AutoCAD 2006, ,

AutoCADund LT 2006Zeichnungen, 3D-Modelle, LayoutsWERNER SOMMER

Markt+Technik

KOMPE NDIUMEInfuhrung I Arbeitsbuch I Nachschlagewerk h

I

Auto CAD , ,

. .

2006

004.92 32.973.26-018.1 383 AutoCAD 2006. , , . . . .: -, 2006 . 736 : . AutoCAD 2006 AutoCAD LT 2006. , , , , , , , , , , . -, . , , , . AutoCAD , -. AutoCAD - . , , : , , . , AutoCAD, Windows .

Copyright 2006 by Pearson Education Deutschland GmbH. All rights reserved. First published in the German language under the title "AutoCAD and LT 2006 Kompendium" by Markt+Technik, an imprint of Pearson Education Deutschland GmbH, Munchen.

ISBN 5-9518-0133-8 (.) ISBN 3-8272-6970-9 (.)

Original edition copyright by Pearson Education Deutschland GmbH, 2006 . , 2006

13

! AutoCAD 2006/LT 2006 1. 1.1. 1.2. AutoCAD AutoCAD LT? 1.3. , 1.4. - 1.5.

15 1717 18 18 19 20

2. 2.1. AutoCAD 2.2. AutoCAD 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. , 2.6. 2.7. Zoom () Pan () 2.8. 2.9. 2.10. 2.11. AutoCAD 2.12. 2.13. AutoCAD.

. 2121 23 25 29 32 34 38 44 46 48 52 55 57

3. 3.1. 3.2. , 3.3. 3.4. 3.5. , 3.6. 3.7. 3.8. 3.9. 3.10. 3.11.

5959 61 . 68 69 73 77 79 80 81 82 90

6 3.12. 3.13. 3.14. 3.15. 3.16. 3.17. 3.18. 3.19. FROm () .

AutoCAD 2006 92 96 105 106 111 . 112 114

4. 4.1. , , 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.6. 4.7. .

117117 . 127 130 131 133 136 139

5. 5.1. 5.2. 5.3. 5.4. 5.5. 5.6. 5.7. 5.8. 5.9. 5.10. 5.11. 5.12. 5.13. 5.14. 5.15. . . 5.16. 5.17. 5.18. 5.19. .

141141 143 144 146 150 153 154 158 160 167 169 170 170 172 174 175 177 180 181

*M> : Shift , (. Extend ()) . . Shift - . : 1. . 5.7. . 5.7 1

_ / 4 /

. Extend (), : | Modify () Extend (). !# Extend () Modify () .

5.4.

149

Trim ():Command: _extend Current settings: Projection=UCS, Edge=None Select boundary edges ... Select objects: Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/Undo]: : : = ... ; [////]: , Trim (), : + : Enter. , (. . 5.8 ). , : No edge in that direction. . Undo (), . | : Enter, (. . 5.8 ). , . Undo () Extend (). Trim () (. . 5.8 ). . 5.8 Extend ())

)

) :

150

5. : Shift , (. ). Shift . : 1. (. . 5.9).

. 5.9

i

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,,.

5.5. Fillet () Chamfer () .

Fillet () . . : + Modify () Fillet (). " Modify () Fillet (). : Command: _fillet Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 10.00 Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]: : : = , = 10.00 [////] : , , , . , , . Radius (). Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius =10.00 Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]:r Specify fillet radius : : = , = 10.00

5.5.

151

[////]: : ( , ), . , , . , 0. , . , . . : HI* , . in* , . HI* Shift. I* Polyline () . 7.1 7.2. |"* Undo () () . in* Multiple () . : 1. (. . 5.10). . . 5.10

"

Jy

152

5.

Chamfer () . : Modify () Chamfer (). | Modify () Chamfer (). Fillet (): Command: _chamfer (TRIM mode) Current chamfer Distl = 10.00, Dist2 = 10.00 Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple]: : ( ) : 1 = = 10.00, 2 = 10.00 [//////]: . , , - . , Fillet (), . , , .

Chamfer ():Distance (): . Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple]: d Specify first chamfer distance : 5 Specify second chamfer distance : [//////]: : 5 : Angle (): . Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple]: a Specify chamfer length on the first line : Specify chamfer angle from the first line : [///// /]: : , :

5.6.

153

Method (): . . Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple]: m Enter trim method [Distance/Angle] : [//////]: [/] : , : Command: _chamfer (TRIM mode) Current chamfer Length = 20.00, Angle = 4 5 . 0 Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple]: : ( ) : = = 20.00, =45.00 [//////]:

&- :# . " . , . " Shift. " Polyline () . 7.1. 7.2. I*- Undo () () . > Multiple () .

/3t| jj|j AddRckpwIt

j j j j n Add. Selecl objech

,' Angle and scaleA n f l l e

[0DOoyble Spacing:

~| Create separate batch Diaa aider: ' i Send behind boundary

; Use curterj origin Specified origin

* Double ( ) User defined ( ). 90 .

186

6. ,

Hatch origin ( ) . , ( 0,0). . Click to set new origin ( ) . Default to boundary extents ( ) . Store as Default Origin ( ) . . Hatch (). (. . 6.4). . 6.4

Islands (): (. . 6.5). . Normal () . , , . , . . Outer () , Ignore () . Normal () Outer () . . 6.5 )

.)

)

6.1.

187

in* Object type ( ): (. ) AutoCAD , * . Retain boundaries ( ), (. 7.1 7.2) (. 8.6-8.10). Boundary set ( ): (. ) , . . New () , . : . . , , , (. . 6.6).. 6.6 ) 1- 2-

-

)

: "* Add: Pick points ( ): . , .Pick i n t e r n a l point or [Select objects/remove Boundaries]: .[ /]:

. . , . (. . 6.6 ). . Enter . AutoCAD (. . 6.7). - ( Advanced (), Gap tolerance ()).

