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This work has been digitalized and published in 2013 by Verlag Zeitschrift für Naturforschung in cooperation with the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science under a Creative Commons Attribution4.0 International License.
Dieses Werk wurde im Jahr 2013 vom Verlag Zeitschrift für Naturforschungin Zusammenarbeit mit der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung derWissenschaften e.V. digitalisiert und unter folgender Lizenz veröffentlicht:Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 Lizenz.
918 W. W. FRANKE UND B. ERMEN
tion3’ n ’ 22 wird durch diesen Stoffwechselweg ge
deckt. Die sog. Shikimisäure-Prephensäure-Sequenz
— ohne den Pentosephosphatzyklus-Vorspann nicht
denkbar — ist Voraussetzung zur Bildung vieler
aromatischer Verbindungen, die im Wundgewebe
intensiv hergestellt werden 23. Auch werden Pentose-
derivate in die Histidin- 24 und Tryptophan-Syn
these 25 einbezogen, was u. a. für die wundbedingte
IES-Synthese von Bedeutung sein könnte.
Das im Pentosezyklus gebildete NADPH ist für
die im Wundgewebe nachgewiesene Fettsäuresyn
these erforderlich. Darüber hinaus setzt die Protein
synthese des Kartoffelwundgewebes eine ausreichende
Menge an Aminosäuren voraus, deren Konzentra
tion während der anfänglichen Phase der Wundhei
lung stark verringert wird 26. Für die Nachlieferung
22 M. J. S a m p s o n u . G. G. L a t ie s , Plant Physiol. 43, 1011[1968].
23 K. R . H a n s o n u . M. Z u c k e r , J. biol. Chemistry 238, 1105[1963].
ist die NADPH-spezifische reduktive Aminierung
von a-Ketosäuren zu Glutamat von Bedeutung, zu
mal sich die Aktivität der Glutamatdehydrogenase
nach Derepression des Parenchyms erhöht (eigene,
unveröffentlichte Ergebnisse).
Der notwendige Ausschluß jeglicher Betrachtung
struktureller Gegebenheiten der Zelle, wichtiger
Stoffwechselbereiche wie Nucleinsäurestoffwechsel.
Protein-, Fettsäure- und Steroidalkaloidsynthese.
Säureumsatz und alle Änderungen in der Atmungs
kette der Wundzelle erfordert dringlich weitere
Untersuchungen zur Frage der Derepression in
pflanzlichen Geweben.
Frau M a r g o t K r a u s e und Fräulein R e n a t e B e r k -
n e r danken wir für ausgezeichnete technische Assistenz.
24 B. L . H o r e c k e r , 8. Coll. Ges. Physiol. Chem. 1958.25 C. Y a n o f s k y , Biochem. biophysica Acta [Amsterdam] 20.
438 [1956].26 J. R a t h s , Dissertation, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin 1958.
Negative Staining of Plant Slime Cellulose: An Examination of the Elementary Fibril Concept
W e r n e r W . F r a n k e and Bärbel Er m e n
Lehrstuhl für Zellbiologie, Institut für Biologie II, Universität Freiburg i. Br.
(Z. Naturforschg. 24 b, 918— 922 [1969] ; eingegangen am 13. März 1969)
Die Cellulose pflanzlicher Schleime (von Quittenkernen und Senfsamen) wurde direkt, nach Aceton-Fällung und nach Alkali-Extraktion im Negativkontrastverfahren (Phosphorwolframsäure und Uranylacetat) auf hydrophilisierten Trägerfolien elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Die einzeln liegenden Fibrillen besitzen Breiten von 100 Ä bis hinunter zu 10—12 Ä. Derartig dünne Fibrillen stellen die kleinsten bisher im Elektronenmikroskop nachgewiesenen Polysaccharidstrukturen dar. Darüber hinaus läßt sich feststellen, daß die für Cellulosefibrillen charakteristische bandförmige Struktur auch für Fibrillen mit Abmaßen im Bereich der „Elementarfibrillen“ von Frey- W y s s l in g und M ühlethaler zutrifft. Die kleinsten noch gut meßbaren Fibrillenbänder haben Querschnitte von etwa 12 —15'30 —40 A. Die Messungen widerlegen bisher weithin akzeptierte Vorstellungen von einer Elementarfibrille mit einem Querschnitt von ca. 35-35 Ä als kleinster Struktureinheit nativer Cellulose. Aus den gefundenen Fibrillendimensionen ergeben sich Folgerungen für die gegenwärtig zur Diskussion stehenden Cellulose-Modelle.
