133. EL HA-MENUKHAH VE-EL HA-NAKHLAH

28ter Yanuar, 1928. Heunt is bei mir der glücklech'ster tâg, sint ich hâb ‘erauf-gestellt

meine erste tritt auf der Kanader erd! Auf dem tâg hâb ich lang gewart un gekholemt! Heunt âwent kummt on mein mishpokheleh me-ever le-yam! Heunt well'n sich zurück zunauf-binden die über-gerissene fädim

mit meine lieb'ste un teuer'ste un es wet nehmen a soph zu mein elent un éinsamkeit!

Heunt, lekoved mein grõssn yontif, hât mich die schul bafreit vun mein arbet. A ganzn tâg bin ich ‘erum-geloffen a verhoreveter, a verschmeueter bei'm ein-ordenen mein neue Kanader héim...dâs gedungene dirreleh vun vier kléininke zimmerlach.

Ich hâb bazeitens ein-gehandelt bei a second-handign soykher k'ley-bayis... foyst-cless foyniture, wie er hât ângerufen. Hagam der style vun die möbel, wie er hât mich derklärt, is takkeh nischt vun der samme letzter mode, derfar âber seinen sée auser-gewöhntlech feste un schtarke, vun emmisn demb. Er hât sich auch geschworen var mir, as er verkauft sée mir "b'khetzi khinem", k'mat unter'n keren, b'asher b'khen ich bin a Hebrew teacher...

Ich hâb verkatchet die arbel un mit grõss hasmoydeh sich genummen var der arbet ein-zu-ordenen mein neue héim: dâs bissel metaltelin ‘erum-gewischt, ‘erum-geputzt, jeder sach ausgestellt auf'n gehörign platz: die schöene bablümte vor-hänglach auf-gehangen auf die fenster, sée sollen zugeben dem schtübeleh mehr kheyn, mehr héimlechkeit. Die gefäss: töplach, fändlach, teller, löffel, gâpel, messer v'kedoymeh...zustellt auf die küch-pollitzkellach, k'dey mein Freyda-Rokhel, die akeres-habayis, soll hâben alts gréit.

Ich bin bald aweg-geloffen in krom un ein-gekauft allerléi speis: läblach brõt, fläschlach milch, putter, zucker, saltz un she'ar yerakot, k'dey meine gäst, wâs schleppen sich schõn me'eys-le'eys über die lange, verschnéete weggen vun Kanada, verfrõhrene, verkhaleshte un verhungerte, sollen hâben gleich wie sée wellen ‘erein-fallen in schtub, mit wâs unter-zu-lennen dâs hartz. Agev hâb ich auch mit dem m'khiven gewe’en le-shem segulah wegen: ot wie mein mameh, olah-hasholom, hât getân, wenn sie hât sich ‘erein-geklieben in ihr éigen schtübeleh, hât sie koydem-kol ‘erein-getrâgen brõt un saltz, un ihre lippen hâben b'shahos maysseh geshepchet a tephilah zu'm Raboynu-shel-Oylam, as er soll ‘erein-schicken mazel brokho un hatzlakha in ihre vier winkelach...

Ich bin gestannen un batracht mit nakhis-digke augen mein aus-gestellte wirtschaft un alléin nischt geglaubt, as dâs alle wâs ich seh is takkeh meins. Ot dacht sich erst nischt lang bin ich ‘erum-geloffen

über die verschnéete Winnipeger gassen un gesucht a "job" zu verdienen mit wâs a tâg über-zu-kummen, un jetzt, Borukh Ha-shem, bin ich gebensht geworen mit fullkeit: a balebus vun éigene vier winkelach!

In dem moment hâb ich sich dermont on dem süessn, hartzign nigun, wâs mein tateh flegt sich untersingen, b’eys er hât gelernt mit seine talmidim dem khumash, wu es derzählt sich wie Ya'akov Avinu kehrt sich um vun Pidon Aram kén Kna'an, ‘erum-geringelt mit weiber un kinder, mit schâf un rinder un sâgt: "be-makili avarti et ha-yarden"...blõs mit a stecken bin ich ‘erüber dem Yarden, "ve-atah hayiti le-shney makhanot"...un azindert ot bin ich geworen zu zwéi makh’nos. Ot der posuk mit'n taten's nigun hât sich in mir jetzt zezungen: "Jâ, be-makili avarti et ha-yarden"...ich bin ‘erüber-geschwummen dem grõssn yam blõs mit säckel un päckel, un jetzt bin ich geworen baspunnen un bawâchsen mit al-dâs guts! Un ot-bald, bald, noch a shoeh un noch a shoeh, wie gich die schâttens vun dem tâg wellen verschwinden, well ich schõn wieder sein ‘erum-geringelt mit mein mishpokhah ...mit mein frau un kinderlach!

Varnacht. In drausen hât gesmolyet a brennendiger frost un es hât

gejâgt a schneidendiger windt. A zaverukhe hât sich zewildevet. Der windt hât alle weile auf-gehõben brilles schnee vun der erd un sée zemâhlen auf staub. Un jeder schnee-staubele hât gestochen dâs ponim wie mit nâdlen. Vun minut zu minut is der schnee-sturem geworen alts starker un starker. In dem dâsigen böesn gewitter bin ich mit a sturem in hartzn geloffen zu der bahn, bagegnen mein frau un kinder.

Ich hâb ‘erum-gespreist mit giche tritt hin un zurück über dem grõssn voksall un sich kéin ort nischt gekönnt gefinnen, wie die erd wollt gebrennt unter meine füess. Ich hâb gehalten in éin kucken auf'n grõssn wandt-séiger, âber wie auf-zu-lokhis (=auf zu lehakhis), hâben sich seine weisers kaum gerührt vun ort. Die minuten hâben sich gezõgen wie ganze eybigkeiten. Derzu noch hât die bahn, zulieb’n plutzimdign schnee-sturem, sich gehat verspätigkt. Ich hâb schõn nischt gehat kéin koyakh un kéin geduld mehr zu warten. Mein khush-hashmiah is gewe’en ângestrengt bis zu der höch'ster madreygeh. Ich hâb gewollt auf-khappen jeder siman, jeder klang vun der ânkummendiger bahn. Ich hâb âber blõs gehört dem böesn gevoy vun'm windt, wâs hât sich ‘erein-gerissen aher vun drausen .

Plutzling hât sich derhört a temper klappen vun schwere räder, der lokomotiev hât sich zerevet auf alle koylos, der glock hât sich hilchig zeklungen. Ich hâb sich a riess getân vun ort un genummen hastig laufen mit die träpp‘ ‘erauf, wâs hâben geführt zu der drausen-digker bahn-platforme.

Ich hâb gârnischt gefühlt dem moyrehdign frost, wâs hât mich ‘erum-gekhapt vun alle seiten, wie mit eis-kalte zwangen, un dem schneidendign windt, wâs hât mir gepatschet in ponim. Ich bin geloffen ohn' an âtem vun éin wagon zu'm zwéiten, gekuckt, gesucht, un nischt aufgehört zu rufen un zu schreien:

"Freyda-Rokhel! Reyzeleh! Mayerkeh! Wu seit ihr?!?" Kéiner hât nischt geäntfert. Ich hâb genummen schreien noch

höcher, âber der windt hât vertrâgen meine geschreien. Ich bin azh geworen verzwéifellt. Mitamâl hât sich dertrâgen zu mir a verstückt kol:

"Falik! Falik! Ot seinen mir!" Auf éinem vun die bahn-träpplach hâb ich dersehen stehen mein

frau mit a tchemodan in éin handt un in der anderer handt hât sie gehalten dâs zwéi-jâhrige muzinkeleh, Yehuditl, zu-getuliehet zu'm hartzn. Die zwéi ältere kinder, Reyzeleh un Mayerel, mit klumkelach in die händt, seinen ein-geklammert in ihr un zitteren vun schreck un kält.

Wie gich die kinder hâben mich dersehen, hâben sée sich bald a wârf getân zu mir, sich ‘erauf-gekhapt auf meine akslen, verwârfen die händtellach ‘erum mein haldz, mich genummen kuschen un aus-gebrochen in a gewéin.

"Tateh, wu bistu gewe’en? Far-wâs bistu aweg-gefâhren?" hât geschriehen Mayerkeh.

"Tateh, ich hâb asõ gebenkt nâch dir!" hât geschriehen Reyzeleh. Die mameh, mit'n kind auf die händt, is gestannen wie a

vergliewerte, sich zu-gekuckt zu der szenne, wâs hât sich âbgespielt zwischen tateh un kinder, un bald a fall getân in meine ârems un sich zekhlippet...

Ich hâb bald ‘eraus-gekhapt dâs kind vun ihre ârems, wâs is gewe’en asõ verwickelt, as es is gâr nischt könntig gewe’en, as in dem dâsigen stark-verknaulten päckel liegt ein-genyuret a menscheleh vun karge zwéi jâhr. Mit der zwéiter handt hâb ich a khap getân vun der erd a schweren tchemodan un gegeben a kommande:

"Nâch mir, kinderlach! Nâch mir kinderlach! Halt sich bei die händtellach! Gicher! Gicher! Mir'n bald, bald sein in der héim! In der héim!"

Mit zitterdige händt hâb ich auf-geprallt die tür vun mein schtübeleh. A liebe waremkeit hât uns a schlâg getân in ponim ‘erein. Der grõsser tchaynik auf'n héissn küch-õwen hât gekocht, a parre hât vun ihm gesetzt...azh dâs deckel seins hât getantzt ‘erauf un ‘erâb un rhythmische zu-geklungen, wie es wollt sich auch gefréudt mit die neue ângekummene gäst...

Die kinder, Reyzeleh un Mayerel, hâben sich auf schnell ‘eraus-

gepäckelt vun séiere schwere, winterdige malbushimlach un ângehõben laufen vun éin zimmerel zu'm anderen un alle weile aus-geschriehen vun fréud:

"Seh, mameh, die schafe, dem spiegel!" "Seh dem lamp mit die lämpelach!" "Kuck, `sara modnem õwen mir hâben!" Ich hâb a khap getân Freyda-Rokhlen far a handt un sie genummen

führen vun éin winkel zu'm andern. Ich hâb gewollt as sie soll schõn wâs gicher sehen die balebatischkeit, wâs ich hâb zu-gegréit far ihr.

