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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 1
Huawei Confidential
Contents
Name LTE Network Planning
Purpose To Introduce the LTE basic principle, network planning method and RNP solution
Key Message LTE has the fat network architecture and physical layer applies
OFM technology! as well as the M"MO! "C"C! etc#LTE network planning includes co$erage! capacity planning# Link
%udget and capacity estimation are introduced in these slides#
"n &NP solution! you can 'nd the introduction o( &NP tools!
per(ormance enhancement (eatures and other solution that
customer will concern! such as the inter(erence a$oidance and co)antenna analysis
*udience Global C&i RNP engineers, product manager and account managers with wireless
background
knowledge
+ersion "n(ormation
+ersions Creator,-ta. " *ppro$er,-ta. " &elease dept#
!"#$%"$$""
'
Cui (ong)eng*+'-
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Charter 1 LTE PrinciplesCharter 1 LTE Princi
ples
Charter 2 LTE Network Planning
Charter 3 LTE RNP Solutions
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LTE Network .rchitecture Main Network Element of LTE
The E-UTRAN consists of eNo!e"s, providing
the user plane and control plane.
The EP consists of MME, S#$ and P#$.
RR! Radio Resource ontrol
P"P! Pac#et "ata onvergenceProtocol
R$! Radio $in# ontrol
%A! %ediu& Access ontrol
P'(! Ph)sical la)er
EP! Evolved Pac#et ore
%%E! %o*ilit) %anage&ent Entit)
+-! +erving atea)P-! P"N atea)
Compare with traditional /0network! LTE architecture %ecomes
much more simple and fat! which
can lead to lower networking cost!
higher networking fe1i%ility and
shorter time delay o( user data and
control signaling#
Network %nterface of LTE
The e-Node/s are interconnected ith each other *) &eans of the &2 interface, hich ena*ling direct
trans&ission of data and signaling.
S1 is the interface *eteen e-Node/s and the EP, &ore specificall) to the %%E via the +1-%%E
and to the +- via the +1-U
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eNo!e hosts the following functions' unctions for Radio Resource %anage&ent! Radio /earer
ontrol, Radio Ad&ission ontrol, onnection %o*ilit)
ontrol, ")na&ic allocation of resources to UEs in *oth
uplin# and donlin# scheduling4
5P header co&pression and encr)ption of user data strea&4
+election of an %%E at UE attach&ent4
Routing of User Plane data toards +erving atea)4
+cheduling and trans&ission of paging and *roadcast
&essages originated fro& the %%E4
%easure&ent and &easure&ent reporting configuration for&o*ilit) and scheduling4
MME (Mo)ilit* Management Entit*+ hosts the
following functions' NA+ signaling and securit)4
A+ +ecurit) control4
5dle state &o*ilit) handling4
EP+ Evolved Pac#et +)ste& *earer control4
+upport paging, handover, roa&ing and authentication.
S#$ (Ser,ing #atewa*+ hosts the following functions'
Pac#et routing and forarding4 $ocal &o*ilit) anchor point for
handover4 $aful interception4 U$ and "$ charging per UE, P"N,
and 654 Accounting on user and 65 granularit) for inter-
operator charging.
