Regional Org. - Janine's report

8/8/2019 Regional Org. - Janine's report

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a segment of the world bound together by a common set of

objectives based on geographical, social, cultural, economic,

or political ties and possessing a formal structure provided for

in intergovernmental agreements.

they incorporate international membership and

encompass geopolitical entities that operationally transcend asingle nation state. Their membership is characterized by

boundaries and demarcations characteristic to a defined and

unique geography, such as continents, or geopolitics, such

as economic blocks.


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Cooperative/ Multipurpose Regional Organization

Alliance-type Regional Organizations

Functional Regional Organization


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Classifications of Regional organizationClassifications of Regional organization

(Lynn H. Miller)(Lynn H. Miller)

y Cooperative/ Multipurpose regional organization

are those whose broad aims and activities reach across the lines that dividepolitical and military matters from those generally classified as economic and social.

Organization of American States (OAS)

Its members are the thirty-five independentstates of the Americas.: "to achieve an order

of peace and justice, to promote their solidarity,

to strengthen their collaboration, and to defend their

sovereignty, their territorial integrity, and theirindependence."

League of Arab States

"draw closer the relations between memberStates and co-ordinate collaboration betweenthem, to safeguard their independence andsovereignty, and to consider in a general way

the affairs and interests of the Arab countries."


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African Union (AU)

-consists of 53 African states.

-to accelerate the political and socio-economic

integration of the continent; to promote anddefend African common positions on issues of

interest to the continent and its peoples; to achieve

peace and security in Africa; and to promote

democratic institutions, good governance

and human rights.

1. Association of Southeast Asian Nations

2. Nations (ASEAN)

1. European Union (EU)


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Classification of regional organization (Lynn H. Miller)Classification of regional organization (Lynn H. Miller)

y Functional Regional Organization

those that promote economic, social or political collaboration, with little orno regard to security factors

Organization of Petroleum ExportingCountries OPEC

The OPEC is a cartel of 13 countries made up of

Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Indonesia, Kuwait,

Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab

Emirates, and Venezuela.

Arab Monetary Fund

to correct and balance the payment of its memberstates, remove payment restrictions between members,improve Arab monetary cooperation, encourage thedevelopment of Arab financial markets.

Latin American Integration Market LAIAEuropean Investment Bank EIB

European Coal and Steel Community ECSC

African Development Bank AFDB


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PROS OF REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONPROS OF REGIONAL ORGANIZATION

y Political, economic, and social integration is more easilyattained among a lesser number of stats within a limitedgeographical area than on a global basis.

y Local threats to the peace are more willingly promptlydealt with by the governments of that area than by

disinterested states at greater distances from the scene ofconflict.

y By combining states into regional groupings, a globalbalance will be maintained and world peace and securitywill be promoted.

y The world is not ready to establish global authority

sufficient to maintain world peace and promote worldwelfare. Regionalism is the first step in gaining experienceand building areas of consensus toward eventualintergovernmental coordination or integration.


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CONS OF REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONCONS OF REGIONAL ORGANIZATION

y World interdependence has created an increasing number ofproblems that require global solutions. Political, economic,and social problems reach across regional boundaries.

y Regional resources are often inadequate to resolve problemsof states within a region.

y Only a universal organizations can provide an adequate checkon the power of a large state that can often dominate theother members of a regional arrangement.

y Sanctions against an aggressor are usually ineffective ifapplied on a regional basis because of sources of aid to theaggressor from outside the region.

y Regional alliances provide the basis for rivalries andcompetition for military supremacy among regions leading togreater possibilities for major wars.


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REGIONALISM UNDER THEREGIONALISM UNDER THE

UNITED NATIONS CHARTERUNITED NATIONS CHARTER

y Chapter VIII with only 3 articles

(articles 52-54)1. Regional agencies may exist for dealing with such issues of international peace and

security as are appropriate for regional action as long as their activities are

consistent with the purposes and principles of the United Nations.2. States are encouraged to settle local disputes through regional agencies before

referring them to the Security Council

3. The security council may, in turn, utilize such agencies for the settlement of local

disputes

4. With the exception of action against enemy states resulting from World War II, no

enforcement action shall be taken by regional agencies without the authorization ofthe security council

5. The security council shall be kept fully informed of activities undertaken or

contemplated by regional agencies for the maintenance of peace and security.

Documents

Regional Org. - Janine's report