A müede, an ausgeschöpte vun der langer schwerer reise is sie, mit wackeldige tritt, nâch-gegangen nâch mir mit neugerigke blicken alts batracht un modne geschméichelt...sie hât sich kaum derschlept zu der kanape, sich ‘erâb-gesetzt un sich vergangen in a spasmatischen gelächter, wâs is gicher gewe’en a gewéin...ihre lippen hâben geflüstert:

"Oh, Gott, soll dâs schõn sein unsere letzter wandern!" Die kinder hâben sich bald ‘erauf-gekhapt zu mir auf'n schaum,

sich ein-genyuret in mir mit die köplach, vun grõss tayneg azh verzhmuret mit die äugellach un mich nischt aufgehört zu glätten mit séiere händtellach, wie sée wollten sich noch alts nischt geglaubt as dâs sitzen sée schõn takkeh bei séier taten auf die knie...ich hâb sée schtark, schtark zu-gedrückt zu'm hartzn. Ich hâb sich gewollt ânsätigken mit'n süessn, waremen aromat, wâs hât geschlâgen vun séiere wareme körperlach; sich ân-shikur'n wâs mehr mit tatischer fréud un gluck, wâs ich hâb schõn lang, lang nischt gespürt.

Sée hâben aus-gedreht zu mir séiere ponimlach, mir ‘erein-gekuckt in die augen un genummen auf gich reden, plapplen, derzählen far mir vun der héim, vun dem zeyden. Éins hât gewollt über-schreien dem zwéiten. Der vier-un-a-halb-jâhriger Mayerel hât derzählt wegen die grõsse städt wâs er hât gesehen auf'n weg; wie die bahnen hâben gefeifft, wie die schiffen hâben getraubet un wie der yam hât gesturemt. Die sechs-jâhrige, zarte Reyzeleh hât mehr vun alts derzählt vun der héim, vun stäedtel un vun der mishpokhah.

"Oy, tateh," hât sie aus-gerufen zunauf-légendig béide händtellach, "hâstu gedarft sehen wie der zeydeh hât gewéint b'shahos mir seinen aweg-gefâhren! Die mumeh Pesheh hât gekhalesht...der vetter Yitzkhak-Ayzik hât geschriehen. Alle seinen nâch-gegangen nâch'n wâgen bis über die brückn... alle hâben gewéint...ich hâb auch gewéint...ich hâb nischt gewollt aweg-fâhren ohn' dem zeyden. Der zeydeh hât mir âber zugesâgt as er wet bald kummen zufâhren...A jâ, tateh, er wet kummen?..."

"Jâ, mein kind, er wet kummen," hâb ich sie baruhigkt, âb-wischendig a trähr vun aug, "alle, alle well'n kummen..."

Auf morgen in der früeh, hât mein frau, mit zelauchtene augen, genummen batrachten ihr neue héim, mit der neuer balebatischkeit, un ich hâb sich gestellt aus-packen dem schweren baggazh, wâs men hât uns nur-wâs âbgebracht vun der bahn-stantsieh.

Vun die vonander-geöffente sachen un kh’pheytzim hât a veyeh getân auf mir mit waremer héim, mit stäedtel un mishpokhah. Die grõsse un die kléine perennehs un kischelach hâben ‘eraus-gerufen bei mir süesse zikhroynos vun meine kinder-jâhren. Sée hâben mich dermont on mein mamen, olah-hasholom, wie sie is amâl, in die lange, winterdige nächt gesessen bei der waremer lyezhankeh, mit a resheteh feder'n in schõss un bei'm schein vun a kléininken napht-lämpel geflickt federel zu federel...kischelach far ihre kinder. Un b'shahos maysseh, uns derzählt ihre schöene, hartzige maysseh-lach.

Ot hât sich ‘eraus-gewickelt vun die kischens der bäuchiger samovar, der meschener steussel, die kuperne bunke, die shabasdige leichter... yerushah-antiken, wâs men hât sée schõn nischt vun éin sereypheh un nischt vun éin milkhomah ‘eraus-geratevet, un jetzt seinen sée m'gulgal geworen aher, auf der neuer, freier erd...

Un ot hâb ich auf-geöffent a tchemodan full mit sephorim: makhzorim mit alte, vergell'te blätter, durch-gewéickt mit'n taten's yom-kippurdige trähren; khumashim mit alle mepharshim; svarbes (esrim ve-arbeh) mit'n RD”K; a gang mishnayosn mit’n “Tipheret Yisorel”; a pâar gemoros un andere s’phorimlach, wâs der tateh, mit seine gerâtene händt, hât sée alléin ein-gebunden un alléin ein-gepackt. Dâs hât er es mir zugeschickt a matonah, a téil vun sein grõssn sephorim-schrank, far mir, sein suhn, dem yoyresh, un ephshar auch far seine éiniklach...

Ich hâb auf gich genummen blättern die sephorim, dem taten's siphrey-koydesh, wâs er hât sée jâhren-lang vun die händt nischt ‘eraus-gelâsen. Ich hâb gesucht, genischtert eppis in sée, wie ich wollt gewollt gefinnen in sée eppis a zéichen, a spur vun taten. Un mischendig asõ die blätter hâb ich zwischen sée gefunnen bahalten dem taten's a silberne hâar vun sein bârd...ich hâb ot dem dâsigen hâar-fâdem ângerührt mit die spitzen vun meine finger. Die hâar hât sich a zappel getân. A skrukh is mir ‘erüber über'n leib...es hât sich mir geducht, as dem taten's silberne hâar kuckt zu mir, wie mit a dün spältel vun an aug un redt, un mohnt eppis bei mir. Ich bin geblieben sitzen bei'm offenem seypher, wie a verstarter...

SUMMARY OF CHAPTER ONE HUNDRED THIRTY-THREE

On the day when his family is due to arrive, his school gives him the day off.

Falk goes through his small rented house, making sure everything is just right.

The dishes and cutlery are all neatly put away, and the cupboard is full of

groceries. Looking around, he feels a swell of pride as he remembers how he

came here only a year ago with nothing, and now...

Late afternoon...a freezing wind is howling outside as Falk waits nervously at

the train station. Each minute seems to stretch into hours; and to make things

worse, the train is late on account of the blizzard. Finally he hears the dull clatter

of steel wheels on iron rails...the train is here! But where is his family? He

rushes up and down the wind-swept platform, calling there names. Suddenly, he

hears someone call out: “Falik, here we are!” He rushes to meet them. “Tateh, I

missed you so much!” cries his daughter Reyzeleh. “Follow me, everybody!

We’re going home!”

When they opened the door to their new home, they felt a welcome blast of

heat from the warm oven. The children immediately began to explore every

corner, marveling at everything they saw. Freydah-Rokhel sat down on the bed

and began to laugh; and then, suddenly she was sobbing: “Oh God, let this be the

last of our wanderings...”

Next the children came to tell them all the things that had happened to them

on the trip. Mayer talked about the cities he had seen, the boats in the harbors,

and the storms on the ocean. Reyzeleh remembered most of all how her

grandfather had cried when they left. “He promised he would follow us, tateh. Is

he really coming?”

“Yes, my child, he will come...they will all come soon...”

The next morning, Falk unwrapped the holy books that his father had carefully

packed up, and sent to him all the way from Poland. He went through each book

one by one, as though he might find a trace, a sign of his father. And then, he

noticed a silver-white hair from his father’s beard. He held it up between his

fingers and stared at it. A shiver ran through his body as he saw the hair tremble

in his hand...

After bringing his family to Canada in 1927, author Falk

Zolf continued to teach at the I.L. Peretz School in Winnipeg

until his untimely death in 1962 at the age of 64. His work is

presented here for the first time in a form accessible to the

English-speaking reader. For more information, visit our

website at www.onforeignsoil.com

GLOSSARY

âbhängig opHENGik dependent

abi ABI as long as

abissel aBISl a little

acker AKer plow

âdern ODern veins

ad ha-yom to this day

agoleh aGOLe wagon

agoneh aGONe abandoned wife

aher aHER hence, to here

ahin aHIN thence, to there ähnlich ENlikh similar,

resembling

ahnung ANung glimpse

akhileh aKHILe ating

akhrayos akhRAYes responsibility

akhsanieh akhSANye inn

achten AKHten to observe akhzoryos akhZORyes

cruelty

akorsht AKersht just, recently

aksel AKsel shoulder

akshoynos akSHOYnes

stubbornness aleph-beys alef-beyz alphabet

alevay aleVAY if only

aliyah ALiye immigration to Israel; call to the Torah

alle ALe all; everybody

allerlei ALerley all kinds of alléin aLEYN oneself

allgeméin algeMEYN

common, general almonah alMONe widow

als as, when

alt old alts everything

amâl aMOL once; formerly;

sometimes

am ha-aretz aMORets

gnoramus

amt office, position; ba'amte official

ân ON at; to; on

ander ANder other anders ANdersh differently

ângehõben ongehHOYbn pp.

of ânheben ângepickevet ongePIKevet

packed with

ângenehm ongeNEM comfortable

ângespitzte ongeSHPITSte

perked up angst fear

ânheben ONheybn to begin

ânstâtt ONshtot instead of antauscht anTOYSHT

disappointed

äntfern ENTfern to answer antplecken antPLEKn to be

revealed

aphilu aFILe even apikoyros apiKOYRes

freethinker

äppel EPel apple

apteyker apTEYker

pharmacist

arbel ARbl sleeve arbeten ARbetn to work

ârem ORem poor; oremkeit

poverty ârem ORem arm

arendar aRENder property manager

ärger ERger worse

as AZ that asa aZA such a

aselche aZELkhe such

ashiros aSHIRes wealth

asõ aZOY so

asokim aSOKim pl. of eysek

asur OSer forbidden âtem OTem breath

auch OYKH also

auf-regung oyfREYgung agitation, upset

auf AF on

aug OYG eye aus OYS out; off

ausenwenig oysenVEYnik by

heart, inside out avadeh aVADe of course

aveydeh aVEYde loss,

misfortune aveylim aVEYlim mourners

aveyrah aVEYre sin

avos OVes fathers; ancestors

aweg aVEK away

âwent OVnt evening

azind aTSIND now ba'al-guf bal-GUF kulak;