According to a hypothesis of F r e y -Wy s s l in g
and M ü h l e t h a l e r 1-5 the ultimate structural unit
of native cellulose is the so-called elementary fibril
with a cross-section of about 35 x 35 Ä. The larger
cellulose mierofibrils showing widths in the 100 to
300 Ä range are thought of as being composed
1 K. M ü h l e t h a l e r , Beih. Z. Schweiz. Forstverw. 30, 55 [I960].
2 Ä . F rey-W yss lin g u. K. M ü h le t h a le r , Makromolekulare Chem. 62, 25 [1963].
3 A. F r e y -Wy s s l in g . K. M ü h l e t h a l e r u. R .M u g g l i , Holz- Roh- u. Werkstoff 24, 443 [1963].
of these elementary fibrils by lateral fasciation in
the direction of the 101 plane2,6. This concept of a
unit elementary fibril has been accepted by many
authors (e.g. I .e .7,8) and served as a basis for
constructing models of the arrangement of the cel
lulose molecules within the native fibril (e.g.
4 K. M ü h l e t h a l e r , Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 18. 1 [1967].5 K. M ü h l e t h a l e r u . R. M u g g l i , Papier 23, 15 [1969].
6 A. F r e y -W y s s l in g , Science [Washington] 119 ,80 [1954],
7 E . S c h n e p f , Planta 67. 213 [1965].
8 A. N . J. H e y n , J. Cell Biol. 29, 181 [1966].
W. W. F r a n k e and B. E r m e n , Negative Staining of Plant Slime Cellulose: An Examination of the Elementary Fibril Concept(p . 918)
Zeitschrift fiir Naturforschung 24 b . Seite 918 a.
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 24 b. Seite 918 b.
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 24 b, Seite 918 c.
NEGATIVE STAINING OF PLANT SLIME CELLULOSE 919
1. c. 9 13) . One should bear in mind, however, that
the evidence for this uniformity of the 35 X 35 Ä
cross-section of the elementary fibril is based al
most entirely on electron micrographs which ob
viously did not allow correct measurements below
30 Ä (e. g. 1. c .1_3, 7~9) .
Thus it seemed desirable to examine the concept
of the uniformly dimensioned elementary fibril as
the smallest structural unit of cellulose using some
advancements in negative staining technique which
secure a particularly thin spreading of the staining
matter. As a material preferentially suited for this
study we chose plant slime cellulose, especially that
from the quince slime, which is known to be present
as native separate small fibrils in the elementary
fibril order of magnitude14,15 in a soluble state,
mediated by the accompanying carboxyl containing
hemicellulosic substances15. This native slime cel-
Fig. 1. Survey micrograph of a fresh preparation made from quince slime and negatively stained with phosphotungstic acid. Amorphous clumps of PTA-repellent non-cellulosic material are frequently accentuating the crossings of the cellulose fibrils. Broad fibrils (about 100 A. long arrow) occur as well as narrow ones. The ribbon-like shape of the fibrils is evident at many sites where a fibril turns from the broad side
to its narrow edge (short arrows). Magn. 110,000 : 1.
Fig. 2. Survey micrograph of a preparation made from ace- tone-precipitated dry slime matter, stained as in Fig. 1. Non- cellulosic material is greatly diminished while the distribu
tion of fibril widths is not altered. Magn. 110,000 : 1.
