stjkjubeh - vbcnbrehb tcct - Gvelesiani · stjkjubeh - vbcnbrehb tcct @,bylbcathbf cjatkb^ eahj lf eahj ,byllt,f^ ... vfuhfv fhbc bctst,bw^ hjvkt,bw vcjakbj htkbubt,fl fy ufdktybfy

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1 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

stjkjubeh - vbcnbrehb tcct

@,bylbcathbf cjatkb^ eahj lf eahj ,byllt,f^

hf fhbc xdtyb cbwjw[kt^ xbnbdbs ufudbahbylt,f&& & & &

ytnfd^ cbwjw[kbc vjvujyb qvthsbw se ]j]j[tsbf`#

[fk[ehb fv fcgtmnbc .dtkfpt cfxjsbhj ghj,ktvf^ - htbyrfhyfwbf^ vtntvacmjpb^ fye cekbc vtjhtl vjcdkfltlfvbofpt^ e'dtktcb lhjblfy fhbc vjfphjdytsf ufyc]bc cfufyb& mhbcnbfyj,fvltk htkbubeh lfabkjcjabeh vj'qdht,t,ib htbyrfhyfwbfc vrdblhb flubkb ezbhfdc& @f,hfvbcnekb# fy@f,hf/fvbcnekb# htkbubt,b (lblb stbcnehb htkbubt,b% belfbpvb^ mhbcnbfyj,f lf bckfvb& tcnthvbyb wyj,bk abpbrjccf lf fyukbrfybcn stjkjuc ]jy gjkrbyu/jhyc lfdtctc[t^ hjvtkbwfv;fvfl stjkjubfcf lf vtwybtht,fc ijhbc vjqdfot ths-ths .dtkfpt fdnjhbntnek fdnjhflvbbxytdf& b[& Polkinghorne, 1998-1, 1998-2 b[& fuhtsdt Hargreaves, 1969, ud& 83 lf Peterson u.a., 1998, ud& 63^Schimmel, 1996, ud& 82)^ ghbywbgib^ efh.jac htbyrfhyfwbfc^ sevwfqf^ ,tdhb vtwybthbc fphbshtbyrfhyfwbbc atyjvtyb fv vj'qdht,t,ibwff afhekfl vjwtvekb& fvbc lfcnehfl ,b,kbbcf lf.jhfybc bv vhfdfkhbw[jdfyb vjyfrdtst,bc wbnbht,fc f[ltyty^ hjvkt,bw cekbc erdlfdt,fpt

vbesbst,c& (vfu& bufd& 20&27&^[1]

vfs& 10&20&^ 1 stc& 5&23&^ cehf 2&28^ ilh& Brown, 1998, ud& 99^ Küng,

1993, ud& 62^ Jeeves, 1998, ud& 91 lf c[d&) 'dtk cf,th'ytscf lf hjvib cekbc vjupfehj,bc vjv[htyb b.dyty /thfrkbnt^ gbsfujhf^ tvgtljrkt^gkfnjyb^ tgbmntnb^ gkjnbyb lf ,tdhb c[df vothfkb se vtwybthb& wyj,bkb tktdcbybc vbcnthbt,bcojhtl cekbc vjupfehj,bc hovtyfc tae'yt,jlf lf hjujhw cnfynckfd uhjab fqybiyfdc^fynbreh vbcnthbt,ib vjyfobktsf cbf 'dtkb cf,th'ytsbc who is who? rfnfkjubdbs brbs[t,f (Laszlo

u.a., 1999, ud& 42)& htbyrfhyfwbfc ief cfereytt,ibw vhfdkfl /.fdlf v[fhlfvzthb tdhjgfib& fvvjltkvf^ f[fkb lf ef[ktcb lhjbc lfcfdktsib cthbjpekb ufdhwtkt,f /gjdf mfk,fnjy tktyf,kfdfncrfbfc stjcjabehb lf ljmnjh heljka infbythbc fyshjgjcjabekb vj'qdht,t,bcvtidtj,bs^ hjvtkcfw mdtvjs rbltd itdt[t,b (b[& o.fhjt,b)& stjcjabehb gjpbwbf velfvegbhbcgbhlt,jlf abkjcjabeh lf htkbubeh cmjkfcnbrfc lf wlbkj,lf^ vbcnbrehb iblf [tldbslfrfdibht,jlf qdsbehc&

'dtkbylehb abkjcjabeh-htkbubehb vj'qdht,bc @'dtkb lf f[fkb fqsmvf#îtcf,fvbcfl^ dtlt,b lf egfybiflt,bf& dtlt,b bvltyfl 'dtkbf^ hjv vfsb pecnblfsfhbqt,f fh [th[lt,f& uekbc[vj,ty^ hjv bcbyb 4-5 fsfcb okbc obyfs xfbothf^ptgbhfl rb eahj flhtw .jabkf ufdhwtkt,ekb (Radhakrishnan, 1961, ud& 6)& cdfvbdbdtrfyfylf bvfcfw rb fvnrbwt,c^ dtlt,b velfv fhct,j,lytyj (Vivekananda, 1986, ud&30)& /bylebcnehb abkjcjajcb hfaftkb vbbxytdc^ hjv dtlt,b xdtysdbcuflvjwtvekb lbflb wjlybc vjvwhj^ vfuhfv vybidytkjdfyb yfobkbf (Raphael, 1998,

ud& 14)& tc fphb^ c[dfsf ijhbc^ f[kjf jkljc /fmckbc cfereyj abkjcjabbc - philosopha perensis -

bltfcsfy ([frckb> 1997). cfycrhbnpt cbn.df^ @dtlf#^ bctdt^ hjujhw 'dtkcgfhcekb cbn.df @fdtcnf#wjlyfc^ cbn.dfc ybiyfdc& tc lfcf[tkt,f vfhskfw tcflfut,f dtlt,c% vfsib efvhfdb wjlyffsfdvj.hbkb& egfybiflt,b vjudbfyt,bs^ mhbcntvlt 1500 - 500 okt,ibf itmvybkb& ufhlf efvhfdb v[fndhekflvjs[hj,bkb bcnjhbt,bcf^ dtlt,bwf lf egfybiflt,bw itbwfdc qhvf abkjcjabeh lf htkbubehyffphtdc& hfcfrdbhdtkbf^ .dtkfathb tc uf]tht,ekbf /bylesf 2-5 fsfcb okbc obyfyltkb.jdtklqbehj,bs& dtlt,bcf lf egfybiflt,bc cfae'dtkpt fqvjcfdktsib vhfdfkb htkbubehb lfabkjcjabehb vj'qdht,f fqvjwtylf& vfsib fqhtekbf abkjcjabf^ vbcnbrf^ htkbubehbit[tlekt,t,b^ tsbreh-vjhfkehb cofdkt,fyb^ tcstnbrf lf f&i& vfs ijhbc ,tdhbf evybidytkj^vfuhfv fhbc bctst,bw^ hjvkt,bw vcjakbj htkbubt,fl fy ufdktybfy abkjcjabeh cofdkt,fludtdkbyt,f& ghbywbgib^ vfsb sfdvj.hf ths zthmdti fhfrjhtmnekbf^ hflufyfw fmfw ceatdcf,hfvbcnek htkbubt,bc vcufdcb it[tlekt,fsf vhfdfkudfhj,f& xtvb vbpyt,bcfsdbc fvudfhbsfdvj.hf yfobkj,hbd ufvfhskt,ekbf^ hflufyfw vt fm fh vbylf vfs ltnfkt,c xfdodlt lfufyc[dfdt,t,b ufdffyfkbpj^ fhfvtl vbylf v[jkjl bc pjuflb xfvjdf.fkb,j^ hfw fv it[tlekt,t,cfthsbfyt,c htbyrfhyfwbfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs& fvbnjvfw bm^ cflfw nthvbyt,c ufvjdb.tyt,^ 'bhbsflfl^/bylebpvc fy ,elbpvbc ths-ths ufyinjt,fc^ - vf/fbfyfc^ fye @lbl (vfqfk`) ehtvc# vbdvfhsfd& vbsevtntc^ hjv^ hjujhw ibyffhcj,hbdfl^ bctdt ajhvfkehb sdfkcfphbcbsfw ,elbpvbc 'bhbsflbbltt,b /bylebpvc tvs[dtdf (ilh& Klimkeit, 1990, ud& 163)& dtlt,b fh itbwfdty rjyrhtnek vbsbst,fc htbyrfhyfwbbc sfj,fpt& egfybiflt,ib erdt cfrvfjlafhsjl fhbc ufiemt,ekb tc cfrbs[t,b& itcf,fvbcfl^ bwdkt,f udbfyltkb ofhvjlutyt,bw&


2 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

fqvjcfdktsib flfvbfyt,vf rfhuf [ybc obyfs itbn.dtc^ hjv cfv.fhj thsbf lf thsbfybf^ hjv vbcbyfobkt,b fh ofhvjflutyc wfkrtek hfj,t,c^ fhfvtl thsb lblb jhufybpvbc itvflutytkbf&fqvjcfdkehb abkjcjabeh-htkbubehb crjkt,b^ ghbywbgib^ fh bwyj,ty lfcfdkeh vfnthbf-cekbclfgbhbcgbht,t,c& vfssdbc fh fhct,j,c wfkrt vfnthbf^ fy wfkrt cekb& vfs vb[tldbs^ ,hf/vfyb.dtkfathbf lf .dtkfathb ,hf/vfybf& .dtkfathb^ hfw fhct,j,c^ ofhvjflutyc thsb hfj,bc^ thsb lfthsbfyb .jabtht,bc c[dflfc[df ufvjdktyfc& tc thsb .jabtht,f c[dflfc[df tyfpt lf c[dflfc[dfnhflbwbfib c[dflfc[dfudfhfl bojlt,f& vbcb fhcb rb thsbf^ - bub .jdkbcvjvwdtkb^ .jdkbcitv'kt^.jdtk.jabthb hfj,ff& /bylesf nhflbwbfib tc fhbc ,hf/vfyb^ hjvtkcfw fh uffxybf gbhjdyekj,flf fvfdt lhjc^ ,tdh gbhjdyekc itbwfdc& vfc esdfkfdb cf[tkb fmdc lf .dtkfathc vjbwfdc& bubujybthbf& bub sdbs ,eyt,ff lf eahj vtnbw& ,hf/vfyb sdbsjy vfhsfkbf^ e'hfdbf^ vfuhfv vjbwfdc lbl vj'hfj,t,c& vfs ijhbc fhbc cfvcfhfwêrbltufyj ,jh,fkb^ hjvtkbw ,heyfdc lf fvbs cfv.fhjc oht,heydfc epheydtk.jac& flfvbfysfcekt,b^ hjvkt,bw ,hf/vfybc yfobkt,bf^ cfvcfhfc vtidtj,bs vjlbfy w[jdht,fib^ w[jdhj,ty lfvtht cfbmbjc ,heylt,bfy^ hfsf ufyc]bkyb lf lfcdtyt,ekyb bctd fmts xfvjtidyty^ cfv.fhjc fvyfobkib^ hjvtkcfw xdty htfkj,fc deojlt,s^ [jkj fqvjcfdkeh nhflbwbfib vfbfl^ fyevjxdtyt,bsj,fl^ ufhlfvfdkj,fl bojlt,f& tc fhbc xdtyb vfnthbfkehb cf-v.fhj^ hjvtkbwfqvjcfdktsib fhwse bct v.fhbf& fv ,jh,kblfy^ fye oht,heydblfy cfresfh lf[cyf cekc ite'kbfbv itvs[dtdfib^ serb bub fh vbt]fzdt,f vfbfc^ fv vfhskfw oesb-cjatkc lf fh lfbv'bvt,c sfdcwjldt,bs& hfw eahj vtnbf w[jdht,fpt vb]fzdekj,f^ fv oht,heydblfy ufvjsfdbceakt,bc vbseahj yfrkt,b ifycb fmdc cekc& dtlehb bynthghtnfwbt,bc tuhts ojlt,ekb fhflefkbcnehbdfhbfynb^ hjvtkcfw e'dtktc [fyfib abkjcjajct,vf ifyrfhfv lf ufelbfgflfv xfe.fhtc cfae'dtkblf lfcfdktsib gfhvtybltc it[tlekt,t,c tyfstcfdt,f^ vbbxytdc^ hjv vfbf qdsbc tvfyfwbf rb fhf^v[jkjl vjxdtyt,ff^ kfylbf lf serb flfvbfybc wyj,btht,f vjbyljvt,c^ fv vjxdtyt,bc ufmhj,fvfhnbdfl itb'kt,f (Raphael, 1998, ud& 10)& serb cfrbs[c lfcfdkehb abkjcjabehb nhflbwbblfyitd[tlfds^ fqvjxylt,f^ hjv vfbf sbsmvbc bubdtf^ hfw rfynbc atyjvtysf cfv.fhj^ hjvtkcfwabkjcjabeh tcctib itdt[t& rfynbc nhfycwtyltync lf fghbjhekc^ fk,fs^ /bylesf fnvfybittcf,fvt,f& hfw itt[t,f ,hf/vfyc^ bub /tutkbc f,cjkenehb vcjakbj ujybc vcufdcb hfv fhbc^hjvtkcfw /fyc lhbib fct f[fcbfst,c% cfe,fhbf @lbl gbhjdyek pt-@vt#-pt^ hjvkblfyfw .dtkf@vt# ufvjlbc lf hjvtkibw .dtkf @vt# ,heylt,f lf gbhjdyekb @vt#-j,f mht,f# (Driesch, 1928, ud&72)& hfw itt[t,f /tutkbc lbfktmnbrfc^ vfcpt fqvjcfdktkt,b vo.hfkfl fhbfy% - ,hf/vfyb fhdbsfhlt,f& ofhvjlutyt,b ceksf vj'hfj,bc itcf[t, itbwfdc dfhbfwbt,c& htbyrfhyfwbf c[dflfc[dfudfhflufbut,f c[dflfc[df htkbubeh lf abkjcjabeh crjkfib^ sevwfqf^ 'bhbsflb bltf .dtkufythsyfbhbf& tc vjltkb^ serb v[jkjl fv 'bhbsflc itdt[t,bs^ uekbc[vj,c^ hjv flfvbfyibfhct,j,c erdlfdb yfobkb - cekb (fy @ujyb# fy bylbdblefkehb @vt#^ fy @]bdf#^ fy @fnvfyb#^ fy@gytdvf#^ bvbclf vb[tldbs^ se dby hjujh e.eht,c cfrbs[c)^ hjvtkbw ufy-[jhwbtkt,fc f[ltycc[tekib lf w[jdhj,c flfvbfyehb w[jdht,bs& fv upfpt vfc ,tdhb sfduflfcfdkbc uflfnfyf eotdc^cfyfv bub cfbmbjc rfhc vberfreyt,ltc& abpbrehb cbrdlbkbc itvltu cekb uflflbc cekbthcfv.fhjib^ cfblfyfw^ ufhrdtekb ghjwtct,bc itvltu^ rdkfd f[ltyc ufy[jhwbtkt,fc vjrdlfdsfijhbc& dbdtrfyfylf vbbxytdc^ hjv htbyrfhyfwbf fhbc ,eyt,bc ufydbsfht,f lf xdtyib qdsbcvfybatcnfwbc epheydtk.jaf (Vivekananda, 1986, ud& 47)& sbsmvbc .dtkf htbyrfhyfwbbc vbvltdfhbvbbxytdc^ hjv cekbc tc vj'hfj,f ufhrdtekb otc-rfyjyt,bs [lt,f& fqvjcfdkehb htkbubehb vj'qdht,t,bc sfyf[vfl^ fv otc-rfyjysf rfvfhfcrfhvf tojlt,f& rfhvf fhf v[jkjl ufhtuyekb otcbf^ fhfvtl - sdbs cekbcvbth lfvcf[eht,ek itltusf ]fvb (Radhakrishnan, 1961, ud& 80)& cekb .jdtkbbyrfhyfwbbc - ufyc[tekt,bc itvlujv f]fvt,c ufcekb w[jdht,bc itltut,clf @veifj,c# cfresfh itvlujv bq,fkpt^ hjv vjvfdfk w[jdht,fib ertstcc[tekib vj[dltc& rfhvbc fqchekt,f fv efphj oht,heydblfy cekbcufsfdbceakt,bc cfiefkt,fc b'ktdf& hjltcfw cekb fv upt,c ufbdkbc lf.dtkf uflfcfkf[fdc lf'ktdc^ vfc ite'kbf yfvldbkfl vjrdltc^ fye tuhtsojlt,ek vjmifc vbfqobjc^ fye ufyb[cyfc erbltufyj ,elbcneh ybhdfyfib^fye fhfathib& cekb yfvldbkfl cojhtl fv lhjc rdlt,f lf qdsbehc[tekc e,heylt,f^ hjvtkblfyfw bub ofhvjbmvyf& fqvjcfdkeh vj'qdht,fsf 'bhbsflb yfobkb vbbxytdc^ hjv cekb^ lfvcf[eht,bclf vb[tldbsîtb'kt,f itvltu w[jdht,fib xfvjmdtbsltc fy lfobyfehltc^ bvbc itcfn.dbcfl^ se hjujhb rfhvfufvjbveifdf vfy& @bc^ hfw fv;fvfl dfh^ itltubf .dtkfahbcf^ hfw flht dbabmht lf dmvtyb#(Vivekananda, 1986, ud& 111^ b[& fuhtsdt Varela, 1998, ud. 75)& serb fv w[jdht,fib qjhekfl dbmwtdbîtvltu w[jdht,fib qjhfl vjdfk& serb otcbthb rfwb dfh^ - lfvbafclt,f lf hf]flufyd[jhwbtklt,b lf f&i& ]fbyt,b^ - hjvtksfw flht ,elbcneh ctmnfl vbbxytdlyty^ erfyfcrytk[fyc rb ,elbpvbc vjyfstcfdt wfkrt htkbubeh vbvltdhj,fl fqbfht,ty^ bvfcfw rb vbbxytdty^ hjvflfvbfybc cekb itb'kt,f ,epfl fy nbkflfw vjdbltc fvmdt.yfl (b[& Schult, 1986, ud& 12^ Klimkeit,

1990, ud& 13)&2 ud[dlt,f bctsb it[tlekt,t,bw^ ufycfresht,bs^ /byfbfyf ,elbpvbc nb,tneh

dfhbfynib^ hjltcfw cekb rjcvjcbc 'fkt,c e'fkbfylt,f lf .jdtkyfbhfl wlbkj,c^ sfdblfy

fbijhjc f[fkb lf,flt,f (Laszlo u.a., 1999, ud& 215)&3

.dtkf fv vbvlbyfhtj,bcsdbc lfvf[fcbfst,tkbf^ bc^ hjv fm rjcvjcbc ufydbsfht,bc ghbywbgb fhvjmvtlt,c& .dtkfathb cfvcfhff^ fye lblb ,jh,kbc nhbfkbf (eahj pecnb^ fk,fs^ @,jlbfkb#


3 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

bmyt,jlf)^ cflfw fh [lt,f ufydbsfht,f* bc hfw b.j^ rdkfd bmyt,f lf bc hfw bmyt,f^ - erdt b.j& fvesfd,jkj oht,heydfibf ,hf/vfybc fhcb& .dtkfyb ufvjdlbdfhs ,hf/vfyblfy lf ,hf/vfyibdtd,heylt,bs& sdbs xdtyb cekb^ hjvtkbw fct vjupfehj,c^ ,hf/vfybc yfobkbf lf cf,jkjj ]fvib^bctd ,hf/vfyibdt [dlt,f& ,hf/vfyb ewdktkbf^ sdbs bub fh dbsfhlt,f& byrfhyfwbt,bc cf,jkjj vbpfyb ,elbpvib ybhdfyf^ fye bvudfhb vlujvfhtj,ff^ hjltcfw cekb sfdcfqotdc oht,heydfc lf ethslt,f erbltufyj cekbth jrtfytc^ ufyb[cyt,f vfcib& cekb fqfh

fhct,j,c^ hjujhw bylbdblb& @vt# ufbsmdbat,f cekbth ecfchekj,fib lf fvbs fqotdc idt,fc&4 tc

cekbthb ecfchekj,f c[df fhfathbf^ se fhf dtlehb nhflbwbbc ,hf/vfyb& tc vlujvfhtj,ffqbotht,f^ hjujhw cfs-xbs-fyfylf^ fye .jaf-wyj,f-w[jyt,f& tc fhbc qdsbehb vlujvfhtj,f,hf/vfyib^ hjvtkcfw cekvf eylf vbfqobjc& ,elbpvbcfsdbc idt,bc vbqotdf vstkb vj'qdht,bc 'bhbsflb qth'bf& nfy]dff .dtkfathb^ hfw rbvfbfib^ fye w[jdht,fib ud[dlt,f* sdbs cbfvjdyt,fw rb^ hjvtkbw ecbfvjdyt,bs ojyfcojhlt,f^ -cf,jkjj ]fvib^ nfy]dff (ilh& Chinmoy, 1994, ud. 26)& ghf,/egflf fv,j,c% @ghbywbgib^ vfnthbfkehcfv.fhjib fh fhct,j,c cbfvjdyt,f* .dtkfathb nrbdbkbf# (Prabhupada, 1992, ud& 63)& hjltcfw cbl/fsfujnfvfv^ - ,elbpvbc lfvae'yt,tkvf^ flfvbfysf .jdtklqbehb nfy]df-ofvt,f lfbyf[f^ uflfo.dbnf^vjco.ljvjlf vbobthc lf^ it'kt,bclfudfhfl^ gbhlfgbh uflfcekb.j ybhdfyfib^ itthst,jlfcekbth jrtfytc& 4-5 fstekb okbc vjyljvt,bc itvltu^ vfy tc fvjwfyf ofhvfnt,bs lf'kbf lfufyfskt,ekvf ofbqj othbkb cfbmbjc& hjujhw hfl/frhbiyfyb vjudbs[hj,c^ @vfy idt,f /gjdfcfvelfvj l/fhvfib&&&# (Radhakrishnan, 1961, ud& 25)& ,elf^ c[df qvthst,bcf lf qvthsrfwt,bcufy

ufyc[dfdt,bs^ fqfh lf,heylt,f ltlfvbofpt% bub cfvelfvjl ittho.f ecfchekj,fc&5 fv v[hbd ths

cfbynthtcj afmnc eylf ufdecdf [fpb& vbobthb btcjc w[jdht,fib^ hjltcfw bub erdt mhbcntf (ilh&Küng, 1993, ud& 68)^ fhbc thsb vjvtynb% bub udbxdtyt,c^ hjv bc vtnfvjhajpf^ hjvtkbw ujnfvfv,elfl^ - ufyfskt,ekfl uf[ljvbcfc ufybwflf^ btcjvfw ufbfhf^ vfuhfv ,elfcufy ufyc[dfdt,bs^ fvvjdktybc itvltu bub ]dfhc twdf^ hjv sfdbcb vbcbf fqtchekt,byf lf v[jkjl athyfwdfkb fhitethslf vfhflbcj,fc& tc athbcwdfkt,f^ hjvtkbw n.egbcwfkbdbs /ufdc ujnfvfc uf-,el-t,fc^fctf fqothbkb cf[fht,fib% @&&&lf bwdfkf athb vfs obyfit% uf,ho.bylf vbcb cf[t vptcfdbs^ [jkjvbcb nfybcfvjcb yfstkbdbs ufcgtnfrlf# (vfs& 17&2* b[& fctdt ker& 9&29* vfhr& 9&2&-3&)& fv cbnefwbbc

qhvf vbcnbrehj,fc bcbw flfcneht,c^ hjv fm vjct lf bkbf6

vjlbfy mhbcntcsfy lf sdbsvfvfqvthsbw cfresfh cbn.dfc itfidtkt,c vfc& ,elfc athbcwdfkt,f yfbhfy;fyfib fct fqbotht,f%@vbcb c[tekb bvudfh vfwjw[kt,tk lf cfcbfvjdyj ,ho.bydfkt,fc ufvjcwtvlf^ hjv e,tleht,fitxthlf^ ofvt,f ito.lf&&&# (Klimkeit, 1990, ud& 83)& xtvsdbc tc vjvtynb v[jkjl thsb hfvbc cbv,jkjf% mhbcntc hjkb xdtyb vbobthb hjkbcvbybiyt,ff& serb ,elfufyfskt,bc vtht mflfut,c lf fct njdt,c ltlfvbofc^ mhbcnt hxt,f