corpulent fellow

ba'amte baAMte official back BAK cheek

bâd BOD bath, bath-house

badeutung baDAYTung meaning

bafehlen baFEYLn to order,

to command bafõhlen baFOYLn pp. of

bafehlen

bagegnen baGEGnen to meet with

bagehren baGERn to desire

bagléiten baGLEYtn to accompany

baheften baHEFtn to re-unite

bahn BAN rail line bakannt baKANT known,

familiar

balâden baLADn laden balaguleh baleGOLe wagon

driver

balangen baLANgn to belong

to

bald BALD soon, right away

balebatim baleBATim pl. of balebus

balebos baleBOS boss,

householder baléidigken baLEYdikn to

insult beinand baNAND together

bank BANK bench

banummen baNUMen breathless, out of control

barg BARG mountain

bar-menan BAR-menan

corpse

barât baROT care, custody

bârd BORD beard barscht BARSHT brush

barühmt baRIMT famous,

well-known basar BOSer meat

baschäffenis baSHEFenish

creature bashert baSHERT ordained

bastehtigken baSHTETikn to

certify batieteln baTITeln to title, to

nickname

bauch BOYKH stomach bauen BOYen to build

baum BOYM tree

baumel BOYml oil

bawegung baVEGung

movement; umbaweglech

immobile bebbekhes BEBekhes

baggage, bric-a-brac

becher BEKHer cup beged BEGed article of

clothing

beheymah beHEYme cow; animal

beholeh beHOLe turmoil

bei BAY by; with beide both

béin bone

beispiel BAYshpil example beissen BAYsn to bite

beiten BAYtn to modify;

verbeiten to exchange, to replace

beitsch BAYTSH whip

bekasheh beKAshe request bel-emmer BELemer podium

in synagoge

ben-ir ben-IR fellow townsman

benken BENkn to long for

bentschen BENshn to bless

berieh'schkeit BERyeshkayt

adeptness

be-rosh beROSH at the head, in front

besser beser better

besonder beZONder special besoreh beSORe news,

tidings beten BETn to ask for

bett BET bed

bettler BETler beggar beulen BAYln to clench

b'eys in the time when

Beys Hamikdash Temple in

Jerusalem

beys midrash house of study

beys-almen cemetery bezhenetz refugee

bien bin bee

biks BIKS rifle bilbul BILbl slander

bild BILD picture

bildung BILdung education billig BILik cheap,

inexpensive

bin see sein bintel BINtl bundle

biphrat beFRAT in particular

bissel BISl little bit bitokhen biTOKHn

confidence

bizoyen biZOYen disgrace

b'kivun beKIVn ntentionally

b'klal beklal in general

b'kol ram bkol RAM out loud blatt blat leaf, page

blâsen BLOzn to blow

blau BLOY (alt BLOV) blue blei BLAY lead; blei-feder

lead pencil

bleiben BLAYbn to stay bleich BLAYKH pale

blech BLEKH tin

blick BLIK glance blishtchen BLISHtshen to

shine, to gleam

blitz BLITS lightning blondzhen BLONdzhn to

stumble

blotte BLOte mud blõs BLOYZ only

blühen BLIen to bloom

blum flower blut blood

bobeh BObe grandmother

bõdem boydem attic boden BOdn ground, floor

böes evil, mean

bõgen BOYgn to bend; sikh

bõgen to bow

bokhur BOKher unmarried

young man borgen BORgn to borrow;

verborgen hidden

borukh ha-bah BOrukh HObe welcome

borvuss BORves barefoot botchan boTSHAN stork

botei midrashim pl. of beys

midrash bourik BUrik beet

brâten BROTn to roast

breckel BREKl crumb

breckeln BREKeln to be

unwilling breg shore

brechen BREKHn to break;

verbrechenis crime; brechen di händt to wring the hands

bréit BREYT wide, broad

brengen BRENgn to bring; verbrengen to enjoy, to spend

time umbrengen to kill;

brennen BRENen to burn; verbrennt sun-tanned; fervent,

dedicated

breyreh BREYre choice, option

briev BRIV letter, postcard

brillen BRILN spectacles

brokho BROKHE blessing

bronfen BRONfn liquor

b’roygez BROYGZ angry brõt BROYT bread

brück BRIK bridge

brust breast b'shahos maysseh beSHAS

MAYse at that time

b'shum oyfan beSHUM OYfn under no circumstances

b'suleh bSUle maiden, virgin

bucken BUKn to bow buch BUKH book

bulbehs BULBes potatoes

bunteven BUNteven to rebel bürger BIRger citizen

busheh BUshe shame

busem BUzem bosom chor KHOR choir

dâ DO here

dach DAKH roof dachten DAKHtn to seem

daled amos DAled Ames four

strides dalos DAles poverty

dam blood

dämâlst DEMolst at that

time

dämâlt DEMolt at that time

damkeh DAMke checkers danken DANkn to thank

darfen DARfn to need to

darr DAR thin darshenen DARshenen to

preach dâsige DOzike this, that

dauern DOYern gedauern to

last, to endure; badauern to regret; zu'm badauern

regretably

davenen DAVnen to pray

davkeh DAVke purposely,

pointedly dayin DAYin rabbinical judge

decken DEKn to cover;

badeckt covered; entdecken to discover

dein DAYN your

demyon demYON fantasy, imagination

derbarimkeit derBARimkayt

mercy derekh-eretz derekh-ERets

respect

derfahrung derFARung experience

derfar derFAR on that

account

derinnerung derINerung

memory

derlangen derLANGen to extend, to pass

dermonen derMONen to

remind derspüren derSHPIRn to

detect, to feel; spur trace

derüber derIBer therefore derzählen derTSEYln to tell,

to relate

Deutsch DAYTCH German; Deutschhmerisch overly

Germanized Yiddish

dienen DINen to serve; verdienen to earn

-dig dik adjective suffix

dikduk DIGdek grammar din law

dingen DINGen to rent; to

bargain; badingungen conditions

dir (to) you

direh DIre rented lodgings dokhkos DOKHkes poverty,

privation

dokutshen doKUTshen to

afflict

dor generation

dorem DORem south dorf Christian town

dorn thorn

dort there doyfek DOYfek pulse

doyres sein DOYres zayn to tear someone to pieces

drang drive, force

drausen DROYsn outdoors drei DRAY three

drehen DREYn to turn; to

spin

dremmeln DREMeln to nap

dreschen DRESHn to thresh

drosheh DROSHe sermon drücken DRIKn to press, to

print; aus-drück expression;

eindrück impression; unter-drücken to oppress; derdrückt

depressed

du you dulden DULdn to tolerate, to

endure; geduld patience

dunner DUNer thunder durch DURKH through

durchaus DURKHoys

throughout; thoroughly durst DURSHT thirst

dzhegekhetz DZHEGekhets

tar

ebig EYbik forever, eternal

edel EYdl noble, refined

echt EKHT genuine egbern EGbern to bore, to

drill

ehrlich ERlikh honest éidem EYdem son-in-law

éider EYder before, until;

either éier EYer eggs

éigen EYgn (one’s) own;

éigentummer owner eilen AYLen to hurry

einfluss AYNflus influence

eingemachts AYNgemakhts

jam, preserves

einladung AYNladung

invitation éinikel EYNikl grandchild

éinmâl EYNmol once

éinziger EYNtsiker only one eis AYZ ice

eisen AYZn iron

ekel EKl disgust elent ELent lonely

emmer EMer buckets

emiss EMes truth

emuneh faith

endigken ENDikn to finish

eng cramped ephshar EFsher perhaps

eppis EPes something,

somehow er he

‘erâb arOP down ‘erauf arOYF up

erd earth, soil

erev ERev eve ergetz ERgets somewhere

ernst earnest

erstens ERshtens first of all

‘erum aRUM around

es it

essen ESn to eat etleche ETlekhe several

euer AYer your

eul AYL oil eulbert AYLbert olive

eydos EYdes testimony

eygerkeh EYgerke cucumber, pickle

eymeh EYme terror, awe

eysek EYsek affair, business eytzeh EYtse advice, solution

eyver EYver limb

fabrik FABrik factory fâdem FODem thread

fähig FEYik capable

fâhren FORn to drive, to

travel by conveyance;

derfahrung experience

fallen FALn to fall; bafallen to befall; zufall accident

fangen FANGen to capture;

ân-fangen to begin; gefangene prisoners

far for

farb color fartig FARtik ready, finished

fartuch FARtekh apron

farwâs farVOS why, how come

fass barrel

fatchaylkeh faTSHAYLke kerchief

faul FOYL lazy; foul

faust FOYST fist feiffen FAYfn to whistle

feicht FAYKHT damp

feindt FAYNT enemy feder FEDer feather

feffer FEFer pepper

fehlen FEYln to be lacking; bafehlen to command, to order

feld field

feldscher FELDsher medic

fels rock

fenster FENster window

ferd horse fest secure

fett fat

feuer FAYer fire feuern FAYern to celebrate

fiedel FIDl fiddle finkeln FINKeln to sparkle

flasch FLASH bottle

flattern FLATern to flutter fleck FLEK spot, fleck

fleggen FLEGn past habitual

tense auxiliary

fléisch FLEYSH meat

fleitzen FLAYtsn to swarm,

to surge flicht FLIKHT duty

flicken FLIKn to pluck

flieg FLIG fly fliegel FLIGl wing

fliessen FLISn to flow

flink agile, sleek flot fleet, navy

fo'dern FODern to demand

folgen FOLgn to follow; derfolg success

frage FRAGe question

fracht FRAKHT freight frau FROY woman

freiheit FRAYhayt freedom

freggen FREGn to ask

fremd foreign, strange

fressen FRESn to eat like an

animal fréud FREYD joy

fréuen FREYn o rejoice

freundt FRAYNT friend fried FRID peace; zufrieden

satisfied

fröehlech FREYlekh joyful früeh FRI early

frühling FRIling springtime

frucht FRUKHT fruit frum religious, observant

fühlen FILn to feel

führen FIRn to lead; to conduct; aus-führen to carry

out (an action); verführen to

lead astray; führungen practices, habits

fuhrmann FURman wagon-

driver fuss FUS foot

futer FUTer fur

gadlos GADLes pride, vanity galakh GALekh priest

gâlen GOLn to shave

gandz GANTS goose

Gan-Eden Gan-EYdn garden

of Eden

gantz GANTS whole ganvenen GANvenene to

steal

gâpel-messer GOPl-meser cutlery

gâr GOR altogether, absolutely

gârnischt GORnisht nothing

gârten GORtn garden, plot gartel GARtl belt

gass GAS street

gast guest

gayveh GAYve pride

gazlan GAZlen robber

gebäcks geBEKS pastry geben GEBn to give; ich gib,

du gibst, er git; vergeben to

forgive gebieten geBITn pp. of

beiten

geblieben geBLIBn pp. of bleiben

gebõren geBOYrn born

gebracht geBRAKHT pp. of brengen

geburt geBURT birth

gedärim geDERem intestines gedank geDANK thought,

idea

gedauern geDOYern to last

gedenken geDENkn to

remember

geder GEDer border, limit gedicht geDIKHT thick

gedoleh geDOLe glory,

exultation gedoylim geDOYlim pl. of

godol

geduldig geDULdik patient gefangen geFANgn captured

gefährlech geFERlekh

dangerous; umgefähr safe; approximate

gefällen geFELn to be

pleasing to gefängenis geFENGenish

captivity

gefinnen geFINen to find geflochten geFLOKHtn

braided

gefühl geFIL feeling, emotion

gefunnen geFUNen pp. of

gefinnen gegangen geGANgen pp. of

gehen

gegent GEYgent region

gegessen geGESn pp. of

essen

gehen GEYN to go gehören geHERn to belong to

gehéim geHEYM secret

gehõben geHOYbn elevated geist GAYST spirit;

