Integration of Renewable Energies

Thomas Hamacher

Chair for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Systems

24.10.2014

2

The solution space

Challenges to integrate intermittent power sources

Integration of

intermittent renewable

power sources

Sector CouplingFlexible DemandLarge Power GridsElectricity Storage

3

Challenges to integrate intermittent renewable energies

Source: BMWi

4

Overproduction

When are problems expected?

Source: Schaber

5

Vision

A European Super Grid

6

European Super-Grid:

Extending the power grid

7

Wind dominates

A European “Super-Grid”

8

Focus on Germany

The possible role of storage

9

Possible development of the German power system.

Electricity Storage Options

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Year

Ele

ctr

icit

y G

en

era

tio

n i

n T

Wh

RES & CHP Curtailment

Storages

Solar

Wind - Offshore

Wind - Onshore

Hydro

CHP

Geothermal

Biomass

Oil

Gas Turbine

CCGT

Hard Coal

Hard Coal 700°C

Lignite

Lignite 700°C

Nuclear

61405B13

Source: Kuhn, P; Kühne, M.; Heilek, C.: Integration und Bewertung erzeuger- und verbraucherseitiger Energiespeicher, KW21-Bericht, 2012

10

80 % renewable power, 15 % less demand

0

500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

3.000

3.500

4.000

4.500

5.000

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Year

Ins

tall

ed

Sto

rag

e C

ap

ac

ity

in

GW

h

H2-CCGT

AA-CAES

PSP

PSP(existing)

61412B13

0

500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

3.000

3.500

4.000

4.500

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Year

Ins

tall

ed

Sto

rag

e C

ap

ac

ity

in

GW

h

H2-CCGT

AA-CAES

PSP

PSP(existing)

61412D13

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.000

40.000

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Year

Ins

tall

ed

Ch

arg

ing

Po

we

r in

MW

H2-CCGT

AA-CAES

PSP

PSP(existing)

61413D13

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.000

40.000

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Year

Ins

tall

ed

Dis

ch

arg

ing

Po

we

r in

MW

H2-CCGT

AA-CAES

PSP

PSP(existing)

61414D13

Source:

Kuhn, P; Kühne, M.; Heilek, C.:

Integration und Bewertung erzeuger- und verbraucherseitiger

Energiespeicher, KW21-Bericht, 2012

Charging Discharging

Capacity

11

Power

12

13

Creating a “real” demand curve for electricity

Flexible demand

MPCelectrical

HVAC systembuilding

electricity price,weather data

self-adaptingmodel

€ °C

14

Solutions exist,

Summary and Outlook

Technology:

• Different technological options exist to allow a high share of renwable power sources in the grid like

Super Grids, advanced electricity storage technologies and sector coupling.

• Maturity of the technologies is not guaranteed

• A „best“ option is difficult to identify and depends on many constraints

Legislation:

• Energy legislation is quite complex and uses many different tools

• New tarif structures are vital to enable many of the new technologies like flexibel demand options

Cooperation:

• Cooperation between countries and even continents is vital to strengthen technological developments

• Mistakes can be avoided