahn, Basel 2010 Baker & McKenzie (ed.), “Kartellrecht”, Stämpfli Verlag, Bern 2007

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Baker & McKenzie (ed.), “Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung”, Stämpfli Verlag, Bern 2010 Statement of the Swiss Competition Commission regarding trade secrets, 30 April 2009 Roland von Büren, “Die wirtschaftsrechtliche Rechtsprechung des Bundesgerichts im Jahr 2007”, ZBJV No. 144, p. 675, 2008 Ingo Meitinger, “Der Schutz von Geschäftsgeheimnissen im globalen und regionalen Wirtschaftsrecht”, Studien zum globalen Wirtschaftsrecht, Peter lang, Bern 2001 Ingo Meitinger, “Die globale Rahmenordnung für den Schutz von Geschäftsgeheimnissen im TRIPS-Abkommen der WTO und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Rechtslage in der Schweiz”, sic!, 2002, p. 145 Eva-Maria Strobel, “Protection of trade secrets through IPR and unfair competition law”, sic! 2010, p. 669 Naoki Takei, “Inhalt und Rechtsfolgen von Geheimhaltevereinbarungen”, SJZ No. 103, p. 57, 2007 Roger Zäch, “Schweizerisches Kartellrecht”, Stämpfli Verlag, Bern 1994 Carl Baudenbacher, “Lauterkeitsrecht”, Basel 2001

Roland Von Büren, “Schweizerisches Immaterial- und Wettberwerbsrecht”, Volume 5, Subvolume 1, Basel 1994 Urs Wickihalder, “Die Geheimhaltungspflicht des Arbeitnehmers”, Bern 2004 Roger Rudolph, “Kontakte zu Kunden des alten Arbeitgebers nach einem Stellenwechsel – Eine rechtliche Auslegeordnung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Eigenheiten in der Finanzbranche”, ARV, p. 93, 2009 Frederic H. Comptesse, “Begriff und Schutz des Geheimnisses im Schweizerischen Zivilgesetzbuch (Strafgesetzbuch)”, ZStrR, No. 56, p. 264, 1942

United Kingdom

Paul Stanley, “The Law on Confidentiality: A Restatement”, Hart Publishing, 2008

Roger G. Toulson and Charles M. Phipps, “Confidentiality”, 2nd Edition, Sweet & Maxwell 2006 Kate Brearley and Selwyn Bloch, “Employment Covenants and Confidential Information”, 3rd Edition, Tottel Publishing, 2009 International Chamber of Commerce, “Current and emerging intellectual property issues for business”, Tenth Edition 2010

R. Anderson, M. Browne, I. Coates, T. Cook, B. Cookson, M. Edenborough, L. Harrold, M. Ridgway, S. Turner, J. Watts, “Protection of trade secrets through IPR and unfair competition law: UK response to Question”, Q215, AIPPI, April 2010 Report on Trade Secrets for the European Commission, Hogan Lovells International LLP, September 2011

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Chris Hunt, “Rethinking surreptitious takings in the law of confidence”, Intellectual Property Quarterly, pp. 66-85, 2011 Trade Secrets & Innovation Coalition, Comments for the consultation on the commission report on the enforcement of intellectual property rights, March 2011 Law Commission, Legislating the Criminal Code: Misuse of Trade Secrets consultation paper, November 1997 Christopher Wadlow, “Bugs, Spies and paparazzi: jurisdiction over actions for breach of confidence in private international law”, European Intellectual Property Review, Volume 30, No. 7, pp. 269-279, 2008

Christopher Wadlow, “Trade Secrets under Rome II Regulation on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations”, European Intellectual Property Review, Volume 30 No. 8, pp. 309-319, 2008 Trevor Cook, “Protecting Confidential Information: Overview”, PLC David Wilkinson and Charlotte Tillett, “Trade Secrets: protecting a valuable asset”, PLC, April 2009 Matthew Conaglen, “Thinking about proprietary remedies for breach of confidence, Intellectual Property Quarterly, No. 1, pp. 82-109, 2008 Hazel Carty, “An analysis of the modern action for breach of commercial confidence: when is protection merited?”, Intellectual Property Quarterly, No. 4, pp. 416-455, 2008 Robert Anderson and Sarah Turner, “Keeping Secrets”, Managing Intellectual Property, No. 172, p. 45, 2007 Francis Hagel, “Trade Secrets as part of the Intellectual Property Toolbox”, Intellectual Property Magazine, pp. 52-56, September 2010 Francis Hagel, “Trade Secrets as part of the Intellectual Property Toolbox (part 2)”, Intellectual Property Magazine, pp. 23-26, October 2010 P. Thornton, A. Shaw, P. Abbott, “Preventing misuse of leaked confidential information”, PLC, November 2009 Harry First, “Trade secrets and antitrust law”, in C. Rochelle, Dreyfuss and Katherine J. Strandburg (eds.), "The law and theory of trade secrecy. A handbook of contemporary research", Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham UK, Northampton MA USA, 2011 Katarzyna A. Czapracka, "Antitrust and trade secrets: the US and the EU approach", Santa Clara Computer & High Tech. L.J. Volume 24, p. 207, 2008 Richard Whish, “Competition Law”, 7th Edition, Oxford 2012