P#$ (P-N #atewa*+ hosts the following functions'
Per-user *ased pac#et filtering4 UE 5P address allocation4 U$
and "$ service level charging, gating and rate enforce&ent4
LTE Network Element /unction
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Introduction o) LTE Radio Protocol0tack
Two Planes in LTE Ra!io Protocol' .serplane! or user data transfer
Controlplane! or s)ste& signaling
transfer
Main /unctions of .serplane' 'eader o&pression
iphering +cheduling
AR68'AR6
Main /unctions of Controlplane'
R$ and %A la)ers perfor& the sa&e functions as
for the user plane
P"P la)er perfor&s ciphering and integrit) protection
RR la)er perfor&s *roadcast, paging, connection
&anage&ent, R/ control, &o*ilit) functions, UE
&easure&ent reporting and control
NA+ la)er perfor&s EP+ *earer &anage&ent,
authentication, securit) control
.serplane protocol stack
Controlplane protocol stack
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Ra!io /rame Structures Supporte! )* LTE' T)pe 1, applica*le to ""
T)pe 2, applica*le to T""
/-- Ra!io /rame Structure' $TE applies :"% technolog), ith su*carrier spacing ∆f;17#'< and 2=0>-
order 5T. The ti&e unit in fra&e structure is Ts;182=0>? 17=== second
"" radio fra&e is 1=&s shon as *elo, divided into 2= slots hich are
=.7&s. :ne slot consists of @ consecutive :"% +)&*ols under Nor&al P
configuration
/-- Ra!io /rame Structure
Concept of Resource "lock' $TE consists of ti&e do&ain and freuenc) do&ain resources 0 The minimum unit for
sche!ule is R" (Resource "lock+, hich co&pose of RE Resource Ele&ent
RE has 2-di&ension structure! s)&*ol of ti&e do&ain and su*carrier of freuenc) do&ain
:ne R/ consists of 1 slot and 12 consecutive su*carriers under Nor&al P configuration
Radio /rame 0tructure 1"2
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T-- Ra!io /rame Structure'
Applies :"%, sa&e su*carriers spacing and
ti&e unit ith "".
+i&ilar fra&e structure ith "". radio fra&e is
1=&s shon as *elo, divided into 2= slots
hich are =.7&s.
The uplin#-donlin# configuration of 1=&s
fra&e are shon in the right ta*le.
.plink!ownlink Configurations
.plink!ownlink
configuration
-ownlinkto.plink
Switchpointperio!icit*
Su)frame num)er
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
= 7 &s " S U U U " S U U U
1 7 &s " S U U " " S U U "
2 7 &s " S U " " " S U " "3 1= &s " S U U U " " " " "
0 1= &s " S U U " " " " " "
7 1= &s " S U " " " " " " "
9 7 &s " S U U U " S U U "
(wPT03 (ownlink Pilot Time 0lotGP3 Guard Period4pPT03 4plink Pilot Time 0lot
T-- Ra!io /rame
Structure
(3 (ownlinksub)rame43 4plink sub)rame
03 0pecial sub)rame
Radio /rame 0tructure 12
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Radio /rame 0tructure 1+2 CP Length Configuration'
)clic PrefiB is applied to eli&inate 5+5 of
:"%.
P length is related ith coverage
radius. Nor&al P can fulfill the
reuire&ent of co&&on scenarios.
EBtended P is for ide coverage
scenario.
$onger P, higher overheading.
Configuration-L 8/-M CP
Length.L SC/-M9 CP
LengthSu)carrierof each R"
S*m)ol ofeach slot
NormalCP
∆f;17#'<19= for slot C=
100 for slot C1DC9
19= for slot C=
100 for slot C1DC9 "5
E:ten!e!CP
∆f;17#'< 712 for slot C=DC7 712 for slot C=DC7 9
∆f;@.7#'< 1=20 for slot C=DC2 NU$$ 20 "$ onl) 3 "$ onl)
CP Configuration
Slot structure un!er
Normal CP configuration
( f;1k
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6rie) Introduction o) Ph7sicalChannels
-ownlink Channels Ph)sical /roadcast hannel P"C
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(ownlink Ph7sical Channel -ownlink Ph*sical Channel Processing
scram)ling of co!e! )its in each of the co!e wor!s to )e transmitte! on a ph*sical channel
mo!ulation of scram)le! )its to generate comple:,alue! mo!ulation s*m)ols
mapping of the comple:,alue! mo!ulation s*m)ols onto one or se,eral transmission la*ers