188 . 6.7

6. , Boundary Definition ErrorValid boundary not found. ^

The boundary is not dosed, or a boundary object Is not accessible. : Try one of the following: . - Zoom out until at boundaries are visible - Increase the gap tolerance system varial (HWAPTCH). ..; :. : - Cancel the command and make sure at boundary objects form a closed area.

HI* Add: Select objects ( ): |1 . ^^ S e l e c t o b j e c t s or [picK i n t e r n a l point/remove B o u n d a r i e s ] : . [ /]: , , , . . . , , (. . 6.6 ). Enter, . Remove boundaries ( ): * . . , . Enter. * Recreate boundaries ( ): - r r i ( - ^' ). HI* View selections ( ): . |* Inherit properties ( ): . ( ). , . Inherit options ( ) ( ). "'* Options ( ): , . Hatchedit (). , , , Associative ( ). Create separate hatches ( ), ,

6.1.

189

. . "* Preview (): , . :Pick or press Esc to return to dialog or :

Esc, , , >:

: , , ( Preview ()) . Enter () Enter . , ( ), . : 1. Schnitt () Hatch (). Mittellinien (), . 2. Bhatch () ANSI31 1. . . 3. 0. PI, P2 (. . 6.8) . . , . 4. Bhatch (). , 90. , . 4 5 (. . 6.8). 5. Bhatch (). . 6 . Mittellinien ().

. 6.8

190

6. ,

Hatchedit (Peduimpux) , Hatchedit (), : * Modify (), Object () Hatch (). Edit hatch () Modify II * ( II). , . . : * Hatchedit (). , (. 13.1). : 1. Hatchedit () , 0.70, . . 6.9

2. . 6.9. , . . 3. Gesamt (). . Z01-05.DWG.

6.2. , .

, Id () : " Tools (), Inquiry () Id point (). "* Locate point () Inquiry ()

6.2. Command: _id Specify point: X=92.5

191

Y = 120.00

Z = 0.00

: : , =92.5 Y = 120.00 Z = 0.00 , Units (). . , .

, Dist () Dist (), : m* Tools (), Inquiry () Distance i(). * Distance () Inquiry (). Command: ^ Specify f i r s t p o i n t : Specify second p o i n t : Distance = 61.15, Angle in X Plane = 323.9, Y Angle from X Plane = 0.0 Y Delta X = 49.43, Delta Y = - 3 6 . 0 1 , Delta Z = 0.00 : : : = 61.15, X =323.9, Y . X = 0.0 Y X = 49.43, Y = - 3 6 . 0 1 , Z = 0.00 . Angle in XY Plane ( XY) , X. , Angle from XY Plane ( XY) 0. , XY.

, Area () Area (), : * Tools (), Inquiry () Area (). Area () Inquiry ( ).

192

6. ,

, . , . , . Command: _ Specify f i r s t corner point or [Object/Add/Subtract]: Specify next corner point or press E T R for t o t a l : NE : [//]: E T R : NE , , Enter. Specify next corner p o i n t or p r e s s ENTER for Area = 204.19, Perimeter = 68.58 total:

ENTER : Enter - 204.19, = 68.58 . . , . Add/Subtract (/): , , . . . Command: _ Specify first corner point or [Object/Add/Subtract]: a Specify first corner point or [Object/Subtract]: Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD mode): Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD mode): Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD mode): Enter Area = 806.61, Perimeter = 114.12 Total area = 806.61 Specify first corner point or [Object/Subtract]: s : [//]: [/]: ( ): ( ): ( ): Enter = 806.61, 114.12 = 806.61 [/]:

6.2.

.

193

. , . , Object (). V

Object (): , . , : Command: _area Specify f i r s t corner point or [Object/Add/Subtract]: Select objects: Area = 288.94, Circumference = 60.26 : [//]: = 288.94, = 60.26

:

:Area = 7 6 8 . 9 9 , L e n g t h = 1 8 4 . 7 1 = 7 6 8 . 9 9 , = 1 8 4 . 7 1 Add () Subtract () Object (). , , : Command: _area Specify first corner point or [Object/Add/Subtract]: a Specify first corner point or [Object/Subtract]: Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD Specify next corner point or press ENTER for total (ADD Area = 739.94, Perimeter = 109.04 Total area = 739.94 Specify first corner point or [Object/Subtract]: s Specify first corner point or [Object/Add]: (SUBTRACT mode) Select objects: Area = 19.63, Circumference = 15.71 Total area = 720.30 (SUBTRACT mode) Select objects: Enter Specify first corner point or [Object/Add]: Enter

mode): mode): mode): mode): Enter

: [//]: [/]: ( ): ( ): ( ): 7 AutoCAD 2006

194

_ _

6. ,

( ): Enter = 739.94, 109.04 = 739.94 [/]: [/]: ( ) : = 19.63, = 15.71 = 720.30 ( ) : Enter [/]: Enter

: 1. 2. , Id (). 3. .

, List () , List (). , . , List () . : '"# Tools (), Inquiry (), List (). "* List () Inquiry (). Command: _list Select objects: : : . (AutoCAD text window). , Enter . F2 AutoCAD List (). . : Command: _list Select objects: CIRCLE Layer: "KONTUR" center radius circumference area Space: Model space Handle = 405 point, X= 85.00 Y= 90 .00 Z= 15.00 94.25 706.86 0.0000

6.2. LINE Handle from point, to point, Length = 87,00, Delta X Delta Z : : : : , X = 85.00 15.00 94.25 706.86 Layer: "KONTUR" Space: Model space = 4DA X= 137.00 ,Y= 110.00 Z= 0.0000 X= 50.00 Y= 110.00 Z= 0.0000 Angle in XY Plane = 180 = -87,00, Delta Y = 0,00, = 0.0000

195

: "" 405 = 90.00 Z = 0.00

\ : "" : : 4DA , X = 137.00 Y = 110.00 Z = 0.00 , X = 50.00 Y = 110.00 Z = 0.00 87.00, XY = 180 = -87.00, Y= 0.00, Z= 0.00

: 1. .