ltlfvbofpt^ hfsf xdty^ wjldbk ujbvt,c7

cfresfhb nfy]dbs f[fkb upflfudfyf[djc& cojhtl fvbc ufvj vbbxytdc ,tdhb vrdktdfhb^ hjv mhbcntcvj'qdht,f vbc obyfvjh,tlsf^ vfs ijhbc ,elfc vj'qdht,bc^ itvltu^ obyuflfluvekb yf,b]bf lf fhf mhbcnbfyj,fvltkb htkbubt,bc efh.jaf& fv v[hbdmhbcnbfyj,f lf mhbcntc upf cbf[kt b.j rjcvjcbcf lf rfwj,hbj,bcfsdbc&mhbcnt b.j gbhdtkb^ hjvtkvfw^ nhflbwbfpt lf.hlyj,bs^ flfvbfyt,c fhfvboblfy cohfafl ufmwtdbcfrty vjeojlf^ fhfvtl lffyfd[f^ hjv v[jkjlhovtyfcf lf trkbfy upfc^ vbobth upfc vjfmdc fqptdt,f& vfhsfkbf^ 'ty-,elbcnblfbctw ce'erb othc^ hjv ,elfc mhbcntcfdbs ]dfhpt ufrdhf fh lfczbhdt,bflf lfv]lfhb itdblf cfbmbjibj^ vfuhfv ,elfc bltt,bw fh .jabkf bctsb^hjujhbw mhbcntcb (Suzuki, 1993, ud& 308)& mhbcntc ]dfhwvf lf fqlujvf

mhbcnbfyekb vj'qdht,bc e'bhbsfltcb fhcbf&8

gjkrbyu/jhyb othc^ mhbcnt]dfhwvbc itvltu hjv fh fqvlufhb.j^ xdty vfcpt fhfathb udtwjlbyt,jlfj lffvbs [fpc ecdfvc ]dfhwvf-fqlujvbc vybidytkj,fc (Polkinghorne, 1998-2, ud& 33^b[& fctdt Bultmann, 1984, ud& 293^ Barth, 1947, ud& 93)& ,elfc [fht,f yfstkbf%smdbs efhb vbobth nfy]dfpt lf uflflbs cfereyj cfceatdtkib! @uflflbs,byblfy e,byfj,fib!# - serb ,elbpvib ufdhwtkt,ek kjpeyuc db[vfhs&

vbfnjdts wjkbwf lf idbkbw^ cf[kbwf lf rfhbw^ cfvcf[ehbwf lf mjyt,fw! - vjeojlt,c ,elfcfresfh vbvltdfhs (Klimkeit, 1990, ud& 15-16)& fhwthsb^ ,elfc vbth itvjsfdfpt,ekb [cybc hdfupblfy^ hjvtkbw vfy cfresfh 'dtk yfwyj, fcrtn cea/flhfc sfdbcb cofdkt,bc qth'fl ufepbfhf^fh fhbc vbvfhsekb vbobth htfkj,fpt fmnbehb ptvjmvtlt,bcfrty& fvudfhb vblujvf sbsmvbc .dtkffqvjcfdkehb vcjakv[tldtkj,bcsdbc fhbc lfvf[fcbfst,tkb& bubdtf nfjbcnehb de-dtb

ufysfdbceakt,bc upf^ hjvtkbw cojhtl @fhf frtsj!#-c ybiyfdc (ilh& Laszlo, 1999, ud& 104)&9 fvbc

cfgbhbcgbhjl^ fctdt yfstkbf mhbcntc [fht,f% bofvts qvthsb^ bihjvts^ bodfkts lf uflf[dfkscfereyj cfceatdtkib! hovtybc^ ihjvbcf lf itvjmvtlt,bc tc gfsjcb ]th rbltd 'dtk fqsmvfibv;qfdylt,f^ hjltcfw qvthsb @cfrjynhfmnj cfae'dtkpt# vjmvtlt,c flfvsfy^ yjtcsfy^ f,hfvsfy lfvjctcsfy (ilh& Green, 1998, ud& 157)& mhbcntcsfy tc evybidytkjdfytcb vjvtynb thsgbhjdyekfl lfufhrdtdbs ajhvekbhlt,f% qdsbehb cfceatdtkbc upf nfy]dfpt uflbc! cojhtl fctf^ xtvbc fphbsûfcfut,b mhbcntc cbn.dt,b% @vt dfh rfhb% dbyw itlbc xtvbs^ uflfhxt,f# (bjfy&^ 10&9)& hfcfrdbhdtkbf^mhbcntw vjeojlt,c vhtdkc vbobthb dyt,t,bcfufy sfditrfdt,bcflvb^ vfuhfv tc fh fhbcfqvjcfdkehb fcrtpb^ fhfvtl vpfl.jayff qdsbc sf.dfybcflvb (ilh& Bultmann, 1984, ud& 10)&


4 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

mhbcnbfyekb vcjakv[tldtkj,bc cfae'dtkpt uf[lf itcf'kt,tkb lfcfdkehb @vrtst,tksf#^ fyhjujhw vfc fhneh ieknb eojlt,c -@vthrfynbkeh-ntmybreh-cfvtwybthj# wbdbkbpfwbbc itmvyf(Schult, 1986, ud& 18^ ilh& fctdt Maslow, 1977, ud& 264)& dthw /bylebcnehvf^ dthw ,elbcnehvf lf dthwhjvtkbvt c[df fqvjcfdkehvf bltjkjubfv dth ofhvjmvyf ntmybrehb wbdbkbpfwbf& tc ufcfut,bwff^hflufyfw ihjvbcf lf itvjmvtlt,bcflvb vjojlt,f v[jkjl mhbcnbfyek htkbubfib bmwf ths-ths

'bhbsfl bltfl&10 ,elbpvib ,eyt,bcfufy hfbvtc vjgjdt,f^ 'fkbcvbthb fqt,f lblb wjldff& hfw

yf,j't,b - lfyf (ilh& kfsbyehb donum^ hecekb lfym) fh fhbc^ - [tkc dth vj/rblt, (Klimkeit, 1990,

ud& 166)& lfcfdktsb hjv fv fphc uf/.jkjlf^ vflfyb dtqfh eylf vjtgjdt,byf lf [t dtqfh eylfvjtzhf n.tib& hfbvt cthbjpekbc itmvyfpt [jv^ kfgfhfrbw ptlvtnbf& ,tdhc vbfxybf^ hjvfqvjcfdkts fpbbc hbub mdt.yt,bc trjyjvbrehb xfvjhxtybc vbptpb vfs ,eyt,hbd fy c[df gbhj,t,ib'tdc& cbyfvldbktib^ 'bhbsflb vfvj'hfdt,tkb 'fkf uf,fnjyt,ekb bltjkjubff& bpjgfybiflbfirfhfl vjeojlt,c vhtdkc% @lfnr,b efh.jabs (sfditrfdt,bs)!# (Isopanishad, I, wbnfnf Chinmoy, 1994,vb[tldbs)& fm fhf vfhnj ufyw[hjvbcfufy^ fhfvtl .dtkfathb vbobthbcfufy sfditrfdt,f buekbc[vt,f&hjujhw thb[ ahjvb fqothc^ tc fhbc bctsb vlujvfhtj,f^ hjltcfw fqfhfathb ubylf^ fqfhfathctkndb^ fqfhfathb ufoe[t,c (Fromm, 1976, ud& 65)& htkbubf^ hjvtkbw vhtdkc fh vjeojlt,c mvybcflf itvjmvtlt,bcfrty^ dthw itmvybc ntmyjkjubeh wbdbkbpfwbfc& fqvjcfdkehb it[tlekt,t,bs^ tcntmyjkjubehb wbdbkbpfwbf fhw fhbc lblb afctekj,f^ hflufyfw bub fhfse flfvbfysfnfy]df-ofvt,fc fvwbht,c^ fhfvtl phlbc vfc& 'ytkbf fe[cyf ,elbcnc^ fy /bylebcnc^ se hfnjvfhbc vbobthb w[jdht,bc ljybc ufev]j,tct,f rfhub& vbcsdbc^ ghbywbgib^ fhfath vbobthc uffxybff,cjkenehb qbht,ekt,f& htfkehb lf cfcehdtkb v[jkjl bvmdt.ybehb @ufysfdbceakt,fffvmdt.ybehb ,jhrbkt,bcfufy# (Chinmoy, 1994, ud.80)& hfw itt[t,f cfmvbfy cfrbs[t,c^ ,bpytccûfvjhxtyfc^ vjut,fc lf f&i& @rfwb fv .dtkfathc eylf thbljc# (Klimkeit, 1990, ud& 168)& /byleyb hjvv[jkjl /bylebpvc uf/.jkjlyty lf vfs yfobkc c[df htkbubt,b fh vbtqj^ fct vujybf^

nf]vf/fkbw feityt,tkb lfhxt,jlfs&11 fv sdfkcfphbcbs fqvjcfdktsb lf lfcfdktsb

ufyc[dfdt,ek upfc bhxtdty& fv upfc vt mdtvjs rbltd itdt[t,b& fqvjcfdkeh cofdkt,fsf ths yfobkc^ bctdt hjujhw fyshjgjcjabfc^ vbfxybf^ hjv flfvbfybc cekbv[jkjl flfvbfyib [jhwbtklt,f& lfcfdktkb htbyrfhyfwbbc vbvltdht,b wlbkj,ty mhbcnbfyekbvj'qdht,bc xfhsdfc htbyrfhyfwbek vjltkib lf vbbxytdty^ hjv bc 'bhbsflb ghbywbgb^ hfwmhbcnbfyj,bc ths-thsb cfae'dtkbf^ rth'jl^ ufydbsfht,f lf mvyf^ htbyrfhyfwbfc f[fk fphcisf,thfdc& fv vjltkbs^ cekb dbsfhlt,f bctdt^ hjujhw vstkb cfv.fhj^ - vfnthbfkehb secekbthb^ lf hjltcfw bub ybhdfyfc ittvfnt,f^ fvbs cfresfh odkbkc itbnfyc vcjakbj cekibêrbltufyj cekbth ce,cnfywbfib^ hjvtkbw .dtkfathc vjbwfdc& serb ybefyct,pt itdxthlt,bs^ cfrbs[fdbf^ se hf fhbc flfvbfybc bc yfobkb^ hjvtkbw fvufhlfmvyt,c f[ltyc` hf fhbc tc @cekb#^ @ujyb#^ fy @vt#` cfthsjl^ cfrbs[b^ fk,fs c[df fcgtmnbseylf lfbcdfc% fhbc se fhf hfbvt flfvbfyib^ hfw erdlfdbf` fhbc se fhf xtvib hfbvt^ hfw xtvbcbrdlbkbc itvltu hxt,f^ se fh xfdsdkbs idbkt,c^ mjyt,fcf lf dfkt,c^ hjvkt,cfw isfvjvfdkt,clfdenjdt,` fv rjyntmcnib fewbkt,tkbf bv jhb abkjcjajcbc [ctyt,f^ hjvtksfw^ fk,fs^.dtkfpt lblb ufdktyf vjf[lbytc lfcfdktsbc htkbubeh lf abkjcjabehfphjdyt,fpt& gbhdtkb vfsufyb gkfnjybf (Platon, 1998-1, 1998-2, Plato, 1969, Gkfnjy>

1970)& gkfnjybc vybidytkj,f bvltyfl lblbf^ hjv fkahtl efbs/tlb vbbxytdc^vstkb lfcfdkehb abkjcjabf v[jkjl cmjkbjc itybidyt,bf gkfnjybccofdkt,fptj (Whitehead, 1979, ud& 91)^ sevwfqf^ cfresfh c[df yfofhvjt,ib erdtfhbcnjntktc fqbfht,c elbltc vtnfabpbrjcfl (Whitehead, 1984, ud& 202)& qvthsbcfv.fhjc wtw[kbcf lf vbobcfufy fut,c^ vfs ijhbc o.fkcf lf /fthc fsfdct,c lfcekt,c [jhwbtkib cstcfdc^ vbbxytdlf gkfnjyb& bub fqothc gbhjdyt,fc^ hjujhwerdlfd cekc acbmtc - yuch ^ hjvtkbw vjrdlfd c[tekib - swma - cjvfibfxfcf[kt,ekb& cekc ujyb^ cfvidbydtkb vfhsfdc^ hjvtkbw qvthssfy .jaybcfcztivfhbnt,t,c itbwyj,c& kfgfhfrbf fhf ufhlfvfdfkpt^ fhfvtl cfvelfvjztivfhbnt,t,pt& c[tekbcf lf cekbc rfdibht,b hsekb lf vhfdfkv[hbdbf&gkfnjyb lfodhbkt,bs ufyb[bkfdc cekbc iblf cnhemnehfc lf vbc vj'hfj,fc&.jdtk xdtysfufyc fmdc ufvjwlbkt,f^ hjvtkbw w[jdht,blfy fh ufvjb.dfyt,f&fctsb ufvjwlbkt,ff^ vfufkbsfl cbkfvfpbcf lf cbvf[by]bc wyt,f& fvudfhb'bhbsflb bltt,b xdty sfy lfud.dt,f& flfvbfybc vstkb w[jdht,f^ - cofdkf - c[dffhfathbf^ se fhf bvbc uf[ctyt,f^ hfw cekvf lf,flt,fvlt bwjlf& cekblf,flt,fvlt @ec[tekjf lf cfmvtib xf[tlekb#& gkfnjyb^ hjvtkbw vtntvacbmjpbcvjv[ht b.j^ vbbxytdlf^ hjv xdtyb w[jdht,f erdt fhct,ekb wjlybc uf[ctyt,ff(Gkfnjy> 1970, ud& 30-40, 71a-77c& b[& fctdt Dethlevsen, 1979, ud& 225). fv wjlybcvfnfht,tkb cekbf& tc fhfvfnthbfkehb hfj,f rfibhibf qdsbc itmvybk ajhvfsf^ fye bltfsfcfv.fhjcsfy^ hjvtksfw gkfnjyb tbljct,c eojlt,c& fhfvfnthbfkehb cfv.fhj erdlfdbf lfvbobthb vfnthbfkehb cfv.fhjc cfae'dtkc ofhvjflutyc& tbljct,bc vb[tldbs^ but,bfy vfnthbfkehbcfuyt,b lf fhct,t,b^ hjvkt,bw fhf tbljcbdbs chek.jabkb^ fhfvtl [fhdtpbfyb lf ufhlfvfdfkbfhbfy& ajhvf fhct,j,c cfuyfvlt lf cfuybc itvlujvfw^ vbfxylf gkfnjyc& vbobthb ufhlfwdfkt,bcitvltu cekb qvthssfy^ cfresfh ceksf cfv.fhjib uflfbyfwdkt,c^ hfsf rdkfd ufy[jhwbtkltc& gkfnjybc vjofat lf vbcb rhbnbrjcb fhbcnjntkt cnfubhtkb vbbxytdlf^ hjv cekb fhf hfj,f^


5 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

fhfvtl v[jkjl cbwjw[kbc ghbywbgbf (Aristotelis, 1991, 1998, Fhbcnjntkm, 1976)& fv res[bs elut,jlffhbcnjntkt qdsft,fcfw lf qdsbehcfw& qvthsb^ sfdbcb fhcbsf lf wyt,bs^ vfhflbekb^f,cjkenehfl chek.jabkb fhct,ff^ hjvtkcfw lhjbc ufht .jaf f[fcbfst,c& bub e'hfdbêwdktkb lf ufye.jatkb cfo.bcbf& fvudfhb ghbywbgb .jdtkbdt wjw[fkc fmdc lf f'ktdc vfccffhct,j 'fkt,c& flfvbfybc cffhct,j ghbywbgb flfvbfyj,ff^ bctdt^ hjujhw sdfkbc ghbywbgb -[tldf^ vbbxytdlf fhbcnjntkt& cekbc wyt,f fhbcnjntktcsfyfw ud[dlt,f^ vfuhfv bub vfcgkfnjybcfufy ufyc[dfdt,ekfl [vfhj,c& serb gkfnjysfy cekb fhbc ewdktkb^ vfhflb hfj,f^fhbcnjntktcsfy cekb itb'kt,f itbwdfkjc& hjltcfw^ vfufkbsfl^ vecbrfc vjdecvtys^ tc xdtyccekpt vjmvtlt,c lf wdkbc vfc& cekbc wyt,f fhbcnjntktc fctdt ghbwbgpt lf/.fdc& bub fhbcfhct,bc @ce,cnfywbehb fhcb fye bvfytynehb ajhvf#& fhbcnjntktcsfy cekb c[teksfy thsflrdlt,f^ sevwfqf^ fhbcnjntktv^ gkfnjybc lefkbpvbc ptufdktybs^ cfresfh abkjcjabehcbcntvfib vfbyw lfnjdf thsb hfv^ hfw cbwjw[ktib cekbc yfobkbf lf erdlfdbf& tc fhbc yecb -

nouV, hjvtkbw fhfgbhjdyekb vjfphjdyt hfj,ff^ .dtkfathib fhct,j,c lf cfv.fhjc ujybtht,fc

ufyfcf[btht,c&12 fhbcnjntktc yecbc hfj,f gkfnjybctekb cekbc wyt,blfy ufvj/.fdc lf vfc^

afmnj,hbdfl^ qvthsc enjkt,c& @qdsbehb vjmvtlt,c bvltyfl^ hfvltyflfw bub .dtkfathc^ vfsijhbc cfuyt,cfw xdtysfy ufyczdfkfdc#^ - othc fhbcnjntkt (Aristotelis, 1991, ud& 19)& sdbs yecbcwyt,f fhbcnjntktvltw ud[dlt,f^ vfufkbsfl^ /jvthjcsfy fy fyfmcfujhfcsfy (Popper u.a., 1997, ud&196)& vfc^ bctdt hjujhw fhbcnjntkt^ flhtw ujybthb ghbywbgbc vybidytkj,bs [vfhj,lyty^sevwfqf^ fyfmcfujhf vfc ce,btmneh hfj,fc fybzt,lf& fhbcnjntktcsfy yecb fv ce,btmnehj,fcrfhufdc lf epjufltc thsbfy hfj,fl ofhvjudblut,f& yecbc bltf ]th ltrfhntcsfy^ [jkjitvlujvib /tutksfyfw ufvjxylf lf vbcb f,cjkenbcfsdbc cf.hlty othnbkfl bmwf& fhbcnjntktc vtnfabpbrehb it[tlekt,fyb fctdt rfhub ,fpf ufvjluf itvlujvib vfcptmhbcnbfyekb vcjakv[tldtkj,bc lfcfae'yt,kfl& fv vbvfhst,bs fhw sfdblfy lf fhw itvlujvibceatdlf thsj,f& fhw mhbcnbfyekb trktcbbc vfvt,b bluyty fv cfrbs[ib thsbfy gjpbwbfpt&c[dflfc[dfudfhfl e.eht,lyty cekbc cfrbs[c nthnekbfyt^ jhbutyt^ vjudbfyt,bs - ov& fduecnbyt&tc erfyfcrytkb gkfnjybc gjpbwbt,pt bluf lf wlbkj,lf vfs flfgnfwbfc mhbcnbfyekbvcjakv[tldtkj,bcfsdbc& vfcsfy buh'yj,f ytjgkfnjybrjcsf lblb ufdktyf& lfcfdkeh vbcnbwbpvc velfv rdt,fdlf gkfnjybc bltfsf o.fhj& vbcnbrehb nhflbwbbc evsfdhtcbbltf cfthsjl^ eafksfy eiefkj rfdibhbc lfv.fht,ff& vbcnbrfc ae't tkbyeh vbfbyib^ mgein -sdfkt,bc lf[ezdfib e'tdc& ibyfufyb xfqhvfdt,bs^ ufhtvj cfv.fhjcufy vjo.dtnbs^ qvthssfyêcfchekj lf erdlfd htfkj,fcsfy vbcdkf vbcnbrjcsf 'bhbsflb bltff& lfcfdktstk mhbcnbfyvbcnbrjcsf hbuib fewbkt,kfl cf[ctyt,tkbf rbltd hfvltybvt gbhjdyt,f& stjkjub lf vbcnbrjcb actdlj-lbjybct fhtjgfutkb vbbxytdlf^ hjv qdsft,fcsfy gbhlfgbhb^ eiefkj rfdibhbc lfv.fht,fitb'kt,f v[jkjl cfvb upbs% lflt,bsb stjkjubbs^ fye qdsbc qdsft,hbdb sdbct,t,bc^ - efqhtcbcbrtsbc^ elbfltcj,bc^ .jdkbcvjvwdtkj,bc lf f&i& vj'bt,bs^ efh.jabsb stjkjubbs^ fye.dtkfahbc ufvjhbw[dbs^ hfw itmvybkb lf ufhlfvfdfkbf^ lf htfkehb cfv.fhjc sdfkbcvjvzhtkbathfljdyt,bc uflfkf[dbs& fvbcfsdbc fewbkt,tkbf cfresfh sfdib xfqhvfdt,f& vbc mhbcnbfyekabkjcjabfib^ hjujhw gkfnjybc lf ytjgkfnjybrjct,bc^ bctdt^ fhbnjntktc ufdktyf buh'yj,f&bub wlbkj,lf fynbrehb [fybc abkjcjabehb bltt,bcf lf htkbubehb vjcfpht,t,bc mhbcnbfyekvcjakv[tldtkj,fcsfy ufthsbfyt,fc& vfbcnth trt/fhnc vt [ibhfl df[ctyt,& vbcvf bltt,vf elbltcbufdktyf vjf[lbyf lfcfdkeh htkbubeh it[tlekt,t,pt& lfcfdktk vbcnbrjcsf fv hbuibvrdktdfht,b fctdt f[ctyt,ty ,thy/fhlc rkthdjlfy^ bj/fytc abjhtlfy^ ov& nthtpf fdbktkcf lfybrjkjpc mfkfm repblfy (hecekb lfcf[tkt,bs^ ybrjkjp repfytkc)^ hjvtkybw qdsft,fcsfyeiekj bynebwbeh vbvfhst,fc vbbxytdlyty htkbubehb ufvjwlbkt,bc o.fhjl (ilh& Peterson u.a.,

1998, ud& 21)& mhbcnbfyj,bc abkjcjajcsf ijhbc fqcfybiyfdbf sjvf fmdbytkb^ hjvtkvfw^ erdtfhbcnjntktpt lf.hlyj,bs^ cekbc lf vbcb vj'hfj,bc vo.j,hb cbcntvf itbveifdf& f[fk lhjib vbcnbrbc fqjh'byt,f uthvfytk vtofqtcf lf vbcnbrjcc bfrj, ,bjvtc erfdibhlt,f&gfhfwtkcecbcf lf c[df fdnjht,bc ihjvt,pt lf.hlyj,bs^ ,bjvtv itmvyf vbcnbrehb cbcntvf^hjvtkbw vbcbdt [tldt,c tae'yt,jlf& fctdt ufhlft[cyf [tldbcfsdbc nhfycwtyltynekb cfv.fhjidtl vtwybthcf lf vbcnbrjcc tvfyetk cdtlty,jhuc& fv erfyfcrytkvf xfvjf.fkb,f @ceksfcfeakjc#^ fk,fs^ ths-thsb .dtkfpt lfodhbkt,bsb lf vo.j,hb cbcntvf& vbcb ufdktyf lqtcfwud[dlt,f c[dflfc[df cofdkt,fib uf,ytekb bltt,bcf lf tuhts ojlt,ekb @f[fkb trktcbbc# fyecdtlty,jhutksf ctmnbc cf[bs&

cthbjpek hjkc fchekt,lyty vbcnbrjct,b bckfvib& fvbc cfiefkt,fcsdbs .jhfyb b'ktdf& xtvb fphbs^ cfrvfhbcbf^ rfwvf qhvfl xfb[tljc.jhfybc ceht,bc fphib^ hjv ufvjxyltc efvhfdb vbcnbrehb vjnbdb&bckfvbc elbltc vbcnbrjcfl ]fkfktlby hevb vbbxytdf^ hjvtkbwvtwfvtnt cfereytib vjqdfotj,lf cgfhctsib& hevb bvbsfw fhbccfbynthtcj^ hjv vbcb ktmct,b lf gjtvt,b efqhtcfl sfyfvtlhjdtlbrbs[t,f& vbcnbreh vjnbdt,c d[dlt,bs fctdt abkjcjajcsf lfstjkjusf ihjvt,ib^ fdthjtcsfy^ b,y /fkleybcsfy^ fk qfpfkbcsfy^ b,yfhf,bcsfy lf c[dt,sfy& bckfvehb vbcnbwbpvbw^ bctdt^ hjujhwlfcfdkehb vbcnbrehb crjkt,b^ tcohfadbc qdsbc eiefkj [bkdfc^ vbccb.dfhekc lf vfcsfy rfdibhc& qvthssfy eo.dtnb lf gbhlfgbhb rfdibhbfmfw evsfdhtcbf& @vjhoveytyj! velfv babmhts qvthspt# (cehf 33&41)&cfereytsf ufyvfdkj,fib ceabpvvf^ - bckfvehvf vbcnbwbpvvf^ ofhvjidflthdbisf lf afrbhsf jhltyt,b lf c[dflfc[df vbvlbyfhtj,f& ceabpvib