Fig. 3. Cellulose fibrils from freshly prepared mustard seed slime, negatively stained with PTA. Fibrils showing widths
below 30 A can be discerned. Magn. 240,000 : 1.
Fig. 4. Quince slime cellulose (PTA) revealing many fibrils thinner than 30 A, the ribbon-like shape of the fibrils, and
“cracking sites” (arrow). Magn. 200,000 : 1.
Fig. 5. Cellulose fibrils from quince slime in an area of faint PTA-staining. The arrow denotes a 10—12 Ä broad fibril. Note the apparent reduction of crystalline rigidity in fibrils
that thin. Magn. 320,000 : 1.
Fig. 6. Quince slime preparation after staining with uranyl acetate (pH 4.5). Cracking sites (upper arrow) and the rib- bon-like structure (lower arrows) of fibrils thinner than 30 A are present also when this staining agent is used. Magn.
250,000 : 1.
9 R. S t . J. M a n l e y , Nature [London] 204, 1155 [1964].10 M . M a r x -Fi g i n i u. G. V. S c h u l z , Biochim. biophysica
Acta [Amsterdam] 112,81 [1966].11 M . M a r x -Fi g i n i u . G. V. S c h u l z , Naturwissenschaften 53,
466 [1966].12 H . B it t ig e r u . E. H u s e m a n n , Papier 23, 17 [1969].
lulose also has a DP in the range of 12,000 to
15,00016 as is characteristic for secondary plant
cell wall cellulose in general (e.g. 1. c .10, n>16) .
Materials and Methods
Quince slime (Cydonia vulgaris L.) was prepared either freshly from quince pips (1 g per 100 ml, purification from particulate contaminations by filtration and low speed centrifugation) or from acetone-precipitated dry slime powder. Drops of the slime solutions were transferred onto formvar coated grids which had been previously hydrophilized either by serial treatments with a 0.1 M NaCl solution and distilled water for about 30 min or by a glow discharge carbon layer (1 kv, ca. 2 mA, 10-2 torr, benzene). Negative staining was performed either with 1% or 2% phosphotungstic acid, adjusted to pH 7.5, or with 1% uranyl acetate (pH 4.5). The preparations were examined with a Siemens Elmiskop IA or 101. The calibration of the magnification indicators was routinely controlled using
Fig. 7. Quince slime cellulose (PTA). Fibrillar ends often seem to fray (arrows). Magn. 220,000 : 1.
Fig. 8. Same preparation as that shown in Fig. 7. Oblique, blunt ends of cellulose fibrils can occasionally be also obser
ved. Magn. 220,000 : 1.
Fig. 9. Same preparation. Subfibrils of widths below 10 A can sometimes be revealed in a somewhat “uncoiled” configura
tion (arrows). Magn. 270,000 : 1.
Fig. 10. Quince slime cellulose (PTA). Fibrils thinner 30 A generally show a “beaded” appearance. Magn. 250,000 : 1.
Fig. 11. Beaded appearance in PTA stained cellulose fibrils from mustard seed slime. Magn. 250,000 : 1.
Fig. 12. Quince slime cellulose after staining with uranyl acetate (pH 4.5). Fibrils showing widths in the 20 A range appear beaded in this kind of negative staining, too. Magn.
250,000 : 1.
Fig. 13. PTA-stained mixture of quince slime cellulose and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) using the latter as a distance
marker. Magn. 220,000 : 1.
Fig. 14. Detail from Fig. 13 clearly demonstrating that the width of the cellulose fibril is at about 20 A. This is evident from comparison with the TMV width as well as with the ca.
20 A coat protein particles. Magn. 245,000 : 1.
Fig. 15. Similar PTA preparation as that shown in Fig. 13 using mustard seed slime cellulose. Magn. 220,000 : 1.
