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The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

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Page 1: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

The German Wine Market

- Structure and Trends –

by

D. Hoffmann

Geisenheim Research Institut

Germany, Sept. 2005

Page 2: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

  Germany: Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages

0

5

10

15

20

25

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Liter / capita Beer

Wine sparkling wine Spirits Beer

a)

b)

c)

Wine sparkling wine Spirits

Beer

Wine

Spirits

Sekt

a) Schätzung. - b) Einschl. Wermut- und Kräuterwein (ohne Schaumwein); jeweils Weinwirtschaftsjahr (1.9. bis 31.8.). Ab dem Weinwirtschaftsjahr 2000/2001 vom 1.8 - 31.7. - c) Einschließlich Spirituosen-Mischgetränke, umgerechnet auf einen durchschnittlichen Alkoholgehalt von 33%. Source: Berechnungen des ifo Instituts auf der Grundlage von Daten der amtlichen Statistik und von Branchenverbänden sowie eigene Berechnungen des Fachgebietes Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung, Forschungsanstalt Geisenheim im Auftrag des Deutschen Weininstituts.

Page 3: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

1) Wirtschaftsjahre 1.9 - 31.8., 2) Ab der Periode 00/01 erstreckt sich das Weinwirtschaftsjahr vom 1.8. – 31.7.,

3) ab 1991 einschl. der neuen Bundesländer; 4) at the end of the period

 Quelle: Weinmarktbilanz des Deutschen Weinbauverbandes, Statistisches Bundesamt, Wiesbaden und eigene Berechnungen

durch das Fachgebiet Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung, Geisenheim

Germany: Wine Market

 Production, Stock, Foreign Trade, Consumption in 1000 hl

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

2)1)

German wineproduction

Import

Export3)

stock 4)

total consumption

Page 4: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

(indoors)

11,2(10,1)Mio. hl

= 100 %

85 % (83 %)

Wine and sparkling wine

15 % (17 %) sparkling wine

private consumption(outdoors)

stillwine - total -

100 %

private consumption

100 %

Direct-purchasingfrom the producer

18 % (23 %)

82 %(77 %)

17 % (19 %)

83 %(81 %)

off-trade

19,4(19,6)Mio. hl

2,9(3,4)

Mio. hl

16,5(16,2)Mio. hl

2,3(2,4)

Mio. hl

3,0(3,7)

Mio. hl

13,5(12,5)Mio. hl

The market for still and sparkling wine in Germany (2000) and 2004 (in Mio. hl und %)

Quelle: Erstellt nach Daten der Weinmarktbilanz des Deutschen Weinbauverbandes, des GfK-Haushaltspanels sowie eigene Erhebungen und Berechnungen durch das Fachgebiet Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung, Geisenheim im Auftrag des Deutschen Weininstituts.

11,2(10,1)Mio. hl

Page 5: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Sales of still wine purchased in the distribution channels for household consumption in Germany in 2004

8 % 0,9 Mio. hl

3,0 Mio. hl

0,55 Mio. hl

0,55 Mio. hl

2,8 Mio. hl 25 %

30 %

5 %

5 %

27 %

Small groceries

Supermarkets

Discounter Aldi

Other discounters

Others

Specialists

11,2(10,1)

Mio. hl

Quelle: Erstellt nach Daten der Weinmarktbilanz des Deutschen Weinbauverbandes, des GfK-Haushaltspanels

sowie eigene Erhebungen und Berechnungen durch das Fachgebiet Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung, Geisenheim

im Auftrag des Deutschen Weininstituts.

Off-trade

- total -

3,4 Mio. hl

Page 6: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Development in the distribution channelsof bottled German wine in Germany

- Changes per quater in comparison to the previous year by information from selected wine companies in Germany -

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

I00

II00

III00

IV00

I01

II01

III01

IV01

I02

II02

III02

IV02

I03

II03

III03

IV03

I04

II04

III04

IV04

Supermarkets Specialists Restaurant Direct Export

* Salden (Differenz der Meldeanteile) der befragten Unternehmen mit der Angabe einer positiven (+) oder negativen (-) Einschätzung. Die Salden geben die Tendenz der Firmeneinschätzung an.Quelle:Quartalsumfrage des Bundesverbandes der Deutschen Weinkellereien und des Weinfachhandels e. V. sowie des Fachgebietes Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung: bei 279 Unternehmen der Weinwirtschaft in Deutschland mit einem gemeinsamen Jahresumsatz von 1,33 Mrd. Euro, erstellt durch das Fachgebiet Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung der Forschungsanstalt Geisenheim.

increased

decreased

Page 7: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Distribution channels in Germany in 2003 and 2004

•* m. W. : with estates /cooperatives

• * o. W. : without estates / cooperatives

(Basis: bis einschließlich 2002 17.000 berichtende Haushalte. Ab 2003 13.000 berichtende Haushalte)

(Share of the Channel %)

East West

20

20

30

55 63 23

54 4 5

3 34

31 32 33 25 27

19 1817 30

24

35353420

25 25

877 97 8

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2003 m. W.*

2003 o. W.*

2004 o. W.*

2003 m. W.*

2003 o. W.*

2004 o. W.*

small groceries

Supermarkets

Discounter Aldi

Otherdiscounters

estates /cooperatives

Specialists

Others

Page 8: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Germany: Distribution Channels of Wine (Purchase of Private Households: % by Volume)

Source : Erstellt nach Daten des GfK-Haushaltspanels durch das Fachgebiet Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung, Geisenheim

im Auftrag des Deutschen Weininstituts.