bageistert excited gekreuselt geKRAYzelt

curly

gekritzt geKRITST engraved gekroggen geKROGn pp. of

kriegen

gel yellow

gelegenheit geLEGenhayt

pportunity geleger geLEGer bed

gelächter geLEKHter laugher

geliebte geLIBte beloved gelieten geLITn pp. of

leiden

geloffen geLOFn pp. of loyfen

geloschen geLOSHn pp. of

löschen gelt money

gelungen geLUNGen to have

succeeded gemeinde geMAYNde

community

gemora geMORe the Talmud

gemütlech geMITlekh

pleasant, comfortable

genâd geNOD favor genau geNOY exact

geniessen geNISn to enjoy

geniet geNIT skilled, capable genug geNUG enough

genummen geNUMen pp. of

nehmen geprägelt gePREgelt fried

gerangel geRANGl struggle

gerätenis geRETenish harvest

gerecht geREKHT right,

correct; um-gericht un-expectedly

gerissen geRISn pp. of

reissen gern gladly

gerushim geyRUSHim

deportees gesägenen geZEGenene to

part with

gesellschaft geZELshaft society

geschäft geSHEFT business

geschank geSHANK gift

geschehen geSHEYN to

happen, to occur

geschickt geSHIKT skillful; umgeschickt clumsy

geschichte geSHIKHte

history geschläg geSHLEG fight

geschlecht geSHLEKHT sex, gender

geschmack geSHMAK tasty

geschnitten geSHNITn pp. of schneiden

geschwiggen geSHVIGn pp.

of schweigen

geschrieben geSHRIBn pp.

of schreiben geschriehen geSHRIen pp. of

schreien

gesessen geZEsn pp. of sitzen gesetz geZETS law

gespiggen geSHPIgn pp. of

speien gestalt geSHTALT form,

shape

gestannen geSHTANen pp. of stehen

gesündel geZINdl gang

gesundt geZUNT healthy get divorce

getân geTON pp. of tuen

getrau geTROY faithful,

loyal; vertrauen to entrust

ge'ulah geULe salvation

gewald geVALT force; expression of despair

gewe'en geVEYN pp. of sein

gewesener geVEYzener former

gewichsen geVIKsn plants,

agriculture gewiesen geVIZn pp. of

weisen; ân-gewiesen

dependent on gewiss geVIS certain

gewissen geVISn conscience

gewitter geVITer weather gewõhnt geVOYNT

accustomed to

gewöhntlech geVEYNTlkeh ordinary; auser-gewöhntlech

extraordinary

geworen geVORn pp. of wer'n

gewusst geVUST pp. of

wissen geyrush GEYrush expulsion

gezeug geTSAYG tool,

implement

gezelt geTSELT tent

gezeyreh geZEYre decree

gezõgen geTSOYgn pp. of ziehen

gibor GIBer hero

gich GIKH quick giessen GISn to pour (liquid);

vergiessen to spill; bagossene drenched

gilgul GILgel transformation,

re-incarnation git see geben

glantzen GLANtsen to shine

glâs GLOZ glass

glatt GLAT smooth

glätten GLETn to smooth

gleich GLAYKH straight; equal

glied GLID limb; mitglieder

member glock GLOK clock

glück GLIK happiness;

umglick misfortune glühen GLIen to glow

godol GODl big shot

goen GOen brilliant theologian

golle GOLe nothing but

golus GOLes exile gonif GONef thief

Gospodin gospoDIN sir, Mr.

Gott GOT God; Gotts-

forchtig God-fearing

Goy Gentile

goylem GOYlem golem, statue

goyral GOYrel fate

goysseh-dig GOYsedik in the throes of death

grâb GROB thick, fat

grâben GRObn to dig; bagrâben to bury

gram verse, rhyme

grausam GROYzam cruel grâs GROZ grass

greichen GRAYkhn to reach

greis GRAYZ grizzled gréiten GREYtn to prepare

for

grenetz GRENets border, limit

greuel GROYL cruelty,

horror gring easy

grõss GROYS big

grün GRIN green gründen GRINdn to found,

to establish

gruss GRUS greeting

g’siesseh gSIse death throes

gubernieh guBERnye

province, state gumme GUme rubber

günstig GINstik opportune,

auspicious guph GUF body

gut good guvar sein GUVer zayn to

prevail

gvir wealthy Jew g'vul domain, jurisdiction

gymnasia gimNAzye secular

high school

hâben HOBn to have

hacken HAKn to chop;

verhacken to slam; hack axe hagam haGAM although

hâgel HOGl hail

hagodeh haGOde Passover service book

hâhn HON cock

halakha haLOKHe religious law

haldz throat

halevay haleVAY if only haloveshkeh haloVESHke

charcoal, cinder

halten HALtn to hold; aus-halten to resist; bahalten to

hide; hidden; halten in éin to

keep on (verb phrase indicating

habitual or continuing action)

hamtzoyeh hamTSOe

scheme, invention handel HANdl commerce

handlen HANdlen to do

business, to deal in; sich handlen to be concerned with;

vorhandlungen negotiations

handt HANT hand hanoyeh haNOe enjoyment

haponim (h)aPONem

apparently harb hard, difficult

harbst autumn

hargenen HARgenen to kill harmider HARmider

commotion, chaos

harmonishkeh harMONishke accordion

hartz HARTS heart

hâs HOZ hare hashgokheh hashGOkhe

supervision

Haskallah hasKOle 19th-century Jewish

"Enlightenment" movement

hasmodeh hasMOde

diligence

hassen HASn to hate

hatzlokhah hatsLOKHe success

haul HOYL bare, naked

haupt HOYPT head, chief haut HOYT skin

haus HOYZ house havayos haVAYes motions,

gestures

havdalos havDOLes twisted candles used for end-of-

Sabbath ceremony

havtokhos hafTOKHes

assurances

hayot HAYes whereas

heben HEYbn to lift; ân-heben to begin

héilen HEYln to heal

héilig HEYlik holy; holy man

héim HEYM home

héiss HEYS hjt héissen HEYsn to name, to

order

héiserig HEYZerik hoarse held hero

helfen HELfn to help;

umbaholfen helpless hell clear; hell

hemd shirt

hemshakh HEMshekh sequel,

continuation

herschen HERshn to rule; to

prevail

hetzoyos-haderekh

heTSOYes haDERekh fare

heypekh HEYpekh opposite heu-jâhr HAY-YOR this year

heunt HAYNT Today

hilf help hilkhes HILkhes the laws of

hilchig HILkhik resounding

hiltzern HILtsern wooden hilukh HILekh outfit

himmel HIMl heaven

hinkerdig HINKerdik lame hinter HINter behind

hislayvos hisLAYves fervor

hõch HOYKH high höcher HEKHer higher

hodeven HODeven to raise

hõf HOYF courtyard, estate hoffen HOFn to hope

höfflech HEFlekh polite

holevay holeVAY if only holtz HOLTS wood

honig HONik honey

horepashnik horePASHnik

working man

hören HERn to hear; auf-

hören to cease; gehören to belong to; varhör audience,

hearing

horeven HOReven to toil hoyreg HOYreg one who was

murdered hubbel HUBl plane

hübsch HIPSH fair, ample

huhn HIN chicken huliehen HULien to play, to

frolick

husten HUSTn to cough

hüten HITn to guard

hüttel HITl hat

ich IKH I ihm IM him

ihr IR her; you (pl.)

ikar IKer essence; der ikar essentially

indrausen inDROYsn

outdoors inéinem inEYNem together

inhalt INhalt content, subject

matter inyon INyen affair, matter

ir-miklat IR-mikLAT city of

refuge itlechen ITlekhn each one

izdyekeven izDYEKeven to

torment

jâ YO yes; in fact

jâgen YOGn to chase

jâhr YOR year; gut-jâhr response to a greeting of "gut-

morgen"

jâhrzeit YORtsayt annual memorial

jâmmern YOMern to wail

jeder YEDer each, every jener YENer that one, the

other (one)

jetzt YETST (alt: ITST) now jugendt YUgent youth

jung YUNG young

jüngel YINGl boy, youth just YUST well-to-do,

kaas KAS anger

kabolos-ponim kaBAles-PONem greeting

kabtzan KABtsen pauper

kadokhes kaDOKHes influenza

käes KEYZ cheese

kalah KAle bride kalb calf

kalch KALKH lime

kalemutne kaleMUTne

depressing

kalikeh KAlike cripple

kalt cold kalt-blutig kalt-BLUtik calm

kampf struggle

kämpfen KEMfn to struggle kamtzan KAMtsen miser

kapellieh kaPELye orchestra kaporis kaPORis sacrifice

kapoyer kaPOYer on end;

upside-down kappen KAPn to drip

karg miserly

kark neck

karobkeh karOBke tax on

Kosher meat karsch KARSH cherry

kartoffel karTOFl potato

kasheh KAshe question kashtan KASHtn chestnut

kasten KAStn box

katchkeh KATSHke duck katzav KATSev butcher

kavonah kaVONe intention,

purpose käuen KAYen to chew

kaufen KOYfn to buy;

verkaufen to sell kaum KOYM barely

kaumen KOYmen chimney

k'dey kDEY in order to

kegen KEYgn against

kehilah keHILe community

kehren KERn to turn; über-kehren to overturn; verkehrt

the opposite

kéin KEYN not any; kéin a'horah no evil eye

kéiner KEYner nobody

kéinmâl KEYNmol never kéit KEYT chain

keller KELer cellar

kén KEN towards (a destination)

kennen KENen to know (a

person); sich bakennen mit to make someone's acquaintance;