6 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

'kbthbf fhbcnjntktcf lf ytjgkfnjybrjct,bc ufdktyf& tc fhw fhbc ufcfrdbhb^ hflufyfw iefcfereytt,bc veckbvb fdnjht,b lblb heleyt,bs sfhuvyblyty fhf,ek tyfpt fynbrehb [fybcyffphtdc lf rjvtynfht,c ehsfdlyty vfc& ceabpvbcfsdbc fctdt lfvf[fcbfst,tkbf vbcnbrehbhbnefkt,b lf wthtvjybt,b^ hjvkt,ibw [lt,f vbobthblfy ptwbthbcfrty cdkf lf qvthssfyeiefkj cfcb.dfhekj rfdibhb v.fhlt,f& bckfvbc vrdktdfhb fyytvfhb ibvtkb othc^ [fylf[fy'ytkbf ufyfc[dfdj qdsbc cflblt,tkbf se cfnhajcflvb vb'qdybkb ceabcnehb ktmcbj (Schimmel,

1996, ud& 31)& fvlfudfh ufdktyfc vt hecsfdtksfyfw lf ief cfereytt,bc mfhsek gjtpbfibwdfo.lt,b& bckfvehb bltt,bc ufdktyfc dthw lfcfdkts tdhjgf uftmwf^ cflfw tc bltt,b^ 'bhbsflfl^tcgfytsbc ufdkbs vj[dlf vfdht,bc fm ,fnjyj,bc gthbjlib& lfcfdkehb vbcnbwbpvbc bcnjhbf vbudbsbst,c afmnpt^ hjv^ bctdt^ hjujhw fqvjcfdktsbcvbcnbreh cofdkt,t,ib^ fmfw ceatdc fphsf c[dflfc[dfj,f& fctdtf ceksfy vbvfhst,fibw& serbfqvjcfdkehb nhflbwbbs flfvbfyib fhct,j,c erdlfdb yfobkb^ hjvtkbw velvbd vj'hfj,fibf^ hfsfcf,jkjj ]fvib rjcvjceh ecfchekj cfo.bcc itethsltc^ f,hfvbcnekb vj'qdht,t,b^ lfcfdkehbnhflbwbblfy ufvjvlbyfht^ fv cfrbs[c thsudfhjdyfl fh o.dtnty (Ward, 2000, ud& 28)& tcvj'qdht,t,b^ vfhsfkbf sdkbfy^ hjv cekb^ ghbywbgib^ erdlfdbf^ vfuhfv pjub vfsufyb vbbxytdc^hjv^ vfnthbfkeh ufhlfwdfkt,fcsfy thsfl^ flfvbfyb vskbfyfl^ cekbfyfl rdlt,f& itvlujvibqvthsb rdkfd cek[jhwbfyfl fqflutyc flfvbfyc& hbu itvs[dtdt,ib^ v[jkjl c[tekb rdlt,f^ cekbrb^ hjujhw 'dtk t,hftkt,c c]thjlfs^ ybckbfy @itjkib# - ptwfib uflflbc (acfkv& 139&8&^ ilh&Hargreaves, 1998, ud& 132, Green, 1998, ud& 153, Anderson, 1998-2, ud& 189)& itvlujvib^ f[fk tjyib^hjltcfw qvthsb flfvbfyt,c vrdlhtsbs fqflutyc^ .dtkfc^ dbyw fvbc qbhcbf^ isft,tht,f cekb lfflfvbfyt,b f[fkb c[tekbs vjdkty ltlfvbofpt^ hjvtkbw fv lhjbcfsdbc cfvjs[tc lftvudfyt,f(Bultmann, 1984, ud& 4^ Murphy, 1988-1, ud& 23)& bjfytcsfy cfe,fhbf ecfchekj cbwjw[ktpt(w[jdht,fpt)^ hjvtkbw v[jkjl mhbcntc udthlbs^ vfcsfy lf vfcib w[jdht,bs vbbqotdf (bjfy&2&25)& ov& gfdkt vjwbmekbcfsdbc fqlujvf teleion - chek.jabkt,fib vj[lt,f (1 rjh& 13&10^ fctdtBultmann, 1984, ud& 347)& afmnj,hbdfl^ tc fhbc yfvldbkb cbwjw[kt lf bub fv vbobthb cbwjw[kbcvtht vjlbc& bckfvib bvmdt.yfl uflfcek vjhoveytc vtjhtl qdsbc vbth itmvyf^ ifdsdfkf /ehbt,bcufhtvjwdf lf ufyw[hjvf tkbc cfbmbjib - fk f/rbhfib^ [jkj wjldbkt,c cfvelfvj wtw[kbfyb fk/enfvf (ilh& Schimmel, 1996, ud& 68^ Peterson, u.a., 1998, ud& 213, Bhdbyu> 1995, ud& 210^ cehf 82&13^ 85&13^104&5)& fctf se bct^ fqlujvf ltbcnt,sfy c[tekbs [lt,f& fv vjltkib jhb hfv fhbc obyffqvltuj,hbdb& egbhdtktc .jdkbcf^ - tc fhbc c[tekb& htkbubbc vrdktdfhb ]jy /fhuhtbdcb fv,j,c% @c[tekbe,heylt,f ,eyt,fc^ hjvkbc yfobkbw fhbc# (Hargreaves, 1998, ud& 150)& bub ofhvfdfkbf^ bub b[hoyt,f^bub rdlt,f& obyfcofhvtn.dtkb tcfbf udblfcneht,c% @,fkf[bf [jhwbtkb .jdtkb lf .jdtkb vidtyt,fvbcb - vbyldhbc .dfdbkb& [vt,f ,fkf[b^ zryt,f .dfdbkb^ hjwf eakbc mfhb lfe,thfdc vfc# (tc&40.6.-7.). .jdtkb xdtyufybc c[tekib cek wjnf^ fstekj,bs vbkbfhlb vjktrekff^ hjvtkbw

cfresfh lhjpt c[df flfvbfybc^ dsmdfs^ gkfnjybc^ fy^ seylfw^ gfgfxtvbc c[tekbc yfobkb b.j&13

vrdlhtsbs fqlujvbcfc^ serb vt pecnfl bubdt eylf db.j (cekbs lf [jhwbs)^ hjujhbw f[kfdfh^ fy ufhlfwdfkt,bc ;fvc dbmyt,b^ ufvjdf^ hjv vt lf gkfnjyb thsvfytsc eylf ofdtrbljs fvfstekb vbkbfhlb vjktrekbc ufvj& dbc it[dlt,f tc vjktrekt,b` ufhlf fvbcf^ yfstkbf^ hjvxtvb c[tekbc itvflutykj,f velfv bwdkt,f lf bc mbvbehb ybdsbtht,fyb^ hjvkt,bw fv;fvfl xtvcc[tekibf^ fsb okbc itvltu cek c[df bmyt,f& fk,fs^ f,hfvbcnek htkbubt,ib fh eylf b.jccfe,fhb [jhwbtk fqlujvfpt& cf[fht,fib^ idblb 'vbc thsb wjkbc ghj,ktvbc ufy[bkdbcfc^mhbcnt fhoveyt,c vcvtytkt,c^ hjv bv mdt.yfl flfvbfyt,b bmyt,bfy fhf bct^ hjujhw vbofpt^ fhfvtl@hjujhw fyutkjpt,b wfib# (vfs& 22&23&-33)& fyutkjpt,c rb^ hjujhw cf.jdtksfjl wyj,bkbf^c[tekb fh uffxybfs& c[tekb rdlt,f& @vbbmwtjltc vndthb vbofl^ hjujhw b.j^ lf cekblfe,heylt,jltc qvthsc^ hjvtkvfw isf,thf# (trk& 12&7&)& hf e,heylt,f qvthsc` hf fhbc bc^ hfwvbobthb cbwjw[kbc itvltu hxt,f` fvfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs abkjcjabehb kbnthfnehblfy wyj,bk^cfbynthtcj fphj,hbd vfufkbsc ufyb[bkfdc lfkfb kfvf vtwybtht,sfy lbfkjuib (Varela, 1998, ud&127-130)% ofhvjdblubyjs utvb^ hjvtkcfw okt,bc ufyvfdkj,fib fhtvjynt,ty lf lfvgfk abwht,cf[kbs ewdkbfy& fsb-s[esvtnb okbc itvltu .dtkf abwfhb itwdfktc& utvib fqfhfathb lfhxfsfdlfgbhdtkb abwht,blfy& fvbclf vbe[tlfdfl^ utvc cf[tkb lf ajhvf bubdt lfehxf& itvb'kbf sefhf dsmdf^ hjv tc bubdt utvbf` cfl fhbc bc @hfqfw#^ hfw utvc cfresfh bylbdblefkj,fc f'ktdc` gbhdtkb^ tyfpt vjvlufhb gfce[b - ajhvf& ajhvff bc f,cnhfmnekb wyt,f^ hjvtkbw fh itwdkbkf&vfcfkf itbwdfkf^ ajhvf rb bubdt lfhxf& dsmdfs lf^ ajhvfw itwdfktc^ - utvb uflffrtstc^ vfiby`tc ghj,ktvf bvfpt ,tdhfl vybidytkjdfybf^ dblht thsb it[tldbs xfyc& serb utvbc flubkfcflfvbfyc ofhvjdblutys^ ufudbzbhlt,f smvf^ se cfl bo.t,f lf cfl vsfdhlt,f gbhjdyt,f& dfh sefhf vt bubdt^ hjltcfw r,bkbc ghjstpc xfdbcdfv` fk,fs rb& serb [tkbc^ at[bc^ sdfkbc lf f&i&ghjstpt,c xfdbcdfv^ - vfiby` serb [tkjdyeh fy ljyjhbc uekc^ qdb'kc^ sbhrvtkc^ vty]-,fh'f.bc'dfkc^ abkndc lf f&i& xfdbcdfv^ - vfiby` cfl dvsfdhlt,b lf cfl dbo.t,b vt^ hjujhw gbhjdyt,f lfhjujhw bylbdblefkehj,f` hf fhbc bc^ hfw xtvib vfhflbekbf^ - gkfnjybctekb tbljcb sefhbcnjntktctekb ghbywbgb` fh vtuekt,f flfvbfyb^ hjvtkcfw fv itrbs[dfpt vtn-yfrkt,fl lfvfrvf.jabkt,tkb gfce[bc ufwtvfitt'kt,jltc (ilh& Eccles, 1989, ud& 350)& vtjht ghj,ktvf^ hjvtkbw f,hfvbcnek htkbubt,ib fqlujvfcsfyff lfrfdibht,ekb^ - sdbs cekbf


7 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

lf ptvjs vj.dfybk gkfnjyeh ufyc]fc tyfstcfdt,f& serb vskbfyfl drdlt,b^ xtvufy fqfhfathbhxt,f& hjltcfw qvthsb vrdlhtsbs fqvflutyc^ vfc cflqfw eylf /mjyltc xtvb @yf[fpt,b#itvjyf[ekb& cflqfw eylf fhct,j,ltc xtvb hfqfw yfobkb fy seylfw^ ghbywbgb^ fy cf[tkb^ fyhfbvt^ hjvkbc vb[tldbsfw vt [tkf[kf vjdfk cfvjs[tl mwtek ltlfvbofpt (ilh& Peterson u.a., 1998,

ud& 213)& ufvjlbc^ hjv^ xtvufy^ xtvb abpbrehb ufhlfwdfkt,bc itvltu^ vfbyw hfqfw eylf lfhxtc&lft^ tc hfqfw v[jkjl fqybidyf b.jc qdsbc ,b,kbjstrfib (@cekj#-strfib)^ tctw [jv lblbcfmvtf` ufvjlbc^ hjv fctf se bct^ vskbfyfl^ cek-[jhwbfyfl fhfdby rdlt,f& fvbnjvfw dfhlt,fobyffqvltuj,fib bc^ dbyw cekbc erdlfdt,fc efh.jac lf fqujvbcf rb c]thf& cekbc lf vbcb hfj,bc cfrbs[t,ib^ ufhlf fhcj,hbdbcf^ ud[dlt,f nthvbyjkjubbc ghj,ktvt,bw& tcufycfresht,bs vfiby bxtyc sfdc^ hjltcfw hfvltybvt nhflbwbf^ - fqvjcfdkehb^ f,hfvbcnekb lffynbrehb [dlt,f thsvfytsc& fqvjcfdkeh cofdkt,t,ib^ hjujhw ptvjsfw dsmdb^ cekb^ fye]fbybcnehb nthvbybs - ]bdf f[ltyc uflfcdkt,c& tc ]bdf^ rehrfcfdbs^ js[atybfyb flfvbfybcwtynhibf (eahj pecnfl^ uekbc sjhvtnajskbfy kjnjcib^ serb gkfnjybc nthvbyc db[vfhsîefibf qumoz - sevjcbf) vjrfkfst,ekb lf erdlfdbf^ sevwf^ vfbyw fh fhbc cf,jkjj bycnfywbf&cf,jkjj bycnfywbf fnvfybf^ @,h'tyb^ e,tht,tkb^ f[fkufphlf fnvfyb#^ hjvtkbw qdsft,f ,hf/vfybcyfc[ktnbf (Atharvaveda X, 8, wbnfnf Schult, 1986, vb[tldbs)& fnvfyb fhbc wyj,btht,bc vjyflf^ ,hf/vfybcceysmdf^ mhjkf& lfkfb kfvf fv mhjkfc nb,tnehfl keyuc eojlt,c lf vbbxytdc^ hjv cojhtl bubb.j cfo.bcib (GEO 1/99, ud& 150). fctsbdt ceysmdf se mhjkf 'dtk fqsmvfibw ud[dlt,f^ lfcfo.bcib^hjltcfw hef/b - חור - qdsbc ujyb^ cfvidbydtkb lfmhbc gbhdtkfl o.kt,pt (lf,& 1&2& fctdt bj,&12&10&^ bc& 42&5&)& tc hef/b fh fhbc fhw ytifvf - המשנ - cbwjw[kbc ceysmdf^ hjujhw xdty fvfcd[vfhj,s^ dsmdfs^ ahfpfib @cekb uffahs[j#^ lf fhw ytatib - שפנ - cekb^ ahfpfib @[esb cekbv.fdc cfhxtyb# (Green, 1998, ud& 153)& ytatib bc fhbc^ hfw cbrdlbkbcfc njdt,c c[tekc (ilh& Jeeves,

1997, ud& 112-115)& vfcpt itb'kt,f dsmdfs^ hjv bub cbwjw[ktf^ cbwjw[kbc ghbywbgbf& ,th'yekcnjbreh nhflbwbfib bvfdt vybidytkj,bs b[vfht,f gytdvf - pneuma - cekb (Anderson, 1998-2, ud&

178)&14 djka/fhn gfyty,thub vbbxytdc^ hjv cojhtl fynbrehb gytdvfcfufy ofvjdblf sfyfvtlhjdt

vtwybtht,fib vbqt,ekb abpbrehb dtkbc rfntujhbf (Dorschner u.a., 1995, ud& 159^ fctdt Worthing, 1996,

ud& 117)& tc fhbc cbwjw[kbc dtkb^ hjvtkbw .jdtk xdtyufyibf& pjubthsb vtwybthb^ hbuitvs[dtdfib^ gytdvfc hef/sfyfw^ fy^ hjujhw heljka ,eknvfyb^ @cfjwfh qdsbeh 'fkfcsfy#(cekbovblfcsfy` - k&u&) fbubdt,c^ hfw vskfl ufvfhskt,ekb fh eylf b.jc (ilh& Jeeves, 1997, ud&117^ Bultmann, 1984, ud& 155)& hef/b eahj kfsbyehb nhflbwbbc spiritus – cfvidbydtksfy^ ujybthceksfy fhbc f[kj (ilh& Hargreaves, 1998)& hfw itt[t,f t,hfek rf,fkbcneh bt[blfc - הדיחי -wtynhc^ 'bhthstekc^ bub itb'kt,f ,hf/vfysfy ufdfbubdjs& bt[blf bc ae'tf^ hjvtkcfw .dtkfathbe,heylt,f& fnvfybw^ hjvtkbw ,hf/vfybc 'bhtekb yfobkbf^ hjltcfw cfresfh cfmvtc vjbsfdt,c^,hf/vfyib xf,heylt,f& ,hf/vfybf .dtkfahbc sfdb lf ,jkj^ .dtkfahbc 'bhb& fctsb it[tlekt,ffhw f,hfvbcnekb htkbubt,bcsdbc fhbc chekbfl ew[j& vfbcnth trt/fhnb^ lblb tdhjgtkbvbcnbrjcb fv,j,c% @qvthsb sfdbcb ,eyt,bs^ sfdbcb fhcbs lf sfdbcb qdsft,hbj,bs xtvc cekibf^bvbclf vbe[tlfdfl^ hjv bub xtvb cekb fh fhbc# (Eckehart, 1963, ud& 44)& fhct,j,c ,tdhb c[df gfhfktkbw& fhneh ieknb [fpufcvbs fqybiyfdc^ hjv bjfytc cf[fht,bcghjkjub lf hbudtlfib fqothbkb qdsbc vbth cfv.fhjc itmvyf sbsmvbc cbn.dfcbn.dbs tvs[dtdfthsvfytsc (Schult, 1986, ud& 72)& serb wyj,bk uthvfytk stjkjucf lf cf[fht,bcfhfrfyjybreh vsfhuvytkc jbuty lhtdthvfyc lfde]tht,s^ bjfytc cf[fht,bc lfcfo.bcibvjwtvekb @sfdblfy b.j cbn.df# (bjfy&^ 1&1&)^ sfdblfy-c^ cbn.df-c lf b.j-c rb fh ybiyfdc^fhfvtl sfdlfgbhdtkb fhfvtekb vybidytkj,bs bsfhuvyt,f^ hjujhw @.dtkfahbc cfo.bcibfhbc vtn.dtkb (fy cbn.dbthb) cekb# (Drewermann, 1997^ ilh& Küng, 1993, ud& 62^ b[&

fuhtsdt Prabhavananda, 1994, ud& 60)& cfv.fhj qdsbc gbhblfy ij,bkbf^ vbcb gbh-vijf&15

qdsbc gbhblfy fvj-cekbf .dtkfathb& cekb .dtkfathbf lf .dtkfathib cekbf& qdsbc cbn.df lfcfmvt thsbf& c[dfsf ijhbc^ qdsbc cbn.dbcf lf cfmvbc ufbubdt,f gkjnbysfyfw ud[dlt,f^ hjltcfwbub gkfnjybc it[tlekt,t,c ffyfkbpt,c& gkfnjybctek qdsbc vbth cekt,bc @stcdfc# gkjnbyb

qdsbc vbth cbn.dbc smvfcsfy fbubdt,c (Plotin, 1973, ud& 30)&16

fqvjcfdkehbcfufy ufyc[dfdt,bs^ f,hfvbcnekb htkbubt,bc qvthsb gbhjdyekbf& vfc fmdc cf[tkblf fmdc cf[t (Barth, 1947, ud& 78)& qdsbc cf[tkb blevfkbf^ afhekbf lf fewbkt,kj,bc ufhtit fhbsmvt,f& 'dtkb fqmvbc vb[tldbs^ t,hftks cfthsjl trh'fkt,fs qdsbc lfcf[tkt,f [vfvfqkf^pecnfl bctdt^ hjujhw /byle fh ufsmdfvc cfresfh vfynhfc& stbcnehb qvthsb ofhvjflutycgbhjdyek @nhfycwtyltynek cekbth fhct,fc^ hjvtkbw .jdkbcitv'ktf^ .jdkbcvwjlytf lf.jdkfl rtsbkbf# (Peterson u.a., 1998, ud& 11)& ,hf/vfyb ecf[jf& vfc vbkbjyb cf[tkb fmdc^ vfuhfv fhwthsb fh fvjoehfdc vfc& veckbvt,b qdsbc 99 @evidtybthtcb cf[tkbs# rvf.jabklt,bfy (cehf 7&180^fctdt% Schimmel, 1996, ud& 24)& dbdtrfyfylf vbbxytdc^ hjv qdsbc [fpufcvekb gbhjdyekj,f lfcfdkehhtkbubt,ib lefkbcnehb it[tlekt,ff lf itwljvfc tae'yt,f (Vivekananda, 1986, ud& 51)& cfresfhv[hbd^ lfcfdktkt,bw frhbnbrt,ty fqvjcfdktkt,c& vfhsfkbf^ thb[ ahjvb cfthsjl vbbxytdc^ hjv,elbpvb lf c[df fqvjcfdkehb htkbubt,b @eqdsj htkbubt,bf# lf hjv vfsib qvthsb e,hfkjlfh fhct,j,c (Fromm, 1966, ud& 32)^ vfuhfv 'bhbsflfl lfcfdktkb cofdkekt,b fqvjcfdkehhtkbubt,c gjkbstbpvc - vhfdfkqvthsbfyj,fc f,hfkt,ty (Miles, 1996, ud& 134^ Schimmel, 1996, ud& 10)&tc fhfrjhtmnekbf% .dtkf bc fhct,f^ hjvkt,bw fv vj'qdht,t,ib abuehbht,ty^ qdsbc v[jkjlwfkrtekb cf[tf^ pecnfl bctdt^ hjujhw flfvbfyb& fsfhdfdtlf fv,j,c (Atharvaveda XIV, 4, wbnfnf


8 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

Schult, 1986 vb[tldbs)%@v[jkjl bubf thsbfyb^ thsflthsb^ v[jkjl thsb&tc ltdt,b (qvthst,b) vfcib thsbfyib fhbfy&#

flfvbfybw yfobkbf qdsbcf^ vbcufy ufvjdblf lf vfcibdt xf,heylt,f& /bylesf vstkb rf,fljybitlut,f fhct,t,bcfufy^ hjvkt,bw flfvbfyc^ fy t[vfht,bfy^ fy [tkc eikbfy qdsbcrty vj'hfj,fib(Prabhupada, 1992, ud& 29-32)& ceht,bw^ ltdt,bw lf fceht,bw^ fye ltvjyt,b rjcvjcehb qdsft,hbdbbthfhmbbc bctsbdt otdht,b fhbfy^ hjujhbw cfresfh lhjpt ov& fduecnbytc vbth civitas dei-cf lfcivitas diaboli-ib cbcntvfnbpt,ekb cekbthb fhct,fyb% fyutkjpt,b^ mthe,t,b^ cthfat,b^ ltvjyt,b^ fylf.jhfybc /fhesb lf vfhesb^ ]byt,b lf c[dt,b& serb rfwb vbpyfl lfbcf[fdc^ fqvjcfdkehcofdkt,t,ib ovbylf cfvt,bc gfhfktkcfw fqvjfxtyc& fvbc vfufkbsfl /bylebcnehb nhbevdbhfnbc%evfqktcb vwjlyt fhct,bc - ,hf/vfc^ evfqktcb vjcb.dfhekt fhct,bc - dbiyecf lf evfqktcbyt,bthb fhct,bc - ibdfc [ctyt,fw rvfhf^ hjvkt,bw qdsbc thsbfy fhct,fc itflutyty (Radhakrishnan,