Case law Judgment of the High Court of Justice, 68 Cr. App. R. 183 (1979) Judgment of the House of Lords, Scott v. Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis AC 819 (1975)

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Judgment of the House of Lords, R v. Boy Steet Stipendiary Magistrates, ex p Government of the United States of America, 3 WLR 620 (1999) Judgment of the High Court of Justice, R v. Huggins 2 Ld Raym 1574 (1730)

United States

Roger M. Milgrim, “Milgrim on Trade Secrets”, 2011 World Intellectual Proerty Rights and Remedies, Dennis Campell (ed.), §§ 50:57-50:70, 2011 NCCUSL, Uniform Trade Secrets Act with 1985 Amendments: available at http://www.law.upenn.edu/bll/archives/ulc/fnact99/1980s/utsa85.htm Restatement (First), Torts § 757, 1939 Restatement (Third), Unfair Competition §§ 38-45, 1995 California Jurisprudence, Third, Unfair Competition §§ 21-24 Illinois Jurisprudence, Commercial Law §§ 24:1-24:12 New York Jurisprudence, Second, Trade Regulation §§ 246-264 Texas Jurisprudence, Third, Trademarks, Tradenames, Unfair Competition §§ 45-64 U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Guidelines for the Licensing of Intellectual Property, 1995 Katarzyna A. Czapracka, "Antitrust and trade secrets: the US and the EU approach", Santa Clara Computer & High Tech. L.J. Volume 24, p. 207, 2008

Case law Judgment of the Illinois Second District Appellate Court, Stenstrom Petroleum Servs. Group, Inc. v. Mesch, 874 N.E.2d 959 (2007). Judgment of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, Paz Sys. v. Dakota Group Corp., 514 F. Supp. 2d 402 (2007). Judegment of the Texas Supreme Court, In re Bass, 113 S.W.3d 735 (2003). Judgment of the Fourteenth Court of Appeals of Texas in Houston, Bertotti v. C.E. Shepherd Co., Inc., 752 S.W.2d 648 (1988). Judgment of the Texas Court of Civil Appeals, Elcor Chemical Corp. v. Agri-Sul, Inc., 494 S.W.2d 204 (1973). Judgment of the California Court of Appeal for the Fourth District, Greenly v. Cooper, 143 Cal. Rptr. 514 (1978). Judgment of the Illinois Fifth District Appellate Court, Murphy v. Murphy, 328 N.E.2d 642 (1975). Judgment of the New York Court of Appeals, Drake v. Herrman, 185 N.E. 685 (1933).

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Judgment of the Second Court of Appeals of Texas - Forth Worth, Mabrey v. SandStream, Inc., 124 S.W.3d 302 (2003). Judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States, Ruckelshaus v. Monsanto Co., 467 U.S. 986 (1984). Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, Hudson Hotels Corp. v. Choice Hotels International, Inc., 995 F.2d 1173 (1993). Judgment of the Texas Eighth Court of Appeals - El Paso, Weigh Scales and Service, Inc. v. North Texas Scales, Inc., 314 S.W.3d 105 (2010). Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, CQ, Inc. v. TXU Min. Co., L.P., 565 F.3d 268 (2009). Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, TianRui Group Co. Ltd. v. Int'l Trade Comm'n, 661 F3d 1322 (2011). Judgment of the United States District Court Southern District of Texas – Houston, See Rx.com v. Hruska, 2006 U.S. Dist. 27 (2006). Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, Chrysler Motors Corp. v. Auto Body Panels, Inc., 908 F.2d 951 (1990). Judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States, Granny Goose Foods, Inc. v. Bhd. of Teamsters & Auto Truck Drivers, 415 U.S. 423 (1974). Judgment of the Court of Appeals of California for the Sixth District, Ajaxo Inc. v. E*TRADE Group, Inc., 37 Cal. Rptr. 3d 221 (2005). Judgment of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas, Picker Int'l, Inc. v. Blanton, 756 F. Supp. 971 (1990).