13 H . B i t t ig e r , E. H u s e m a n n u . A. K u p p e l , Cellulose Chemistry and Technology [Bucharest], in press (1969).
14 K. M ü h l e t h a l e r , Exp. Cell Res. 1, 341 [1950].15 E. H u s e m a n n u . G. K e i l i c h , Cellulose Chemistry and Tech
nology [Bucharest], in press (1969).16 M . M a r x -Fi g i n i , Biochim. biophysica Acta [Amsterdam],
in press (1969).
920 W. W. FRANKE UND B. ERMEN
grating replicas with different lattice spacings. For staining preparations as evaluated in the present study the minimum grain size, i. e. the grain resolution of the preparation as such, was determined in close-to- focus micrographs of through-focus-series to be at 8 Ä for both staining materials, uranyl acetate (UA) and phosphotungstic acid (PTA). The average grain size, however, was 10 —12 Ä in the phosphotungstate and8 —10 A in the uranyl acetate preparations. For discussing the practical limit of resolution in PTA preparations compare also the differing remarks by Klug and F inch1' and Haydon 18. For the present publication preference was given to slightly underfocus micrographs in order to produce higher contrast so that the grain size is also somewhat increased due to the phase image pattern.
Similar preparations were made using the slime of mustard seeds, Sinapis alba L.
Micrographs were taken at instrument magnifications from 33,000 to 80,000. Fibrillar structures with widths below 20 A were taken in account only when recognizable in two or more different micrographs of a focus series.
For direct comparison of the structural dimensions negative staining preparations were made by using a mixture of quince or mustard slime, respectively, and tobacco mosaic virus particles (TMV) in order to have the particle widths (minimum 150 Ä in close packing, maximum of 174 Ä in the wet state), the ca. 20 A period of the helically arranged capsomeres and the core diameter (40 Ä when viewed from the end) as distance markers (reviewed e.g. 1. c. 29) . In order to elucidate whether changes in fibril widths occurred during the conventional alkaline treatment, cellulose obtained after extracting the slime with 24% KOH was routinely examined in the same way.
Results and Discussion
The general negative staining appearance of the
cellulose slimes of the quince pips as well as of the
mustard seeds resembles that one reported for the
enzymatically purified cellulose of the algae Glauco-
cystis 7 and Valonia 20. The only difference that can
be discerned between preparations made from ace
tone-precipitated slime matter (Fig. 2) and those
made freshly from the pips or the seeds, respecti
vely, is the predominance of the amorphous clusters
of non-cellulosic material in the latter preparations
(Fig. 1). This non-cellulosis-material seems to be
preferentially accumulated at the crossings of the
17 A. K l u g and J. T. F i n c h , J. molecular Biol. 31. 1 [1968].18 G. B. H a y d o n , J. Ultrastructure Res. 25, 349 [1968],19 R. M a r k h a m . J. H . H i t c h b o r n , G. J. H i l l s , and S. F r e y ,
Virology 22, 342 [1964].20 W. W. F r a n k e u . H . F a l k , Z. Naturforschg. 23 b. 272
[1968].
separate fibrils (e.g. Fig. 1 *). The results on the di
mensions of the cellulose fibrils presented in the fol
lowing refer to both quince and mustard material.
The length of the fibrils can be determined in
some instances as exceeding 6 //m. While the
majority of the fibrils reveals widths in the 30 to
50 Ä range (compare I .e .15), a great many others
can be found which are broader (up to about 100 Ä.
e.g. Figs. 1, 9) or smaller (down to values in the
10 — 15 Ä range, e.g. Figs. 3 — 6, 10—15). The
distribution of the fibril widths demonstrates clearly
that no striking preference of 35 Ä or multiples of
35 Ä exists as has been stressed by M ü h le t h a le r 1.