1961, ud& 24)& fvbs bvbc smvf vbylf^ hjv htkbubt,c ijhbc ufyc[dfdt,f ,tdhfl eahj vwbhtf^ dblhtudujybf& fb^ hfc fv,j,c fvbc itcf[t, vbcnbrjcb ujgb rhbiyf% @.dtkf htkbubf tae'yt,f thsufvfthsbfyt,tk^ cfthsj ghbywbgc# (Kakuska, 1984, ud& 268)& cf,jkjj ]fvib^ .jdtkb vfsufyb t'bt,cevfqktc cekbth hfj,fc^ hjvtkbw xdtyb vfnthbfkehb cfv.fhjc cf'bhrdtkbf (ilh& Polkinghorne,

1998-2, ud& 112)& stjkjub rtyts efhlb othc% @fh fhct,j,c vbptpb^ se hfnjv fh itb'kt,f^mhbcnbfyt,vf c[df htkbubeh nhflbwbt,cf lf rekneht,ib qdsbc cfmvt lfbyf[jy# (Ward, 2000, ud&66)& fv it[tlekt,bs^ qvthsb thsbf lf thsb lf bubdtf^ vfuhfv c[dflfc[dfudfhfl tdkbyt,fflfvbfyt,c& hfl/frhbiyfybc fphbs^ qdsbc cf[bc c[dflfc[dfudfhj,f ltlfvbobc c[dflfc[df res[tcflf c[dflfc[df [fk[ib ufvjodtekbf flfvbfysf acbmbrfib fhct,ekb ufyc[dfdt,t,bs& sdbsjyhjujhbwff flfvbfyb^ bct fqbmdfvc qvthsc (Radhakrishn, 1961, ud& 21)& fvfcdt vbbxytdc ahjvb (Fromm,

1966-1, ud& 19)& qdsbc cf[tcsfy lfrfdibht,bs fh eylf lfdbdbo.js^ hjv qvthsb vjctcfwc[dflfc[df cf[bs^ vfs ijhbc fkvjlt,ek ,exmflfw rb^ tdkbyt,f& 'dtkb fqsmvbc qvthsb vfhsfkbfgbhjdyekbf^ vfuhfv vskbfyj,fib bcbw ecf[jf (ilh& Miles, 1996, ud& 120)& t,hftkb vbcnbrjcbvfhnby ,e,thb othc% @qvthsb velfv xfyc ,eyt,bc atyjvtyt,cf lf bcnjhbfib^ vfuhfv sdbs e[bkfdbhxt,f# (Buber, 1993, ud& 287)& .jhfyb udte,yt,f% @vfc vpthf dth fqotdc#-j (cehf 6&103)& hf[fy qdsbc cf[tpt xfvjdfhlf cbn.df^ vbylf ths vybidytkjdfy cfrbs[c itdt[j^ hjvtkbw^ flhtse udbfy^ fm ufy[bkdfc vjbs[jdc& kfgfhfrbf flfvbfybc qdsbc[fnjdyt,fpt& @itmvyf qvthsvf rfwb^ cfresfh [fnfl itmvyf bub&&&# (lf,& 1&27&)& ,b,kbbc fv ahfpfv elbltcbufdktyf vjf[lbyf vjhoveyt flfvbfysf wyj,btht,fpt f,hfvbcnekb htkbubt,bc bcnjhbfib& tcitujyt,f ufyfvnrbwt,c xdtyc sdbsfqmvfcf lf cfresfh 'fkt,ib hovtyfc& fv cbn.dt,blfy udtvwyj,f^hjv xdty qdsbc [fnfl dfhs itmvybkb lf eakbc vbth ,j't,ek yfgthorfkc dfnfht,s xdtyib (ilh&Green, 1998, ud& 155)& tc^ thsb v[hbd^ vfuhfv cfrvfhbcbf^ rfwvf vbvjb[tlj^ hjv cfgbhbcgbhj ufywlf lfuteakjc lfcfobyffqvltuj fphb ofhvjutmvyfc& qdsbc [fnfl`&&& bc^ hfw xdtyc ufhitvj [lt,f^ ite'kt,tkbfûffrtsjc fhct,fv^ hjvtkcfw qdsbcf hfbvt cw[bf (ilh& Fromm, 1966, ud& 9)&hfib /ufdc flfvbfyb qvthsc` flfvbfybc hf sdbct,t,b fcf,est,c qdsbc[fnjdyt,fc` fy^ seitrbs[dfc gkfnjybc vb[tldbs itdf,heyt,s^ hjvtkb wjw[fkb fhct,f itmvyf eptyftcvf cfresfhvcufdcfl` (Platon, 1998, ud& 31)& ,b,kbf fvudfh fhct,fl flfvbfyc vbbxytdc& bubf qdsbc vcufdcb& thsbhfv yfstkbf^ fm abpbreh vcufdct,fpt cfe,fhb dth bmyt,f^ hflufyfw^ hjujhw ,bjkjubehbufy[bkdbcfc lfdbyf[ts^ flfvbfyb fv vbvfhst,bs eahj w[jdtkcf /ufdc^ dblht echek.jabktcfhct,fc& sevwfqf^ cojhtl ,bjkjubehpt lf.hlyj,bs itb'kt,f ufhrdtekb lfcrdyt,bc ufvjnfyfqdsbcflvb vcufdct,bc sfj,fpt&

bv utythfkbcneh-bycnhevtynekb cfmvbfyj,bc ofhcfvfhsfl^ hjvtkbw ,bjkjubehbfcgtmnbc ufy[bkdbcfc df[ctyt^ flfvbfyc hfvltybvt hfv czbhlt,f^ hfw vfc c[dffhct,t,bcufy ufyfc[dfdt,c& egbhdtktcb flfvbfyehb sdbct,f lfutuvdff& tc cfmvbfyj,flhjib [lt,f& flfvbfyb lhjbc sdfkcfphbcbs jhcf[jdfybf% vbcb thsb^ - tgbvtstc^cf[t ofhcekib bwmbht,f lf ufvjwlbkt,fc fuhjdt,c^ hfsf fv ufvjwlbkt,bccfae'dtkpt vbcvf vtjht^ - ghjvtstc^ cf[tv vjvfdfkb ufyzdhbnjc (ilh& Gehlen, 1961,

ud& 48^ Eccles, 1989, ud& 349, Popper u.a., 1997, ud& 157)& bjct,bc mwtdf afhfjybc rfhpt^hjltcfw vbcb ufvzhbf[j,bs afhfjyvf fhfse bpfhfkf vjecfdkbfyb okt,bcfc^ fhfvtl^ gbhbmbsûffvhfdkf cfresht,f lf vjyfsf hbw[db ufpfhlf^ itudb'kbf nbgbeh flfvbfyeh^ obyfcofh lfutuvbkmwtdfl lfdcf[js (ilh& Hargreaves, 1998, ud& 136)& tgbvtst ffyfkbpt,c ofhcekc^ ghjvtst utuvfdcvjvfdfkc& flfvbfyb akj,c lhjc& utuvfdc lf vbc cnhemnehbht,fc totdf& w[jdtkb fvfc dthf[th[t,c^ vfc lhjbc ufywlf fh uffxybf (Popper u.a., 1997, ud& 521)& stjkjub rfhk ,fhsb cojhtl fv^flfvbfybc hfwbjyfkeh^ uffpht,ek^ lfutuvbk mwtdfc vbbxytdc qdsbehb ujybtht,bc - ratio-c -fyfhtrkfl (Barth, 1947, ud& 25)& fv cfmvbfyj,bc cfae'dtkpt mvybc flfvbfyb [tkjdyehbc cfv.fhjc& flfvbfyb^ w[jdtkbcufyufyc[dfdt,bs^ sfdbccf lf ufht cfv.fhjc ijhbc^ rbltd ths^ f[fk cfv.fhjc fut,c (Pannenberg, 1962,

ud& 18)& tc cfv.fhj [tkjdyehb lf [tkjdyehbc cfv.fhjf& flfvbfyb fh tuet,f gfcbehfl ufhtvjc^fhfvtl ufhlfmvybc fv ufhtvjc cfresfh .fblfpt^ cfresfh @[jipt#& fv [tkjdyeh cfv.fhjctresdybc .dtkfathb^ hfw rb flfvbfyc itemvybf sfdbcb fhct,j,bc vfy'bkpt lf eiefkjl ,eyt,bc


9 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

itmvybkb fh fhbc& fv cfv.fhjc fut,f itcf'kt,tkbf v[jkjl gjgthbctekb @vtcfvt cfv.fhjc#%bltt,bc^ xfyfabmht,bc^ utuvt,bc lf f&i& vtidtj,bs (Popper u.a., 1997, ud& 533)&

fv f[fkb cfv.fhjc yfobkbf ntmyjkjubfw&17 lfo.t,ekb gbhdtkb mdbc yf]f[blfy^ lfvsfdht,ekb

lqtdfyltkb cegthrjvgbenthbs^ .dtkfathb tc [tkjdyehbc cfv.fhjf (ilh& Kurzweil, 1999, ud& 36-39)&

ntmyjkjubf ofhvjflutyc flfvbfybc eyfhc lf wjlyfc ,eyt,hbdbc [tkjdyehfl ufhlfmvybcfsdbc&18

flfvbfyc [tktobat,f ntmyjkjubbc ufvj.tyt,f& bub bqt,c ,eyt,blfy vflfyc^ o.fkc^ [tc^ tythubfc^/fthc lf ufhlfmvybc fv .dtkfathc bct^ hjv vjb[vfhjc& vtnbw^ flfvbfyb fv ghjwtcib mvybc f[fkc^cbf[ktc^ bvfc^ hfw flfvbfyfvlt fh fhct,j,lf ,eyt,fib (Russel, 1992, ud& 51)& flfvbfybcfufyufyc[dfdt,bs^ w[jdtkb dth mvybc ntmyjkjubfc& serb vfbveyb ]j[c b.tyt,c^ bub vfc rb fhfvpflt,c^ fhfvtl erdt vpf ajhvbs bqt,c ,eyt,blfy (Tattersal, 1998, Harris, 1992, Lorenz, 1972)& hjltcfwlehufkb [tc e.eht,c^ bub vfcib erdt [tlfdc vjvfdfk vfublfcf lf crfvt,c& vbmtkfy]tkjv^ vbcbdtsmvbs^ lfdbsbc ufvjcfmfylfrt,kfl kjlc v[jkjl ptlvtnb mdf uffwfkf& [tkjdfyb obyfcofh[tlfdc bvfc^ hfcfw mvybc& flfvbfybc vstkb cfmvbfyj,f fvudfhb itvjmvtlt,ff& flfvbfyc ite'kbfitmvyfc bc^ hfw vfyfvlt fh fhct,j,lf& abkjcjajcb /fyc bjyfcb itvjmvtl flfvbfyc cf[tkcfwfhmvtdc% Homo pictor (Jonas, 1987, ud& 26)^ [jkj vfbcnth trt/fhnb itvjmvtl flfvbfyc eojlt,c @qvthscqvthsib# (Eckehart, 1963, ud& 17)& tc bc sdbct,t,bf^ hjvtksfw vfckjdb @fhfvjnbdbht,ek htfmwbt,c#eojlt,c^ hbsfw [fpc ecdfvc^ hjv flfvbfyb eiefkjl^ cfresfh uflfcfhxtyfl vfs fh cfzbhjt,c(Maslow, 1977, ud& 269)& tc itvjmvtlt,bsj,f @flfvbfybc iblf ,eyt,fib aeylfvtynehb sdbct,bc cf[bscf[kj,c# (Maslow, 1973, ud& 144)& cojhtl itvjmvtlt,bc ybzbf bc^ hfw flfvbfyc qvthssfy ff[kjt,c lf vfc qvthsc fvcufdct,c&flfvbfyib fhbc tc qdsbehb sdbct,f& flfvbfyc ,j't,ekb fmdc qdsbc vcufdcb eyfhb^ itmvyfc f[fkbhfv^ bc^ hfw ]th fh fhct,ekf ,eyt,fib^ bc^ hfw qvthsc sdbsjy fh itemvybf& efbs/tlb fv,j,c%itvjmvtlt,f ghbywbgbf f[kbcfj (Whitehead, 1979, ud& 62)& itvjmvtlt,f lf itvjmvtlt,bsb cfmvbfyj,fufyfgbhj,t,c flfvbfybc qdsbc[fnjdyt,fc lf fhf abpbrehb vcufdct,f& hfcfrdbhdtkbf^ flfvbfybcitvjmvtlt,f v[jkjl ghbywbgekfl fhbc qdsbc vcufdcb lf fhf [fhbc[bsf lf cb'kbthbs& ufhlf itvjmvtlt,bcf^ fhbc rbltd thsb sdbct,f^ hfw flfvbfyc c[df fhct,t,bcufy ufyfc[dfdt,c lfqdsbc[fnjdyt,bc mfhfuvfc udblfcneht,c& tc fhbc fhxtdfybc sfdbceakt,f lf gfce[bcvut,kj,f(ilh& Hargreaves, 1969, ud. 31)& flfvbfyc fmdc ybzb^ ufyfc[dfdjc ,jhjnb lf rtsbkb& tc eyfhb vjxdtyt,ffh fhbc (Polkinghorne, 1998-2, ud& 49)& hjltcfw flfvbfyb ,jhjnt,fc cxflbc^ vfy bwbc^ hfcfw frtst,c&vfcib^ vfhsfkbf^ bvsfdbsdt fhct,j,c cfo.bcb^ hjvtkbw vfc fhxtdfypt vbesbst,c^ vfuhfv bubvfbyw cwjlfdc (Ward, 2000, ud& 33)& hjujhw thb[ ahjvb fv,j,c^ @flfvbfyc ite'kbf^ tsf.dfyjcw[jdtkt,c^ [tt,c^ jmhjc fy mdbc rthgt,c^ e[bkfd qvthsc^ ovbylfyc se tivfrbctekc* ite'kbfûffqvthsjc cfresfhb obyfght,b^ cfresfhb thb^ cfresfhb rkfcb fy gfhnbf^ aekb fy ofhvfnt,f*vbcb htkbubf itb'kt,f [tkc eo.j,ltc yuhtdfc fy cb.dfhekc^ xfudhfc fy 'vj,fc&&&# (Fromm, 1966,

ud& 36)& flfvbfyb sfdbceafkbf fhxtdfyib^ vfuhfv fnfht,c fv fhxtdfybc itltupt gfce[bcvut,kj,fc&bjfyt gfdkt vtjht^ @[blsf vsfdfhvityt,tkb# (pontefex maximus)^ gfgb rfsjkbrehb trktcbbcf^cfresfh ths-ths tywbrkbrfib othc% @bub b'ekt,ekbf^ ufye[htkfl vbbqjc uflfo.dtnbkt,fyb vbcobyfit ofhvjmvybk efvhfd itcf'kt,kj,fc ijhbc lf fvbs^ fvfpt se bvfpt efhb smdfc# (Johannes

Paul II, 1979, ud& 127)& bub b'ekt,ekbf^ fbhxbjc& fvbnjvfw fv,j,lf ;fy-gjk cfhnhb% flfvbfyblfo.tdkbkbfj sfdbceakt,bs (Sartre, 1991)& fv sfdbceakt,fc lf vbcufy ufvjvlbyfht

gfce[bcvut,kj,fc flfvbfyb dthcfl uftmwtdf&19

fv sdfkcfphbcbs^ gbhdtk.jabkb wjldbc vbptpb itb'kt,f bct ufdbujs^hjujhw flfvbfybc vbth cfresfhb qdsbc[fnjdyt,bcf lf^ fvfdt lhjc^fhfchek.jabkt,bc ituyt,f lf fvbc ufvj flfvbfybc ]fy.b& cfmvt bc fhbc^ hjvflfvcf lf tdfc qdsbc obyfit ufvjxtyf ithw[dfs^ hjltcfw vfs qvthsvf vje[vj(lf,& 3&9&-10&)& cbhw[dbkb bc uh'yj,ff^ hjvtkbw udteakt,f^ hjltcfw bctst,b fhdfhs^ hjujht,bw eylf db.js& hjltcfw welb lf rfhub dbwbs^ rfhubcf udb[fhbf^welbcf rb udhw[dtybf& hjltcfw hfbvt yfrkb udfmdc^ - [fk[ib ufvjxtybcfudhw[dtybf& hjltcfw bcts cfmvtc vjdbvjmvtlt,s^ hjvtkcfw xdtyufy fh vjtkbfy^- udhw[dtybf& cbhw[dbkb vjcfkjlytkbcf lf htfkehbc it]f[t,blfy b,flt,f(ilh& Maslow, 1973, ud& 28)& flfvvf^ hjvtkvfw bwjlf^ hjv qvthsvf bub cfresfh[fnfl itmvyf^ dfikbc vbhsvtdbc itvltu lfbyf[f^ hjv fhw bctsbqdsbc[fnjdfybf^ hjujhbw eylf .jabkb.j& lfbyf[f^ hjv bub sfdlfgbhdtk vbpfyc

fcwlf&20

vfy lfbyf[f^ hjv rfhub eylf .jabkb.j lf welb rb fqvjxylf& flfvvfw lf tdfvfwfqvjfxbytc^ hjv^ vbe[tlfdfl vfsib xflt,ekb bltbcf^ - qdsbcvcufdct,bcf^ bcbyb w[jdtkt,c /udfyfy&

(vt dbn.jlb% ufhlf H-bcf^ R lf G rjvgktmct,bw fmds21

)& vtjht v[hbd^ flfvbfyc 'fkbfyfw eylf^qvthsc ufenjkltc^ vbcb vcufdcb^ rfhub b.jc& fvbnjvfw ithw[df flfvc qdsbc obyfit ufvjcdkf&cojhtl tc b.j evsfdhtcb ghj,ktvf% flfvbfyvf fqvjfxbyf^ hjv bub^ vfhsfkbf^ qdsbc vbth lfqdsbc [fnfl itmvybkbf^ vfuhfv vbc ufhitvj fhct,ek w[jdtksf cfv.fhjcfw /ufdc (ilh& Adler,

1997, ud& 57)& flfvbcf lf tdfc vbth cbibidkbc lfyf[df cojhtl fvfpt vbudbsbst,c& vfckjdb fvafmnc vbbxytdc flfvbfybc tupbcntywbfkeh lhfvfl& flfvbfybc 'bhbsflb ghj,ktvf cojhtltupbcntywbfkehb [fcbfsbcff (Maslow, 1973, ud& 175)& vbcb cohfadf cbrfhubcfrty ve[hezlt,f vbcb


10 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

@cbwelbs#& tc b.j flfvbc fv,j[bc cfae'dtkb& ahjvb othc% @flfvbfyb cfo.bcblfydt vtfv,j[tf^hjvtkbw cfresfh sfdib gjntywbehfl qdsft,fc fnfht,c# (Fromm, 1966-1, ud& 23)& flfvbfyb vjco.lfqvthsc lf w[jdtkbc udthlbs lfluf^ sevwfqf^ 'fkbfy yfnhj,lf qvthssfy ufnjkt,fc&gbhdtkcfo.bcb wjldbc vbptpfl ,tdh c[df vjnbdcfw^ vfs ijhbc flfvbfybc .j.kjxbyj,fc lfcbfvf.tcfw^ fcf[tkt,ty^ hjujhw^ vfufkbsfl^ fvthbrtkb htkbubbc abkjcjajcb jkdby gkfynbyuf(Plantinga, 2000, ud& 208)& fvudfhb vblujvf 'ytkb ufcfpbfht,tkbf& flfvbfyb fhbc thsflthsb fhct,f^hjvtkbw qdsbc[fnjdyflff itmvybkb lf fh eylf bfvf.jc fvbs` dby fh bfvf.t,lf^ qdsbc vcufdct,fhjv fqvjtxbyf cfresfh sfdib` flfvbfybc wjldbkj,bc vbptpb vbc vbth fqvjxtybkb vcufdct,ffw[jdtksf cfv.fhjcsfy lf fmtlfy ufvjvlbyfht^ ]fy.bf& fv ]fy.bc itltufl vjco.lf flfvbfybqvthsc^ - ufbhbw[f& c[dfsf ijhbc^ ptvjs yf[ctyt,b /bylebcnb abkjcjajcb hfaftkb vbbxytdc^hjv flfvbfybc gbhdtkcfo.bcb wjldbc fhcb^ vbcb @lfwtvf# cojhtl flfvbfybc qdsbcufy vjo.dtnfib^fye xdtyc vbth rjcvjcbc lfdbo.t,fcf lf vbobthbc oby ofvjotdfib vlujvfhtj,c (Raphael, 1998, ud&85)& stjkjut,b rtbs efhlb lf htb fylthcjybw cojhtl fv qdsbcufy vjo.dtnfc vbbxytdtyflfvbfybc lfwtvfl (Ward, 2000, ud& 39, Anderson, 1998-2, ud& 181)& ufcfut,bf^ hjv cfresfhbfhfchekafcjdyt,bc ituyt,bcfc flfvbfyc hw[dtybf& xdty fh itudb'kbf^ cbhw[dbkb flfvbfybcqdsbc[fnjdyt,bc ybiyfl vbdbxybjs^ hflufy cbhw[dbkb ovbylf flfvbfyehb ufywlff& w[jdtkt,c fhhw[dtybfs% bcbyb bctst,b fhbfy^ hjujhbw qvthsvf itmvyf lf fh eo.bfy fvbc itcf[t,& ghbywbgib^qvthscfw fh eylf hw[dtyjltc* bub chek.jabkbf lf cfcbhw[dj fhfathb fmdc& @vfc fhfdbyvj/rbs[fdc^ se hfcf bmvc# (cehf 21&23)& fvbc cfgbhbcgbhjl^ flfvbfyc hw[dtybf^ hflufy bub fhfhbc bctsb^ hjujhbw itmvytc& fqothbk jh sdbct,fib% itvjmvtlt,fcf lf fhxtdfyib - vlujvfhtj,c flfvbfybc qdsbc[fnjdyt,f –

imago dei lf cfyfv flfvbfyb itvjmvtlt,bsfl cfmvbfyj,c^ wlbkj,c^ sfdbceafkb fhxtdfyb /mjyltc lfgfce[bcvut,kj,bc uh'yj,f fmdc^ bub qdsbcff (ilh& Ward, 2000, ud& 27)& hjltcfw vfc tc sdbct,t,bvjtikt,f^ bub ijhlt,f qvthsc lf w[jdtkc ef[kjdlt,f& tc ofhvjlutyf f[kjf bv fpht,sfyfw^hjvkt,cfw stjkjub vtsbe ajmcb ufvjsmdfvc hegthn itklhtbrsfy lbfkjuib (Sheldrake u.a., 1996,

ud& 38)& vrbs[dtkb vb[dlt,jlf^ hjv vt fv jh sdbct,fc^ bctdt^ hjujhw cbhw[dbkbc eyfhcâcbmjkjubeh tcctib fqothbk H rjvgktmcc vbdfresdyt,& hfcfrdbhdtkbf fhbc xdtyib R lf Grjvgktmct,b^ hjvkt,bw ltlfvbofpt fhct,j,bc cfiefkt,fc udf'ktdc^ fhbc bctsb mwtdfw^ hjvtkbwflfvbfyfl ud[lbc^ vfuhfv evybidytkjdfytcbf bc^ hfw xdty qdsbc vcufdcfl^ vbc [fnfl udfmwtdc&ufhrdtekobkfl^ flfvbfybc ptvjs gjcnekbht,ekb tc cfvb fcgtmnb - H, R lf G rjvgktmct,b^vbcnbrehb res[bs^ 'dtkb^ dtlehb vcjakv[tldtkj,bcfsdbcfw b.j wyj,bkb& dbdtrfyfylf fqothcsfvfpbc^ hf]fc lf cfsdfc lbyfvbrfc^ hjvkblfyfw itudb'kbf lfdfcrdyfs^ hjv sfvfpb R

rjvgktmcc^ hf]f G rjvgktmcc lf cfsdf H rjvgktmcc enjklt,f (Vivekananda, 1986, ud& 127^ ilh&fctdt Jung, 1971, ud& 81)& e'dtktc vbcnbreh it[tlekt,t,ib rfhufl xfyc htbyrfhyfwbbc bltf^ thsb v[hbd^ hjujhw rth'jitvs[dtdf% .jdtkb flfvbfyb vjlbc lf vblbc^ hjv bctd lf,heyltc^ cfyfv fh itfchekt,c cfresfhfvjwfyfc lf^ vtjhtc v[hbd pjuflrjcvjceh fcgtmnib& cekb byrfhybht,fc f[ltyc vfnthbfib lfufhlfmvybc vfc^ hfsf vskbfyj,fc lf thsbfyj,fc vbfqobjc& serb [tldbc fhtfkc ufdfafhsjt,s^lfdbyf[fds^ hjv tc vbcnbrehb vtnfajhf c[df vj'qdht,t,bcsdbcfw yfwyj,bf& bpbcbc lf jcbhbcbccbv,jkjt,b tudbgnehb vbsjkjubblfy c[df fhfathbf^ se fhf fv vybidytkjdfyb vjvtynt,bc fqothf