Judgment of the Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Andrew Greenberg, Inc. v. Svane, Inc., 830 N.Y.S.2d 358 (2007). Judgment of the Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Damas v. Levitsky, 738 N.Y.S.2d 402 (2002). Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, Speedry Chems. & Prods., Inc. v. Carter's Ink Co., 306 F.2d 328 (1962). Judgment of the Second Court of Appeals of Texas - Forth Worth, World Service Life Ins. Co. v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., 600 S.W.2d 400 (1980). Judgment of the California Court of Appeal for the Sixth Appellate District, K.C. Multimedia, Inc. v. Bank of America Technology & Operations, Inc., 90 Cal. Rptr. 3d 247 (2009). Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit, PepsiCo., Inc. v. Redmond, 54 F.3d 1262 (1995). Judgment of the California Court of Appeal for the Fourth Appellate District, Whyte v. Schlage Lock Co., 125 Cal. Rptr. 2d 277 (2002). Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, American Federal Group v. Rothenberg, 136 F.3d 897 (1998).

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Judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States, International Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310 (1945). Judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States, Hanson v. Denckla, 357 U.S. 235 (1958) Judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States, Hilton v. Guyot, 159 U.S. 113 (1895) Judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States, State Oil Co. v. Khan, 522 U.S. 3, 10 (1997) Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, Ark. Carpenters Health & Welfare Fund v. Bayer AG, 604 F.3d 98 (2d Cir. 2010) Judgment of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, Warner-Lambert Pharmaceutical Co. V. John J. Reynolds, Inc., 178 F. Supp. 655 (S.D.N.Y. 1959) Judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States, Dr. Miles Medical Co. v. John D. Park & Sons Co., 220 U.S. 373 (1911) Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, In Re Independent Service Organizations Antitrust Litigation, 203 F.3d 1322 (Fed. Cir. 2000) Judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States, United States v. National Lead Co., 332 U.S. 319 (1947) Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, Berkey Photo, Inc. v. Eastman Kodak Co., 603 F.2d 263 (2d Cir. 1979) Judgment of the Supreme Court of the uUnited States, Kewanee Oil Co. v. Bicron Corp., 416 U.S. 470 (1974) Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, California Computer Products, Inc. v. International Business Machines Corporation, 613 F.2d 727 (9th Cir. 1979) Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, Intergraph Corp. v. Intel Corp., 195 F.3d 1346 (Fed. Cir. 1999) Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit. Data General Corp. v. Grumman Systems Support Corp., 36 F.3d 1147 (1st Cir. 1994) Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the Eight Circuit, Empire Gas Corp., 537 F.2d at 307 Judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States, Schine Chain Theatres, Inc. v. United States, 334 U.S. 110 (1948) Judgment of the Supreme Court of the United States, Leegin Creative Leather Prods. v. PSKS, Inc., 551 U.S. 877 (2007) Judgment of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida, GTE Data Services, Inc. v. Electronic Data Systems Corp., 717 F. Supp. 1487 (M.D. Fla. 1989)

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Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, CVD, Inc. v. Raytheon Co., 769 F.2d 842 (1st Cir. 1985) Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, Chrysler Motors Corp. v. Auto Body Panels, Inc., 908 F.2d 951 (Fed. Cir. 1990)

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References of Economics Literature

Appendix 1

References

Acemoglu, Daron, Introduction to Modern Economic Growth, Princeton University Press, 2009.

Acemoglu, Daron and Ufuk Akcigit, “State-Dependent Intellectual Property Rights Policy,” National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Working Paper No. 12775, 2006, available at http://www.nber.org/papers/w12775.

Acs, Zoltan J. and Audretsch, David B. “Innovation in large and small firms: an empirical analysis,” The American Economic Review, Vol. 78, No. 4, pp. 678-690, 1988, available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/1811167. Aghion, Philippe and Peter, Howitt, Endogenous Growth Theory, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Press, 1998. Aghion, Philippe and Peter, Howitt, The Economics of Growth, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Press, 2009, available at http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=11787.

Akkonen, Teemu, “Innovation and Regional Socio-Economic Development – Evidence from the Finnish Local Administrative Units,” Bulletin of Geography, Socio–economic Series no. 15/2011, 2011.

Almeling, David S., “Four Reasons to Enact a Federal Trade Secrets Act,” Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal, Vol. 19, Issue 3, pp. 769-798, 2009, available at http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1480&context=iplj.

Almeling, David S., Snyder, Darin W., Sapoznikow, Michael, McCollum, Whitney E., and Weader, Jill , “A Statistical Analysis of Trade Secret Litigation in State Courts,” Gonzaga Law Review, Vol. 46, Issue 1, pp. 58 – 101, 2010/2011, available at http://blogs.gonzaga.edu/gulawreview/files/2011/01/AlmelingSnyderSapoznikowMcCollumWeader.pdf.

Almeling, David S., Snyder, Darin W., Sapoznikow, Michael, McCollum, Whitney E., and Weader, Jill, “A Statistical Analysis of Trade Secret Litigation in Federal Courts,” Gonzaga Law Review, Vol. 45, Issue 2, pp. 292 – 334, 2010, available at http://blogs.gonzaga.edu/gulawreview/files/2011/02/Almeling.pdf.