preco!ing of the comple:,alue! mo!ulation s*m)ols on each la*er for transmission on the antenna ports
mapping of comple:,alue! mo!ulation s*m)ols for each antenna port to resource elements
generation of comple:,alue! time!omain 8/-M signal for each antenna port
Mo!ulation Scheme of
-ownlink Channel
+hon at the right ta*le
Phy ChModulation
-chemePhy Ch
Modulation
-cheme
P6C9 :P0; PC/IC9 :P0;
P(CC9 :P0; P9IC9 6P0;
P(0C9:P0;, "
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4plink Ph7sical Channel .plink Ph*sical Channel Processing
scram)ling
mo!ulation of scram)le! )its to generate comple:,alue! s*m)ols
transform preco!ing to generate comple:,alue! s*m)ols
mapping of comple:,alue! s*m)ols to resource elements
generation of comple:,alue! time!omain SC/-M9 signal for each antenna port
Mo!ulation Scheme of -ownlink Channel +hon at the right ta*le Phy Ch
Modulation
-cheme
P4CC9 6P0;, :P0;
P40C9 :P0;, "
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(ownlink Ph7sical 0ignals 1"2 -ownlink RS (Reference Signal+'
+i&ilar ith Pilot signal of "%A. Used for donlin# ph)sical channel
de&odulation and channel ualit) &easure&ent 65 Three t)pes of R+ in protocol. ell-+pecific Reference +ignal is essential and
the other to t)pes R+ %/+N +pecific R+ G UE-+pecific R+ are optional.CellSpecific RS
Mapping in Time
/re>uenc* -omain 8 n e 9 n t e n n a
P o r t
T w o 9 n t e n n a
P o r t s
/ o u r 9 n t e n n a
P o r t s
9ntenna Port 9ntenna Port 1 9ntenna Port 2 9ntenna Port 3
Characteristics' ell-+pecific Reference +ignals are generated fro& cell-specific
R+ seuence and freuenc) shift &apping. R+ is the pseudo-
rando& seuence trans&its in the ti&e-freuenc) do&ain.
The freuenc) interval of R+ is 9 su*carriers. R+ distri*utes discretel) in the ti&e-freuenc) do&ain, sa&pling
the channel situation hich is the reference of "$ de&odulation.
+erried R+ distri*ution leads to accurate channel esti&ation,
also high overhead that i&pacting the s)ste& capacit).
M3-FN4 Multicast,3roadcast
o$er a -ingle Fre5uency
Network
RE
Not use! for RStransmission onthis antenna port
RS s*m)ols onthis antenna port
R1' RS transmitte! in 1st ant port
R2' RS transmitte! in 2n! ant port
R3' RS transmitte! in 3r! ant port
R' RS transmitte! in th ant port
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S*nchroni=ation Signal' s)nchroni
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.plink RS (Reference Signal+' The uplin# pilot signal, used for s)nchroni
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"asic Principle of Cell Search'
ell search is the procedure of UE s)nchroni ell roup 5"s, 3 5"s
ithin each group. +o totall* 146A3; Cell %-s e:ist0
represents ell roup 5", value fro& = to 19@4
represents 5" ithin ell roup, value fro& = to 2.
(2)ID
(1)ID
cellID 3 N N N +=
(1)ID N
(2)ID N
%nitial Cell Search'
The initial cell search is carried on after the UE poer on. Usuall),UE doesnHt #no the netor# *andidth and carrier freuenc) at the
first ti&e sitch on.
UE repeats the *asic cell search, tries all the carrier freuenc) in the
spectru& to de&odulate the s)nchroni
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"asic Principle of Ran!om 9ccess '
Rando& access is the procedure of uplin#s)nchroni
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"asic Principle of Power Control'
"onlin# poer control deter&ines the EPRE
Energ) per Resource Ele&ent4
Uplin# poer control deter&ines the energ) per
"T-+:"% also called +-"%A s)&*ol.
.plink Power Control'
Uplin# poer control consists of opened loop poer and closed loop
poer control. A cell ide overload indicator :5 is eBchanged over J2 interface for
integrated inter-cell poer control, possi*le to enhance the s)ste&
perfor&ance through poer control.
PU+', PU', PRA' and +ounding R+ can *e controlled
respectivel) *) uplin# poer control. Ta#e PU+' poer control for
eBa&ple!