, Time () , Time (). : Tools (), Inquiry () Time (" ). Command: time Current time: 4 July 2005 at 21:25:03:300 Times for this drawing: Created: 2 July 2005 at 20:40:04:210 Last updated: 8 March 2005 at 13:24:52:620 Total editing time: 1 days 04:07:17.305 Elapsed timer (on): 1 days 04:07:17.335 Next automatic save in: Enter option [Display/ON/OFF/Reset]:

196

_

6. ,

: : 4 2005 , 21:25:03:300 : : 2 2003 , 20:40:04:210 : 8 2005 , 13:24:52:620 : 1 , 04:07:17.305 (): 1 , 04:07:17.305 : [///] ON (), OFF () Reset () . Display () .

, Status () Status () , , , . . F2 . : * Tools (), Inquiry (), Status (). . . Command: status 236 objects in D:\ACAD_examples\P01-04.dwg Model space limits are X: -0.01 Y: -0.01 (Off) X: 420.01 Y: 297.01 Model space uses X: 44.00 Y: 102.93 X: 191.00 Y: 251.50 Display shows X: 64.18 Y: ill.24 X: 289.75 Y: 184.00 Insertion base is X: 0.00 Y: 0.00 Z: 0.00 Snap resolution is X: 10.00 Y: 10.00 Grid spacing is' X: 10.00 Y: 10.00 Current space: Model space Current layout: Model Current layer: "KONTUR" Current color: BYLAYER - 1 (red) Current linetype: BYLAYER - "CONTINUOUS" Current lineweight: BYLAYER Current elevation: 0.00 thickness: 0.00 Fill on Grid off Ortho off Qtext off Snap off Tablet off Object snap modes: Center, Endpoint, Intersection, Midpoint, Quadrant, Extension Free dwg disk (D:) space: 3402.4 Mbytes Free temp disk (D:) space: 3402.4 Mbytes Free physical memory: 49.8 Mbytes (out of 255.6M). Free swap file space: 352.5 Mbytes (out of 618.8M). : 334 C:\ Aufgaben\Z01-05.dwg - : X: -0.00 X: 420.01

Y: -0.00 Y: 297.01

()

6.3. X: 44.00 Y: 102.93 X: 191.00 Y: 251.50 X: 64.18 Y: 111.24 X: 289.75 Y: 184.00 X: 0.00 Y: 0.00 Z: 0.00 X: 10.00 Y: 10.00 X: 10.00 Y: 10.00 : : : "KONTUR" : 1 () : - "CONTINUOUS" : : : 0.00 : 0.00 . . : , , , , , (D:) : 3402.4 MB (D:) : 3402.4 MB : 4 9.8 MB ( 255.6). : 352.5 MB ( 618.8). - -

197

6.3. . , AutoCAD . , , Dimension (), Dimension (- . 6.10).

. 6.10. Dimension () , . , , , Scale () , , . Dimassoc.

. , , , , . , . , .

198

6. ,

AutoCAD , , . / . , 5.1, . , Z01-05.DWG, . 9.6-9.8 .

6.4. . .

Dimlinear () Dimlinear () . : " Dimension () Linear (). Linear Dimension ( ) " Dimension (). Dimlinear () Dimlin () : omma n d: dimlin DIMLINEAR Specify f i r s t extension l i n e o r i g i n or < s e l e c t

object>:

: : , : . , : Specify second extension line origin: : Enter, AutoCAD . Specify f i r s t extension line origin or :Enter

: Enter : (, ). . ( ) :

6.4. Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]

199

:

[/////]: . / utoCAD . . . Horizontal () Vertical (). , , . Rotated () : Specify angle of dimension line : : , AutoCAD , : Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]:

[//]: , . .Dimension text =18.25 =18.25

, : Mtext (): . AutoCAD (. . 6.11). , , , (. . 6.11). / ( ).

. 6.11

200

6. ,

. , 6, : * , , . * , %% (%% , ). - , , , = . . , . / , . , . Text (): , , : Enter dimension text : = : = ( ), . Angle (): .Specify angle of dimension text: 45

: 45 , .

: , AutoCAD , .

Dimaligned () , , Dimaligned () , , , . . , . , Horizontal (), Vertical () Rotated (). : * Dimension () Aligned (). ||"* Aligned dimension ( ) Dimension ().

6.4. : Command: _dimaligned Specify first extension line origin or : Specify second extension line origin: Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: Dimension text = 10.51 : : : [//]: = 10.51

201

: 1. Masse () . , . Schraffur (). 2. Intersection (), Endpoint (), Center () Quadrant (). . . 3. (. . 6.12). 4. (. . 6.12). 5. (. . 6.12) . . 6.12

: , - /? Dimarc. Dimension () Dimension (). ( ) .

202

6. ,

6.5. AutoCAD , . :

Dimbaseline () Dimbaseline () , . : ""+ Dimension () Baseline (). " Baseline dimension ( ) Dimension ().

Dimcontinue () Dimcontinue () , , . . , ( ). : '" Dimension () Continue (). ! Continue dimension ( ) Dimension (). , . Command: dimbaseline dimcontinue Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] : : [/] :

AutoCAD . , , . Select (), Enter. Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] : Select base dimension: Select continued dimension: [/] : Enter : : . Select () . s

6.6.