The smallest cellulose fibrils so far distinctly recog
nized are at about 10 — 12 Ä broad (e.g. Fig. 5, ar
row) . Such fibrils thinner than 20 Ä were also pre
sent in the preparations using alkaline-purified slime
cellulose21. Since the careful study of O h a d and
D a n o n 22 the accuracy of measurements on negati
vely stained cellulose fibrils is well established. That
a critical underestimation of the fibril widths using
this method can be excluded is also indicated by the
observation that in areas adequately stained the rela
tive degree of staining, i. e. the thickness of the
staining material, does not markedly influence the
fibril widths. Fibrils below 20 Ä can be seen in
areas of extremely faint staning as well (e.g. Figs.
5, 6, 12). Moreover, the very same fibril extending
from a heavily stained area into a moderately stained
one does not show considerable differences in its
width in dependence on the local intensity of the
staining.
It might be noteworthy in this connection that oc
casionally even smaller subfibrils can be encoun
tered. These are at about 8 — 9 Ä wide and seem to
be in some sort of an “uncoiling” configuration
(Fig. 9, arrows). Since fibrils that small apparently
are in the range of the grain resolution of the
staining they cannot be interpreted as “truly re
solved” structures but rather as structures the exi
stence of which is barely indicated. Thus their di
mensions will not be discussed here in more detail.
In a previous paper we have shown that the
smallest fibrils which can be encountered in
enzymatically prepared Valonia wall cellulose are
21 B. D eum ling and W. W. F ran k e , manuscript in preparation.
22 J. O had and D. D anon , J. Cell Biol. 22, 302 [1964].* Figs. 1— 15 s. Table p. 918 a —d.
NEGATIVE STAINING OF PLANT SLIME CELLULOSE 921
not elementary fibrils Avith a cross-section of about
35 x 35 Ä (either circular or square-shaped)
but rather ribbons with cross-sections of about
30 — 40x100 — 200 Ä 20, and we expressed the
suggestion that most of the cellulosic fibrillar
structures referred to in the literature as being
35 x 35 Ä fibrils were in reality such ribbon
like 35 x 100 Ä ones viewed edge-on (concerning
the so-called elementary fibrils in Valonia com
pare e.g. also Fig. 4 in 1. c. 23) . In the plant slime
cellulose the general predominance of ribbon
like fibrils is again apparent (e.g. Figs. 1, 4, 6),
especially at sites where a fibril turns from the
broader side onto its smaller edge (e.g. Figs. 1, 6).
The smallest ribbons so far measured have cross-
sections of about 12 — 15 X 30 — 40 Ä . This agrees
best with the measurements of Ohad and Danon
on the dimensions of cellulose fibrils prepared from
corn coleoptiles and from Acetobacter xylinum 22, 24 and with the cellulose fibril model by Asunmaa 25.
As is characteristic for cellulose fibrils in general
the plant slime cellulose fibrils show also “cracking
sites” 1’ 7t 20, 26, thus indicating their highly crystal
line nature (e.g. Figs. 1, 2, 4 — 6). The ends of the
fibrils were observed either as fraying out into smal
ler subfibrillar constituents (e.g. Fig. 7) or as being
more blunt and oblique (Fig. 8). At least the latter
appearance seems not to be a native ending since
this particular kind of cellulose fibril end is known
to be characteristic for acid hydrolytic treatment and
cellulase attack 23.
Since B e l a v t s e v a et al. 27 have shown by com
paring electron microscopical and X-ray data that
treatment with PTA does not affect the ordered
structure of cellulose the results obtained with this
agent can be seen as reliable. Unfortunately, cor
responding data on treatment with UA are lacking.
A remark, however, should be made on the use of
UA in the preparations of the type described above.
With respect to fibrillar dimensions no differences
were observed when compared with PTA staining
(Figs. 6 , 1 2 ); however, immediate gel-forming pre
cipitation takes place in the acid UA solution, most
likely caused by rapid hydrolysis of the heteropoly
23 A . B. W a r d r o p and S. M. J u t t e , W ood Sei. Technology 2,
105 [1968].