PU+' poer control is the slo poer control, to co&pensate the pathloss and shado fading and control inter-cell interference. The control
principle is shon in a*ove euation. The folloing factors i&pact
PU+' trans&ission poer PPU+'! UE &aBi&u& trans&ission poer
P%AJ, UE allocated resource %PU+', initial trans&ission poer P:KPU+',
esti&ated path loss P$, &odulation coding factor BT1 and s)ste&
adLust&ent factor f not or#ing during opened loop P
UE report 65
"$ TB Poer
EPRE3 Energ7 per Resource Element(/T?0/(83 (iscrete /ourier Trans)orm 0pread/(8
f(i)}(i) Δ PLα(j)(j) P (i))(M ,{P (i) P TF O_PUSCH PUSCH MAX PUSCH ++⋅++= 10log10min
-ownlink Power Control'
The trans&ission poer of donlin# R+ is usuall) constant.
The trans&ission poer of P"+' is proportional ith R+
trans&ission poer.
"onlin# trans&ission poer ill *e adLusted *) the
co&parison of UE report 65 and target 65 during the poer
control.
67
U$ TB Poer
+)ste& adLust
para&eters
Ph7sical La7er Procedure @ PowerControl
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La*er 2 is split into the following la*ers'
%A %ediu& Access ontrol $a)er R$ Radio $in# ontrol $a)er
P"P Pac#et "ata onvergence Protocol
$a)er
Main /unctions of La*er 2'
'eader co&pression, iphering +eg&entation and concatenation, AR6
+cheduling, priorit) handling, &ultipleBing
and de&ultipleBing, 'AR6
La*er 2 Structure for -L La*er 2 Structure for .L
DerDiew o) LTE La7er
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Main functions of M9C La*er'
%apping *eteen logical channels and transport
channels
%ultipleBing8de&ultipleBing of R$ P"Us Protocol
"ata Unit *elonging to one or different radio *earers
into8fro& T/ transport *loc#s delivered to8fro& the
ph)sical la)er on transport channels
Traffic volu&e &easure&ent reporting
Error correction through 'AR6 Priorit) handling *eteen logical channels of one UE
Priorit) handling *eteen UEs d)na&ic scheduling
Transport for&at selection
Padding
Logical Channels of M9C La*er'
ontrol hannel! or the transfer of controlplane infor&ation
Traffic hannel! for the transfer of user plane
infor&ation
M9C La*er
Structure
.L Channel
Mapping of
M9C La*er
Control Channel
Tra8c Channel
-L Channel
Mapping of
M9C La*er
Introduction o) 8.C La7er
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Main functions of RLC La*er' Transfer of upper la)er P"Us supports A% or
U%
T% data transfer
Error orrection through AR6 no need R$
R chec#, R provided *) the ph)sical
+eg&entation according to the si
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Main functions of P-CP La*er' unctions for User Plane! 'eader co&pression and deco&pression!
R:'
Transfer of user data! P"P receives P"P
+"U fro& the NA+ and forards it to the R$
la)er and vice versa
5n-seuence deliver) of upper la)er P"Us at
handover for R$ A% "uplicate detection of loer la)er +"Us at
handover for R$ A%
Retrans&ission of P"P +"Us at handover for
R$ A%
iphering
Ti&er-*ased +"U discard in uplin#
unctions for ontrol Plane! iphering and 5ntegrit) Protection
Transfer of control plane data! P"P receives
P"P +"Us fro& RR and forards it to the
R$ la)er and vice versa
P-CP P-. Structure' P"P P"U and P"P header are octet-
aligned
P"P header can *e either 1 or 2 *)tes long
P-CP La*er
Structure
R9C3 Robust 9eader Compression
P-CP P-. Structure
Introduction o) P(CP La7er
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-ata Transfer in La*er 1 an! La*er 2 "ata fro& the upper la)er are headed and pac#aged, sent to the loer la)er, vice versa.
+cheduler effect in the R$, %A and Ph)sical $a)ers. User data pac#ages are
&ultipleBed in the %A $a)er.
R in Ph)sical $a)er.
0ummar7 o) (ata /low in La7er "&
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8/-M ? 8/-M9 8/-M :rthogonal reuenc) "ivision %ultipleBing
is a &odulation &ultipleBing technolog), divides the
s)ste& *andidth into orthogonal su*carriers. P is
inserted *eteen the :"% s)&*ols to avoid the 5+5.
8/-M9 is the &ulti-access technolog) related ith
:"%, is used in the $TE donlin#. :"%A is the
co&*ination of T"%A and "%A essentiall).