203

, Dimbaseline () , Dimcontinue () , . :Specify a second extension l i n e origin or [Undo/Select] : [/] :

, . Dimbaseline () . . , Enter . ^ Undo (). : 1. (. . 6.13). 2. (. . 6.13). .

. 6.13

6.6. Dimradius () Dimdiameter ( ).

Dimradius () Dimradius () : Dimension () Radius (). Radius dimension () Di mension ().

204

6. ,

Dimdiameter () Dimdiameter () : * Dimension () Diameter (). " Diameter dimension () &> Dimension (). : Command: dimradius dimdiameter Select arc or circle: : : , . Dimension t e x t = 11.5 Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle] = 11.5 [//]: , . Mtext () , , Text (). Angle () . : Specify dimension l i n e location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]:

[//]: , : . . : 1. (. . 6.14). : , ( ), Dimjogged. Dimension () Dimension (). - ( ), .

6.7. . 6.14

205

) ^~U,81 66,19 113 135

:

I

6.7. Dimangular () . : Dimension () Angular (). in* Angular dimension ( ) Dimension (). , , . :

Command: _dimangular Select arc, circle, line, or : : , , : (.

. 6.15 ).Select second line: : AutoCAD . , . (. . 6.15 ). , (. . 6.15 ). Enter, (. . 6.15 d ): Select arc, circle, line, or : Enter Specify angle vertex: Specify first angle endpoint: Specify second angle endpoint:

206

6. ,

, , : Enter : : : , , : Specify dimension a r c l i n e l o c a t i o n or Dimension t e x t = 4 5 = 4 5 [Mtext/Text/Angle]:

[//]:

180 (. . 6.15 ). , . Mtext () , Angle () . . Dimcontinue () Dimbaseline (). . 6.15 d 6.15 . : 1. A06-01.dwg . 2. , . 6.15. . 6.15 )

d)

) 165'

L06-01.dwg, . : 1. , (. . 6.16). .

6.8. . 6.16

207

: 1. Hatch () . . 2. , . 6.17. . 6.17.

Z01-06.dwg.

6.8. , . AutoCAD : Dtext () Mtext (). Dtext () , , . , , . . . Mtext (). 10.

208

6. ,

, . , Z01-06.dwg .

Dtext () Dtext () . : *- Draw (), Text () Single line text (). Single line text () " Text (). 1 ^ = : Command: d t e x t Current t e x t s t y l e : "STANDARD" Text h e i g h t : 2.50 Specify s t a r t p o i n t of t e x t or [Justify/Style]: : : "" : [/]: 2.50

. , . Enter, . , . , : Point or option keyword required. Current text style: "STANDARD" Text height: 2.50 Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]: . : "" : 2.50 [/]:

. , () . Justify (): , Justify () (. . 6.18).Current text style: "STANDARD" Text height: 2.50 Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]: Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]: j Enter an option [Align/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR]: : "" : 2,50 [/]: [///// ////////]:

6.8.

209

. Right () , Center () , Middle () . Align () . , . Fit () , . , , . , : TL () () TR () ML () () MR () BL () () BR ()

:[Align/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR]: mr Specify middle-right point of text: [///// ////////]: :

. 6.18

^\Q \ /

Style (): , . . 10.

210

6. ,

Current t e x t s t y l e : "STANDARD" Text h e i g h t : 3.50 Specify s t a r t p o i n t of t e x t or [ J u s t i f y / S t y l e ] : s Enter s t y l e name or [?] : : "" : 3.50 [/]: [?] : . ? Enter * , . Enter, . , , . Specify height : Specify rotation angle of text : Enter text: : : : , (. . 10) Align () ( , ). . , Align () Fit (), , . . , . , . Enter . Enter , . , . %%. %%d %% %% %%nnn %%u %% / ( ) ASCII- nnn / /

. , (. . 6.19).

6.9. . 6.19

211

:

: %%8 45%%d 20%%0.1 %%%% %%%% : 08 45* 200.1

:

: 1. Schrift (). 2. , . 6.20. 3. 5 , Dtext () (. . 6.20). 4. . 6.20. Z01-07.dwg . 5. . 15.1 , . . 6.20 -

*

4- :

6.9. AutoCAD , , , . . . , Ddedit ().

212

6. ,

Ddedit () . : * Modify (), Object (), Text (), Edit (). * Edit text ( ) Text (). :, Command: _ddedit S e l e c t - a n a n n o t a t i o n o b j e c t or [Undo]: : []: ( ), (. . 6.21). . . . . . . 6.21

| ] Undo (), , . Ddedit () .

2

, , . 7. 8. , 9. 10. 11. , , 12. 13. , AutoCAD 14. Windows AutoCAD 15. , 16. 17. 18. - 19. 439 471 499 . 513 527 391 425 215 263 279 313 337 381

7

AutoCAD, , . .

7.1. , , , , ( Line ()), AutoCAD .

. : , . "* . " * , . , 0, . , , , . " . Fillet " () Chamfer () . " , Pedit (). + Area () Object () .

216

7.

Pline () Pline (), : * Draw () Polyline (). :

231

Close () Open (): . Move vertex (): . Enter an option [Fit data/Close/Move vertex/Refihe/rEverse/Undo]: m Specify new location or [Next/Previous/Select point/eXit] : [//// /]: [// /] : , Pedit (), Next () Previous () . Select point ( ) . . Refine (): , ( 26). . , . . Enter an option [Close/Move vertex/Refine/rEverse/Undo/eXit] : r Enter a refine option [Add control point/Elevate order/Weight/eXit] : [/////]: [ / / /] : rEverse (): . , .

: " A07-04.dwg . 1. . (. . 7.5). 2. , Splinedit ().

232

7.

7.4. , , . .