kenntig apparent

kerl fellow keroyvim keROYvim pl. of

korev

kesheneh KESHene pocket kest board and lodgings

keuchen KAYkhen to gasp,

to convulse keulechdig KAYlekhdik

round; keulechdig yosum

orphan on both sides

kevurim keVURim pl. of

keyver

keyver KEYver grave khalef KHALef slaughterer's

knife

khalshen KHALshen to faint khalutz khaLUTS pioneer

khalyastreh khalYAStre unruly gang

khappen KHAPn to grab

kharoteh khaROTe regret kharpeh KHARpe disgrace

khasid KHOsid follower of

18th-century Jewish revival

movement

khasmenen KHASmenene to

sign khassaneh KHAsene wedding

khatoyim khaTOYim pl. of

khet khaver KHAVer comrade

khayal KHAYal soldier

khayeh KHAYe beast khayelleh KHAYele little

creature

khayunah khaYONe livelihood

khazen KHAzn cantor

khazer KHAzer pig khazern KHAZern to repeat

kheder KHEYder religious

school for small children

khesed KHESed kindness

kheshed KHESHed trace,

suspicion khet KHEYT sin

kheylek KHEYlek portion

kheylev KHEYlev tallow kheyn grace

kheyshek KHEYshek desire,

enthusiasm khezhbon KHESHbn

calculation, reckoning

kh'pheytzim khFEYtsim articles

khidushen KHIdushn to

marvel khisroynos khisROYnes

defects, faults

khitter KHITer crafty khlippen KHLIPn to sob

khmarne KHMARne gloomy

khodesh KHOdesh month khokhmah KHOKHme

wisdom

kholel KHOLel cavity kholem KHOlem dream

kholileh khoLIle God forbid

khometz KHOmets bread

products not permitted on

Passover

khopteh KHOPte gang khorev KHORev ruined

khoshekh KHOSHekh

darkness khosheve KHOSHeve

important khossan KHOSn bridegroom

khotch although; but

khoyleh KHOYle sick person khoyv debt

khoyzek KHOYzek ridicule

khozokoh khaZOke claim,

tenure

khulas KHUles sickness

khuppeh KHUpe wedding canopy

khurban KHURbn

destruction khushim KHUSHim senses

khutz KHUTS outside

khutzpah KHUTSpe impudence

khvallyes KHVALyes waves

kidush KHIDesh wonder, marvel

kinder KINder children

kinah KIne envy kirzhner KIRzhner hatmaker

kischen KISHn pillow

kishuph KISHeph magic,

sorcery

kitzvah KITSve charity

kiyam KIYem existence, presence

klâgen KLOGn to complain

kläm KLEM plight, predicament; verklämt

overwrought

klang rumor klappen KLAPn to knock, to

beat

klâr KLOR clear klären KLERn to think

about; derklären to explain; to

declare kleiben KLAYbn to gather;

to intend to; aus-kleiben to

choose; ‘erein-kleiben to move in; über-kleiben to change

residence; to move

kléider KLEYder clothing kléin KLEYN small

kléinvarg KLEYNvarg small

fry kleppen KLEPn to glue;

kleppig sticky

kley implements; kley-zayin

weaponry

klezmer KLEZmer musician

klingen KLINGen to ring, to resound

klollos KLOLes curses

klotz KLOTS log klötzer KLETSer pl. of klotz

kloymersht KLOYmersht supposedly

klug clever

klumikeh KLUMike suitcase klyamkeh KLYAMke rope

kimat kiMAT almost

kneutsch KNOYTSH

wrinkle

knecht KNEKHT slave

knellen KNELn to tutor knie KNI knee

knippen KNIPn to pinch

knop KNOP button knöpel KNEPl Russian

official; dim. of knop

knoy KNOY zealot kochen KOKHn to boil

kodesh KODesh holy

kõhl KOYL bullet; sphere kõhlen KOYLn to kill

kõhlen KOYLn coal

kohol KOHel community kol KOL voice

koldre KOLdre blanket

kolerléi KOLerley every kind

of

können KENen to be able to

konvert konVERT envelope kop head

kopitehs KOPites hooves

korban KORbn sacrifice koreck KORek cork

kormenen KORmenene to

feed an animal körper KERper body

kortch KORTSH cramp

Kosack koZAK cossack koshmar KOSHmar

nightmare

kovall koVAL blacksmith; kovaldeh forge

koyakh KOYekh strength

koydem-kol KOYdem-kol first of all

koyneh KOYne customer

krâm KROM shop krämer KREMer shopkeeper

krank sick; kranken-

schwester nurse krau KROY crow

krechtzen KREKHtsn go

groan

krepost krePOST fortress

kretchmeh KRETSHme

tavern kreutz KROYTS cross

krichen KRIKHn to crawl

krieg KRIG war kriegel KRIGl pitcher

kriegen KRIGn to get Krist Christian

krõhn KROYN crown

kruckehs KRUKes hooks krum crooked

krupnik KRUPnik kind of

soup

k'seder kSEYder

continuously k'sav yad manuscript

küch KIKH kitchen

küchelleh KIKHele cookie kucken KUKn to look

kudlevat kudleVAT shaggy

kummen KUMen to come; bakummen to get; vor-kummen

to take place; um-kummen to

be brought down, killed; aus-kummenish living expenses

kunst art

künstler KINSTler artist kuper KUPer copper

kurev KURev relative

kurtz KURTS short

kusch KUSH kiss

laben LABn loaf

lachen LAKHn to laugh lâden LODn shutters

antlaufen to run away

lager LAGer camp; balagert beleaguered

lakhlutin lakhLUTn

absolutely lamdan LAMdn scholar

lâ’mir LOmir (=lâs mir) let’s

lang long; langsam slowly lâsen LOZn to permit;

verlâsen neglected, abandoned

lauern LOYern to lurk laufen LOYfen to run; leib

LAYB body

laut LOYT according to leben LEYbn life; to live

leben LEYbn beside

leckech LEKekh honey cake leder LEDer leather

ledig LEYdik empty

legen LEYgn to lay; vorlegen to propose

lehakhis leHAKHes in order

to irritate

lehavdel leHAVdl a word

which separates the holy from

the secular lehren LERen to teach

leicht LAYKHT easy

leichter LAYKHTer candlesticks

léid LEYD suffering, burden; baléidigken to insult

leiden LAYdn to bear, to

suffer leilecher LAYlekher sheets

leim LAYM clay

leiwent LAYvent linen

lekhatkhille leKHATkhile at

first lechtzen LEKHTsen to yearn

for

lekoved leKOVed in honor of; mekhabed sein to honor

lämpl LEMPl lamp

lernen LERnen to study löschen LESHn to extinguish

letz LEYTs joker

letzt LETST last leut LAUT people

levayeh leVAYe funeral

levoneh leVONe moon leytzes LEYtses reins

licht LIKHT light

liebe LIBe love

liebschaft LIBshaft love

lied LID song

liegen LIGn to lie down Lilith LILes she-demon

links left

Liteh LIte Lithuania lo-aleynu LO-aLEYnu may it

not happen to us"

lõben LOYBn to praise; derlauben to permit

loch LOKH hole

lock’chen LOKshn noodles löesen LEYZn to solve; aus-

löeen to save, to redeem; auf-

löeen to dissolve löesung LEYzung solution

löffel LEFl spoon

lõhnen LOYnen to be worth loppeh LOPe paw, hand

loshen LOSHn tongue,

language; loshen-koydesh Hebrew or Aramaic

losung LOZung slogan

luft air lügen LIGn lie, falsehood

lyarm howl

mabul MABl flood

machen MAKHn to make;

vermachen to shut; âb-mach

treaty macht MAKHT authority,

might

mächtig MEKHtik mighty madreygeh maDREYge

level, grade mäedellach MEYDelakh little

or unmarried girls

mâgen MOGn stomach mâger MOGer meager

mâhlzeit MOLtsayt meal

mâl MOL time

magid MAGid preacher

mahler MALer artist, painter

makh'neh MAKHne camp, assemblage

makholim maKHOLim pl. of

maykhel makhshirim makhSHIRim

implements

makhshovos makhSHOves thoughts

malakh MALekh angel

malbush MALbush clothing, outfit; halbosheh outfit

mamesh MAMesh virtually,

literally mantsbill MANTSbil male

mapoleh maPOLe defeat

mark market

mashgiakh mashGIakh

manager, director

mashkeh MASHke liquor maskil MASkil adherent of

the Haskallah

maskim sein MASkim zayn to agree

maskoneh masKOne

conclusion masterskayeh masterSKAYe

workshop

matan b'seyser anonymous charity

matonah maTONe gift

matriakh sein maTRIakh zayn to go to the effort, take

the trouble

matrosen maTROZn sailors mattern MATern to

overwork

mauer MOYer building maul MOYL mouth

maydim MAYdem expert

maykhel MAYkhel delicacy, food

maylos MAYles virtues

mayrev MAYrev the West;

evening prayers

maysseh MAYse story

mayssim MAYsim deeds, actions

mazel MAZl good luck

m'bulbeldig mbULbeldik confused

medinah meDIne state, nation

mediyeh sein meDIye zayn

to inform megilah meGILe scroll, esp.

Megillas Esther

mehrlach MERlakh

bandages

mehumeh meHUme riot

mehus meHUS essence meiden MAYdn to shun; aus-

meiden to avoid

mein MAYN my méinen MEYnen to think, to

opine

méinung MEYNung opinion mekaneh meKAne envy

mekhabed sein meKHABed

zayn to honor; lekoved in honor of

mekhaber meKHAber author

mekhayeh meKHAye joy, uplifting pleasure

mekhloykos meKHLOYkes

argument, dispute

mekhoyev sein meKHOYev

zayn to be obligated

mekhuten meKHUtn in-law esp. father of son/daughter-in-

law

mekoyekh meKOYekh about, concerning

mekoymos mekOYmes

regions, places melamed meLAMed teacher

of small children

melden MELDn to report to; meldung announcement

melokhah meLOKHe trade,

occupation; government; baal-melokhah tradesman

memsholah memSHOLe

government men one, someone

menoyreh meNOYre Jewish

candelabra mensch MENTSH person

menukhah meNUKHe rest

merken MERKn to notice; bamerken to notice

mertzeshem MIRtseshem

God willing

mesch MESH brass

meshakh MESHekh duration,

stretch of time meshorsim meSHORsim

servants, underlings

meshoyrer meSHOYrer choir-singer; poet

meshune meSHUne bizarre mesirah meSIRe information,

accusation; mosar informer;

maser'n to inform messer MESer knife

messten MESTn to measure;