Advantage! 'igh spectru& utili
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-ownlink M%M8 %5%: is supported in $TE donlin# to achieve spatial
&ultipleBing, including single user &ode +U-%5%:
and &ulti user &ode %U-%5%:.
5n order to i&prove %5%: perfor&ance, pre-coding is
used in *oth +U-%5%: and %U-%5%: to
control8reduce the interference a&ong spatial
&ultipleBing data flos.
The spatial &ultipleBing data flos are scheduled to
one single user 5n +U-%5%:, to enhance thetrans&ission rate and spectru& efficienc). 5n %U-
%5%:, the data flos are scheduled to &ulti users and
the resources are shared ithin users. %ulti user gain
can *e achieved *) user scheduling in the spatial
do&ain.
.plink M%M8 "ue to UE cost and poer consu&ption, it is difficult to
i&ple&ent the U$ &ulti trans&ission and relative poer
suppl). Mirtual-%5%:, in hich &ulti single antenna UEs
are associated to trans&it in the %5%: &ode. Mirtual-
%5%: is still under stud).
+cheduler assigns the sa&e resource to &ulti users.
Each user trans&its data *) single antenna. +)ste&
separates the data *) the specific %5%: de&odulation
sche&e.
%5%: gain and poer gain higher TB poer in the sa&e
ti&e-fre resource can *e achieved *) Mirtual-%5%:.
5nterference of the &ulti user data can *e controlled *)
the scheduler, hich also *ring &ulti user gain.
M9)M"MO +irtual)M"MO
8I8
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%C%C %nterCell %nterference Coor!ination)
55 is one solution for the cell interference control, is essentiall) a schedule strateg). 5n $TE, so&e
coordination sche&es, li#e +R +oft reuenc) Reuse and R ractional reuenc) Reuse can control the
interference in cell edges to enhance the freuenc) reuse factor and perfor&ance in the cell edges.
S/R Solution
+R is one effective solution of inter-cell interference control. The s)ste& *andidth is separated into pri&ar)
*and and secondar) *and ith different trans&it poer.
The primar* )an! is assigne! to the
users in cell e!ge0 The eN" transmit
power of the primar* )an! can )e
high0
Secon!ar*"an!
Cell 2@@4 Primar* "an!
Cell 1 Primar* "an!
Secon!ar* "an!
Cell 3@@5P Primar* "an!
Total S*stem
"$
The total s*stem )an!wi!th can )eassigne! to the users in cell center0 The
eN" transmit power of the secon!ar* )an!shoul! )e re!uce! in or!er to a,oi! the
interference to the primar* )an! of neigh)orcells0
Secon!ar*"an!
Secon!ar*"an!
Cell Inter)erence Control
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Charter 1 LTE Principles
Charter 2 LTE Network Planning
Charter 3 LTE RNP Solutions
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/re>uenc* reuse mo!e 1A3A1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
/1
9!,antages of 1A3A1
-isa!,antages of 1A3A1
'igh freuenc) efficienc), 'igh sector
throughput
"o not need co&pleB scheduling algorith&,
s)ste&
o-freuenc) interference is hard
$o ell edge data rate, difficult) for continuous
coverage.
.se! in limit fre>uenc* )an! an! !iscontinuous co,erage scenario
+111 /T+
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S/R (Soft /re>uenc* Reuse+1A3A1
S/R 1A3A1 with %C%C
S/R 1A3A1 networking merit
"$ 55: cell center use 283 *and, cell edgeuse 183 *and; so, in cell edge, freuenc) reuse
3, different cell edge use different freuenc). TB
poer in cell center loer than cell edge TB
poer to control interference.