Ellipse () AutoCAD . PELLIPSE 0, . 1, . .

Ellipse () Ellipse () : # Draw () Ellipse (), . " * Draw () Ellipse ().

AutoCAD (. . 7.6). : () . Axis, End (, ). Command: _ellipse Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: Specify other endpoint of axis: Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: : [/]:: 1 . 7.6

: 2 []: : . .Center (). Command: _ellipse Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: _c Specify center of ellipse: Specify endpoint of axis: Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: : [/]: : , 4 . 7.6. : 5 []: 6

7.4. ,

233

Rotation (): . . Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: r Specify rotation around major axis: []: R () : , , , .

. . , Center (). . Ellipse arc ( ) Draw () Arc () . Command: ellipse Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: a Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [Center]: Specify other endpoint of axis: Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Specify start angle or [Parameter]: Specify end angle or [Parameter/Included angle]: : [/]: []: : []: []: [/ ]: . Parameter () , .

Polygon (-) Polygon (-) 3 1024. : " Draw () Polygon (-). " Polygon (-) Draw ( ). AutoCAD . : Command: _polygon Enter number of sides :

234

7. Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed Specify radius of c i r c l e :

about c i r c l e ]

: i

: - : []: [ / ] : : . . , , Inscribed () (. . 7.6), , , Circumscribed (). : Command: _polygon Enter number of sides : Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: e Specify first endpoint of edge: Specify second endpoint of edge: . .

: - : []: : : , (. . 7.6).

Donut () Donut () . : * Draw () Donut (). Donut () : Command: donut Specify inside diameter of donut : 100 Specify outside diameter of donut : 200 Specify center of donut or : Specify center of donut or : : , :100 :200 : : Enter

7.5.

235

, Enter.

: , A07-05.dwg . 1. , . 7.6. L07-05.dwg.

. 7.6 ,

:

^

)

,

7.5. AutoCAD Sketch (). , . .

Sketch () , : Command: sketch Record increment : Sketch. Pen exit Quit Record Erase Connect. : : . .i

. . . ( , ). : (): (). ( , ).

236

7. Record (). Quit (): . Record (): . Erase (): , . , , , . Connect (): . . . (): , . : " , , [Enter]. * . . . " SKPOLY 1, . -. - - , . "" , , SKROLY 1, .

. 7.7

: 1. . Sketch ().

7.6.

237

7.6. AutoCAD . .

Revdoud () Revcloud () . : "* Draw () Revision cloud ( ). AutoCAD LT: Tools () Revision cloud (* ). "* Revcloud () Draw (). : Command: _revoloud Minimum arc length: 15 Maximum arc length: 15 Style: Normal Specify start point or [Arc length/Object/Style] : Guide crosshairs along cloud path... Revision cloud finished. : : 15 : 15 : [ //] : ... . . . -, . . (. . 7.8). Enter. Arc length ( ): , . Specify s t a r t point or [Arc length/Object/Style] : Specify minimum length of arc : 10 Specify maximum length of arc : 20 a

[ //] : : 10 : 20 Object (): , . .

238

7.

Style (): . , .

Revdate () Revdate () AutoCAD LT , , , . : ' Tools (), Date and time ( ). . (. . 7.8). . 7.8

* , .

: "" . + (. . 11). (Attedit). HI* TITLE_BLOCK. + , . . ""* , . Options (). : 1. . . 2. . (Attedit).

7.7.

239

7.7. , , , . Acadiso.lin Acltiso.lin. , , -, - , . . , (. . 7.9). , . : . .

: 1. A07-06.dwg . Layerl - Layer5 . 2. . , . . 7.9. L07-06.dwg.

. 7.9 : 1

: 2

: _

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7.8. AutoCAD . AutoCAD LT , (. ). '* , ( 16) ( ). > * Mlstyle ().

240

7.

+ Mline (). " Mledit ().

Mlstyle () Mlstyle (). : j " Format () Multiline style ( ). (. . 7.10) , . . 7.10 Multiline style ( )g l Multiline $tyleCurent Stite STANDARD Si** HOARD SCuiw4 |:l

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Center point ( ): X Y . . Method (): : * Total number of items & Angle to fill ( ): ( ) . , . " Total number of items & Angle between items ( > ): , , , . " Angle to fill & Angle between items ( ): . . . Method () . . . Rotate items as copied ( ): , , . , , , -. More (): (. . 7.25).

254. 7.25

7.

Base point ( ): , . . Set to object's default ( ). , . , , (. ).: 1. A07-ll.dwg . 2. , . 7.27. 36 . , . 7.26. L07-ll.dwg. .726

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255

7.13. /. AutoCAD . -. . , , , - (. 20-22). . , . , , , . (. . 7.29). , . : . , X YMCK. , . -. . AutoCAD 30 150 . Drafting settings ( ) (. . 7.28), Dsettings () ( Tools (), Drafting settings ( )). Snap and grid ( ). , Snap () Settings ( ).

256 . 7.28

7.

Snap type & style ( ) Grid snap ( ) Isometric snap ( ). 5 (. . 7.28). , 30, . F5 Ctrl+E. , - , Ortho () F8.

, . , Isocircle () Ellipse () . Command: ellipse Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center/Isocircle]: i ' Specify center of isocircle: Specify radius of isocircle or [Diameter]: : [//]: []: Isocircle () , . : 1. A07-12.dwg . 2. 10 -.

7.14.

257

3. , . 7.29, , . 100 . . 4. ! . , Isocircle (). L07-12.dwg.

. 7.29

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7.14. . /. AutoCAD () .

Tablet {) Tablet () : "* . AutoCAD (. ). . Tablet () : "* Tools (), Tablet () Calibrate (). : Command: Tablet Enter an option [ON/OFF/CAL/CFG]: : ///:

CAL () AutoCAD. , , . 9 AutoCAD 2006

258

7.