(ilh& Raphael, 1998, ud& 89)& 22

lfcfdkeh vbcnbreh lf tpjsthbrek vbvlbyfhtj,t,c .jdtksdbc /mjylfs rfdibhb fqvjcfdkehvj'qdht,t,sfy& jhatjccfw^ gbsfujhfcfw^ gkfnjycfw^ gkjnbycfw lf c[dt,cfw^ hjvtksfcofdkt,fybw vbcnbreh [fcbfsc fnfht,c^ vzblhj rfdibht,b eylf /mjyjlfs fqvjcfdktssfy& ]th b.j lf gbsfujhf^ bctdt^ hjujhw fqvjcfdktkt,b^ abmhj,lf^ hjv vfnthbfkehb cfv.fhjqdsbehbc uflvjyfltybf& vtnbw^ bub vbbxytdlf^ hjv bc vfstvfnbrehb cbpecnt^ hjvkbsfw cfv.fhjaeymwbjybht,c^ cojhtl fv ghjwtcbc itltubf (ilh& Dorschner u.a., 1995, ud& 17)& vfcpt fv,j,lyty^ fvwjlyfc fqvjcfdktsib lfteakfj& gkfnjyb cfresfh sbvtjcib fv;qfdyt,c ,hf/vfyekbrjcvjkjubbc qhvf wjlyfc (Plato, 1998-1)& ceabpvvfw ufybwflf fqvjcfdkehb ufdktyf& bc rb fhflf^tuhts ojlt,ek ewyj, okt,ib^ sdbs btcj mhbcntcfw fqvjcfdktsbc mdt.yt,ib eylf tvjupfehf&xdty [jv cf[fht,blfy btcjc w[jdht,fc sjhvtn okfvlt lf vtht^ lff[kjt,bs^ jwlffsb okbcfcfrblfy dbwyj,s& cf[fht,bc vrdktdfhb fljka /jkb othc% @cfertstcj itvs[dtdfib^ cfvb otkb^lfcfidt,bf^ hjv jhb lf^ fk,fs^ eahj v[jkjl hfvltybvt sdt mflfut,lf btcj# (Holl, 1993, ud& 43)&mhbcnjkjub lfdbl akecthbw fct vbbxytdc (Flusser, 1999, ud& 18)& pjubths vrdktdfhc fv sbsmvbcjwokbfyvf ufexbyfht,fv cf,f,b vbcwf^ tvnrbwt,byf^ hjv btcj fv gthbjlib byljtscf lf nb,tnibfqvjcfdkeh cb,h'ytc teakt,jlfj& bc rb fhflf mhbcntc lf rhbiyfcfw fbubdt,ty lf thsbqdsbehb cekbc c[dflfc[df ufyc[tekt,fl vbbxytdty (b[ vfu& Ghjatn> 1997, Ljekbyu> 1997)& vbcnbreh lf tpjsthbrek cofdkt,t,c f[fkb ufaehxmdybc [fyf XIX cfereybc lfcfchekblfylfelufs& tc fqptdt,f^ egbhdtktc .jdkbcf^ lfrfdibht,ekbf fqvjcfdkehb cofdkt,t,bc [tkf[kffqvjxtyfcsfy lfcfdktsbc vbth^ lfo.t,ekb cdfvb dbdtrfyfylfc wyj,bkb ufvjcdkblfy xbrfujchtkbubfsf rjyuhtcpt 1893 otkc lf lfvsfdht,ekb mdt.ybtht,fc vjlt,ekb fehfw[tkb uehet,bsflf whe-vf[fht,kt,bs lqtvlt& vbcnbrfcf lf tpjsthbrfpt ufycfresht,ekb ufdktyf vjf[lbyftktyf ,kfdfncrfbfc cfblevkj stjcjabehvf ljmnhbyfv (<kfdfncrfz> T.& 1998)& vt fh vbylf^ lf dthwitd'kt,^ fm ufydb[bkj .dtkf fv vj'qdht,bcf lf vbvlbyfhtj,bc lfvjrblt,ekt,f htbyrfhyfwbfcsfy&


11 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

fvbnjvfw itdt[t,b v[jkjl vfs ths yfobkc^ hjvtkbw xtvbc fphbs xtvb s[hj,bcfsdbcvybidytkjdfybf& XX cfereybc ths-ths ufdhwtkt,ekb tpjsthekb vj'qdht,f fhbc ueh]btdbcvbcnbrf& sdbs ueh]btdb lblb vbcnbrjcb lf rbltd eahj lblbvbcnbabrfnjhb b.j& vbcb sfyfvtlhjdtt,b lf itubhlt,b fqothty^ hjv bubvelfv wlbkj,lf^ sfd,he lft[dbf ufhitvj v.jab flfvbfyt,bcfsdbc lfrjyaepbeh cbnefwbfib vjtmwbf bcbyb& [ibhfl 'ytkb b.j bvbc ufut,f^cbvfhsktc fv,j,lf ubjhub bdfyjdbxb se qflfj,lf& bc rb fhflf^ ueh]btdbccfv c[dflfc[df ,bjuhfac^ bfrj, ybltkvfyc^ tkbpf,tn dfylth/bkcf lf vfhrhj,thncc^ ueh]btdbc lf,flt,bc cfvb c[dflfc[df sfhbqb^ itcf,fvbcfl - 1866^1873 lf 1877 okt,b fmds vjwtvekb^ [jkj ,hbnfybrf tzdbs fcf[tkt,c 1872otkc (b[& o.fhjt,b)& fctf se bct^ ;jhf ueh]btdb^ hjujhw sdbsjy /.dt,f^XIX cfereybc 60-70-bfy okt,ib vfibyltk fktmcfylhjgjkib lf f[kfyltkubevhbib (ktybyfrfyb) ,th'yek-cjv[eh j]f[ib lfb,flf (Gurdjieff, 1995)& ueh]btdb^ c[dfsf ijhbc^bctdt^ hjujhw tktyf ,kfdfncrfbf^ vzblhjl b.j lfrfdibht,ekb s,bkbcsfy lf cfmfhsdtkjcsfy&sfdbcb @flfvbfybc /fhvjybekb ufydbsfht,bc bycnbnenbc# gbhdtkb dfhbfynb vfy ths vezfitubhlt,sfy thsfl 1919 otkc cojhtl s,bkbcib lfffhcf& tc vj[lf vfc itvltu^ hfw ueh]btdvfztivfhbnt,bc 't,yfib fqvjcfdktsbc mdt.yt,b vjbfhf& fv gthbjlib ueh]btdb wlbkj,lfûftdhwtkt,byf cfresfhb yffphtdb^ hjvtkbw^ 'bhbsflfl^ ceabcnehb vbcnbrehb nhflbwbblfyvjlbjlf lf flfvbfybcf lf rjcvjcbc rfdibhbc itcf[t, 'dtkb lf f[fkb c[dflfc[df vjcfpht,bcyfhtdc ofhvjflutylf& itvlujv^ hjltcfw s,bkbccf lf cfmfhsdtkjc obstkb tivfrb lftgfnhjyfûeh]btdb ]th rjycnfynbyjgjkib^ itvltu rb cfahfyutsib uflfdblf^ cflfw bub ubjhub bdfyjdbxflxfvj.fkb,lf lf 1949 okfvlt lthdbij,lf& vfc efvhfdb itubhlb /.fdlf^ sevwfqf^ ,tdhb vfsufybueh]btdbc vjofatj,fc sfrbkj,lf lf fv afmnc vfkfdlf& ueh]btdc fhfcjltc ewlbf sfdbcbyffphtdbc abkjcjabeh cbcntvfl xfvj.fkb,t,f^ vbe[tlfdfl bvbcf^ hjv vfy hfvltybvt yfihjvblfnjdf (Gurdjiev, 1995, 2000,)& bub eahj fqvjcfdktkb vbcnbrjcb uehec^ vmflfut,kbc lfvfcofdkt,kbc hjkt,c fchekt,lf& vbcb cnbmbf vjofatt,c ijhbc vjhs[vbs xfv]lfhb mflfut,f lfvjkf yfchtlbybc ceabcnehb fytrljnt,bc vj.jkf b.j& vbcsdbc .jdtkudfhb stjhbekb vjltkbv[jkjl ghfmnbrekb dfh]bibsf lf vtwflbytj,bs b[cyt,jlf& bub wlbkj,lf ihjvbs^ cfe,hbsf lfwtrdf-sfvfibs ufvjtsfdbceakt,byf flfvbfyb cfresfhb sfdbcfufy& ueh]btdb vbbxytdlf^ hjv thsbfybvt-c ituh'yt,f itwljvff& flfvbfyc^ thsb rb fhf^ vhfdfkb vt fmdc& flfvbfyb .jdtk ofvc b,flt,f lfrdlt,f& xdty bc fhf dfhs^ hfw db.fdbs ueiby fy ueibyoby& thsbfyb vt bkepbff& vt-t,b ,tdhbf&flfvbfyb ]thfw ufyedbsfht,tkb fhct,ff^ vfc fh uffxybf fhfdbsfhb lfvjerblt,kj,f lfsfdbceakt,f& vstkb vbcb vjmvtlt,f fhbc htfmwbf rjcvjcbc mvtlt,fpt& bub fdnjvfnbf& rb fhfrtst,c sfdbcbs hfbvtc^ fhfvtl vjyfobktj,c ufhtvjib& bc^ hfw [lt,f^ flfvbfyc tvfhst,f^ sfdcuflf[lt,f lf fhf flfvbfybc vbth [lt,f& flfvbfyb fvfc dthw rb [dlt,f^ hflufy vbc [tldfcreknehf^ nhflbwbf^ bcnjhbf f,ytkt,c& fv cb,ytktib flfvbfyc c'byfdc& ueh]btdbc vbpfyb b.jflfvbfybc ufvjsfdbceakt,f fv ,ytkb fdnjvfnbpvblfy& vbcb dfh]bit,b lf ihjvbsb fqphlfvbvfhsekb b.j bvfpt^ hjv flfvbfyc yt,bcvbth ghjwtcib /mjyjlf cfresfhb cfresfh fm lf fv;fvfl.jaybc ituh'yt,f& flfvbfyc eylf it'kt,jlf cfresfh sfdib xfqhvfdt,f^ hfsf fqvjtxbyf bcyfvldbkb lf 'bhbsflb^ hfw vfcib rjcvjcbcufyff& v[jkjl rjcvjcsfy lfrfdibht,bs fhbcitcf'kt,tkb flfvbfybc ztivfhbn fhcfvlt xfqhvfdt,f^ vbfxylf ueh]btdc& .dtkfathb tc ueh]btdsfyerfdibhlt,f hsek rjcvjujybfc^ hjvkbc vsfdfhb bltt,bw ceabpvblfy vjlbc& ueh]btdbc rjcvjcb^]fkfktlby hevbc rdfkfl^ yjnt,bs fhbc fo.j,bkb& vbcb f,cjkenb yjnf lj-f^ cfv.fhj - cb^ltlfvbof - vb^ vpt rb - cjk lf f&i& cfv.fhjc tktvtynsf lf tythubfsf vstkb vj'hfj,f vecbrbsfqbotht,f& ueh]btdbc yffphtdbc^ fct se bct^ vo.j,hb xfvj.fkb,t,f it'kj vbcvf flhbyltkvf vjofatv lfitvlujvib fctdt vbcnbrjcvf vfcofdkt,tkvf thjdyt,bs hecvf gtnht ecgtycrbv (Ouspensky, 1980)& ueh]btdbc yffphtdblfy xtvsdbc ufycfresht,ekfl cfbynthtcjf vbcb stpbcb flfvbfybc cfvbaeymwbjyehb atybc^ @.jabc cfvb ndbybc# itcf[t, (Gurdjiev, 2000, ud& 155-157)& ueh]btdb vbbxytdlf^hjv flfvbfyib cfvb wtynhbf%

1& bycnbymnt,bc^ ctmcefkehb lf vj'hfj,bc^2& uh'yj,f-ufywlbc^3& byntktmnbc&

fv cfvb wtynhblfy bvfhst,f flfvbfybc vstkb mwtdf^ vbbxytdlf ueh]btdb& bcbyb sfylf.jkbkbf(rjcvjcehb fhct,bc^ - @nhbfvfcbrfvjc# yf,j't,bf) lf flfvbfybc vstk [fcbfsc ufyfgbhj,t,c&vcufdcb cbcntvf vt acbmjkjubeh tcctib fqdotht R-G-H rjvgktmct,bc cf[bs^ sevwfqf ueh]btdbvfc eahj vbcnbrehb res[bs [tlfdc^ dblht acbmjkjubehbs& lbl[fyc dzjzvfyj,lb^ se hjvtk fcgtmnib ufyvt[bkf ahfyr nbgkthbc cfv.fhjc vjltkb& ,jkjc^vbcnbreh fcgtmnt,ib xfdhst^ hflufyfw bub^ ghbywbgib^ fhw vfnthbfkbcneh vcjakv[tldtkj,fc lffhw htkbubehc frvf.jabkt,c& abpbrjcb ahfyr nbgkthb^ cfyfv bub cfresfh @erdlfdt,bc abpbrfc# (Tippler, 1994) ufvjfmdt.yt,lf^@yjhvfkehb# vtwybthb^ abpbrbc ghjatcjhb b.j^ hjvtkcfw hfvltybvt cfbynthtcj yfihjvb /mjylflf,tzlbkb& ufycfresht,ek fqybidyfc bvcf[eht,c vbcb ]jy ,fhjecsfy thsfl ufvjmdt.yt,ekbobuyb fyshjgekb ghbywbgbc itcf[t, (b[& Barrow u.a., 1986-2,)&


12 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

XX cfereybc 90-bfy okt,ib nbgkthvf .dtkfyfbh afynfcnbrfc @uflfe]jrhf#^ hjltcfw @erdlfdt,bcabpbrf# ufvjfmdt.yf^ hjvtkibw sfdbcb jvtuf othnbkbc stjhbf fqothf (Tippler, 1994, 1999)& fvbcitvltu ,tdhb ]j[b uflfn.lf ahtyrbc sfdpt (Dorschner, 1995, ud& 127, Polkinghorne, 1998, ud& 21, Worthing,

1996, ud& 60)& abpbrjct,vf bub itfxdtytc^ hflufyfw abpbrbc bc cgtrekfnehb ufut,f^ hjvtkbw fvstjhbfibf vjwtvekb^ fhfyfbh hfwbjyfkeh cfpqdht,ib fh tntdf& ,tdhb abpbrjcb vfc ptlvtnhtkbubehj,fc f,hfkt,c& sfdbc v[hbd^ stjkjut,vfw lf htkbubbc abkjcjajct,vfw fh lffrktc[tkb ahfyr nbgkthc& nbgkthbctekb ,b,kbehb ctyntywbt,bc ufut,f 'ytkfl se frvf.jabkt,c

stbcneh fy ltbcneh vjs[jdyt,c&23

nbgkthbc cfv.fhjc vjltkb^ serb vfc vjrktl ufydb[bkfds^ fctsbf% vstkb cfv.fhj^ flfvbfybcvtidtj,bs^ cf,jkjjl^ ths lbl rjvgbenthfl ufhlfbmvyt,f& tc rjvgbenthb bvltyfl cohfavjmvtlblf v'kfdhb bmyt,f^ hjv itcf'kt,tkb uf[lt,f vfcib ufhlfwdkbk flfvbfysf dbhnefkehb fckt,bcghjuhfvbht,f^ hjvkt,bw fhfahbs bmyt,bfy ufyc[dfdt,ekb htfkehb flfvbfyt,bcufy& nbgkthbvbbxytdc^ hjv cojhtl tc dbhnefkehb rjvgbenthekb cbvekbht,f bmyt,f vtjhtl vjcdkbcf lfvrdlhtsbs fqlujvbc sfyfcojhb& .dtkf fqdclut,bs rjvgbenthib dbhnefkeh fhct,t,fl^ vbbxytdcnbgkthb& vrbs[dtkb^ fk,fs^ lfvtsfy[vt,f^ hjv fvudfh f,lfe,lfcsfy itlfht,bs^ tykbkbcf lfvfhlembc vbsb rfwc ueibyltkb lqbc mhjybrfl vjutxdtyt,f& nbgkthc fv;fvfl cthbjpekflfqfhfdby fqbmdfvc fhw cfvtwybthj^ fhw vtwybtht,bc ufhitvj ohtt,ib& nbgkthbc vjltkib^ vbe[tlfdfl vbcb f,cehlekj,bcf^ ths cfbynthtcj vjvtync vbylf ufdecdf[fpb& jvtuf geymnbc stpbcb sdbs nbgkthbc ufvjyfujyb fh fhbc& bub vtwybtht,fib ahfyuvfbtpebnvf lf cofdkekvf gbth ntbfh lt ifhltyvf itvjbnfyf& gbth ntbfhbc vj'qdht,f sfdbcbfhcbs vtwybtht,fc^ stjkjubfcf lf vbcnbwbpvc ijhbc lufc& ntbfhb^ hjvtkbw XX cfereybcgbhdtk yf[tdfhib vjqdfotj,lf^ ufhlf btpebnehb jhltybc otdhj,bcf^ cthbjpek cfvtwybthjcfmvbfyj,fcfw totjlf& bubf cbyfyshjgbc 'dkt,bc ths-thsb fqvjvxtybw& vfc itvltu^ hfw vfysfdbcb it[tlekt,t,b ufvjfmdt.yf^ bub trktcbbc vbth vjrdtsbk bmyf& ntbfhbc stpbcsf 'bhbsflbfphb vlujvfhtj,c cfv.fhjc vj'hfj,bc fqbfht,fib fkaflfy jvtufcfrty (a - w)& jvtufâfmnj,hbdfl qvthsbf^ hjvtkcfw flfvbfyb sfylfsfy ef[kjdlt,f& ntbfhb fqbfht,c tdjkewbfc^sevwf^ vbc cfae'dkfl qdsbeh 'fkfc vbbxytdc& fctsb 'fkf @rjcvjcehb mhbcntf^# hjvtkbwcfv.fhjc fydbsfht,c& ntbfhbc jvtuf cfv.fhjc tdjkewbbc cf,jkjj othnbkbf^ cflfvltweybdthcevbc mcjdbkbc ufydbsfht,fc vbd.fdfhs (Teillhard, 1987, 1993)& ntbfhlbpvvf lblb ufdktyfvjf[lbyf XX cfereybc abkjcjabeh lf stjkjubeh it[tlekt,t,pt& vbcb bltt,b hecekrjcvbpvsfyfw^ ufycfresht,bs lblb fktmcfylh dthyflcrbc bltt,sfyfw f[kjf (Dthyflcrbq> 1922, 1926)&bltfsf fv ohtc vbtresdyt,f fctdt yjjcathjc - ujybthb cathjc wyt,fw^ hjvtkcfw^ hjujhwdthyflcrb^ bctdt ntbfhb^ ltlfvbofpt ofhvjmvybkb ujybc cathjc fqcfybiyfdfl b.tyt,ty& yjjcathjâfmnj,hbdfl ,bjcathjc ufydbsfht,bc yf.jabf lf flfvbfysfy thsfl .fkb,lt,f& fv wyt,bc ae'tyecb - nouV -ujybf& vbcnbrehb cofdkt,t,blfy ufycfresht,bs vbylf ufvjd.j heljka infbythbc fyshjgjcjabf& vt vfcfm itdt[t,b^ hflufyfw tc cofdkt,f hjujhw lfcfdkeh^ bctdt fqvjcfdkeh nhflbwbfcbsdfkbcobyt,c& ufhlf fvbcf^ fyshjgjcjabfib sfdb vjb.fhf .dtkf bv 'bhbsflvf bltfv^ hjvkt,bwlfcfdkehb vbcnbrehb lf tpjsthekb nhflbwbbcfsdbc b.j lfvf[fcbfst,tkb& vbylf^ fvbsdbcfhut,kj lf tc bltt,bw infbythbc vj'qdht,bc rjyntmcnib ufydb[bkj& sfdblfydt itdybiyfd%heljka infbythbc sbsmvbc .dtkf yfihjvbc ofrbs[dbcfc^ 'fkbfy s,bkb^ flfvbfyehb ufywlflfvteakf& infbythbc vj'qdht,f cfdctf cbrtsbs lf flfvbfybc fgjkjutnbrbs&ufcfsdfkbcobyt,tkbf^ hjv infbythbc vbcnbrf v[jkjl stjhbekb ctyntywbt,bs fh bafhukt,f& fvvj'qdht,blfy ufvjvlbyfhtj,c vhfdfkb cfcjakj-cfvtehytj vtsjlb^ hfw ,bjkjubehfl ceasfvjcfdkbc fqt,bc cfiefkt,fc b'ktdf& rbltd thsb lfhubf fknthyfnbekb vtlbwbyf& infbythbcvj'qdht,blfy ufvjvlbyfht^ cfvtlbwbyj cfmvbfyj,f lf ghtgfhfnt,b^ hjvkt,bw itcf,fvbcbghbywbgt,bc cfae'dtkpt vpfllt,f^ cek eahj vybidytkjdfy hjkc fchekt,ty flfvbfybc]fyvhstkj,bc ufyvnrbwt,fib& lblbf infbythbc qdfokb fqphlbc cfrbs[t,ib& dfkljhabc crjkt,b^hjvkt,bw fctdt fyshjgjcjabekb vj'qdht,bc cfae'dtkpt vjmvtlt,ty^ 'fkpt lbl hjkcfchekt,ty lfcfdktsbc mdt.yt,bc fqvphltkj,bs cbcntvt,ib& hfvltyflfw xtvsdbc wyj,bkbf^s,bkbcibw eylf vjmvtlt,ltc fyshjgjcjabekfl uffpht,ekb cfvtlbwbyj wtynhb lf dfkljhabccfcofdkt,tkb& lfde,heylts infbythbc vj'qdht,bc 'bhbsfl vjvtynt,c& sdbs ljmnjh infbythc bvltyb hfv fmdclfothbkb^ hjv vbcb ufhlfwdfkt,bc itvltu (1925 otkc) ]th rbltd fh fhbc .dtkfathbufvjmdt.yt,ekb (b[& o.fhjt,b)& bc^ hfw fv;fvfl [tkvbcfodljvbf^ fstekj,bs cmtknfybfy njvcitflutyc lf t[t,f .dtkf cathjc% lfo.t,ekb cjakbc vtehytj,blfy^ lfvsfdht,ekbhjptyrhjbwtht,bc hjkbs ief cfereytt,bc lfcfdkts tdhjgfib& infbythb cfresfh sfdc mhbcntcvbvltdhfl vbbxytdlf& vt [fpufcvbs fh dfv,j, mhbcnbfyj,bc vbvltdhfl^ hflufyfw mhbcntcvbvltdhj,f ,tdhbcfsdbc fh ybiyfdc mhbcnbfyekb trktcbbc vbvltdhj,fc& vfssdbc trktcbf v[jkjlvfw[jdhbc c[tekbf lf fhf cekb (1 rjh& 12&27)& trktcbf^ hjujhw cfpjufljt,hbdb bycnbnenb^vjmvtlt,c bctdt^ hjujhw yt,bcvbthb c[df cfpjufljt,hbdb lfotct,ekt,f% vfc fmdc cfresfhbbthfhmbf^ vfhsdbcf lf fqvfchekt,tkbcbcntvt,b lf f&i& trktcbf bctdt vjyfobktj,c cfpjufljt,bcfqvfcdkfcf se rhbpbcib^ hjujhw yt,bcvbthb c[df bycnbnenb (ilh& Laszlo u.a.,

1999, ud& 81)& hfw itt[t,f hovtyfc lf qdsft,fcsfy rfdibhc^ tc .jdtkb flfvbfybc'fkpt bynbvehb^ gbhflb cfmvtf lf .jdtksdbc fh vjbs[jdc ufypjuflt,fc