U$ 55: cell center use + band, cell
edge use "+ band, so, in cell edge, )reuenc7reuse +, di>erent cell edge use di>erent
)reuenc7# Cell users in same 6T0 transmit in
the odd eDen )rame scheduling , respectiDel7
$oer don interference ith 55
'igh reuenc) efficienc)
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S/R 1A3A1 s //R 1A3A1R 1?3?1 "$GU$
+R1?3?1 "$ +R1?3?1 U$
Similarities
!ifference
+eparate *) the )reuenc7 domain
time domain )or inter)erence
cancellation
F Cell centers use more bandwidth
resources, cell edge use o) about "
+ )reuenc7 bands,
//R use all the sub?carrier in
cell center, 0/R use + sub?carriers
F In (L4L, //R same reuse
mode,, 0/R use di>erent mode
F(L T Power3 0/R3 cell center is
lower than cell edgeH //R3 cell
center is same with cell edge
F 4L )reuenc7 resource3 //R
mode, in cell edge, Aed use "+
o) the )reuenc7 bandH In 0/R
mode, cell edge use partial
band, normall7 near "+ o) the
)reuenc7#
User in ell center and cell edge ithin the cell separate *) ti&e
do&ain, different site cell edge separate *) freuenc) do&ain4
"$ cell center decrease TB poe; U$ in cell edge, different cell
separate in freuenc) do&ain, User in ell center and cell edge
ithin the cell separate *) ti&e do&ain
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/re>uenc* reuse mo!e 1A3A3
9!,antage of 1A3A3
-isa!,antage of 1A3A3
$o co-freuenc) interference, good coverage
'igh sector throughput
$o freuenc) efficienc)
%ore freuenc) resource reuired
.se! in rich fre>uenc* resource an! !iscontinuous fre>uenc* )an! co,erage
+111 /T+
/3
/2
/1
/3
/2
/1
/3
/2
/1/3
/2
/1
/3
/2
/1
/3
/2
/1
/3
/2
/1
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Charter 1 LTE Principles
Charter 2 LTE Network Planning
/re>uenc* Planning
Co,erage Planning
Capacit* Planning
Charter 3 LTE RNP Solutions
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'UAE5 TE'N:$:5E+ :., $T". Page 34'uaei onfidential
Link "u!get Proce!ure
Start
En!
%nput -ata
Calculate .LD-L M9PL
Calculate .L cell ra!ius Calculate -L cell ra!ius
"alance cell ra!ius
Calculate site num)er
Calculate site co,erage area
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'UAE5 TE'N:$:5E+ :., $T". Page 35'uaei onfidential
.E Transmit Power
.E 9ntenna #ain
eNo!e"9ntenna #ain
8ther #ain Slow fa!ing margin
%nterference margin
"o!* Loss
eNo!e"
Ca)le Loss
Penetration Loss
Path Loss
eNo!e" recei,e
sensiti,it*
P a t h L o s s
Ca)le Loss
9ntenna #ain
eNo!e" recei,e sensiti,it*
Penetration Loss
Link "u!get Mo!el' .plink
.E transmit power
.plink "u!get
#ain
Margin
Loss
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'UAE5 TE'N:$:5E+ :., $T". Page 36'uaei onfidential
eNo!e" TransmitPower
No!e" 9ntenna #ain
.E 9ntenna #ain
8ther #ain Slow fa!ing margin
%nterference margin
"o!* Loss
Ca)le Loss
Penetration Loss
Path Loss
.E recei,e sensiti,it*
Link "u!get Mo!el' -ownlink
P a t h L o s s
Ca)le Loss
9ntenna #ain
eNo!e" transmit power
Penetration Loss
.E recei,e sensiti,it*
-ownlink "u!get
#ain
Margin
Loss
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'UAE5 TE'N:$:5E+ :., $T". Page 37'uaei onfidential
Link "u!get Principle
Link )u!get is aim to calculate the cell ra!ius0
ell radius can *e calculated *) %AP$ ith using propagation &odel
Two ke*s factors'
%AP$
Propagation %odel
M9PL' %aBi&u& Alloed Path $oss
E%RP' Effective 5sotropic Radiated Poer
MSSR' %ini&u& +ignal +trength Reuired
Cm H a LuTotal UE +−= )()lg())lg(55.69.44()lg(82.13)lg(9.333.46 H H f Lu !S !S ××−+×−×+=
)8.0)lg(56.1()7.0)lg(1.1()( −×−×−×= f H f H a UE UE
Cost231uire! F#ain FLoss FMargin
E%RP ; %aB TB Poer - a*le $oss - /od) $oss I Antenna ain
MSSR ; RB +ensitivit) - Antenna ain I a*le $oss I /od) $oss I5nterference %argin
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Huawei Confidential
8.PL Calculation Process S*stem parameter
07stem /reuenc7 6and, 6and width, duple mode
E%RP
60 T Power, .ntenna Gain, /eeder loss
Minimum Recei,er Signal Le,el
ReceiDer sensitiDit7, Noise /igure, (emodulation Threshold, .ntenna
gain, )eeder loss, bod7 loss#
S*stem gain@ Margin@ Loss
8I8 Gain, other gain
0hadow /ading 8argin, Inter)erence margin
Penetration losss
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Huawei Confidential
CoDerage Planning ComparisonLTEC(8. i8.