AutoCAD. . . , , . . F4. , . ( ). . , , . , AutoCAD .

7.15. , . . AutoCAD , .

Cal () Cal () , . , , . . , . . 'Cal ('). Command: c a l > Expression: 9-5+5/2+ sqr(5) 31.5 : > : 9-5+5/2+ sqr(5) 31.5

:Command: line Specify first point: 'cal > Expression: [010+7.5,15-8.75] Specify next point or [Undo]: : : ' > :[910+7.5,15-8.75] : . .

7.15.

259

, , , . AutoCAD.

: Cal () . Command: c a l > Expression: 3*7+sqrt(16) 25 : > : 3*7+sqrt(16) 25 : Command: c a l > Expression: dee > Select one endpoint for DEE: > Select another endpoint for DEE: 23.0416 : > : DEE > DEE: > DEE: 23.0416 . Endpoint (). Cal () . , . Command: circle Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 100,100 Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] : 'cal > Expression: rad > Select circle, arc or polyline segment for RAD function: 25 : [/2/ ( )]: , 100,100 [] : ' > : RAD > , RAD: 25 .

260

7.

Cal () . , .Command: circle Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: cal > Expression: mee > Select one endpoint for MEE: > Select another endpoint for MEE: (250.0 300.0 0.0) Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] : 5 : [/2/ ( )]: ' > : > : > : (250.0 300.0 0.0) [] : 5

Cal () .Command: c a l > Expression: pl=cen+[10,10] > Select entity for CEN snap: (280.0 150.0 0.0) Command: line Specify first point: 'cal > Expression: pi (280.0 150.0 0.0) : > : pl=CEN+[10,10] > CEN-: (280.0 150.0 0.0) : : ' >: pi (280.0 150.0 0.0)

. , . .

7.15.

261

. QuickCalc, Standard (). ( , ) . ( ). . 7.30 AutoCAD

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Fixed length extension lines ( ) Length () roc ibi> ( ; ) (. . 9.17). . 9.17 .2 ,, .27 ,

9.7.

295

Symbols and arrows ( ) Symbols and arrows ( ) , (. . 9.18). . 9.18 5:AJternateUniti-i Totof'anc.

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Arrowheads (): Arrowheads () . , . . 9.19 . , , , , . User arrow () . , . Arrow size () , , , (. . 9.19 ). Center marks ( ): - ( Mark ( )), ( Line ( )) (None ()). Size () , Line ( ) (. . 9.19 d).. 9.19) 35 35

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296

9.

Arc length symbol ( ): , ( ), ( ) ( ). Radius dimension jog ( ): , , . : ( ). . Flip arrow ( ).

Text () Text () (. . 9.20). . 9.20

Toft Tdrtyte Text color Flcolor 1 Text height' : Fiecton height (caie \ Q Draw liamo sound text Tad placrfieni I Vwbcel: JAb ( Non

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Text appearance ( ): Text style ( ) . Text style ( ) (. 6.8), . , , Text height ( ). Text color ( ) . Text height ( ) . Fraction height scale ( ) , Tolerance () . . Draw frame around text ( ) , . .

9.7.

297

Text placement ( ): Vertical ( ) : (. . 9.21 ). Horizontal ( ) (. . 9.21). Offset from dim line ( ) , . . 9.21 )

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298 . 9.23 Fit ()

9.

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Fit options ( ): , , : " Either the text or the arrows ( , ( > )): , . ( ). |* Arrows (): . "* Text (): . Both text and arrows ( ): , , , . ""# Always keep text between ext lines ( ): , . Suppress arrows if they don't fit inside ( , " ): , . Text placement ( ): : "|* Beside the dimension line ( ): . Over the dimension line, with a leader ( ): . . , " Over the dimension line, without a leader (He ): . . Scale for dimension features ( ): Use overall scale of ( ): ( , , . .) .

9.7.

299

, . , AutoCAD . : AutoCAD 1:1 . , . . , , . , 100 (1:100), 3.5 ( ), 350. . 100. . " * Scale dimensions to layout ( ): , ( , , . .) . , 16. Fine tuning ( ): Place text manually ( ): * , . | Draw dim lines between ext lines ( ): , .

Primary units ( ) AutoCAD , . . Primary units ( ) (. . 9.24). . 9.24

300

9.

Linear dimensions ( ): . ! Unit format ( ) . Decimal (). . Windows Desktop , Windows. * Precision (): . Fraction format ( ): " (, 5 '/ ) Diagonal ( ), Horizontal ( ) Not stacked ( ). * Decimal separator ( ): : , . Round off (): 0 | , (. . 9.27 d). Prefix () Suffix (): -. ( ) (. . 9.27 ). + Measurement scale ( ): " Scale factor (): . , (. . 9.27 ). | Apply to layout dimensions only ( ): , , . . 20. Zero suppression ( ): Leading () Trailing () , . , 0.5000 , Trailing () 0.5, Leading () .5000, .5. 0 Feet (0 ) 0 Inches (0 ) . Angular dimensions ( ): . , .

Alternate units ( ) Alternate units ( ) , , (. . 9.25). Display alternate units ( ) (. . 9.27 ).

9.7. . 9.25

301

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Alternate units ( ): , , , . - Multiplier for alt units ( ) : , 0.039370 . Zero suppression ( ): Leading () Trailing () , . Placement () After primary value ( ) Below primary value ( ). [...].|

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9.8.

303

1. Dimstyle (), Dimension style ( ) Format (), Style () Dimension (). Dimension style manager ( ) Styles (). (. . 9.28) Styles () . , ISO-25, , .

2.

. 9.28

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3.