vermessten to compete

mevoyish sein meVOYish

zayn to embarrass meylekh MEYlekh king

meys dead person

mezumen meZUmen cash m'gulgal mGULgal

transformation of soul

m'gushemdig mGUSHemdik crude, uncouth

midbar MIDbar desert

miyus ugly milch milk

milkhomah war

min kind, sort; gender minhag custom

minkha afternoon prayers

minyan prayer quorum

mir we; (to) me

mishegass misheGAS

madness mischen MISHn to mix; to

flip through (a book); zemischt

confused mishpat MISHpet judgement

mishpokhah mishPOKHe

family mismeyakh sein misMEYakh

zayn to rejoice

mispolel sein misPOLel zayn to pray

mist garbage

mistoma misTOMe probably misvadeh sein misVADe

zayn to confess

mit with mitamâl mitaMOL all at

once

mittâg MITeg soon; lunch Mitzrayim mitsRAYim

Egypt

mitzveh MITsve commandment, good deed

mizbeyakh mizBEYekh altar

mizrakh MIZrekh east

m'kayim sein meKAYim

zayn to actualize, to put into

practice möbel MEBl furniture

modne MODne strange,

peculiar mögen MEGn be permitted

to; möglech possible mohnen MONenn to demand

möhr MER carrot

morde MORde jaw morgen MORgn morning;

tomorrow

moyekh MOYekh mind,

brain

moykhal sein MOYkhel zayn

to forgive moyreh-hoyroeh MOyre

hoyROe rabbinical judge

moyseren MOYsern to castigate, scold

moyser-nephesh sein to risk

one's life moyshal MOYshel ruler

mozollyeh moZOLye blister,

callus m'tushtesh mTUSHtesh

confused

müed tired mühen make an effort

mulyar mulYAR bricklayer

mumeh MUme aunt

mundier munDIR jacket

munter MUNter cheerful,

encouraging murashkes muRASHkes ants

musar MUSer reproach,

moraliation; religious movement stressing moral

conduct

musen MUZn to be obliged to (must)

mut MUT courage; um-mut

gloom; dermuticken to encourage

mutschen MUTSHn to

endeavor, to exert oneself muzinkeh muZINKe

youngest of a family

m'yushevdig mYUSHevdik settled, established

naar NAR fool; naarischkeit

foolishness nâch NOKH after

nacht NAKHT night;

varnakht evening nächten NEKHtn yesterday

nächtigken NEKHtikn to

spend the night

nacket NAKet naked

nâdel NODl needle

nagel NAGl fingernail nâhent NOent near

nahaykeh naHAYke whip;

billy-club nahrung NArung

nourishment nakhis NAKHes kind of

spiritual pleasure, esp. parental

nalogen naLOGn taxes nâmen NOMen name

naphkeh-mineh NAFke-

MINe difference

naschen NASHen to snack

nass NAS wet

natchalstvo naTSHALSTve Russian official

na-venadnik na-veNADnikk

wanderer nebbekh NEBekh alas

nedoveh neDOVe donation

negishos neGISHes indignities, humiliations

nehmen NEMen to take; to

begin; vernehmen to occupy; ân-nehmen to accept;

banehmen to grasp, to

understand; banummen possessed; unter-nehmung

undertaking

nekhomah neKHOme

consolation

nekomah neKOme revenge

nelm wer'n NELm vern to vanish

nephesh NEFesh soul

neppel NEPl fog neshomah neSHOme soul

nesiyeh neSIye journey

netz NETS net neu NAY new

neugen NAYGn to incline

neugerig NAYgerik curious, inquiring

neveyleh neVEYle atrocity

neys miracle nibul-peh NIBl-pe foul

language

nieder NIDer lower; derniederigkung degradation

nigun NIGn melody

nikhshul wer'n NIKHshel vern to succumb to temptation

nischt NISHT not

nischtern NISHtern to rummage

nishto nishTO not here; gone

nisoyon niSOYen temptation

nissim NISim pl of neys

nitzokhen nitsOKHn victory

nitzul wer'n NITSL vern to be saved

noch NOKH another, still

nochamâl NOKHamol one more time

noden NODn dowry nur NOR but; only; rather

nur-wâs NOR-VOS just,

recently nötig NEYtik necessary

nudne NUDne boring; nudnik

pest

nüss NIS nuts

nutzlech NUTSlikh useful

õb OYB if õben OYBn above

Õber’sten OYBershtn the

oder ODer or öffnen EFnen to open

oftmâl OFTmol often

õher OYer ear ohn' ON without

okoppeh oKOPe trench

ort place orvos ORVes guarantee

Östreich ESTraykh Austria

ot here, this; ot-ot presently Highest One

oyfan OYFen style, manner

oyfelleh OYFele chick; baby

oylam OYLem congregation;

oylam-hazeh this world;

oylam-haboh the world to come; beys-oylam cemetery

oyrakh OYRekh traveler,

visitor oys letter, printed character

oyshar OYSHer rich man

oysios OYSyes pl. of oys oytzer OYTser treasure

õwen OYVn oven

oyver sein OYVver zayn transgress, violate

pâar POR pair

pakhed PAKHed fear pameylekh paMEYlekh

slowly

papiros papiROS cigarette parkan parKAN fence

parnosseh parNOSe

livelihood parre PARe steam

parshõn parSHOYN person

pasheh-feld PASHe-feld pasture

passen PASn to be suitable;

zu-passen to adapt

pastuch PAStekh shepherd

patsch PATSH blow, beating

pauer POYer peasant pauk POYK drum,

tambourine

pegimah peGIMe defect peh ekhod PE ekhOD

unanimously pein PAYN pain

peltz PELTS fur, skin

perenneh PERene quilt petirah peTIRe death,

passing

peyos PEYes forelocks

pikuakh nefesh piKUakh

NEfesh life-saving actions pilpul PILpel Talmudic

argument

pinkas PINkes communal records

pitzel PITSel little, wee

plappeln PLAPeln to chatter platz PLATS place

pleytzes PLEYTses shoulders

plontern PLONtern to confuse; to scramble about

plutzimdig PLUTsimdik

sudden plutzling PLUTsling

suddenly

podlogeh podLOGe floor

polleh POLe coat-tails

ponim PONem face

pönimer PEYnimer pl. of ponim

popravkeh poPRAVke leave,

furlough poretz PORets wealthy

landowner

poshut POSHet ordinary posmakeven posMAKeven

to relish, to enjoy

possilkeh poSILke parcel posuk POSek verse; weekly

reading from the Torah

potur POTer finished, done with

Põlen POYln Poland

pratzeven PRATSeven to labor, to toil

praven PRAVn to conduct, to

celebrate Pravoslavne pravoSLAVne

Russian Orthodox

prägeln PREGeln to fry prächtig PREKHtik

magnificent

pritshmelyeter pritshMEL-

yeter one who is stunned

priziv PRIZiv military

service prost common

protzess proTSES trial,

litigation prubieren pruBIRn to try, to

attempt p'shoreh pSHORe

compromise

pulver PULver powder; gunpowder

punkt just, exactly

pupik PUPik belly button

pushkeh PUSHke box, tin

can putter PUTer butter

putzen PUTSn to polish; aus-

putzen to decorate quall KVAL well, source

queck-silber KVEK-zilber

ercury quellen KVELn to take pride

in

quenkeln KVENkeln to waver

quitschen KVITshn to

squeak raash commotion

râd ROD wheel

räeder REDER pl. of râd

rakhmonos rakhMONes pity

rakhvos RAKHves spacious

ramen RAMen to clean; aus-ramen to clean out

ranetz RANets backpack

râten ROTn to advise; gerâten successful

rateven RATeven to save, to

rescue rauch ROYKH smoke

rauschig ROYSHik noisy

rayon raYON region rebbe REbe hasidic rabbi

rechnen REKHnen to

calculate; âb-rechnen to get even

recht REKHT right

red REYD speech; aus-red excuse, pretext

redaktor reDAKtor editor

reden REDn to speak refuah reFUe cure

regen REYgn rain

regierung reGIRung government

reich RAYKH rich

réinigken REYNikn to clean

reissen RAYSn to pull;

zereissen to tear; verreissen di

nâs to turn up one's nose; über-reissen to interrupt

reitzen RAYTSn to tease, to

irritate; ze-reitzt provoked, agitated

reise RAYZe journey remez REMez hint

resheteh REshete basket

resht remainder reshut reSHUT permission

rettich RETekh radish

reyakh REYakh scent

richter RIKHter judge

richtung RIKHtung direction

rinder RINDer cattle rinnen RINen to run, to drip

rip rib

rizig RIZik gigantic royeh ROYe qualified

royen ROYen to forage

roygez ROYgez rage royshum ROYShem

impression

rõt ROYT red ruakh RUekh spirit, wind

ruck RUK back

rufen RUFn to call; asõ-gerufene so-called

ruh RU peace, rest

ruhen RUen to rest

rühren RIRn to move

sach ZAKH thing, article

sack ZAK sack säen ZEYn to sow (crops)

saftig ZAFtik juicy

sâgen ZOGn to speak; zu-sâgen to promise

sägel ZEGl (little) saw

sakh SAKH number, significant quantity

sall ZAL hall

saltz ZALTS salt sammeln ZAMeln to collect;

versammlung meeting

sam poison samet SAMet velvet

samme SAMe very, exact

sar lord sara SAra what a

sat ZAT sated, satisfied

sätigken ZETikn to satisfy sauber ZOYBER clean

sauer ZOYR sour

saugen ZOYgn to suck schach SHAKH chess

schâd SHOD shame, pity

schâden SHOdn to harm

schâf SHOF sheep

schaffen SHAFn to create

schämen SHEYmen to shame schand SHAND shame

schär SHER scissors

schärblach SHERBlkeh shards, broken pieces

schâtten SHOTn shadow schatzen SHATsn to estimate

âbschatzen to esteem, value

schaub SHOYB window pane schauber SHOYBer shock of

hair

schaum SHOYM foam

schéiden SHEYDn to part

from; antschéiden to decide; verschéiden various

schenken SHENkn to give a

gift schenker SHENker broker

scheps SHEPS sheep

schiessen SHISn to shoot; derschiessen to shoot to death

schiff SHIF ship

schilten SHILtn to curse; verscholten accursed

schippen SHIPn to hiss

schier nischt SHIR nisht all but

schicken SHIKn to send

schitter SHITer thin

schlacht SHLAKHT battle

schlâfen SHLOFn to sleep

schlâgen SHLOGn to beat; derschlâgen depressed

schlang SHLANG snake

schlank SHLANK slim schlecht SHLEKHT bad

schlep SHLEP to drag

schliessen SHLISn to lock; verschlossen locked up;