(Basis: bis einschließlich 2002 17.000 berichtende Haushalte. Ab 2003 13.000 berichtende Haushalte)

6 7 5 5 4 5 3 5 38 8 6 7 6 5 4

3 32 2 2 1

17 16

13 1417 17 18 19

22 23

17 17 18 18 19 20 22 23 24

24 23 23 22 23

8 7 8 8 7 7 7 6

47 01

1819

21 2120 19 19

21

2323 2423

7

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

sm all groceries

superm arket

hyperm arket

Aldi

other discount

producer (direct)

Cash & Carry

specialis ts

others

Page 9: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Germany: Share of the Colour of Wines

(Purchase of Private Households: % by Volume)

Source : Erstellt nach Daten des GfK-Haushaltspanels durch das Fachgebiet Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung, Geisenheim,

im Auftrag des Deutschen Weininstituts.

(Basis: bis einschließlich 2002 17.000 berichtende Haushalte. Ab 2003 13.000 berichtende Haushalte)

29 29 27 26 24 23 27

64 63 63 65 68 69 66

7 8 8 7

2626

6667

78910 7

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

White wine Red wine Rosé wine

69 67 69 68 64 61 59 56 59

21 24 25 25 28 31 33 34

10 9 6 7 9 8 10

33

8 8

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

White wine Red wine Rosé wine

Imported wine German wine

Page 10: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Germany: Import of Wines(Category of Quality, Colour of Wines)

- Volume -

0

500.000

1.000.000

1.500.000

2.000.000

2.500.00019

85

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

VQPRD white VQPRD red/rosé table wine white table wine red/rosé

1)

1) Umstellungseffekt der statistischen Erfassung durch den Wegfall der Importformalitäten an den Grenzen (Einführung des Binnenmarktes). * Schätzung

Source: Erstellt nach den Daten des Statistischen Bundesamtes, Außenhandel, Fachserie 7, durch den Deutschen Weinbauverband

sowie das Fachgebiet Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung, Geisenheim, im Auftrag des Deutschen Weininstituts.

Page 11: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Germany: Import of Wines (Category of Quality, Colour of Wines)

(Average Value per Bottles: € / hl)

0,00

100,00

200,00

300,0019

85

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

VQPRD white VQPRD red/rosé table wine white table wine red/rosé

1)

1) Umstellungseffekt der statistischen Erfassung durch den Wegfall der Importformalitäten an den Grenzen (Einführung des Binnenmarktes). * Schätzung

Source: Erstellt nach den Daten des Statistischen Bundesamtes, Außenhandel, Fachserie 7, durch den Deutschen Weinbauverband

sowie das Fachgebiet Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung, Geisenheim, im Auftrag des Deutschen Weininstituts.

Page 12: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Germany: Import of Wines in Bottles from »Europe«- Volume -

France

0

200.000

400.000

600.000

800.000

1.000.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

hl

Italy

0

200.000

400.000

600.000

800.000

1.000.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

hl

Spain

0

200.000

400.000

600.000

800.000

1.000.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

table wine red/rosé table wine whiteVQPRD red/rosé VQPRD white

hl

1)

Source: Data of the Federal Statistical Office, foreign trade, Serie 7, different years.

1) Change of import reporting system (introduction of the common market)

Page 13: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

 Germany: Import of Wines in Bottles from the»New World«- Volume -

USA

0

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

19

85

19

86

19

87

19

88

19

89

19

90

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

*

hl

Chile

0

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

19

85

19

86

19

87

19

88

19

89

19

90

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

*

hl

Source: Data of the Federal Statistical Office, foreign trade, Serie 7, different years.

Australia

0

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

table wine red/rosé table wine white

hl

Page 14: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

 Germany: Import of Wines in Bottles from the»New World«- Volume -

South - Afrika

0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

19

85

19

86

19

87

19

88

19

89

19

90

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

*

hl

Newzealand

0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

198

5

198

6

198

7

198

8

198

9

199

0

199

1

199

2

199

3

199

4

199

5

199

6

199

7

199

8

199

9

200

0

200

1

200

2

200

3

200

4*

table w ine w hite table w ine red/rosé

hl

Argentina

0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

hl

Source: Data of the Federal Statistical Office, foreign trade, Serie 7, different years.

Page 15: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

 Germany: Import of Wines in Bulk from »Europe«- Volume -

France

0

500.000

1.000.000

1.500.000

2.000.000

2.500.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

hl

Spain

0

500.000

1.000.000

1.500.000

2.000.000

2.500.000

19

85

19

86

19

87

19

88

19

89

19

90

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

*

VQPRD white VQPRD red/rosétable wine white table wine red

hl

1)Italia

0

500.000

1.000.000

1.500.000

2.000.000

2.500.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

hl

Source: Data of the Federal Statistical Office, foreign trade, Serie 7, different years.