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New style name ( ) . Copy of X ( X). . Start with ( ) , . , . Use for () All dimensions ( ) , , (. ). All dimensions ( ). Continue (). . . (. . 9.28), . , Description () , , , .

304

9.

1. 2. 3. Dimstyle (), . , , ISO-25, New (). , Use for () , (. . 9.30). , .Create New Dimension Style Mew Style Name: Start With: Use for [ Continue | i ilSO-25 1^ t * i J . ^ ^ B t ! ^ | Cancel j

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Continue (), . , . , (. . 9.31). . Dimension Style Manager Current Dimslj>le: ISO-25 Styles^ __ ISO-25 Radial : Preview of; ISO-25: Radial

. 9.31

ISO-25 + deviation On

1. 2. 3. Dimstyle (), . . Modify (), . , Close () . . , , .

9.8.

305

, . Modify (). . .

. . : + Dimension () Styles () , ... "" ... Dimstyle (), . Set current ().|

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, , . , 1. Dimstyle (), . 2. , Override (). . () (. . 9.32). 3. Close (). , .

. 9.32

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306

9.

: 1. Dimstyle (), . 2. , Delete () Rename (). !" , . . ""* Del. " , .

, : 1. Dimstyle (), . 2. Compare (). 3. (. . 9.33). . 4. Windows.

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4 Compare Dimension Style?* Compare: With: ' ISO 25 AutoCAD found 2 differences: j Description; : : " Variable i f t a r j ' c a d dim"pgangle I To! deviation DIMTOL MyOwnStyle ISO-25 45 * 90 On Off

, : 1. List ( ) : (All styles) , (Styles in use). 2. Don't list styles in Xrefs ( -) (. 11.11). : 1. A09-05.dwg . 2. (. . 9.34), . .

9.9. PASSUNG: RAD-DUR: STANDARD: STRICH: TOLERANZ-1:

307

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308

9.

'* 1: , , . , . * 2: . . , , . DIMASSOC . Options () (. .4) . - : . * (. 13.1). * . in* {. 16). .

Dimreassociate () Dimreassociate () , . : in* Dimension () Reassociate dimensions ( ). Command: _dimreassociate Select dimensions to reassociate . . . Select objects: Specify first extension line origin or [Select object] : Specify second extension line origin : : ... : , [ ] : : . , .

Dimdisassociate () Dimdisassociate () , . , :

9.10. Command: dimdisassociate Select dimensions to disassociate ... Select objects: 1 disassociated. : : : 1.

309

. : 1. A09-06.dwg . 2. , , . 9.35. 3. L09-06.dwg . . 9.35 50 i

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Dimtedit () Dimtedit () . : #- Dimension (), Align text ( ) , ().

310

9.

"* Dimension text edit ( ) Dimension (). Dimtedit () : Command: _dimtedit Select dimension: Specify new location for dimension text or [Left/Right/Center/Home/Angle]: : : [//// . ]: , . . , . Left () Right () , , . () . Angle () .

Dimedit () Dimedit () , . . . : " Dimension () Oblique (). '"4- Dimension (), Align text ( ) (). * Dimension edit ( ) Dimension (). Dimedit () : Command: _dimedit Enter type of dimension editing. [Home/New/Rotate/Oblique] : : [///] : Oblique () . Rotate () . () . , . Enter type of dimension editing [Home/New/Rotate/Oblique] : Select objects: Select objects: Enter Enter obliquing angle (press ENTER for none): [///] : , ,

9.10. : : Enter ( , ):

311

. , . New () , . . , , , : . , . . , , . , , , (, ) . . , . .

Dimoverride () , Dimoverride (). : " Dimension () Override (). Dimoverride () : Command: _dimoverride Enter dimension variable name to override or [Clear overrides]: dimtxt Enter new value for dimension variable : 5 Enter dimension variable name to override: Select objects: : [ ]: , Dimtxt : , , 5 : Enter, : . , Enter, . . .

312

9.

Clear overrides ( ), .

Update () ( ). : "* Dimension () Update (). ||* Dimension update ( ) Dimension (). , . : 1. A09-07.dwg . 2. , , . 9.36. 3. L09-07.dwg

Ddedit () 6.9. Ddedit (). . . (. 6.9) . , Text formatting ( ).

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55

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10.1. , , . Dtext (). , , , , .

Mtext () , . , . Mtext () : !"# Draw (), Text () Multiline text (). '" Multiline text () Draw () Text (). Mtext () : Command: _mtext Current text style: "Standard" Text height: 2.5 Specify first corner: Specify opposite corner or [Height/Justify/Line spacing/Rotation/Style/Width]: : : "" , : 5 : [// / //]: . . , , , !

314

10.

. . (. ) . : Height (): . , . Style (): . Rotation (): . Justify (): . Specify opposite corner or [Height/Justify/Line spacing/Rotation/Style/Width]: j Enter justification [TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR] : MR [// / //]: [////////] : , : TL() () TR MR BL BR () () () () () () ML ()

Line spacing ( ): . : Specify opposite corner or [Height/Justify/Line spacing/Rotation/Style/Width]: [// ///]: , (. . 10.1). Width (): . , , (. . 10.1).

10.1.

315

, , .

(. . 10.1) , , . . 10.1 fStmdadV ^ t-lv' if

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Almost Equal Angle Boundary Line Center line Delta Electrical PhaseHOWL

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Character Set Cancel Fl

Identity Initial Length Monument Line Not Equal Omega Property line Subscript 2 Squared Cubed

UUiLJH\U+03A9 \LH-214A \J+2082 \U4-OOB2 \U4-0063

Non-breaking Space Ctrl+Shft+Space Other...