13 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

(ufy-cfpjufljt,fc)& mhbcnt [jv fv,j,c% @vt dfh upf^ ztivfhbnt,f lf cbwjw[kt#

(bjfy& 14&6&)& bub fm fh f[ctyt,c trktcbfc (ilh& Hoppe, 1996, ud& 72)&24

mhbcntcsfyvbcdkf fh ybiyfdc fewbkt,kfl trktcbfpt ufdkfc& serb qdsft,fptf cfe,fhb^qdsft,f .dtkufy fhbc* fhf vfhnj trktcbfib^ fhf vfhnj nf'fhib^ fhf vfhnjvjyfcnthib& vfbcnth tr/fhnb qdsbc cf.jdtksfj,fc fct ufvj[fnfdc% @qvthsb fctdt.dtkf flubkfcff^ lf .jdtk flubkfc qvthsb chekflff# (Eckehart, 1963, ud& 16)& @bubxdtyibwff^# - fv,j,c hfl/frhbiyfyb (Radhakrishnan, 1961, ud& 82)& fvfc rdthc erhfdcdbdtrfyfylfw% @htkbubf bctsb hfv fhbc^ hfw eiefkjl xtvcf lf qvthsc ijhbc'tdc&&&# (Vivekananda, 1986, ud& 80)& qvthsb cek xtvsfyff^ serb vt dfh vfcsfy&@&&&cflfw jhb fy cfvbf itrht,bkb xtvb cf[tkbs^ vtw bmf dfh vfs ijhbc#^ - fv,j,c vfw[jdfhb (vfs&^18&20)& @qvthsb fqvjcfdktscfw lf lfcfdktscfw tresdybc& cfbsfw cfkjwfdfl vbnhbfklt,bs^qdsbc cf[tw bm bmyt,f& bub .dtkfathc vjbwfdc lf vfy .dtkfathb bwbc# (cehf 2&115)&hfcfrdbhdtkbf^ vwlfhb bmyt,jlf bvbc vnrbwt,f^ hjv trktcbbcf lf cftrktcbj bycnbnent,bcvybidytkj,f vwbhtf& gbhbmbs^ cftrktcbj bycnbnenb ufye.htkb yfobkbf bv vskbfybcf^ hfcfwqdsbc hovtyf tojlt,f& dbdtrfyfylfcb fh b.jc^ @f,f^ vjfijhts htkbubf cfpjufljt,fc lf yf[ts^hfqf lfhxt,f!# (Vivekananda, 1986 ud& 77)& nf'fhb fhf vfhnj fhmbntmnehekb yfut,j,ff^ fhfvtlrfwj,hbj,bc cekbtht,bc elbltcb vjyfgjdfhbf& fvbnjvfw vrbs[dtkb ye ufbut,c ptvjs vj.dfybkvc]tkj,fc bct^ sbsmjclf vt trktcbbc^ hjujhw cfpjufljt,hbdb bycnbnenbc^ obyffqvltub db.j*gbhbmbs^ - vjhoveyt flfvbfybcsdbc trktcbf bc cekcf.eltkbf^ cflfw eptyftcsfy rfdibhb ,tdhfleahj v'fahfl fqbmvt,f^ dblht c[dfufy& hf[fy trktcbfpt xfvjdfhlf cfe,fhb^ fmdt vbylf [fpb ufdecdf trktcbbc pjubthsb vcf[ehbcufehrdtdtk lf vwlfhlfvjrblt,ekt,fc c[df it[tlekt,t,bc vbvfhs& hjltcfw tcf se bchtkbubehb vbvlbyfhtj,f fvnrbwt,c^ hjv f,cjkeneh ztivfhbnt,fc akj,c qdsbc^ rjcvjcbcf lfflfvbfybc itcf[t, lf .dtkfathb lfyfhxtyb v[jkjl vodfkt,kj,ff^ fvfy v[jkjl qbvbkb itb'kt,fufvjbodbjc& vbs evtntc^ ufeut,fhbf pjubthsb vfhskvflblt,tkb vcf[ehbc iteo.yfht,tkblfvjrblt,ekt,f c[df it[tlekt,t,bcflvb& fvudfhb gjpbwbf pbpqbcf lf vnhj,bc ufqdbdt,fc eahjeo.j,c [tkc^ dblht mhbcntcvbthb cb.dfhekbcf lf 'vj,bc lfvrdblht,fc (ilh& Ward, 2000, ud& 67)&vfufkbsfl^ thjdyt,bs hecb fhmbvfylhbn hfaftkbc @cfe,ht,b vfhskvflblt,kj,fpt# vbylfdf[ctyj& gfnbdwtvekb fhmbvfylhbnb btpebnehb iteo.yfht,kj,bs tc[vbc sfdc vfhskvflblt,kj,bcufhlf .dtkf c[df htkbubeh se fhfhtkbubeh vcjakv[tldtkj,fc& fv obuyib fdnjhvf^ dbcfw rbit'kj^ .dtkfc @uflfefhf#^ lfo.t,ekb fqvjcfdkehb vj'qdht,t,blfy^ lfvsfdht,ekb mhbcnbfyekbctmnt,bs lf sfyfvtlhjdt gjgekfhekb vothkt,bs& cfthsjl^ vothfk-gjtnt,sfy fhmbvfylhbnbvo.hfkfl fhbc& bub othc% @&&&vothkt,cf lf gjtnt,c ijhbc bidbfsfl se .jabkf yfvldbkflhtkbubehb flfvbfyb# (hfaftkb^ 1994^ ud& 14)& fhf vujybf^ hjv vbcb iteo.yfht,tkb jhsjljmcekbgjpbwbf sdbs trktcbfibdt lbl ufcfmfyc /gjekj,ltc& fvudfh gjpbwbt,c hfl/frhbiyfybujyt,fvf[dbkehfl eojlt,c @htkbubeh ,jkitdbpvc# lf udfahs[bkt,c vfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs(Radhakrishnan, 1961, ud& 61)& mhbcnbfyb stjkjub rtyts efhlbw uvj,c fv gjpbwbfc lf udbhxtdcmhbcnbfyek itvo.yfht,kj,fc (Ward, 2000, ud& 66)& sdbs .ehfybwf lf ve/fvtlbc flfsb^ hjvtkcfwdbsjvlf t.hlyj,bfy veckbvb aeylfvtynfkbcnt,b^ te,yt,f cfresfh ]fvffsc% @lf'fkt,f hovtyfibfh itb'kt,f#-j (cehf 2&256)& vt fh duekbc[vj, htkbubeh bylbathtynbpvc^ fhfvtlh]eksitvo.yfht,kj,fc vjhoveyt flfvbfybcfufy^ hjltcfw bub @hovtybc cbcfdcblfy lf evfqktcbpytj,hbdb 'fkbc ufwyj,btht,blfy ufvjvlbyfhtj,c&&&# (bkbf vtjht^ 2000)& vflkj,f eafkc^ vhfdkflfhbfy^ vfs ijhbc xdtyibw^ cfqfl vjfphjdyt htkbubehb fdnjht,b lf .dtkf fh flufc vfvfcthfabv hjepbc^ fhmbvfylhbn hfaftkbc lf vfslfudfhsf ,todbc [blc (b[& seylfw% ]fafhb't^1994)& heljka infbythbc mhbcnbfyekb gjpbwbf ufvjb[fnf ujkujsbc fgjkjubfib& ujkujsbc upbs

bqt,c wjldt,c cfresfh sfdpt vfw[jdfhb& ujkujsf25 fhbc bc cbvfqkt^ hjvtkcfw flfvbfyvf eylf

vbfqobjc^ hfsf fvfqkt,f it'kjc& ,elbpvib tc vjvtynb fh abuehbht,c& ,elfc vfmcbvevb -ufyfskt,f^ yfskfl yfst,ff& mhbcntc tc yfskfl yfst,f ujkujsfvlt fmdc& hjujhw ptvjsfwdf[ctyt^ bub fvbs fh fvsfdht,c cfresfh vjqdfotj,fc ltlfvbofpt^ fhfvtl fuh'tkt,c vfc^ hfsfflfvbfyt,c bc 'bhbsflb wyj,f vbfojljc^ hbcsdbcfw bub vfvfv ufvjupfdyf% ujkujsbc upbsfvfqkt,bcfrty! tc vjvtynb evybidytkjdfytcbf lfcfdkehb wbdbkbpfwbbcfsdbc& ghbywbgib^mhbcnbfyj,fpt lfaeyt,ekb wbdbkbpfwbbc itmvyf v[jkjl fv upbs uf[lf itcf'kt,tkb% hovtybsîhjvbsf lf nfydbs fvfqkt,bcfrty! flfvbfybc lf flfvbfybc ufydbsfht,bc infbythbctekb rjywtawbf cfrvfjl lf[kfhsekb lf,eyljdfybf& cfresfh 'bhbsfl vjvtynt,ib bub dtleh lf c[df fqvjcfdkeh o.fhjt,c t.hlyj,f&ufhlf fvbcf^ fyshjgjcjabbc 'bhbsfl ,bhsdc itflutyc stjcjabehb vcjakv[tldtkj,f^ hjvtkbwXIX cfereytib xfvjf.fkb,f tktyf ,kfdfncrfbfv lf itvlujvib fyyt ,tpfynvf^ tlefhl iehtv lfc[dt,vf lf[dtotc (b[& o.fhjt,b)& stjcjabfc lqtc sbsmvbc fqfh uffxybf fhfdbsfhb cthbjpekbufdktyf lf dbohj ctmnt,fl fhbc lfmcfmcekb& fvbc cfgbhbcgbhjl^ fyshjgjcjabf tdhjgbcf lffvthbrbc mdt.yt,ib ufhrdtek hjkc fchekt,c cfpjufljt,fib& infbythbc vb[tldbs^ 'bhbsflb tktvtynb flfvbfyib fhbc bylbdblefkehb @vt#^ hjvtkbw erdlfdbflf thsb w[jdht,blfy vtjhtib vjupfehj,c& @vt# fuhjdt,c ufvjwlbkt,fc^ hjvtkbw sfylfsfy^w[jdht,t,bclf vb[tldbs^ vfcib lfbktmt,f& @vt# wlbkj,c^ cf,jkjj ]fvib^ qdsft,fc itethsltc&tc @vt#^ hjvtkcfw infbythb bylbdblc eojlt,c (gbhjdyt,bc cfgbhbcgbhjl^ hfw bylbdblbcw[jdht,bctek ufy-[jhwbtkt,fc ybiyfdc)^ dbsfhlt,f&


14 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

@vt#-c ufhlf^ .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc abpbrehb c[tekb^ hjvtkbw vij,kt,bcufy itb'byt,f^ tsthekbc[tekb^ hjvtkbw abpbreh c[tekc vfhsfdc lf fcnhfkehb c[tekb^ hjvtkbw cohfadt,bc^cehdbkt,bcf lf ujyt,bc cf.eltkbf& ufhlf fvbcf^ flfvbfyc rbltd cfvb cbahbafyf itvflutytkbyfobkb fmdc^ hjvkt,bw uflfqvf cfv.fhjibf fmnefkehb& hfw itt[t,f .jdtklqbehj,fc^ fmvjmvtlt,ty abpbrehb^ tsthekb^ fcnhfkehb c[tekt,b lf bylbdblefkehb @vt#^ hjujhw obyf cfvbcrdbyntctywbf& abpbrehb c[tekbc ufhlfwdfkt,bcfc tsthekb c[tekbw ytk-ytkf mht,f (3^5-9

lqt26)& itvltu mht,f fcnhfkehb c[tekb (40-49 lqt) lf hxt,f bylbdblb - @vt#^ hjvtkvfw

v[jkjl evybidytkjdfytcb ufvjwlbkt,f itbyfhxeyf& tc @vt# cfbmbjib vjupfehj,c lf cfresfhbq,fkc ffyfkbpt,c (ilh& Kakuska, 1984, ud& 58)& fyutkjpt,bcf lf c[df cekbth fhct,fsfhxtdf-lf[vfht,bs^ bub itvlujv w[jdht,fib vjlbc lf wlbkj,c sfdbcb vbpyt,bc itchekt,fc&infbythc vnrbwtl c]thjlf htbyrfhyfwbbcf& bub vbbxytdlf^ hjv xdtyc w[jdht,fc v[jkjl vfibyfmdc fphb^ hjltcfw xdtyb ltlfvbofpt .jayf v[jkjl fv w[jdht,bs fh itvjbafhukt,f& tc fhbchtbyrfhyfwbbc vjv[htsf 'bhbsflb fhuevtynb fhf vfhnj fyshjgjcjabfib^ fhfvtl c[df vbcnbrehvj'qdht,t,ibw& fm kjubrf vfhnbdbf% serb qvthsvf itmvyf flfvbfyb^ vfiby fv .dtkfathc hfqfwfphb eylf /mjyltc& tc fphb fh itb'kt,f v[jkjl thsb w[jdht,bs itvjbafhukjc& vt db,flt,b^dbphlt,b^ dcfmvbfyj, lf drdlt,b& thsb cbvlblhtcf lf ufyw[hjvfib b,flt,f^ vtjht - cbqfnfrtcflf jvib& hfnjv` yese qvthsb^ hjvtkvfw xdty itudmvyf^ fctsb obylfe[tlfdbf` vfi^ hf fphb/mjylf cfthsjl^ flfvbfybc itmvyfc` hf fphb /mjylf fvlty ihjvfc^ odfkt,fc^ nrbdbkc` tc fphbv[jkjl htbyrfhyfwbbc vtidtj,bs itb'kt,f ufvjxyltc& serb dbuekbc[vt,^ hjv qvthsc rtsbkbvbpfyb fmdc^ lfdbyf[fd^ hjv xtvb vjcdkf ltlfvbofpt ufvjwlbkt,bc lfuhjdt,fc tvcf[eht,f& vtdcofdkj,^ @vt# cofdkj,c& w[jdht,blfy w[jdht,fib uflfcdkbs @vt# ,h'tylt,f^ ufvjwlbkt,fcfuhjdt,c& fv ufvjwlbkt,bs flfvbfybc cekc (fy @vt#-c) ite'kbf fdbltc thsb cfat[ehbs vfqkfrjcvjceh bthfhmbfib& cfthsj ]fvib^ heljka infbythbc vjqdht,f flfvbfyc rjcvjceh cekbthfhct,fsf hbuib f.tyt,c lf xdtyc vbobth w[jdht,fc fphc f'ktdc& fvudfhb vblujvf lflt,bsfl o.dtnc bv obyffqvltuj,fc^ hjvtkcfw ptvjs itdt[t f,hfvbcnekbvj'qdht,t,bcufy[bkdbcfc% flfvbfyb fhf thsb w[jdht,bs w[jdhj,c lf cek-[jhwbtkfl fqlut,f^

fhfvtl v[jkjl bylbdblefkehfl^ sfdbcb fhf[jhwbtkb @vt#-sb ethslt,fqdsft,fc& fvbs fctdt vfhsklt,f @mhbcnbfyekb bvtlb cbrdlbkbcvbqvf[dtlhbcf# (Polkinghorn, 1998-2, ud& 57)^ fylf @bvtlb thsbfyj,bcf# (Barth, 1947, ud&39)& vfhsfkbf^ fv vjltkib cek-[jhwtekb fqlujvbc ghj,ktvfuflfo.dtnbkbf^ vfuhfv xylt,f eahj hsekb^ - rth'jl^ cbwjw[kbc fphbcghj,ktvf& flfvbfybc fhct,j,f fm thsb cbwjw[kbc cfpqdht,blfy uflbc lfhsek^ vfuhfv evbpyj ath[ekib thsdt,f& fm thsb rb fhf^ vhfdfkb upffufcfdktkb& rfvbec vbsbeh cbpbatcfdbs efvhfd]th eylf twflj mdbcuflfujht,fc vsfpt lf ,jkjc vfbyw dth fpblj& fm cfe,fhbf ecfchekj,fpt& xdtyb fhct,j,bc ths-thsb ehsektcb ghj,ktvftupbcntywbfkehb [fcbfsbcff& tc ghj,ktvf cfrvfjl qhvfl fhbc ufvjrdktekbtuhts ojlt,ekb w[jdht,bc abkjcjabbc vbvltdfhsf ihjvt,ib& XX cfereytib

bub ,tdhvf lffveifdf& vfs ijhbc ufvjd.jalb vfhnby /fbltuthcf lf ;fy-gjk cfhnhc (b[& o.fhjt,bHeidegger, 1993, Sartrè, 1993)& flfvbfyb sfdbcb .jabs qvthscf lf ltlfvbofc ijhbc eotcjl fhbc ufx[thbkb lf dth /gjdt,ccfresfhb fhct,j,bc fphc& /fbltuthbc vb[tldbs^ - flfvbfyb @vbdbo.t,ekb lf vbult,ekbf.jabtht,fib# (Heidegger, 1943, ud& 13^ 40)& fm .dtkfathb ofhvfdfkbf^ vstkb w[jdht,bctekbnfy]df-ofvt,f rb - aezb& tc itujyt,f ]th rbltd 'dtk fqsmvfib ud[dlt,f% @&&&fvfjt,f fvfjt,fsf^.jdtkbdt fvfjf# (trk& 1&2)& hjltcfw XIX cfereytib ahblhb[ ybwitv^ - @mhbcntc fv vnthvf#(nthvbyb% Kolakowski, 1993, ud& 263) @qvthsb vjrkf# lf fvbs flfvbfyc gkfnjyehb cfv.fhj ofeifkf^flfvbfyb ecf.hltyjl ufvjtrblf rjcvjcbc erbltufyj cbdhwtib (ilh& Jonas, 1987, ud& 16-18)&gkfnjyehb cfv.fhj flht rfhyf[j,lf flfvbfyc^ se cfbs tdkj& f[kf^ hjltcfw tc upbcvfxdtyt,tkb xfvj[cytc^ flfvbfyc jhbtynfwbf lftrfhuf& Quo vadis? cfbs` fv itrbs[dfpt htbyrfhyfwbbc vjv[htsf gfce[b yfstkbf% ybhdfybcfrty! [cybcfrty! thsb w[jdht,f fhfhbc vstkb ztivfhbnt,f& ztivfhbnt,f ecfchekj,ff& cekb vjlbc lf vblbc^ cfyfv erbltufyjvfhflbcj,fc fh itethslt,f& serb tupbcntywbfkeh ghj,ktvfc fv sdfkcfphbcbs itd[tlfds^yfstkb [lt,f^ hjv rbltd eahj nhfubrekb ghj,ktvbc obyfit dlut,bs& vt se fh vbylf^ tcecfchekj,f lf uflb-ufvjlb^ serb fhw cfvjs[t vfbynthtct,c^ fhw ]j]j[tsb^ fhw erdlfdt,f`vfiby hf dmyf` cfbs ofdblt` serb @fqfh vbylf sfvfib#` vfhskfw bctsb f,cehlekbf cbrdlbkb^hjujhw tc cfhnhc vbfxylf` (Sartre, 1993, ud& 917) sdbsvrdktkj,fc sbsmvbc .dtkf htkbubf rh'fkfdc& f,hfvbcnekb htkbubehb it[tlekt,bs^sdbsvrdktkb bcts ]j]j[tsib [dlt,f^ hjv tc w[jdht,f bvfcsfy vjyfujybf& fqvjcfdkehcofdkt,t,ib^ ity ubylf sfdb vjbrfkb lf ubylf ,hf/vfgenhfib uflfdfhlb^ - cekb erdlfdbf lfitvltu w[jdht,fib bmblfy uffuh'tkt,^ cflfw fv w[jdht,fib itxthlb& itb'kt,f lblb ]fhbvt,bwfbrblj lf ]fbyt,sfy vothfl vj[dblt fy acbmjgfnfl lfb,flj lble,tib lf vstkb w[jdht,fvtpj,kt,c ythdt,b eifkj& vjrktl^ hf[fy qvthsvf ufufxbyf^ eylf bwjw[kj^ eylf b]f[bhj&hjujhw vfbcnth trt/fhnb fqybiyfdc^ @.jdtkb cekb vfvbc vbth cfvelfvjl ufxtybkb idbkbfj#(Eckehart, 1963, ud& 48)& fctdt vbbxytdc dbdtrfyfylf% wyj,btht,f erdlfdbf^ fhfdbc ite'kbf vjrdltc lf


15 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

ecfchekjyb dfhsj (Vivekananda, 1986, ud& 103^ 215)& .ehfyb fv,j,c% vjhoveytc cfvelfvj cfvjs[têhoveyjc lf wjldbkc rb cfvelfvj ]j]j[tsbc wtw[kb tkbsj (cehf 2&81-82)& fhct,j,f flfvbfycvbc]bkb ufmdc& hjujhw ijgty/fethb bn.jlf% @cfv.fhj cfc]tkbc vjcf[ltkb flubkbf^ tct bub^fvfdlhjekfl^ cfgfnbvhj&&&#-j (Schopenhauer, 1960, ud& 173)& tc rbltd fhfathb^ hjltcfw rfhvfc uffchekt,^ - ufmht,b& bc lfutvfhst,f^ hfw itvyf[dtkbcfkfhjc rkbtynsf lfyfpjut,c lftvfhsf cf,zjsf rfdibhbc lfikbcfc% vstkb w[jdht,f rfgbrcrfgbrpt fot,t,lyty lf ths vidtybth lqtc vstkb lfyfpjub ufmhf& fv lfyfpjubdbs ufmht,b jltcvt&ybhdfyfib fy ,hf/vfyib xf,heyt,f vfbyw dth f'ktdc fphc xtvc fhct,j,fc& tut, vt fh vbyljlf^ hjveptyftcc itdtmvtyb` vrbs[f^ hjwf vfxtylf` se^ bctf cfmvt^ hjujhw ths cbvqthfib% @se ufvfxbyt^rbltw vfhxbyt^ e,tleht,fc uflfvfhxbyt&&&#` hjv vwjlyjlf^ hjv fhct,j,f fctsb 'ytkbf^ itb'kt,ffhw lfdsfy[vt,ekb.fd& fv itvs[dtdfib^ fhw bc ecfchekj ufyw[hjvff vbvpbldtkb^ hjvtkcfw

f,hfvbcnekb htkbubt,b /gbhlt,bfy vfhskvjhoveyt vhtdkc&27 ecfchekj ufyw[hjvf` tc [jv

bctsbdt nfy]dff^ hfw ecfchekj odfkt,f! fhct,j,c hfbvt^ hfw^ serb ecfchekj bmyt,f^ cfcbfvjdyjlf fcfnfybf` cfresfh ths-ths ktmcib ahblhb[ ybwit fv vjkjlbyc fct ufvj[fnfdc% lf

itvjvwbybc ekfvfptcb ehx[ekb^ - vfhflbcj,fj (Nietzsche, 1994, ud& 56)&28 cfl fhbc bc .,flfqt,ekb

sfdbceakt,f^ hjvtkptw fvltyc kfgfhfrj,ty abkjcjajct,b!` fb^ tc fhbc flfvbfybc fhct,j,bc ztivfhbnb ghj,ktvf lf fhf ijgty/fethbctekb @'hojkfcbrdlbkbc obyfit# (Schopenhauer, 1999, ud& 14)^ fy /fbltuthbctekb @fhfhfj,fib sfdit.jabkj,f# lf@sdbs'hojkf .jabtht,bcf# (Heidegger, 1943, ud& 38, Heidegger, 1993, ud& 141)& tc eahj rbhrtujhbccfcjofhrdtsbkb @nfy]dff bvbc obyfit^ hjv cbrdlbkb dth it'kj# (Kirkegaard, 1997, ud& 19)& fh vbylfbvbc smvf^ hjv tc vfhflbcj,f ecfsejl ecfchekjl welb lf vnfy]dtkbf& bub itb'kt,fibuflfibu uflfcfhtdbw b.jc& vfuhfv ecfchekjl` ghj,ktvf bc fhbc^ hjv vt tc fh dbwb! fh dbwb^hf vtkbc& vt v[jkjl itvb'kbf bvfpt cgtrekbht,f se hf itb'kt,f vtkjltc& .jdtk itvs[dtdfib'ytkb lfcf]tht,tkbf^ hjv qvthsb ekvj,tkb b.jc lf xdtypt ecfchekj vnfy]dtk tmcgthbvtyncfnfht,ltc (Jonas, 1987, ud& 53)& rfynb fv ghj,ktvfc fct f.fkb,t,c% @xtvb ujyt,bc vstkb bynthtcb (hjujhw cgtrekfnehbc^ bctdt ghfmnbrekbc) thsbfylt,f vjvltdyjcfv itrbs[dfib%