LTE Protocal deAned working band is )rom 5$$89JK#erent in LTEC(8.ima# LTE and i8. adopt /(8. as their access technolog7, )or a single user,
through s7stem scheduling, using di>erent No# o) sub?carrier to meet the di>erent
coDerage reuirement# Compare with C(8., C(8. users adust T power in
"#''8 to meet the coDerage reuirement 8I8 technolog7 is used in LTE & i8., di>erent 8I8 mode bring
corresponding 8I8 gains, like C(8. 60 receiDing diDersit7 gain, which lower
down the demodulation threshold# 8odulation mode :P0; 、 "
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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 0=
Huawei Confidential
Charter 1 LTE Principles
Charter 2 LTE Network Planning
/re>uenc* Planning
Co,erage Planning
Capacit* Planning
Charter 3 LTE RNP Solutions
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Capacity *nalysis Concept
Traffic mo!el anal*sisDre>uirement anal*sis!
+pecif) custo&er reuire&ents, e.g. Target users
nu&*er, user /' active ratio, service *earing rate,
over*oo#ing, cell edge access rate, average data
rateO
Singleuser throughput ? No of /' Users ;
Network throughput
Configuration 9nal*sis! reuenc) reused &ode,
/andidth, carrier configurations, %5%:
configurations etc.
Singlesite Capacit*! single site capacit) calculated
fro& s)ste& si&ulation after configuration anal)sis
Num)er of sites' Netor# throughput reuire&ent 8
+ingle site apacit)
Traffic mo!el anal*sis
D re>uirement anal*sis
Singleuser
throughput
Singlesite
capacit*
Num)er of sites
Configuration
anal*sis
Network Throughput
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Capacity Estimation &eali:ationProcess
:*tain the cell radius in different scenarios according to the lin# *udget.
According to the radius, search the si&ulation data ta*le and then o*tain the
cell 5NR pro*a*ilit) distri*ution. urrentl), calculate the 5NR distri*uting
ratio ith different cell radiuses in different scenarios according to the %atla*le
progra& provided *) the RTT lin# *udget.
alculate the cell &ean throughput.
∑=
×= N
i
ii T"#ou$"%ut P ou$"%ut C&llA'$T"# 1
/ormula of calculating the cell mean throughput
Pi is the pro*a*ilit) corresponding to 5NR
Throughputi is the throughput calculated on a *asis of 5NR. According to different
5NRs, search the ta*le to o*tain different &odulation sche&es and then o*tain
the Throughputi in different &odulation sche&es.
。
Cell &adius
C," Pro%a%ility distri%ution
-imulation result
Cell mean throughput ratio
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;e7 per)ormance baseline
-cenario
Cell &adius ;km< = 9L edge
>?@AB7k%ps
*$g# Cell Throughput L,9L ;M%ps< =BMD:
3
7#>0D: 7#B0D: *- MD: 7#>0D: 7#B0D: *- MD:
(ense
4rban
$#"K$#
++$#
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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Page 00
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Charter 1 LTE Principles
Charter 2 LTE Network Planning
/re>uenc* Planning
Co,erage Planning
Capacit* Planning
Charter 3 LTE RNP Solutions
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4?Net3 Pro)essional LTE RNP Tool hat is 9)NetH
9)Net is the pro(essional LTE simulation tool de$eloped %yDuawei#
9)Net is %ased on the a%undant glo%al &NP e1periences#
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4?Net3 Power)ul and 0aDing hat can 9)Net doH
/unction' Network mo!eling'
5+ Antenna &odel Netor# ele&ent &anage&ent +ervice &odel &anage&ent Propagation &odel tuning G &ngt.
