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Bernhard Wolfslehner
Forest ecosystem services – a role
in rural development?
Goc, 19/05/2016
The story changed a bit…
…since von Carlowitz’ Silvicultura oeconomica (1713)
„Wird derhalben die größte Kunst/Wissenschaft/Fleiß und Einrichtung hiesiger Lande darinnen beruhen / wie einesothane Conservation und Anbau des Holtzes anzustellen / daß es eine continuierliche beständige und nachhaltendeNutzung gebe / weiln es eine unentberliche Sache ist / ohne welche das Land in seinem Esse nicht bleiben mag.“
ES – more than forest functions
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Source: Metro Vancouver
this should fit to sustainable forest management
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protectionbiomass
hunting
biodiversity
recreation
water resources
Climate mitigation
Main forest ecosystem services
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19.05.2016 7
Advanced multifunctional forest management in European mountain ranges 7
Future ecosystem service demands
„3 most relevant ES in future“
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timber, nature conservation, recreation
Potentials for the Western
Balkans?
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The role of biodiversity in South-Eastern Europe
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Source: Petit et al. (2003) Science
Multispecies genetic divergence of each of 25 forests studied
Mountain Forests in the Western
Balkans
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• provisioning of ecosystem
services for both rural and
urban areas
• mountain areas are
biodiversity hotspots
• But: economic constraints
• Handicapped in management
activities wrt infrastructure &
logistics
• mountain areas are „Less
Favored Areas“
Benefitting in the Danube region
• Maintain biodiversity &
landscapes
• Watershed management
• Enhance connectivity for
marketing and tourism
• Develop a knowledge
society
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Coppice forests –bush with potential
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coppiceagroforestry.com
• Rich in biodiversity
• Important source for
energy wood
• Better management
concepts needed for
provision of multiple ES
So- everything out there – what is
the problem?
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How about marketing and
innovation?
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Advanced multifunctional forest management in European mountain ranges 14
• Wood mobilisation
• Meeting bioenergy policy goals leads to intensified utilization (extraction of
additional assortments)
• Biodiversity and nature conservation
• high share of Natura 2000 sites in mountain and alluvial regions
• interest in strict conservation (setting aside; no management)
• Climate change & adaptation needs
• change in species composition & forest management
• Rural development
• most relevant for forest management is ownership structure
• social changes in small scale ownerships lead to new „natural forests“
drivers for European forests affect ES
What are the synergies and
trade-offs?
Market and non-market ES
• Marketable ES -> finding markets, brands, new products,
business development, cooperations, etc.
• Non-marketable ES -> compensation, payment for ES
• Quantification, stock-taking, mapping and goal setting
• Valuation of non-marketed ES
• Cost of provision of non-marketed ES
• Economic instruments for non-marketed ES
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So – innovation is needed
A few examples
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Example: The Borgatoro Mushroom
trail (Emilia-Romagna)This trail was developed with support from the EU Leader initiative to give a
thematic identity to a regional; development initiative built around the Boletus
mushrooms which are found widely in the area (“territorial marketing”).
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Example: The Alpannonia Long-
distance hiking trail (Austria)This project supported both by EU Leader and Objective 1 support
comprises a 100km trail targeted at hikers for pleasure. The trail descends
from the high mountains through the Alpine pasture region and forested
mountains to rolling hills in wine regions until it ends at the edge of the
Pannonian plane in Hungary .
New markets - Carbon trade and
bioenergy
Trade with forest goods
Spiritual or cultural services
Eco-sponsoring, donations, gifts, certification
Innovation needs for rural areas
• Stipulate innovations in traditionally inert production
systems incl. adaptation strategies
• more coherent policy systems wrt natural resources
• advanced value chains -> creating value added
• New marketing schemes for ecosystem services
• create business friendly environment
• horizontal and vertical cooperations to unravel
cross-sectoral synergies in production & marketing
• collaboration and exchange with research to gain
access to information, knowledge, and funding
• „legal and institutional certainty, law enforcement“
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Thank your for your attention
Dr. Bernhard Wolfslehner
European Forest Institute
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