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Computational Photonics

Jena, 15 April 2015 Thomas Pertsch Institut für angewandte Physik & Abbe School of Photonics Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena

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ena Photolithography

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ena Nanostructures for photon management in solar cells

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milling with focused ion beam

slice recording with SEM

Solar Cell Reconstruction

1 µm

Protective layer for FIB slicing

a-Si:H pin (~475nm)

Asahi U-type, ~625nm

ZnO (~80nm) Aluminum (~100nm)

ion beam

protective Pt layer

y x

Z

q

Commercial a-Si:H module 𝜂 ≈ 7%

Reconstructed Interfaces: TCO

FIB Slicing Parameters: Step size (y) = 25 nm Pixel size (x, z) = 4.47 nm

Reconstructed Interfaces: Metal Back Contact

FIB Slicing Parameters: Step size (y) = 25 nm Pixel size (x, z) = 4.47 nm

Surface Statistics

Height Distribution Metal Height Distribution TCO

𝜎RMS = 37.7 nm 𝜎RMS = 34.7 nm

Surface Statistics

Autocorrelation

Electro-Optical Properties

Absorption back contact?

EQE / Reflectance

Simulation of light trapping properties

Silicon (µc-Si, no abs.) 66 nm

Silicon (µc-Si) 133 nm

ZnO - 80nm

Aluminum / Silver 100 nm

Glass (no abs.)

Glass (no abs.)

PML

PML

Periodic

Symmetries

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ena Quantify surface roughness effects

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ena Integrated optical ADD/DROP multiplexer

SOI ring resonator

13 source: www.jcmwave.com

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SP, J

ena Coupled microresonators

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SP, J

ena Coupled microresonators

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ena Coupled microresonators

mapped intensity distribution (reflection signal)

•10 µm •1

0 µm

symmetric mode anti-symmetric mode

calculated intensity distribution

simul

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ena Photonic crystal

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SP, J

ena Photonic crystal fibers

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ena Necessary to overcome experimental restrictions

rigorous solution of Maxwell’s equations including complex material models

150 nm

700 nm

Au spirals

Poyn

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Photonics Computing Cluster PhoClus

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• 282 nodes with 2388 CPU cores (up to 2.7 GHz clock rate) • nodes with up to 512 GB main memory à S 12 TB main memory • nodes connected by InfiniBand QDR with 40 GB/s • RAID-5 lustre file system • Green IT system = energy-saving low-voltage processors (~50 W)

High Performance Computing ≠ High Availability Data Systems

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Blue Gene/P supercomputer at Argonne National Lab with >250,000 processors

General-purpose computing on graphics processing units – GP-GPU

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NVIDIA Tesla K80 (not a GeForce) • up to 4992 cores (clock 1.33GHz) • up to 24 GB memory • 512-bit memory bus • peak memory bandwidth of 480 GB/s • X00 W

GRID Computing = slow communication

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Supercomputing power [kW] •24

Computing efficiency •25

High performance computing @ faculty of physics & astronomy in Jena

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Research Institute of Condensed Matter Theory and Solid State Optics

• Prof. Peschel – nonlinear optics, nonlinear dynamics, nano optics • Prof. Botti – condensed matter theory

Institute of Material Science and Material Technology

• Prof. Sierka – computational material science Institute of Theoretical Physics

• Prof. Brügmann – numerical relativity • Prof. Ansorg – conformal methods in theoretical physics

Helmholtz Institute Jena

• Dr. Rykovanov – laser plasma generation and particle acceleration Institute of Applied Physics

• Prof. Pertsch – experimental and computational nano optics