24 J . O h a d and D . D a n o n , J . Israel Chem . Soc. 1, 194
[1963].
25 S. K . A sunm aa , Tappi 49, No. 7, 319 [1966].
26 H . R . H o h l and R . P . G e o rg e , J . Cell B io l. 27, 4 3 A — 44A
[1965].
saccharides of the slime (compare I.e .15). This ef
fects an increased number of aggregated fibrils and
renders the entire staining procedure more difficult.
Therefore, when working with cellulose containing
slimes, PTA which can be kept in neutral solution
seems to be the staining material of choice.
Fibrillar structures in the 10 — 30 Ä range often
reveal a somewhat “beaded” appearance (Figs. 10,
11). This phenomenon, however, should not be
interpreted as being caused by true structural de
tails of the fibril structure 9. Since the grain size of
the usual negative staining substances cannot be re
duced remarkably below 7 — 8 A every linear struc
ture with widths in this order of magnitude must
necessarily appear more or less “beaded” . Fibrils
in the 10 A range are the smallest polysaccharide
structures hitherto observed with the electron micro
scope. Therefore it seemed valuable to ensure these
widths by calibration with a marker particle. In the
negatively stained mixtures of the slime celluloses
and TMV particles it is apparent that the fibril
widths are frequently at about one tenth the width
of the virus particle or even less (Figs. 13 — 15).
Taken together the results of our width measure
ments and some corresponding data reported by
O h a d and D a n o n 22,24 (compare also a remark
1. c. 28) the conclusion seems to be justified that the
concept of an elementary fibril with a cross-section
of about 35 x 35 A is the ultimate structural unit of
native cellulose cannot be further sustained. Fibril
widths ob about 15 A were also calculated by
G ü n th e r 29 for the smallest fibrils of germinating
spores of Funaria hygrometrica after shadow
casting with metal. One rather gains the impression
that the polyglucan chains are arranged into fibrillar
structures (be they straight or folded) so that all
width values from 10 A to the 100 —200 A of the
microfibrils are possible (see also 1. c. 30) . The mere
fact that cellulose can exist in fibrils 10 — 25 A
broad leads to some restrictions concerning the cel
lulose models recently proposed (reviews e. g.
1. c. 4> 12,13) . At least some of the models which as
sume glucose chains folded more or less perpendicu
larly to the fibrillar axis seem hardly to comply
27 M. B e l a v t s e v a , M. P e t r o v , and D . T s v a n k in , Vysoko-mol. soyed. 6, 684 [1964].
28 H. D o l m e t s c h u . H. D o l m e t s c h , Papier 22, 1 [1968].29 J. G ü n t h e r , J. Ultrastruct. Res. 4, 304 [I960].30 P . A. R o e l o f s e n , Advances botan. Res. 2, 69 [1966].
922 H. WAGNER, W. ZOFCSIK UND I. HENG
with the requirement to explain widths that small.
Furthermore, again in agreement with an earlier re
mark of O h a d and D a n o n 22, it is evident from our
observations that the ribbon-like shape of cellulose
fibrils is not limited to microfibrils or fibrils broader
than 35 Ä, but is likely a characteristic of cellulose
chain associations in general. From the fibrillar di
mensions mentioned above one should expect X-ray
data referring to microcrystallite diameters in the
10 — 20 Ä range. However, at present there exists
a total lack of any X-ray work on native plant slime
cellulose. X-ray determined microcrystallite dia
meters of other kinds of cellulose range from
13 — 17 Ä up to values higher than 100 A (reviews
e.g. 1. c. 8) . It would be worthwhile to undertake
X-ray studies on native cellulose in search of the ca.
10 Ä microcrystallite diameters predictable from the
present electron microscopical measurements.
The authors wish to thank Drs. E. H u s e m a n n , P. S it t e and G. K e il ic h for helpful discussions as well as Miss M. W in t e r for skilful technical assistance. The work was partially supported by the Deutsche F orschungsgemeinschaf t.