1& hf itvb'kbf dbwjlt`2& hf eylf dfrtsj`3& hbcb bvtlb itb'kt,f vmjyltc`# (Kant, 1998, ud& 838^ B833)

serb vjdbmwtdb^ hjujhw eylf dbmwtjlt^ ufdfrtst,^ hfw vjvts[jdt,f^ - hbcb bvtlb eylf vmjyltc`hf ]bkljc fy cfc]tkc vbdbqt,` hf bmyt,f ,jkjc` vjrktl^ xdtyc ghj,ktvfc dthw htbyrfhyfwbf lf dthw vrdlhtsbs fqlujvf o.dtnc& fm itb'kt,fpjubths vrbs[dtkc vjcfpht,f ufexyltc^ hjv xdty xdtyb vbobthb ujyt,bs dth itdodlt,bsvrdlhtsbs fqlujvbc itvlujvb vfhflb fhct,j,bc cblbfltc lf fvbnjv cfthsjl^ eakt,fw rb fhvmjylf^ xtvb vbobthb ufh.dybkb fphjdyt,bs fv cfses cfrbs[c itd[t,jlb* hjltcfw @bm# dbmyt,bs^c[dfudfhfl ufdbfpht,s .dtkfathc& fv rhbnbrfpt xtvb gfce[b vfhnbdbf& serb cfe,fhbf xtvpt lf@vt#-pt^ vfiby ghj,ktvf fh bwdkt,f* xtvb lqtdfyltkb fpht,b xtvb yfobkbf& bc^ hjv vtvfhflbcj,f vjcfo.tyfl lf vnfy]dtkfl vtxdtyt,f^ tctw vt dfh^ tctw xtvb yfobkbf& serb bm vt - vteylf db.j^ vfiby ghj,ktvf hxt,f (ilh& bj,& 19&27&)& serb bm vt - vt fqfh eylf db.j^ vfibyghj,ktvf eahj v'fahfl lut,f (ilh& Peterson u.a., 1998, ud& 217)& fv erfyfcrytk itvs[dtdfib^fhct,j,bc fphb sdfkcf lf [tkc ief brfhut,f& stjkjut,sfy ud[dlt,f rbltd thsb vjcfpht,f vjvfdfkb ecfchekj,bc itcf[t,^ hjvkbsfw^ghbywbgib^ egbhbcgbhlt,bfy vfhflbcj,bc fv @vj,tpht,fc#& tc fhbc vjcfpht,f bvbc itcf[t,^ hjvvrdlhtsbs fqvlufhsf cfv.fhjib lhj cfthsjl fh bfhct,t,c (Dorschner u.a., 1995, ud& 157)& qdsbcecfchekj,f^ vfhflbcj,f rb fhf^ lhjbc ufhtit fhct,j,ff& fqlujvbc itvlujvb w[jdht,f^ xdtyblhjbcvbthb w[jdht,bc ufuh'tkt,f rb fhf^ ghbywbgekfl f[kt,ehb fhct,j,ff (Peterson u.a., 1998, ud&215)& bctdt^ hjujhw efphj,ff itrbs[dbc lfcvf bvbc itcf[t,^ se hfc frtst,lf qvthsb cfv.fhjcitmvyfvlt^ efphj,ff bvbc itrbs[dfw^ se hfc uffrtst,c bub cfv.fhjc @lfvsfdht,bc# itvltu (ilh&Augustinus, 1998, Drees, 1996, ud& 105, Ward, 2000, ud& 10)& gfyty,thub gbhlfgbh vbesbst,c^ hjv qvthsbitudb'kbf lhjbc lbyt,bc ufhts ofhvjdblubyjsj (Pannenberg, 1962, ud& 53). fqlujvbc itvltu rb^hjujhw wyj,bkbf^ flfvbfysf fhct,j,f qvthsib uh'tklt,f& @.dtkf vfc lfde,heylt,bs# (cehf28&88^ 96&8)& fh ufvjdhbw[fd^ hjv cojhtl fv vbvfhsekt,bs itb'kt,jltc ptvjs vj.dfybkblbktvt,bc uflfo.dtnf& cf,jkjj ]fvib^ abpbrblfyfw [jv dbwbs^ hjv lhj lf cbdhwt cfv.fhjcrjynbyutynehb^ fye it'tybkb^ ufygbhj,t,ekb fnhb,ent,bf& thsbwf lf vtjhtw bmvyt,f lf hf[fyfctf^ itb'kt,f ufmhtc rbltw& rfhk ,fhsb vbbxytdc% @qvthsbf eafkb lhjbcf lf eafkb cbdhwbcf#(Barth, 1947, ud& 64)& gkjnbyb fv,j,c% vfhflbcj,f eyfobkj cbchektfj (Plotin, 1998, III,7,11)& fvcbchektib sfyfvbvltdhj,f fh fhct,j,c& tc vfhflbcj,f itxtht,ekb^ uf.byekb ofvbf&itlfht,bcfsdbc dbn.db^ hjv fvudfhb abpbrehb dfhbfynb pjubthsb vtwybthbc^ vfs ijhbc cnbdty/jrbyubc lf ]tbvc /fhnkbc^ @esfd,jkj cfv.fhjc# vfstvfnbreh vjltkibw ufyb[bkt,f (ilh&Brown, 1998-2, ud& 217^ Worthing, 1996, ud& 92^ Hawking, 1988^ Hawking u.a., 1998)&


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htbyrfhyfwbbc itcf[t, fvltyb vc]tkj,bc itvltu vrbs[dtkc fewbkt,kfllft,flt,jlf itrbs[df% fhct,j,c se fhf htbyrfhyfwbbc vtn-yfrkt,fllflfcneht,ekb afmnt,b^ se vstkb fhuevtynfwbf v[jkjl kjubreh lfvbcnbreh cgtrekfwbt,c t.hlyj,f` fv cfrbs[c cfrvfjl /.fdlfvrdktdfht,b& vbylf^ jh vfsufypt itdxthlt& gbhdtkb^ - cfmdt.yjlfqbfht,ekb vtwybthb bfy cntdtycjybf& cntdtycjyb brdktdc fhf stjhbekvjltkt,c^ fhfvtl wlbkj,c ghfmnbrekb vfufkbst,bc fqothfcf lfrkfcbabrfwbfc& vfc hfvltybvt obuyb fmdc fv cfrbs[t,pt lfothbkb^hjvkt,ibw vjwtvekbf htbyrfhyfwbbc lfvflfcneht,tkb rjyrhtnekbafmnt,b (Stevenson, 1976, 1999)& cntdtycjyb brdktdc itvs[dtdt,c^ hjltcfwtcf se bc gbhjdyt,f fvnrbwt,c^ hjv bub c[df^ erdt ufhlfwdkbkbflfvbfybc cekbc [tkf[fkb vjcdkff ltlfvbofpt& cntdtycjyb vtwybthekbcbpecnbs flfht,c rkbtynbc ufvjyfsmdfvc htfkeh cbnefwbfc lffcghjwtynbfyb lfvs[dtdbcfc fqbfht,c fv vjdktyfc htbyrfhyfwbfl& vfufkbsbcfsdbc vjdb.dfy ths ufypjuflt,ek itvs[dtdfc& byljtsbcths-ths cjatkib w[hf-fsb okbc ujujyf fvnrbwt,lf^ hjv bub flhtjhfcbjlt rbkjvtnhbc vjijht,bs gfnfhf mfkfmib w[jdhj,lf&cntdtycjyvf ufvjbrdkbf tc itvs[dtdf lf lffcrdyf^ hjv ujujyfv .dtkfgbhjdyt,bc wyj,f lf lfcf[tkt,f it'kj^ hjvkt,bw fct se bct rfdibhibb.dyty ufhlfwdkbksfy& ufhlf fvbcf^ bub rfhufl bwyj,lf cf[kc^ ufhtvjc^sdbs fv gfnfhf mfkfmc& tc ujujyf fv byajhvfwbfc dthcfblfy vbbqt,lf^hflufyfw fhw sfdbcb cjakblfy ufvjcekf^ cfyfv cntdtycjyb ufvjb.dfylflf fhw dbyvtc bwyj,lf^ dbyw bv mfkfmib b.j yfv.jab& cntdtycjyc fvudfhb fcghjwtynbfyb lfvs[dtdt,b fstekj,bs fmdc fqothbkb vcjakbjc .dtkfres[blfy& vtnbw^ cfresfh ths-ths ,jkj obuyib cntdtycjyb fqothc htbyrfhyfwbbc bctsitvs[dtdt,c^ hjltcfw cekbc [tkf[fk vjcdkfc c[tekbc ybiyt,b% vtkfyjvf fy rfybc c[dfltatmnt,b flfcneht,c& cntdtycjyc vj/.fdc vfufkbsb^ hjltcfw uekvrthlbc fhtib rfybcgbuvtynfwbbc lfpbfyt,f obyf w[jdht,fib vbqt,ek cfcbrdlbkj zhbkj,fc erfdibhlt,f fv fhtib&fvbs cntdtycjyb vbbxytdc^ hjv serb obyf w[jdht,fib c[tekpt ptvjmvtlt,f 'fkbfy 'kbthbf^ fvbcrdfkb f[fk w[jdht,fibw ufvj/.dt,f flfvbfyc& cntdtycjyb fvudfh vjdktyt,ib yfobkj,hbditklhtbrbc gjcnekbht,ekb vjhajutytnbrehb dtkbc vcufdc atyjvtycfw [tlfdc (Stevenson, 1999,

ud& 246)& bvbclf vbe[tlfdfl^ hjv cntdtycjybc vbth fqothbkb itvs[dtdt,b cfylj lf itedfkbf^lfvrdblht,ekb vtwybtht,f vfs e,hfkjl dth fvxytdc& ufcfut,bf^ hjv wjnfc se fbynthtct,chtbyrfhyfwbbc fqbfht,f& lfvrdblht,ekb vtwybtht,f fctdt wlbkj,c uff,bf,hejc htbyrfhyfwbbc rbltd thsb cthbjpekbvrdktdfhbc sjhdfkl ltnktdctybc itltut,b (Dethlevsen, 1976, 1979, 1989)& ltnktdctyb acbmjkjubf lfvbey[tyib veifj,c& vfc efvhfdb yfihjvb fmdc ufvjmdt.yt,ekb^ vfs ijhbc gfhnybjhsfy^ fctdtacbmjkjusfy helbuth lfkrtcsfy thsfl& bctdt^ hjujhw cnty uhjab^ ltnktdctybw vbdblflfcrdyfvlt^ hjv flfvbfyc obyf w[jdht,t,bc rdfkb fn.dbf& ltnktdctyc vhfdfkb itvjovt,ekbitvs[dtdf fmdc fqothbkb^ hjltcfw /bgyjpib v.jab rkbtynbc vjujyt,f ufhlfcek htfkj,fclfvs[dtdbf& fvbcfsdbc ltnktdctyc 'dtk fhmbdt,ib mtmdfv lf 100-150 okbc obyfyltkb vfcfkt,bc't,yfv vjeobf& /fb/fhfl fhw cntdtycjyb lf fhw ltnktdctyb fmdt.yt,ty itltut,c& .dtkf vfs vbthfqothbkb tgbpjlb cfrvfjlff afmnt,bs pehuvjvfuht,ekb& cnfybckfd uhjab ptvjs hfvltybvt]th df[ctyt& vfcfw efvhfdb tgbpjlb fmdc fqothbkb^ hjltcfwhtbyrfhyfwbbc itvs[dtdf lfcnehlt,f& uhjac sfdbcb acbmjsthfgbekb ntmybrbs ]th obyfw[jdht,fib^ vtht rb bvbc obyf w[jdht,t,ib uf/.fdc gfwbtynt,b& uhjavf bcbw rb lfudfyf[df^ hjvxdty xdtyb obyf ufhlfwdfkt,f lf fv w[jdht,fib lf,flt,f 'fkbfy rfhufl udf[cjdc& c[dfsf ijhbc^fv erfyfcrytk vjcfpht,fc lf,flt,fcsfy lfrfdibht,bs ,jkj ;fvc vtlbwbyfw flfcneht,c (BdW

16.08.99). uhjabc tgbpjlt,b^ bctdt^ hjujhw cntdtycjybc lf ltnktdctybcf^ 'bhbsflib lfcnehlt,f& uhjabw^ cntdtycjybwf lf ltnktdctybw vblbfy lfcrdyfvlt^ hjv obyf w[jdht,fsf vjujyt,f fh fhbclhjib cbcntvfnbpt,ekb% flfvbfyt,b fhf sfyfvbvltdhekfl b[ctyt,ty vjdktyt,c^ fhfvtl vfsbtvjwbehb fmnbehj,bc vb[tldbs& vfs erts f[cjds bc vjdktyt,b^ hfw tvjwbeh cnhtcsfy b.jlfrfdibht,ekb& ufhlf fvbcf^ ertstcfl ityfhxeylt,f vjujyt,f^ hjvtkbw flfvbfyc ufvjwlbkt,fcitc'tyc^ fcofdkbc (Stevenson, 1999, ud& 242)& serb ltnktdctyb vbbxytdc^ hjv htbyrfhyfwbbc atyjvtybtuhts ojlt,ek fnkfyneh tgjmfvlt^ lff[kjt,bs^ 12 fsfcb okbc obyfvlt lfcnehlt,f^ uhjabfv,j,c^ hjv xdtyib sdbs fhfjhufyekb cf.fhjc ufvjwlbkt,fw fhbc lf,tdt,ekb (Dethlevsen, 1979, ud.127, Grof, 1997)& fvudfh^ ufycfresht,bs bfy cntdtycjybc rdktdt,c cthbjpekfl elut,f hegthnitklhtbrb^ hjvtkbw vbbxytdc^ hjv vcufdcb vjltkb vjhajutytnbrekb dtkt,bc stjhbfcufhrdtekobkfl flfcneht,c (Kakuska, 1984, ud& 213)& fctf se bct^ fvudfhb lfcrdyt,b^ hjvkt,bw fhf cgtrekfwbt,pt^ fhfvtl cthbjpek rdktdt,ptflfae'yt,ekb^ udfb'ekt,c dbdfhfeljs^ hjv htbyrfhyfwbf fy vcufdcb hfv vfhskfw fhct,j,c& sehjujh lf hf vtmfybpvt,bs [lt,f tc^ fy cfl bv.jat,f cekb htbyrfhyfwbfsf ijhbc gthbjlt,ib^ fyhf fhbc sdbs tc cekb^ fk,fs^ itvlujvb rdktdt,bc cfufybf& fb^ hfc fv,j,c lfkfb kfvf fvcfrbs[pt abpbrjct,sfy lf ,bjkjut,sfy lbfkjuib% @htbyrfhyfwbbc fhct,j,f wyj,btht,bc yfrflbc


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eo.dtnj,fc tv.fht,f& lqtc fhct,j,c vstkb hbub rfhufl ljrevtynbht,ekb itvs[dtdt,b obyfw[jdht,fsf uf[ctyt,bcf lf rfhub bmyt,jlf fv atyjvtysf ufvjrdktdf flfvbfybc wjlybcufafhsjt,bc sdfkcfphbcbs# (Kakuska, 1984, ud& 19)& fv vbvfhsekt,bsfw efvhfdb vjcfpht,ffhct,j,c& fm fh bmyt,f ehbuj^ serb df[ctyt,s ths-ths vfsufyc^ - nb,tnehb ,elbpvbc htbyrfhyfwbbcvjltkc^ hjvtkbw vbbxytdc^ hjv^ ghbywbgib^ ths w[jdht,fib lfuhjdbkb ufvjwlbkt,f bv mdt.yflfhf gbhjdyek cf[tc fnfht,c^ fhfvtl ufyb,ytdf lf itb'kt,f f[fk cekib^ v[jkjl ths flfvbfyibrb fhf^ hfvltybvtib vjdbltc& ghbywbgib^ fv it[tlekt,bs^ bvmdt.yfl bylbdblefkehb^ fy gbhjdyekbfh fhct,j,c& fvfc vbbxytdc lfkfb kfvf (Varela, 1998, ud& 75)& vstkb ufvjwlbkt,bc rdbyntctywbfthsbfyb ecfchekj dtkbc yfobkb [lt,f& tc dtkb^ ewdktkb lf velvbdbf& nb,tnehb nhflbwbbsvfc^ @yfstk iemcfw# eojlt,ty lf cfv.fhjc e'bhbsfltc cfo.bcfl vbbxytdty (Kakuska, 1984, ud& 54)fv dtkib xf,heyt,f itudb'kbf vfbcnth trt/fhnbc cbn.dt,bs fqdothjs% @fm vt bctd bc dfh^ hfwdb.fdb* lf fm fhw dbrkt,^ fhw dbvfnt,^ dbyfblfy fm evj'hfj gbhdtkflb fhct,f dfh^ hjvtkbw.dtkf ybdsc fvj'hfdt,c# (Eckehart, 1963, ud& 36)& vbofpt itvlujvb vjcdkbcfc fv dtkbc c[dflfc[dfufvjwlbkt,f ths bylbdblfl byfcrdt,f lf gbhjdyt,fl vjlbc& bv mdt.yfl fh fhct,j,ty gtnht^gfdkt lf ;e;eyf^ bm v[jkjl egbhjdyj ufvjwlbkt,f fhbc vjrfkfst,ekb^ hjvtkbw cekf[fk-f[fk^ vbofpt vjvcdktk gbhjdyt,t,fl ltllt,f (ilh& Kakuska, 1984, ud& 55)& ,elbpvbc ths-thsbufyinjt,f^ 'tyb^ rbltd eahj ijhc vblbc lf^ ueh]btdbc vcufdcfl vbobth vt-cfw efh.jac& 'tybcfgjkjutnb lfbctw ce'erb mhbcntc ]dfhwvbc ufy[bkdbcfc othc% @lfcfdktsib ufvj.jatygbhjdyek vt-c& fqvjcfdktsib vt fh fhct,j,c& vt fh-fhct,ekbf^ fmtlfy ufvjvlbyfht^ fh fhct,j,cvt^ hjvkbc ]dfhwvfw bmyt,jlf itcf'kt,tkb# (Suzuki, 1993, ud& 305)& gbhjdyekbc ufypfdt,frjcvjcib vstkb bjuehb ghfmnbrbc vbpfybf& vtlbnfwbbc evfqktc ljytpt gbhjdyekb mht,f lfflubkc esvj,c egbhjdyjc^ pjuflc& tc vlujvfhtj,f fhfvw lf fhfvw fh ybiyfdc ufsbidfc lfvjo.dtnfc& dbdtrfyfylf fqothc cbnefwbfc bjufib^ hjwf gbhjdyekb mht,f lf egbhjdyj ufvjlbcobyf gkfypt& fv lhjc cfmvt sbsmjc sfdbcbs rtslt,f& @vt# rb fh abmhj,c^ fhfvtl sdbsjy abmhbabmhj,c (Vivekananda, 1986, ud& 136)& tc^ vbobthb w[jdht,bcfc^ bvudfhb tmcnfpehb vlujvfhtj,ff^hjltcfw gjtnc ite'kbf smdfc% @vt fh doth ktmct,c&&&^ ktmcb sdbsjy vothc!# pjuflib ufsmdtaf^fv vjltkbs^ fhct,j,bc vbpfybf& tc obyffqvltuj,fib vjlbc rfhvek ghj,ktvfcsfy^ hflufyfw rfhvfvrfwhfl gbhjdyekbf& tc rjyakbmnb itb'kt,f ,elbpvbc ths-ths 'bhbsfl ibyfufy rjyakbmnflvbdbxybjs (ilh& Klimkeit, 1990, ud& 95^ 187)& serb bylbdblb bvmdt.yfl ufybfdlf lf lfbaidyf^ dbyfchekt,c rfhvfc` (ilh& Laszlo u.a., 1999, ud& 223) ufhlf fvbcf^ fmfw^ bctdt^ hjujhw cfthsjlfqvjcfdkeh vj'qdht,t,ib^ efhb.jaf ufydbsfht,f& xtvb fphbs^ fvudfhb it[tlekt,fyb jlyfd xfvjhxt,f bcnjhbek ufydbsfht,fc& qvthsb fhw bctghbvbnbekbf^ hjv sfdupf fudb,ybjc lf edbw-ewjlbyhfl ufvjudbidfc vfnthbfkeh cfv.fhjib^

v[jkjl bvbcfsdbc^ hjv lblb odfkt,bc [fh]fl^ bctd erfy xfd,heylts&29 yt,bcvbthb rjcvjujybf^

hjvtkibw fh fhbc vjwtvekb ufydbsfht,f^ - efphj,ff& fqvjcfdkehb htkbubt,b cfv.fhjcf lfrjcvjcbc fqvjxtybc cfo.bct,sfy lfhxyty lf dth uflflutc yf,b]b oby& vfs vbth gjcnekbht,ekbe'hfdb cekbthb rjcvjcb cthbjpek obyffqvltuj,fib vjlbc vj'hfd lf ufydbsfht,fl vfnthbfkehrjcvjcsfy& vjrktl^ fv cfrbs[ib ,tdhb ,eyljdfyb vjvtynbf&

thsbf vsfdfhb% xdty fh itudb'kbf^ [tkfqt,bs efhd.js cekbthbcfhct,j,f vbobthb cfv.fhjc vbqvf lf bc^ hjv xdtyib fhct,ekbufvjwlbkt,f^ fhfvw lf fhfvw fh lfb.dfyt,f fv thsb w[jdht,bcufvjwlbkt,fpt& xdty rjvgktmcehb fhct,t,b dfhs fhf vfhnj vbobthb^fhfvtl ptwbehb sdfkcfphbcbsfw& xdtyib vjwtvekbf wjlyf^ hjvtkbwsdbs rfwj,hbj,bcf lf cfv.fhjc wjlyff& xdtyb tc w[jdht,f fv wjlybchtfkbpfwbfc^ fmnefkbpfwbfcf lf ufvlblht,fc tvcf[eht,f& tcvjcfpht,f uf[ctyt,bc itcf[t, afhsjl ufdhwtkt,ekbf fqvjcfdktsiblf fhw lfcfdkehb reknehbcsdbcff f[fkb& fmtlfy ufvjvlbyfht^cfdfhfeljf^ hjv cekb vfhskfw^ yfobkbf ecfchekj qdsft,hbdbce,cnfywbbcf lf c[tekbc ufhlfwdfkt,bc itvltu cojhtl fvce,cnfywbfib bv.jat,f& flfvbfybc hfj,fpt cfe,hbcfc^ cf,jkjj ]fvib^ cfrbs[fdbf^ se hjvtkqvthspt^ hjvtk ecfchekj qdsft,hbd ce,cnfywbfpt udfmdc cfe,fhb&v[jkjl tc fhbc bv w[hfrkbnekbc ufcfqt,b^ hjvtkcfw flfvbfyb /mdbf&hjujhbf bc .jdkbcitv'kt^ .jdkflrtsbkb lf .jdkbcvjvwdtkb

qdsft,f^ hjvtkbw cfv.fhjc lf vbc ufydbsfht,fc ufyfgbhj,t,c& hjujhbf bc fhct,f^@hjvtkvfy itmvyf cfv.fhj^ 'fkbsf vbs 'kbthbsf^ptufhlvj fhcyb cekbsf .dyf ptwbs vjyf,thbsf^xdty rfwsf vjudwf mdt.fyf^ - udfmdc esdfkfdb athbsf&&&#`

fv vbvfhst,bs v[jkjl cgtrekfnehb lfcrdyt,bc ufvjnfyf itb'kt,f& 'bhbsflfl^ cfe,fhbf cfrbs[bcjhudfh ghbywbgek uflfo.dtnfpt ufhrdtekb dfhbfwbt,bs& nhflbwbekb ltbcnehb uflfo.dtnfuekbc[vj,c^ hjv fhbc gbhjdyekb qvthsb cfv.fhjc ufhts^ - .jdkfl'kbthb^ .jdkbcvjvwdtkb lf.jdkflrtsbkb nhfycwtyltynekb fhct,f& ltbcnehb qvthsb cfv.fhjc ufhts fhbc (Polkinghorn,

1998-2,)& @qvthsb bmff^ vfqkf# (Barth, 1947, ud& 41)& bub fhfahbcufy mvybc cfv.fhjc – creatio ex nihilo.