Co,erage Pre!iction' Path loss calculation Pol)gon operation overage plot generation Point anal)sis %onte arlo si&ulation
LTE Specific Planning' P5 planning Neigh*or list planning reuenc) planning
"enefit' Accurate prediction Eas) operation and friendl) interface +aving 'R cost due to higher planning efficienc). $oer technical level reuire&ent *) Professional functions
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9uawei LTE Enhancement /eaturesPer(ormance
Enhancement Feature9L ,L
E1pected"mpro$em
entComments
"nter(erencecancellation
IRC
9L B@Ad3
The more serious inter)erence condition,the more obDious the IRC gain will be#
&ecei$e di$ersity
- receiDing antennas 9L 7#Ad3
+ d6 in theor7# Considered the co?relate
between real antenna, #*d6 is the
practical gain#
*d$anced scheduling/reuenc7 domain packet
schedule
9L I
LB@/d3
K+d6 gain when cell edge userthroughput *$$;bps, "Kd6 gain when
cell edge user throughput "8bps
Power Con$ergence
- TTIs 6undling 9L B#A@/d3
6undle seDeral TTIs together )or a single
!oIP packet transmission# Power
conDergence#
3- fe1i%ility
RR4 installed near the
antenna
9L IL
7#Ad3
Roo)top site, t7pical cable loss )or 6T0 is
+d6, )or RR4 is $#*d6 1umper loss2#.ssume there is no T8.#
3!"i&prove&ent
2G cell radius
increase
3G sites uantit)
reduction
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0uard %and &e5uirement (or Co)e1isting -ystems ;MD:<
Co)e1isting -ystems
-ystem -tandards LTE 3andwidth
LTE Other system AMD: BMD: BAMD: 7MD:
LTE J 0-M
protocol protocol $# $# $# $#
Duawei
Productprotocol
LTE J 9MT-protocol protocol $#++ $#$' $#"5 $#-
Latest M-& protocol
LTE J CM*
protocol 9uaweiProduct
$#- $#-M $#5- $#MM
Duawei
Product
Duawei
Product
LTE 3and 6 J LTE 3and protocol protocol $ $ $ $
LTE F J LTE T protocol protocol "$ "$ "$ "$
LTE T 7#/0 J T)-CM*
7#/0
protocol protocol $ $ $ $
.Doid Inter)erence
uard *and can *e eli&inated *) deplo)ing 'uaei RAN products
Cosite Scenario'
Avoid far-near effect, lessinterference
Non Cosite Scenario'
AdLacent freuenc) interferenceill *e &uch higher
o-site solution is reco&&ended *) 'uaei
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Co?.ntenna/eeder .nal7sis
Co)antenna,(eeder with 70,/0 system
Coantenna 9nal*sis
"enefit' No &ore antenna installation space
Risk' Additional dipleBers cause insertion loss an not adLust a
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0eparate .ntenna/eeder .nal7sis
Separate antennaDfee!er for LTE
LTE2#D3#
-isa!,antage' Reuire &ore toer
installation space4
Reuire higher toer load.
9!,antage'
5ndividual netor# planningfor $TE!
No additional feeder andconnector loss for $TE4
No negative i&pact to283 netor#.
onvenience and accurac)netor# opti&i
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Conclusion' +elect the o-antenna8feeder solution
*ased on the real situation Need to evaluate and *alance the
*enefits and ris#s of the solution
T7pical Co?antenna)eeder 0olutions
LTE LTE LTE
0 ports antennao-feeder
Risks' Additional loss *) co-feeder ill! Reduce 11H1G cell radius 5ncrease 24H3G site uantit)2.9'HH feeder
2 ports antennao-feeder
0 ports antennaRRU inst. near antenna
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Reuse and 4pgrade Legac7 (.0
'igh freuenc) 2.9'
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