Undo () Redo (): (. : ). Cut (), () Paste (): Windows . Learn about Mtext ( ): AutoCAD 2006. Show toolbar ( ), Show options ( ), Show ruler ( ) Opaque background (): , . Symbol (): . Other () Windows (. . 10.8). : 1. . 2. . 3. Select () .

10.1.

319

4. 5.

() . AutoCAD Paste () .

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Justification (): - libiiil ^ i pSFlW i (. ). ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ , .

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320

10.

Find and replace ( ): , , (. . 10.10).. 10.10

Find and ReplaceFind what: Refilacewith: [

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1. . 2. Mtext (). . R TF- TEXT.R TF . 3. . . , .

10.2. AutoCAD , , . \Program Files\AutoCAD 2006\Fonts .shx , . , AutoCAD TrueType- Windows.

10.2.

321

Style () . . . Style () Dtext () Mtext (). Style () . : "I* Format () Text style ( ). * Text style ( ) Text () Styles (). (. . 10.11) . New () . Font name ( ) . TrueType, , : , , . . Font style () . Height () . , , Dtext () Mtext () . , 0. Use big font ( ), ( ) SHX-. : , () ( ). Width factor ( ) . 1, , 1 . Oblique angle ( ) . . , .. 10.11 Text Style

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322

10.

, Style name ( ), Apply (). . , Rename (), . , Style name ( ) Delete ().

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10.3. AutoCAD, , , . . . Ddedit ().

Ddedit () Ddedit () . : " Modify (), Object () Text (), Edit (). "* Edit () Text (). Ddedit () : Command: ddedit, Select an annotation object or [Undo]:

10.3.

.

323

: - []: , , (. . 10.13). , .

. 10.13. , , (. . 10.1). , , . Undo () .

: Dded.it () .

Scaletext () Scaletext () . : " Modify (), Object (), Text () > Scale (). Scale ( ) Text | (). Scaletext () : Command: _scaletext Select objects: Enter a base point option for scaling [Existing/Align/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/ TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR] : : : [////// ////////] : : , . Dtext () Mtext (). Existing () . Specify new height or [Match object/Scale factor] : [ /] :

324

10.

: . . Match object ( ): . , . Scale factor (): .

Justifytext () Justifytext () . : "* Modify (), Object (), Text () Justify (). |* Justify ( ) Text (). Justifytext () : Command: j u s t i f y t e x t Select objects: Enter a j u s t i f i c a t i o n option [Left/Align'/Fit/Center/Middle/Right/TL/TC/TR/ML/MC/MR/BL/BC/BR] : : : [//////////// //]:: : . .

10.4. AutoCAD , .

Spell (). : " Tools () Spelling (). , ( All () ). (. . 10.14).

10.4. . 10.14 Hcheck SpellingCurrent dictionary: - Current word American English

325

1

Suggestions:

Text Test Tests

Change Dictionaries... Context Tekst lor spelling

. . Suggestions () . : * Ignore () . in* Ignore all ( ) , . " * Change () Suggestions (). in* Change all ( ) , . , / Add () . Lookup () , , Suggestions (). Change dictionaries ( ) (. . 10.15). . 10.15 Change Dictionaries

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326

10.

-, . , Browse (). . Add (). Delete () . : 1. . . 2. .

10.5. AutoCAD , , .

Find () Find (). Find () : "" Edit () Find (). !" Find () Text (). " Find () , . (. . 10.16) .

. 10.16

I Object type: M text e SSHfit * 01 ^ J>

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10.5. , . .

327

Find (): . Context () (. . 10.16). Replace (): . , . Find next ( ): Find () Find next ( ). , . Replace all ( ): . Select all ( ): , . , Search in ( ) Current selection ( ). Zoom to (): . , .

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Include () , . Match case ( ) . Find whole words only ( ) .

: 1. .

328

10.

10.6. AutoCAD , . : " , . * . |'* . '* .. .

Field () . : " Insert () Field (). , (. . 10.18). . 10.18 Fieldnames; 1 CurrentSheetSet ! CurrentSheetSetCustom I CurrentSheetSetDescriptio | CurrentSheetSetPro)ectMrl I CurrentSheetSetProjectNa X CurcentSheetSetProjertNu - a I CurrentSheetSetProjectPhi ; ;Current5heetSubSet I iCurrentSheetTitle I iipioselExpresfflpn Ifomfc I Hyper Ink 'iHyperlinkflase 1 Keywords L 5 d Rtenaw \f "

Path and filename [ 3 Display Ha extension

Field category ( ). : * All (). . " Other (). . " + Date and time ( ). , , . " Document (). : * , , (. 14.1). * Objects (). , , , . .

10.6. '" Sheetset ( ). .

329

Plot (). , , , , . . Linked (). . Field names ( ). . Field expression ( ). . . , . , : Command: _Field Current t e x t s t y l e : "" Text h e i g h t : Specify s t a r t p o i n t or [ H e i g h t / J u s t i f y ] : 3.50

: - : "" : 3.50 [/]: . . , Height (). , Justify () , (. 10.1). , , , . . , , , : . . . . , , . , Updatefield, . .

Dtext () Insert field ( ). .

Mtext (^, - Q I Insert field ( ) (. . 10.7) . . , . , .

330

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10.7.

331

10.7. AutoCAD 2006 LT 2006 . .

Table (). (. 10.1), . Table () : * Draw () Table (). " Table () Draw ("). (. . 10.21)

. 10.21

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, . , , , . Table style name ( ) . Tablestyle (), (. ). . . Insertion behavior ( ). : (Specify insertion point), (Specify window). . Column & w settings ( ). . , , . . . Row height ( ) , .

332

10.

Specify window ( ) (. ), (. . 10.22).

. 10.22

Insert Table } : Table StySe Sefthgs jtyte name: (standard Specify, insertion point

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13.6.

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443

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