Sphingolipide und Glykolipide von Pilzen und höheren Pflanzen
V. Mitt.1: Über die Struktur des Phytoglykolipids aus A rachis hypogaea L.
H. W a g n e r , W . Z o fc s ik und I. H eng
Institut für pharmazeutische Arzneimittellehre der Universität München
(Z. Naturforsdig. 24 b, 922—927 [1969] ; eingegangen am 19. März 1969)
Aus der Phosphatidfraktion der Erdnuß (Arachis hypogaea L.) wurde ein phosphorhaltiges Sphingoglykolipid isoliert, das in der qualitativen und quantitativen Zusammensetzung seiner Sphingosinbasen, Fettsäuren und Zuckerbausteine mit dem Phytoglykolipid (PhGL) aus Soja und Mais große Ähnlichkeit aufweist. Nach dem Ergebnis der Mol.-Gew.-Bestimmungen ist für das Erd- nuß-PhGL eine Polymerstruktur wahrscheinlich.
1953 isolierten M a l k in und P o o l e 2 aus der Ge-
samtphosphatidfraktion der Erdnuß ein Glykolipid,
bei dem es sich um das ./V-Glykosyl-Derivat eines mit
Äthanolamin veresterten Phosphatidylinositphospha-
tes handeln sollte. Später isolierten C a r t e r und Mit
arbb. 3 aus dem gleichen Material ein Glykolipid,
das sich in einigen Kennzahlen wie die Sphingosin
haltigen Phytoglykolipide aus Sojabohne, Mais,
Flachs, Baumwollsamen, Sonnenblumenkernen und
Weizen verhielt. Eine Analyse und Strukturaufklä
rung wurde von den Autoren nicht durchgeführt. Da
aus den zwei Arbeiten nicht hervorgeht, ob es sich
bei beiden Lipiden um dieselbe Substanz unter
schiedlicher Reinheit oder um zwei verschiedene Ver
bindungen gehandelt hat, unterzogen wir die Ino-
sitidfraktion der Erdnußphosphatide einer erneuten
Analyse.
1 IV. M it t . : H . W a g n e r , P. P o h l u . A. M u n z in g , Z. N a tu r
forschg. 24 b, 360 [1969].2 T. M a lk in u . A. G. P o o le , J. chem. Soc. [London] 1953.
3470.
A. Isolierung, chromatographisches und chemisch-
physikalisches Verhalten des Erdnußphytoglykolipids
Wir verglichen einen Rohphosphatidextrakt aus
Erdnußsamen chromatographisch mit einem Phyto-
glykolipid-haltigen Extrakt aus Sojabohnen. Auf
Formaldehydpapier 4 erhielten wir in Butanol — Eis
essig—Wasser (4:1:5) das typische Chromato
grammbild eines pflanzlichen Phosphatidextraktes.
Neben Lecithin, Colaminkephalin und Monophos-
phoinositid (MPI) fanden wir im / /̂-Bereich 0,15
bis 0,25 mehrere mit Rhodamin B, Nilblau oder
Ammoniummolybdat-Perchlorsäure anfärbbare Flek-
ken, die mit gereinigtem Sojaphytoglykolipid auf
gleicher Höhe lagen (s. Abb. 1). Damit war es erst
mals gelungen, auch so komplex zusammengesetzte
Inositide wie das PhGL chromatographisch darzu-
3 H . E. C a r t e r , W . D. C e lm e r , D. S. G a la n o s . R. H. G igg .
W . E. L a n d s , J. H . L a w , K . L. M u e l l e r . T. N a k a y a m a ,
H. H. T om izaw a u . E. W eber , J. Amer. Oil Chemists’ Soc.35, 225 [1958].
4 L . H ö rh a m m e r , H . W a g n e r u . R . R i c h t e r , Biochem. Z.
331, 155 [1959].
Recommended