Amara, Nabil, Landry, Réjean, and Traoré, Namatié, “Managing the protection of innovations in knowledge-intensive business services,” Research Policy, Vol. 37, Issue 9, pp. 1530 – 1547, 2008, available at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048733308001509.

American Bar Association Section of Antitrust Law, Antitrust Law Developments (7th Ed. 2012), Chapter 11, “Antitrust Issues Involving Intellectual Property.”

American Bar Association, Section of Antitrust Law, Intellectual Property and Antitrust Handbook, 2007.

Anton, James J. and Yao, Dennis A., “Expropriation and Inventions: Appropriable Rents in the Absence of Property Rights,” The American Economic Review, Vol. 84, No. 1, pp. 190 – 209, 1994, available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2117978.

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Anton, James J. and Yao, Dennis A., “Start-ups, Spin-offs, and Internal Projects,” The Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization, Vol. 11, Issue 2, pp. 362 – 378, Oxford University Press, 1995, available at http://faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/~charlesw/s591/willstuff/oldstuff/PhD_2008_2009_LongStrat/Readings/Class05_Spinoffs/anton%26yao_spinoffs_jleo95.pdf.

Anton, James J. and Yao, Dennis A., “Little Patents and Big Secrets: Managing Intellectual Property,” The RAND Journal of Economics, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 1 – 22, 2004, , available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/1593727.

Anton, James, Greene, Hillary, and Yao, Dennis, “Policy Implications of Weak Patent Rights,” MIT Press, Innovation Policy and the Economy, edited by Jaffe, Adam B., Lerner, Josh, Stern, Scott, Vol. 6, pp. 1 – 26, 2006, available at http://www.nber.org/chapters/c0203.pdf?new_window=1.

Arrow, Kenneth, “Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention,” In: Nelson, R. (ed), The Rate and Direction of Incentive Activity, Princeton University Press, 1962.

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Electronic Sources of Economics Literature Surveyed

Economic Literature Source Website Address

American Bar Association / Intellectual Property and Antitrust Sections

http://www.americanbar.org/aba.html http://www.americanbar.org/groups/antitrust_law.html http://www.americanbar.org/groups/intellectual_property_law.html

American Economic Association (various publications)

http://www.aeaweb.org

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)

http://www.aicpa.org

Banca d`Italia www.bancaditalia.it

Banco de Espana www.bde.es

Banque de France http://www.banque-france.fr/accueil.html

BNA Antitrust & Trade Reporter

BNA Bloomberg Intellectual Property Resource Center

www.Iplaw.bna.com/Iprc http://www.bna.com/intellectual-property-law-t5946/

BNA World Intellectual Property Report

http://www.bna.com/world-intellectual-property-report-p6798/

Brookings Institution http://www.brookings.edu/

Central Bank Netherlands http://www.dnb.nl

Centre of Economic Policy Research (CEPR)

http://www.cepr.org

CFA Institute https://www.cfainstitute.org/pages/index.aspx

Competition Law 360 http://www.law360.com/competition

Competition Policy International www.competitionpolicyinternational.com

Deutsche Bundesbank www.bundesbank.de

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

http://www.doaj.org/

EconLit http://www.aeaweb.org

EconPapers http://econpapers.repec.org/

European Central Bank http://www.ecb.int

European Commission http://ec.europa.eu/index_en.htm

European Patent Office European Patent Office

Google "Book" http://books.google.com/

Google "Scholar" http://scholar.google.com/

HeinOnline http://www.heinonline.org

IDEAS http://ideas.repec.org

International Monetary Fund http://www.imf.org

IP Law 360 http://www.law360.com/ip

JSTOR http://www.jstor.org/

Lexis/Nexis http://www.lexisnexis.com/en-us/home.page

Page 52: Appendix 4 References References of Legal Literature Austria Ernst

52

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)

http://www.nber.org

National Science Foundation (NSF) http://www.nsf.gov/

Organization for Economic Cooperation

& Development (OECD)

http://www.oecd.org

Social Science Research Network (SSRN) http://www.ssrn.com/

United Nations http://www.un.org/en/

US Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) http://www.bea.gov/

US Census Bureau http://www.census.gov/

US Department of Commerce http://www.commerce.gov/

US Department of Justice/Antitrust

Division

http://www.justice.gov/atr/

US Federal Reserve System & Member

Banks

http://www.federalreserveonline.org/

US Federal Trade Commission http://www.ftc.gov/

US International Trade Commission http://www.usitc.gov/

US Patent & Trademark Office http://www.uspto.gov/

US Small Business Administration http://www.sba.gov/

World Bank http://www.worldbank.org/

World Intellectual Property

Organization

http://www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en

World Trade Organization http://www.wto.org