1) Change of import reporting system (introduction of the common market)

Page 16: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

 Germany: Import of Wines in Bulk from » New World«- Volume -

USA

0

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

300.000

350.000

400.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

hl

Chile

0

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

300.000

350.000

400.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

hl

Australia

0

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

300.000

350.000

400.000

198

5

198

61

987

198

8

198

9

199

01

991

199

2

199

3

199

41

995

199

6

199

7

199

81

999

200

0

200

1

200

22

003

200

4

tablewine white tablewine red/rosé

hl

Source: Data of the Federal Statistical Office, foreign trade, Serie 7, different years.

Page 17: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

 Germany: Import of Wines in Bulk from » New World«- Volume -

South-Afrika

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

60.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

hl

table w ine w hite table w ine red/rosé

Argentina

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

hl

Newzealand

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

*

hl

Source: Data of the Federal Statistical Office, foreign trade, Serie 7, different years.

Page 18: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Summary:

The German Wine Market

is changing from Europe to New World

is changing from VDQPRD to Table Wines

continues to change from white to red

is very competitive in terms of price and quality

is demanding innovations

Page 19: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

‘Terroir or Brand‘

by

D. Hoffmann

Geisenheim, Sept. 2004

Page 20: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Situation:a comfortable situation for consumers

a large number of shops offering wines

a large number of wines on the shelf (100 – 600 wines) in all price segments

wines from different regions, varieties, producers...

But the decision is difficult,

because different wines from the same origin

the same variety

with different prices

How to find the best price / quality relation ?

Page 21: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Terroir / Origin

a new term came up

terroir defines the impact of

• soil

• climate / weather

• tradition (style of wine, variety ......)

a confusing number of various definitions exists

Therefore: terroir describes very individual

philosophies than a scientific term

Page 22: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Brandis made by people, using

• land, sites (terroir)

• varieties

• vineyard management

• wine making

• philosophy

• an individual communication system (persons, a name, a

sign......)

Each family with his estate is a brand !

Page 23: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

What is about the impact of terroir or brands

on the quality of wine ?

We defined:

Quality = f (brand, terroir,.....others)

Question:

how important are the brand and the terroir ?

Page 24: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Empirical analysis 2002:

Aim: quantification of the impact of brand and terroir

Methode: sensorical judgement (0-10 points) by 10 experts

Material: of 123 wines (99er and 2000er Riesling dry, QbA and Spätlese)

from 5 wine regions, 55 estates,37 sites collected by 5 students

Page 25: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Results from a multifactoriell analysis of variance

Source: own estimation

% F-W erte

Rest 8,6% 8,49***factor: estate (brand) 79,2% 3,94*factor: sites (terroir) 12,2% 7,35***Modell 91,4%Total 100,0%

r2 des Modells: 0,914; korrigiertes r2 des Modells: 0,790

Page 26: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Results from a regression modell

independent variables sites estates sites and estates1 Lage Pfalz 18 estates:

- 4 Pfalz- 3 Nahe- 7 Rheinhessen- 4 Rheingau

16 estates:- 2 Pfalz- 3 Nahe- 7 Rheinhessen- 4 Rheingau3 sites (alle Pfalz)

Resultsestimated variance by regression 11,728 217,125 232,078rest-variance 351,868 146,471 131,517total variance 363,596 363,596 363,596r2 of the modells 0,032* 0,597*** 0,638***korrig. r2 of the modells 0,025* 0,532*** 0,576***

Dependent variable: winequality

Source: own estimation

Page 27: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Impact on quality =

60-80% by brand (estate)

3-12% by terroir (site)

8-37% others

Results:

Page 28: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Empirical analysis 2003:

Aim: identification of origin (terroir) for premium Riesling (1. Gewächs, große Lage, .....)

Methode: sensorical judgement (0-5 points) by 19 experts

Material: 22 premium wines from the variety Riesling, from 11 wine regions, 16 estates,

collected by 5 students

Page 29: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

average of identification: 16 %

one region was identified by: 30 %

418 judgements = 100 %

(22 wines X 19 experts)

Results:

Page 30: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Customers view: terms of origin (terroir):

confusing

high involvement necessary

world of experts

brand: easy to understand

easy to find on the shelf

source of confidence

Page 31: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

The market classifies by brands: e.g. Gaja,

Chateau Petrus, Weil, Torres, Penfolds, Mondavy, Opus One, Gunderloch, Schloß Vollrads, Heger,............................

Page 32: The German Wine Market - Structure and Trends – by D. Hoffmann Geisenheim Research Institut Germany, Sept. 2005

Summary:

Comparing the impact on winequality and on success in the market:

brands are much more important than terroir.

The image of famous terroirs are build by brands !

Future in the international winemarket:

Brands (have and) will become very important !!

Brand management is the key of success in a growing international wine business !