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ths ltbcneh^ ytjsjvbcneh dfhbfynib qvthsb eiefkjl [tkv'qdfytkj,c cfv.fhjc ufydbsfht,fc^fuh'tkt,c itvjmvtlt,fc lf thtdf .jdtklqbeh ghjwtct,ib^ hfsf ufhrdtek vbpyfvlt vbb.dfyjcbub& eafkb vjovt lf vjyfobktf cfv.fhjc .dtkf vjdktybcf& thsyb abmhj,ty^ hjv qvthsb v[jkjledkbc cfv.fhjc^ vtjhtyb^ - hjv qvthsb fhf v[jkjl edkbc^ fhfvtl rbltdfw gfnhjyj,c vfc (ilh&Worthing, 1996, ud& 115, Ward, 2000, ud& 20)& bfy ,fh,ehb fvudfh gjpbwbfc vjyfhmbcnekc eojlt,c(Barbour, 1990, ud& 329). qvthsb fhf v[jkjl eafkbf^ fhfvtl vjyfhmbf^ [tkvobatf .jdkbcf& bckfvibqdsbc xfehtdkfl cfthsjl fhfathb [lt,f& fhct,j,c ltbcnehb it[tlekt,t,b^ hjvtksfvb[tldbsfw^ fvudfhb xfhtdf lf vjdkf-gfnhjyj,f fh [lt,f lf qvthsb v[jkjl ,jkjc vjdfrfhubcf lf welbc ufycfc]tkfl& sbsmjc qvthsvf gbhdtkb tmdcb lqt bveifdf^ cfv.fhj lf ,eyt,fitmvyf^ fv;fvfl rb ebrtylpt bcdtyt,c lf jhif,fsc cfmvtc lf,heylt,fj& tuhts ojlt,ekrtyjnbreh gjpbwbfib qvthsb fhf vjyfhmb^ fhfvtl vjcb.dfhekt vfvff^ hjvtkbw flfvbfycitvjmvtlt,bc lf fywj,bc lbl sfdbceakt,fc f'ktdc& ltbcneh it[tlekt,fsf ijhbc c[dfufyc[dfdt,t,bw fhct,j,c% thsyb vbbxytdty^ hjv [cyf lf uflfhxtyf v[jkjl qdsbc [tkibf^ vtjhtyb^hjv flfvbfyc ite'kbf sfdbcb heleyt,bs flubkbc lfvcf[eht,f cfvjs[tib& fvfsufy gbhdtkbf[kjf ceabcneh vcjakv[tldtkj,fcsfy^ hjltcfw ]fkfktllby hevb vbbxytdc^ hjv xdty v[jkjlutvt,b dfhs^ hjvtksf fahfcfw c[df fdct,c mfhbs lf bmbs vbd.fdfhs^ cfbsfw cehcj (Hevb^ 1986ûd& 93)& vtjht gjpbwbf lfcfdkehb mhbcnbfyekb trktcbbcsdbc fhbc lfvf[fcbfst,tkb&ufyc[dfdt,t,b fhct,j,c c[df ghj,ktvt,sfy vblujvfibw& fv cfrbs[t,c ptlvbotdybs ltnfkehflfiemt,c wyj,bkb stjkjub lf abkjcjajcb bfy ,fh,ehb aeylfvtyneh yfihjvib @htkbubf lfvtwybtht,f# (Barbour, 1990). stbcnehb qvthsb sdbs ,eyt,fibf lf cfv.fhjc fmnbehb^ bvfytynehb cfo.bcbf& vbcbnhfycwtyltynekj,f flfvbfybc wyj,btht,bcfsdbc afhekj,fib lf fhf cfv.fhjc ufhts .jayfibufvjb[fnt,f& cfv.fhjc cfo.bcb fmfw fhfhff& tc fhfhf sdbs fhbc .jaf& fv vbvlbyfhtj,fibwfhct,j,c c[dflfc[df it[tlekt,f& thsyb vbbxytdty^ - tc ufycfresht,bs sfyfvtlhjdt vtwybtht,citt[t,f^ hjv qvthsb^ e,hfkjl^ cfv.fhjc fhct,j,bc bvfytynehb^ ibyfufyb ghbywbgbf lf abpbrehvelvbdt,cf lf rfyjyt,ib ufvjb[fnt,f& fvudfhb ,eyt,hbdb stjkjubf lqtc fqjh'byt,fc ufybwlbc(Polkinghorne, 1998-2, ud& 10, Worthing, 1996, ud& 43)& fv gjpbwbt,pt lufyfy ytycb vthab^ ahbnbja rfghfêjhty ,hfeyb lf c[dt,b (b[& o.fhjt,b)& vtwybthsf ijhbc fhct,j,c it[tlekt,fw tuhts ojlt,ek@cbwfhbtktsf fvjvdct, qvthspt# - God-of-the-gaps& tc it[tlekt,f ybenjybctek nhflbwbfcvb/.dt,f^ qvthsc t't,c lf gjekj,c bm^ cflfw vtwybtht,f cbwfhbtktt,c njdt,c^ hjltcfw fvf sebv vjdktyfc vtwybthekfl dth [cybc (Barbour, 1990, ud& 45-50)& fvudfhb vblujvbc cbcecntptvbesbst,c ,tdhb rhbnbrjcb^ vfs ijhbc gjkrbyu/jhyb^ ejhcbyub lf c[dt,b (Polkinghorne, 1998,

Worthing, 1996)& c[dt,b qvthsb eahj fmnbeh hjkpt vbfybiyt,ty& fhbc it[tlekt,fyb^ /bylehbgeheifc nhflbwbbc vb[tldbs flfvbfyc hjv fqvthst,c& hjujhw ptvjsfw fqdotht^ nhflbwbekbhtkbubeh-abkjcjabehb it[tlekt,t,b lf tpjsthekb crjkt,b vc]tkj,ty ujycf se cekpt^hjvtkbw cfv.fhjibf vfybatcnbht,ekb lf sdbs fhbc cfv.fhj& .dtkf fv it[tlekt,fsf lf sfyfvtlhjdt vtwybtht,bc vbqotdfsf ufsdfkbcobyt,bs^ jhb^ -cfcb[fhekb lf cfvoe[fhj lfcrdybc ufvjnfyf itb'kt,f& cfvoe[fhjf bc^ hjv^ ]th]thj,bs^ dthfdbyit'kj qdsbc fhct,j,bc eiefkjl lfvnrbwt,f& rfwj,hbj,fc fh uffxybf thsb qvthsb^ hjvtkbw.dtkfcfsdbc thsyfbhfl bmyt,jlf vfybatcnbht,ekb& qdsbc cf[t lf vbcb vjmvtlt,f^ vbcb vbpfyb lfflfvbfybc hjkb cfv.fhjib ]thfw fh fhbc ptlvbotdybs lflutybkb lf fvbnjvfw cfrfvfsjf& fvv[hbd^ ]th rbltd ,tdhb cfbynthtcj hfv vjudtkbc& cfcb[fhekj bc fhbc^ hjv vstkb xdtyb cfv.fhj^ vbcb bcnjhbf lf lqtdfyltkj,f vbudbsbst,cbvfpt^ hjv qvthsb fhct,j,c& @fhct,j,c v[jkjl thsb qvthsb lf tc qvthsb cfrvfhbcbf#^ -bn.jlf kfb,ybwb (Leibniz, 1988, ud& 31, §39)& vstkb cfv.fhjc @hfwbjyfkehb cbvidtybtht vbudbsbst,cujybth fhcpt#^ hjvtkbw vfc gfnhjyj,c (Polkinghorne, 1998-2, ud& 4)& xtvb fphbs gfystbcnehb vjltkb^ hjvtkbw gkfnjybc^ lf vjudbfyt,bs^ /tutkbfyehb nhflbwbblfyvjvlbyfhtj,c^ cfdct,bs frvf.jabkt,c^ hjujhw lblb htkbubt,bc obyfv'qdht,c^ fctdt sfyfvtlhjdtvtwybtht,bc fqvjxtyt,c& fv vjltkbc bynthghtnbht,f itvltuyfbhfl fhbc itcf'kt,tkb& fhct,j,c cekb^ hjvtkbw sfdbcbdt sfdblfy ofhvjmvybc rjcvjcc^ eybdthcevc& cfv.fhj qdsbcufy -ex deo bmvyt,f& bubf .jaf& bub ecfchekjf&

@.jaf ecfchekjf&bub lfcf,fvblfy b.j lf fhbc&ufyczdfkfdc .jdtkc^ sdbs rb fh bvczdfkt,f# (Laotse, 1976, XXV).

tc ecfchekj cekb mvybc vfnthbfkeh eybdthcevc lf ufyb,ytdf vfcib^ f'ktdc vfc ufydbsfht,bcbvgekcc^ hfw c[dflfc[df dtkbcf lf lfvjrblt,ekt, bc lbyfvbrfibw fbcf[t,f& tc lbyfvbrfofhvjmvybc ]th wjw[fkc^ [jkj itvlujv^ - vjfphjdyt cnhemneht,c& vfnthbfkehb cfv.fhj cekeahj lf eahj cnhemnehbht,ekb^ lf[dtobkb [lt,f& qvthsb cfv.fhjcsfy thsfl fhct,j,c&qvthsb rb fh b.j^ fy rb fh fhbc^ fy rb fh bmyt,f^ fhfvtl qvthsb velfv [lt,f! ufhrdtek tnfgpt^cfv.fhjib uf,ytekb cekb cfresfh sfdc itbwyj,c& tc fhbc flfvbfybc ufxtybc^ vbcb itmvybcvjvtynb& fv v[hbd flfvbfyb qdsbc yfobkbf^ hjujhw ptvjsfw dsmdb^ qdsbc gbhvijf& ujtstcvtabcnjatkb cojhtl fvfc te,yt,f afecnc% @ity vt rb fhf^ bv cekc tsfyf,ht,b^ hjvtkcfwitbuyt,&&&# („Du gleichst dem Geist, den du begreifst, nicht mir…“ ujstc afecnbc gbhdtkb yfobkb^ gbhdtkbsfdb)& flfvbfyb bvsfdbsdt fnfht,c bfhkb.c% „Deum facit“ fy „Made by God“ fy @lfvpflt,ekbf qdsbcvbth#&


19 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

bub sfdbcb fhct,j,bc lfcfo.bcblfydt bo.t,c qdsbeh cfmvbfyj,fc% mvyfc& flfvbfyb ofhvjmvybccbf[ktc^ f[fkc^ bvfc hfw ]th fh fhct,ekf^ hfw eiefkjl qvthsc fh itemvybf& bub ufhlfmvybccfv.fhjc^ @hjvtkbw vfc thuj# (Polkinghorne, 1998-2, ud& 2)& hjujhw vfmc itkthb fv,j,lf^ [email protected] ufyvcfuyt,tkb (vergegenständlichender) cekbf# (Scheler, 1995, ud. 80). vfc^ gfyty,thubccbn.dt,bs hjv dsmdfs^ @qdsbc lfdfkt,f fmdc^ ufyfujc cfv.fhj# (Pannenberg, 1962, S.47)& @&&&ffdctsltlfvbof^ lfteakts vfc&&&# (lf,& 1&28) - lftdfkfs flfvcf lf tdfc& fv cfv.fhjc vfhsdf-ufvutj,fibflfvbfyb [ibhfl jhbtynfwbflfrfhuekb lf vbecfafhbf& vfy^ itb'kt,f^ sfdbcb vbobthb edbwj,bsflf cbpfhvfwbs vutkcfw rb itfzvtdbyjc qdsbcfufy uflf,fht,ekb afhf& bub ]f[bhj,c lfwjldbkj,c cfv.fhjib^ hjv vbfqobjc hfqfw vbpfyc^ hjvtkbw wyj,bthfl

1& fh bwbc^ cfthsjl^ fhct,j,c se fhf^2& fh bwbc^ vbbqotdf se fhf lf3& fh bwbc^ rfhubf se welb&

hjwf rfwvf fvltyb hfv fh bwb^ eylf twflj fy ufbuj^ itbn.j fy lfb]thj^ bhoveyj& cfvoe[fhjl^flfvbfyb .jdtksdbc fh bmvc fvfc& vbcsdbc ,j't,ekb sfdbceakt,bs vfc ,tdhb itwljvf vjclbc&vbcb rjcvjcehb upf itwljvt,bcf lf ufvjwlbkt,bc uhjdt,bc upff& vfy fv upfpt erdt ,tdhbuflfbnfyf^ vfuhfv evsfdhtcb ]th rbltd oby eltdc& flfvbfyvf eylf lfbyf[jc^ hjv bub rjcvjcbc^lf fmtlfy ufvjvlbyfht^ qdsbc yfobkbw fhbc& cojhtl fv ituyt,fv eylf iteo.jc vfc [tkbqdsbcrty cdkfib& flfvbfyb vfhnjf rjcvjceh uflfo.dtnbkt,fsf obyfit& fvfcsfy thsfl^ vfc fmdc ibyfufyb qdsbehbbvgekcb^ hjvtkbw te,yt,f^ se cfbs bfhjc lf hf uffrtsjc& hjltcfw fhfcojhfl dbmwtdbs lfwjldfc xfdlbdfhs^ xdty blevfkfl^ bycnbymnehfl deo.bs fvbc itcf[t,& cojhtl fvbs udwlbcqvthsb% vfy xdty fhxtdybc sfdbceakt,f udb,j'f lf f[kf udbwmthbc^ se hf upbs dbdkbs& xdty vfcbctdt de.dfhdfhs^ hjujhw cfresfhb sfdb^ hflufyfw yfobkyb dfhs vbcb lf vbcsdbc fh fhbccekthsb^ se hfcf dbmvs& cojhtl fv ufut,bs udvfhst,c flfvbfyfl lf flfvbfyehfl .jayf&

[1] ,b,kbbc mfhsek dfhbfynib^ hjvtkcfw dt.hlyj,jlb^ fv flubkfc (bufd& 20&27) sfhuvybcfc lfidt,ekbfitwljvf& @[tkb#-c vfubdhfl @cekb# eylf ofdbrbs[js& vfiby ntmcnb kjubrehb [lt,f% @rfwbc cekb eakbckfvgfhbf^ vbcb ibufybc ufvjvrdktdtkb&# ilh& fctdt hecekb^ uthvfyekb lf byukbcehb sfhuvfyt,b&[2]

Cfhdfgfkb Hfl/frhbiyfyb ,elbpvcfw lf ]fbybpvcfw @/bylebpvbc ghjntcnfynbpvc# eojlt,c (Radhakrishnan,

1961, ud& 17)&[3]

cfbynthtcjf^ hjv trkpb fqothc kbubycbc ufvjrdktdfc^ hjvkbsfw lubylt,f^ hjv lf,flt,bc ghjwtccsdbs yf.jab [tkv'qdfytkj,c lf fhf ltlf& yf.jabc /bgjabpib ofhvjmvybkb /jhvjyb fb'ekt,c cfijc^lfbo.jc itrevidf lf itcf,fvbcfl^ vij,bfhj,f (Eccles, 1989, ud& 180)&[4]

cbn.df @ybhdfyf#-c ae'tf @dfsf/#^ hfw mfhc^ mhjkfc ybiyfdc& fvfc rfhufl tcflfut,f mfhsekb uf-mhj,f&ybhdfyf bc flubkbf^ cflfw fhfathb mhbc^ .dtkfathb mht,f^ cflfw cekb cf,jkjjl lf-dfylt,f&[5] ,elbpvbc pjubths yfbhcf[tj,fib ud[dlt,f it[tlekt,f ,elfc^ hjujhw nhfycwtyltynekb fhct,bccfvelfvj w[jdht,bc itcf[t, (Klimkeit, 1990, ud& 159)&[6]

tpjsthbrek kbnthfnehfib itv[dtlhbf bvudfhb vjcfpht,fw^ hjv vjct lf bkbf bjfyt yfskbcvwtvtkbcobyf byrfhyfwbf b.dyty lf fvbnjvfw dkbylt,bfy fv cfgfce[bcut,kj ;fvc (ilh& Redhead, 1998, ud& 33^ Fusser,

1999, ud& 42^ fctdt vfs& 17& 10-13)&[7]

ujbv - םיוג t,h&% [fk[t,b^ ew[jyb&[8]

.ehfyb mhbcntc qvthsj,fcf lf ]dfhwvbc afmnc efh.jac (cehf 4&157)& cojhtl tc fhbc bckfvbcf lfmhbcnbfyj,bc lfgbhbcgbht,bc ths-thsb 'bhbsflb cfae'dtkb&[9]

,tdhb xdtysfufyb eyt,kbtl fk,fs cojhtl fv upfc vbcltdc&[10]

xtvb fphbs^ cojhtl fv rjyntmcnib eylf ufdbujs ahfpf cfmfhsdtkjc rfsjkbrjc-gfnhbfhmbcêovbyltcbcf lf eytnfhtcbc bkbf vtjhbc cffqlujvj tgbcnjktlfy% @vsfdfhbf^ xdty sdbsjy lfdbo.js ihjvflf dbpheyjs bvfpt^ hfsf qbhcyb ufd[lts eakbc o.fkj,bcf^ hjv btcj mhbcntc bvtlvb[lbk^ lfe'keht,ekvjofatsf vcufdcfl fqudflubyjc^ ufyudfw[jdtkjc lf ufyudf,ho.bydjc eakbc vflkvf lf 'fkfv&#[11]

nf]vf/fkb XVII cfereytib ffityf if/]f/fyvf^ veckbvvf vvfhsdtkvf 1631 otkc ufhlfwdkbkb sfdbcbvteqkbc gfnbdcfwtvfl (ilh& Schimmel, 1996, ud& 20)&[12]

nouV - @wjlyf hfbvtcb^ ufut,f lf ufyc]f# - fcts vybidytkj,fc fybzt,c ,eknvfyb yecc f[fkb fqsmvbcntmcnt,ib (Bultmann, 1984, ud& 211)&[13] fv ufut,bs xdty vfhskfw dzfvs lf dcdfvs vfw[jdhbc [jhwcf lf cbc[kc (ilh& Dorschner u.a., 1995, ud&55^ 131)&[14]

vfkrjkv ]bdcb vbbxytdc^ hjv @ytati#-bc sfhuvyf byukbcehfl life - cbwjw[ktlfw itb'kt,fj (Jeeves, 1997,ud& 114)&


20 von 20 27.07.2007 09:59

[15] wjldbkb flfvbfyb^ itcf,fvbcfl - @qdsbc gbhblfy uflfdfhlybkbf#&

[16] ebkbfv ejhcbyub ltnfkt,ib wlbkj,c ufhrdtdfc lf ufvfhskt,ekfl vbbxytdc itrbs[dfc% @rb vfuhfv^ hf

cbn.df smdf sfdblfy qvthsvf`# (Worthing, 1996, ud& 109). fv itrbs[dfpt gfce[b vfhnbdb ufcfwtvbf% @yfstkb!# -smdf sfdblfy qvthsvf (lf,& 1&3& fctdt% Miles, 1996, ud& 40, Bultmann, 1984, ud& 369). @vfy se hfvt cfmvt uflfo.dbnf^v[jkjl tn.dbc% bmvty!^ cfmvtw bmvyt,f# (cehf 2&117)&[17]

gjgthbc nthvbyjkjubbs^ tc vfnthbfkehb cfv.fhj @cfv.fhj-1[#^ fye vfnthbfkehb cfv.fhjc [tkjdyehbyfobkb bmyt,jlf&[18]

,tdh vtwybthc ntmyjkjubbc vtnfajhfl ltlfkjcbc [fnb vj/.fdc^ hfsf [fpb ufecdfc flfvbfybccohfadfc^ heleyt,bsf lf ihjvbs vbfqobjc uf,fnjyt,fc cfv.fhjpt (/jkltyb^ bfrj,b lf c[d&)& ltlfkjccegbhbcgbhlt,f brfhjcb^ hjvtkbw ]fy.bc cbv,jkjl udtdkbyt,f&[19]

eylf itdybiyj^ hjv rjcvjcehb bthfhmbbc fhw ths c[df fhct,fc^ flfvbfybc^ ifbsfybcf lf sdbs qdsbcufhlf^ bmyt,f tc fyutkjcb^ mthe,b se c[df ovbylf cekbthb^ sdbs lf,fkb cathjt,bc xfsdkbs^ fh vbtotht,ftc eyfht,b% bcbyb fh mvybfy lf fh bhxtdty^ fhfvtl eakbc fy ifbsfybc yt,bc itvchekt,kfl udtdkbyt,bfy&fhw /bylebcnehb qvthst,b vjmvtlt,ty cfresfhb bybwbfnbdbs& v[jkjl flfvbfyc fmdc^ qdsbc vcufdcfl^fhxtdbc lf itvjmvtlt,bc eyfhb&[20]

,th'yekb amartia^ hjvtkbw cf[fht,fib wjldbc fqcfybiyfdfl b[vfht,f^ vbpybc fwltyfc^ @[fbfc# ybiyfdc(Ward, 2000, ud& 36, Bultmann, 1984, ud& 252)&[21]

fhbcnjntkt fv,j,c jhufyjybc vt[est sfdib% cbhw[dbkb cekbc vjfphjdyt yfobkib 'tdcj ( Aristotelis,

1998-2)&[22]

Cbv,jkjy - sumbolon - ,th'yekfl jhb c[dflfc[df hfbvtc bubdtj,fc ybiyfdc& fv cbn.dbc ths-thsbvybidytkj,f flfvbfybc qdsbehj,fwff^ lbf,fkj - diaballw - cfobyffqvltujl^ uf[ktxdfc^ jhgbhj,fc lfitcf,fvbcfl lbf,jkbcnehc ybiyfdc&

[23] ufycfresht,bs vf[dbkujybdhekb wyj,bkb uthvfytkb stjkjubc djka/fhn gfyty,thubc rhbnbrf b.j^hjvtkcfw vt fmfw^ c[df tcctt,cf lf c[df rjyntmcnt,ib [ibhfl df[ctyt,& nbgkthbc^ gfyty,thubcf lf c[dfsffv lbcrecbbc xfvjndbhsdf fv;fvflfw itb'kt,f bynthytnblfy itvltu vbcfvfhspt%www.infidels.org/library/modern/graham_oppy/tipler.html.

[24]

heljka ,eknvfybc vjcfpht,bs ahfpf^ trktcbbc vityt,kj,bc itcf[t, (vfs& 16&18) vjudbfyt,bs fhbcxfvfnt,ekb (Bultmann, 1984, ud& 9)&

[25] @sfdbc mfkt,bc uhjdf# - fctsbf vbcb 'dtkt,ehb vybidytkj,f& t,hfekb @ujkujkts # - sfdbc - תלוגלוג

mfkfc ybiyfdc& ae't @ujk# f[kjf cfycrhbnek @mfk#-sfy^ hfw mfhsekib itvlujv @vsfdfh#-bc^ @'bhbsfl#-bcfqvybidytkfl itvjdblf& fmtlfy eylf vjlbjltc cbn.dt,b% mfkfmb (fhf,ekb @ mffkf# - ufkfdfyb^wb[t-cbvfuht) mfkf^ mfkb^ hecekb ujkjdf& byukbcehb skull&[26]

fv cfrbs[sfy lfrfdibht,bs b[& Das Totenbuch der Tibetaner lf Laszlo u.a., 1999, ud& 39&[27]

hjltcfw tc itrbs[df ]jy gjkrbyu/jhyc lfdecdb^ vfy fct vbgfce[f% @xdty dth ofhvjdblutys^ hf vj[lt,fbm^ ecfchekj,fib& ofhvjblubyt n.egt,b ltlbc cfijib^ hjvkt,bw lf,flt,bc itvlujv w[jdht,fpt cfe,hj,ty&cojhtl bvfs dufdfhs xdty^ - bm fhfdby bwbc^ hf bmyt,f# (gbhflb fhmbdb)&[28]

„Und das schönste Ungeheuer / Lacht mir zu: die Ewigkeit.“ (Yorick-Columbus).

[29] @qvthsb fh lfeidt,c^ hjv n.ebkfl bofvjs# (cehf 2&143)&

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stjkjubeh - vbcnbrehb tcct - Gvelesiani · stjkjubeh - vbcnbrehb tcct @,bylbcathbf cjatkb^ eahj lf eahj ,byllt,f^ ... vfuhfv fhbc bctst,bw^ hjvkt,bw vcjakbj htkbubt,fl fy ufdktybfy