baschliessen to resolve; ant-

schlossen determined schlieten SHLITn sled

schlingen SHLINGn to

devour; to shed copiously schloss SHLOS lock

schleudern SHLAYdern to

hurl schlüssel SHLISl key

schmâl SHMOL narrow

schmaltz SHMALTS fat schmecken SHMEKn to taste

schméichel SHMEYkhl smile

schmeissen SHMAYSn to whip, to lash

schmid SHMID blacksmith

schmierechtz SHMIRekhts

grease

schmitz SHMITS lash

schmutzig SHMUTSik dirty schneiden SHNAYDn to cut

schneider SHNAYder tailor

schnell SHNEL fast schnierel SHIRel string, lace

schnips SHNITPS tie schnuck SHNUK snout

schnur SHNUR lace

schnur SHNUR daughter-in-law

schockeln SHOKeln to sway

in prayer

schöen SHEYN beautiful

schõn SHOYN already

schöpen SHEPn to take in; to ladle out; aus-geschöpt

drained, exhausted

schõss SHOYS lap schrauf SHROYF screw

schreck SHREK terror; ze-

schrocken frightened schreiben SHRAYBn to

write; âb-schreiben to

confiscate; unter-schreiben to sign

schreien SHRAYen to shout,

to scream schtepper SHTEPer

bootmaker

schtub SHTUB house

schtübeleh SHTIBele dim. of

schtub

schtübel SHTIBl Hasidic prayer-house

schühech SHIekh shoes

schul SHIL synagogue; schul

SHUL school

schuldig SHULDik guilty;

baschuldigken to accuse; umschuldig innocent;

antschuldicg excuse me

schüssel SHISl bowl schütten SHITn to pour

(solid or powder)

schützen SHITSn to protect schwach SHVAKH weak;

verschwächen to weaken,

diminish; desecrate schwartz SHVARTZ black

schweigen SHVAYGn to be

silent schwéiss SHVEYS sweat,

perspiration

schwell SHVEL threshold schwer SHVER heavy,

difficult

schwerd sword

schwimmen SHVIMen to

swim

schwitzen SHVITSen to sweat

schwogger SHVOGer

brother-in-law schwom SHVOM mushroom

schwören SHVERn to swear, to vow

sée ZEY hey; them

séel ZEYL soul segulah sGUle remedy

sehen ZEYn to see; aus-

sehen to appear; appearance; auf-seher supervisor

sehr ZEYR very

sei ZAY be (imperative) sei...sei SAY whether...or

séier ZEYR their

séif ZEYF soap séiger ZEYGer clock

sein ZAYN to be; ich bin, du

bist, er is, mir seinen, ihr seit (sint) , sée seinen pp. gewe’en

sein ZAYN his

seit ZAYT side sekhoyreh skhOYre

merchandise

sekonah seKOne danger selber SELber same

selig ZEYlik blissful

selten ZELTn seldom

semikha sMIKHe certificate

Sepharad sfARD Spain

sereypheh srEYfe conflagration, fire

serp scythe

setzen ZETSn to set, to place; basetzen to occupy; über-

setzen to translate; vorsetzen

to advance, to procede with; vorsetzung installment

se'udah SUde feast

sevivah sVIve surroundings seyder SEYder order,

program

seykhel SEYkhl wisdom seypher SEYfer book;

mokher-sephorim bookdealer

shabas SHAbes Sabbath shaliakh shaLIekh messenger

shalveh SHALve peace,

tranquility shammes SHAMes caretaker

in synagogue

shaykhus SHAYkhes connection, relation

she'ar yerakot vegetables

shekhiteh shKHIte slaughter

shekhten SHEKHtn to

slaughter

shem name, reputation sheptchen SHEPtshen to

whisper

shevuah shVUE oath, anthem sheyd devil, demon

sheygitz SHEYgets Gentile sheyvet SHEYvet tribe

shidukh SHIDekh match,

betrothal shikur SHIKer drunk

shirayim shiRAYim leftovers

shiva SHIVe mourning for

the dead

shiyur SHIer limit; portion

sh’kheynim shKEYnim pl. of shokhen

shkotz SHKOTS joker

shlikhos SHLIKHes assignment

shlitah SHLITe influence,

jurisdiction shmatteh SHMATe rag

sh'mirah SHMIRe

protection, observation shmuess SHMUes to chat, to

converse; conversation

shpilkeh SHPILke needle shoeh SHO hour

shokhen SHOKHen neighbor

sholom SHOlem peace, rest

sholom-aleykhem SHOLem

aLEYkhem welcome

shoykhet SHOYkhet ritual slaughterer

shtab headquarters

shtadlan SHTADlen representative

shureh SHUre row, line

shutoph SHUTef partner; shutphos partnership

sibah SIBe reason,

explanation sich ZIKH reflexive pronoun

sicher ZIKHer sure;

versichern to assure sidur SIDer prayer book

sie ZI she; her

sieben ZIBn seven siedeln ZIDeln to curse, to

berate

siegen ZIGn to win; basiegt defeated

silber ZILber silver

singen ZINGen to sing sinnen ZINen sense

sitzen ZITSn to sit; vorsitzer

chairman

sikhsukh SIKHsukh quarrel,

dispute

siman SIMen sign, indication simkheh SIMkhe happiness;

celebration

sinah SINe hatred, enmity s'khar limud tuition fee

s'khiros SKHIRes wages sklaven SHKLAFn slaves

skrippen SKRIPn to squeak

skrukh shudder sod secret

sokhrim SOKHrim pl. of

soykher sollen ZOLn should

soph SOF end; soph-kol-soph

ultimately sophek SOFek doubt

sorgen ZORGn to worry;

basorgen to provide with soydos-dig SOYDesdik

mysterious

soykher SOYKHer merchant soyneh SOYne enemy

spâgel-neu SHPOGl-nay

brand new spalten SHPALTn to split

spannendig SHPANendik

tense, exciting sparen SHPARen to save, to

spare

sparen SHPARn to push, to

shove

spass SHPAS fun, jest

spät SHPEYT late spatzier shpaTSIR stroll

speien SHPAYen to spit

speis SHPAYZ provisions s'pheykos sFEYkes doubts

spiegel SHPIGl mirror

spielen SHPILn to play spies SHPIZ spear, bayonet

spion shpiON spy

spital shpiTAL hospital spitzel SHPITSel joke

spott SHPOT ridicule

sprach SHPRAKH language spréiten SHPREYTn to

spread; ze-spréiten to scatter

springen SHPRINGn to jump spur SHPUR trace

stâdt SHTOT city

stäedtel SHTETl Jewish village; dim. of stât

stâhl SHTOL steel

stammeln SHTAMeln to stammer

stam various

stammen SHTAMen to come

from; bashtimmt definite,

specified

ständig SHTENdik always, constant

starben SHTARBn to die

stark SHTARK strong startzen SHTARTSn to jut

out, to protrude staub SHTOYB dust

stechen SHTEKHn to poke;

stechig drâht barbed wire stecken stick, rod

stecken SHTEKn to stick;

eraus-shtecken to stick out; ânshtecken to infect

stehen SHTEYn to stand;

verstehen to understand; bastehen to consist of

steig SHTAYG cage, pen

stelle SHTELe job, position stellen SHTELn to place;

vorstellen to present; sikh

vorstellen to imagine; verstellen to impede; sikh

verstellen to disguise oneself;

bastellen to order; auf-stellen to put up; âb-stellen to stop; to

cancel; ângestellter employee

steren SHTEREN star; forehead

steuer SHTAYer tax

stéuger SHTEYGer way,

fashion

s'teutsch STAYTSH how can

it be? sticken SHTIKn to choke;

dersticken choke to death

stiewel SHTIVel boot stiffen SHTIFn to jest

stiff-mameh SHTIF-mame

step-mother still SHTIL still, quiet

stimme SHTIMe voice;

stimmung mood stoltz SHTOLTS proud

stolyar stolYAR carpenter

stören SHTERn to disturb; zestören to destroy; verstört

ruined

stõssen SHTOYSn to bump into, to prod; to guess

strâfen SHTROFn to punish

strahlen SHTRALn rays, beams

strashen STRASHen to

threaten strau SHTROY straw

sträuchlen SHTROYKHlen

to tempt, to lead astray

streng SHTRENG strict;

ânstrengen to strain

strom SHTROM stream stroy gauntlet

stumm SHTUM mute

stütz SHTITS financial support

suchen ZUKHn to seek, to look for; versuchen to sample;

basuchen to visit

südig ZIDik boiling; seething süess ZIS sweet

süftzen ZIFTSn to sigh

sünd ZIND sin

summer ZUMer summer

sump ZUMP swamp

sun ZUN sun suhn ZUN son

Suntig ZUNtik Sunday

s'voreh SVORe guess, speculation

taam TAM taste

tâg TOG day takhlis TAKHles plan, future,

purpose

takkeh TAKe in fact (interjection)

talis TALes prayer shawl

talmid TALMed student talmud-toyrah TALmed-

TOYre free school for poor

children

talyon talYON executioner

tantz TANTS dance

tateh TATe father tau TOY dew

taub TOYB deaf; dove

taugen TOYGn to be suitable tauschen TOYSHn to

exchange; antauscht

disappointed tausendt TOYzent thousand

tayneg TAYneg joy, pleasure

taynen TAYnen to argue, to plead

tayveh TAYve lust, passion

tchatteh TSHATe flock tchaynik TSHAYnik tea kettle

tchemodan tshemoDAN valise

tcheppen TSHEPn to disturb Tcherkäss tsherKES

Circassian

tchouhou TSHUhu cast iron tchväckes TSHVEKes pl. of

tchvok

tchvock TSHVOK nail tehillim tHILem psalms

tehum tHUM abyss

teich TAYKH river

téil TEYL portion; âbtéilung

department

téilen TEYLn to share; austéilen to distribue; zetéilen

to divide; batéiligken to take

part in teitlen TAYTlen to point

teller TELer plates, dishes temp blunt

tenuos tNUes gestures

tephilah tFILe prayer tephilin tFILn phylacteries

tephisah tFISe prison

teretz TEYrets explanation,

excuse

teuer TAYer dear

teuster TAYSTer purse teutsch TAYTSH translation,

interpretation

Teuvel TAYfel Devil teveh TEve nature, habit

tevilah tVILe ritual bath

tevuah tVUe grain, produce tief TIF deep

tikun TIKn relief, fulfillment;

repair tisch TISH table

titun tiTUN smoking tobacco

T’khum Ha-Moyshev tKHUM haMOYshev Pale of

Settlement

tliyah tLIe gallows

tochter TOKHter daughter

tõdt TOYT dead

töp TEP pots topol TOPl poplar

tõr TOYer gate

toren TORn to be permitted to toyos TOes mistake

toyrah TOYre Torah

toyshuv TOYSHev resident toyveh TOYVe favor,

kindness

T'phutzot Yisroel tFUTses yisROYl the Diaspora

trachten TRAKHTn to think,

to ponder trägen TREGn to bear, to

carry

trähr TRER tear traub TROYB pipe

trauerig TROYERIK sad

traumen TROYMen to dream treffen TREFn to encounter;

to guess

treiben TRAYBn to drive, to herd

tréisslen TREYSeln to shake;

sich tréisslen to tremble

treten TRETn to step;

übertreten to step over;

vertreten to represent; âbtreten to retreat

treyph non-Kosher; treyph-

posul forbidden reading material

trinken TRINKn to drink tröesten TREYSTn to

console; tröest solace

trohn TRON cod liver oil trucken TRUKn dry

tsi if, whether

tuen TUen to do

tuliehen TUlien to huddle, to

embrace tummel TUMl commotion

tunkel TUNKl dark

tuppen TUPn stamp (the feet) tür TIR door

tyokhken TYOKHken to

throb tzaar TSAR grief

tzad TSAD side, faction

tzadodim tseDODim pl. of tzad

tzadik TSADik righteous;

holy man tzatzkeh TSATSke toy

tzedokah tseDOke charity

tzeidah le-derekh TSEYde

leDERekh traveling provisions,

food

tzeylem TSEYLem image; cross; tzelyem elokim image of

God

tzibur TSIBer group tzitzis TSItsis fringes worn

according to religious

commandment tzophen TSOFn north

tzorer-Yisroel TSORer

yisROYl anti-Semite tzuros TSUres troubles

über IBer over

über-raschung iberRASHung astonishment

übung IBung exercise

umetum UmeTUM everywhere

umischne uMISHne on

purpose, deliberately um-mutig UMetik gloomy

umsüst umZIST free; in vain

uns us unser UNSer our

unterschéid UNtersheyd

difference, distinction

unter-tanen subjects

urak uRAK lesson

urteil URtayl verdict var FAR before

varhan farAN here; there is

here varhör farHER audience,

hearing vâter FOTer father

verboten farBOTn forbidden

verbunden farBUNden bound verdammt farDAMT damned

verdross farDROS

resentment

verein farAYN union;

vereinigktt united verfassen farFASn to

compose

verfrõhren farFROYren frozen

vergenügen fargeNIGn

pleasure, satisfaction vergessen farGESn to forget

vergienen farGInen to

indulge vergliewert farGLIVert

frozen, stiff; congealed

ver-ipusht farIPesht smelly verlang farLANG wish,

desire

verléugkenen farLEYkenen

to renounce, to forsake

verlieren farLIren to lose

verloschen farLOSHn extinguished

verlõren farLOYren pp. of

verlieren verlâsen farLOZn to

abandon

vermacht farMAKHT shut

vermashkanen

farMASHkenen to pawn, to

place in hock vermattert farMATert

exhausted

vermogen farMOGen to own, to possess; vermögen

possessions

varnacht FARnakht afternoon

verpantzert farPANtsert

armoured ver-rätten farRETn to betray

ver-riegelt farRIGelt bolted

shut ver-richten farRIKHtn to

repair

verschéiden farSHEYdn

various

verschämen farSHEYmen to

bring shame on

verschwunden

farSHVUNDen to disappear

versiegeln farZIGeln to seal versprechen farSHPREKHn

to promise verstart farSHTART

paralyzed

verstehen farSHTEYN to understand

verstickt farSHTIKT

muffled, stifled

versoppet farZOPet out of

breath vertéidigken farTEYdikn to

defend

vertl FERtl fourth, quarter verwaltung farVALtung

administration

verwandeln farVANDlen to transform

verwâglenis farVOGlenish

wandering verwâhrlos’ten farVORloztn

abandoned, neglected

verwoundet farVUNdet wounded

versammlung farZAMlung

meeting

verzhmuret farZHMURet

bleary

vetter FETer uncle viel FIL much

vier FIR four

vikukh viKUKH dispute, debate

v'kedoymeh vkeDOYme and

so forth võgel FOYgl bird

vöegellach FEYgelakh pl. of

vöegel volk FOLK people, nation;

bavölkerung population

vontzes VONTSes mustaches vorschritt FORshrit progress

vun FUN of

vundestwegen fundestVEGn nevertheless

vyetchereh VYETSHere

supper waffen VAFn arms,

weaponry; bawâffent armed

wâgen VOGn wagon wahl VAL election

wachsen VAKSn to grow;

derwachsen grown

wählen VEYLn to elect; oys-

vehlen to choose

wald VALD forest walgern VALgern to roll

about

wannen VANen whence wandt VANT wall

warem VARem warm wârenung VORenung

warning

warfen VARFn to throw; verwârfen, zewârfen cast-

away

Warscha VARshe Warsaw

warstadt VARshtat work

station warten VARTn to wait;

derwarten to expect, to

anticipate wârum VORem why;

because

wâs VOS what waschen VASHn to wash

wasser VASer water

wâsser VOSer which kind of watte VATe cotton

weg VEG road; way

wegen VEGn about, concerning

weh VEY woe

wehren VERn to defend

oneself; gewehr weaponry

weib VAYB wife; baweibter

married man wéicken VEYKn to soak

wéich VEYKH soft

weidel VAYDl tail weil VAYL while; because;

derweil meanwhile

wein VAYN wine wéinen VEYNen to weep, to

cry

weisen VAYZn to show; sich baweisen to appear; baweis

proof

weiss VAYS white wéiss VEYS see wissen

wéitz VEYTS wheat

weit VAYT far, distant welcher VELKHer which

wellen VELn future tense

auxiliary welt VELT world

wemmen VEMen whom

wenden VENDn to report to, to address

wenig VEYnik (alt:VINTSik)

little, not much; auf

ausenwenig to the last detail

wer VER who

wer'n VERn to become wesen VEYZn being

wichtig VIKHtik important

wicklen VIKeln to wrap; antwicklen to develop

wie VI how; as, like wieder VIDer again

wiev'l VIFl how much; as

much as wiggel VIGl cradle

willen VILn to want

wimmeln VIMeln to swarm

winkel VINKl corner

wirklechkeit VIRKlekhkayt

reality wirtschaft VIRTshaft wealth;

economy

wischen VISHn to wipe wissen VISn to know;

derwissen to find out;

gewissen conscience wissenshcaft VISNshaft

science

witz VITS joke woch VOKH week; wochedig

week-a-day

wõhl VOYL nice, fine; wõhl-jüngerisch rakish

wõhnen VOYNen to reside

wolken VOLKn cloud

wollten VOLTn subjunctive

case auxiliary; would have

worem VORem worm, vermin

wort VORT word

wortzel VORTSl root wu VU where

wuhin VUhin whither

wunder VUNder wonder würde VIRde dignity

würdig VIRDik worthy

wurscht VURSHT sausage wüst VIST desolate

yakhsen YAKHsn person of

lineage; snob yam sea

yarid YARid fair, market

yedios yeDIes information yefeyfiyah yeFEYfie beauty

yefreitor yeFRAYter corporal

Yehudim yeHUdim Jews yekhid yeKHID individual

yellolos yeLOLes wailing

yerusheh yeRUSHe inheritance

yeshiva yeSHIve Rabbinical

school

yeshuah yeSHUe salvation

yesoymim pl. of yosum

yesurim yeSURim agonies Yevonisch yeVONish

Greek; Ionian

Yid Jew yikhus YIKHes lineage,

pedigree yiros ha-koved YIRes

haKOVed respect

yirgozen yirGOZn anger yishuvnik yiSHUVnik Jew

living in predominantly Gentile

town

yomim-naroyim yeMIM

neROYim high Holidays yontif YONtif Jewish holiday

yosum YOSem orphan

yoysher YOYsher justice, righteousness

respectable

zâhl TSOL number, count zahlen TSOLn to pay;

bazâhlen to pay

zählen TSEYLn to count; derzählen to tell, to recount

zähn TSEYN teeth

zang ZANG sheaf zappeln TSAPELn to throb,

to quiver

zart TSART tender, delicate

zauber TSOYBER magic

zaum TSOYM fence

zaverukheh zaveRUKHe blizzard

zehndliger TSENDliker tens

of zéichen TSAYkhn mark, sign

zeit TSAYT time; zeitung

newspaper ze-kalyetcht tseKALyetsht

crippled

ze-khroshtchet

tseKHROSHtshet wrinkled

zekhiyah sKHIe honor,

recognition ze-löchert tseLEKHert hole-

ridden

ze-rudert tseRUDert upset zettel TSETl list

ze-trâgen tseTROGn to

scatter; absent-minded zeydeh ZEYde grandfather

zhabeh ZHABe frog

zhaleven ZHALeven to conserve, to spare oneself

zhaver ZHAVer rust

z’khus sKHUS sake,

distinction; in s’khus by virtue

of; z’khus ovos merits of ones

ancestors zikhroynos zikhROYnes

memoirs; zeykher

remembrance zikoren ziKORn memory

zibbeleh TSIBELe onion zieg TSIG goat

ziegel TSIGl brick

ziehen TSIen to pull; aus-ziehen to stretch out; ânziehen

to attract; baziehung

demeanor; relationship; derziehung education

ziel TSIL goal, ideal

zier TSIR ornament; zierung jewellery

ziereven TSIReven to mend,

to darn Zigeuner tsiGAYner Gypsy

zichtig TSIKHtik sightly

zimmer TSIMer room zinden TSINDn to ignite;

ânzinden to ignite

zischen TSISHn to sizzle zittern TSITern to tremble

znakher ZNAKher (alt:

znaKHOR) quack doctor Zohar ZOYer Zohar

(radiance)

zoken ZOKn elder, old man

zöp TSEP braids

zorn TSORN wrath

zucker TSUKer sugar zufall TSUfal accident,

coincidence

zufrieden tsuFRIDn satisfied zug TSUG train

zukunft TSUkunft future

zulieb tsuLIB on account of zung TSUNG tongue

zunauf tsuNOYF together

zuruck tsuRIK back, ago zutrau tsuTROY trust

zusammen tsuZAMen

together zvod ZVOD regiment

zwanzig TSVANtsik twenty

zweig TSVAYG branch zwéifel TSVEYFl doubts;

ver-zwéifelt desperate

zwéitens TSVEYtns secondly zwingen TSVINGn to force;

tsvang-arbet forced labor

zwischen TSVISHn between, among