Microwave Observations of the Atmosphere at Kiruna, Sweden G. Kopp 1, G. Hochschild 1, and U. Raffalski 2 1 Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung,

Microwave Observations of the Atmosphere at Kiruna, Sweden

G. Kopp1, G. Hochschild1, and U. Raffalski2

1Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Universität Karlsruhe

2Institutet för rymdfysik, IRF, Kiruna

Gerhard Kopp, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern

Universität Karlsruhe (TH)IRF

Institutet för rymdfysikSwedish Institute of Space Physics

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

Outline

• the microwave instrument at IRF Kiruna

• ozone measurements

• tropospheric water vapour columns

• outlook





Kiruna

Geographical Location of Kiruna





KIMRA (195-224 GHz) The Periscope of KIMRA

trace Gases: O3, (also N2O, ClO, HNO3 covered by the instrument)begin of the measurements: spring 2002

The Kiruna Microwave Radiometer KIMRA at IRFKiruna (67.84°N, 20.41°E, 425 m), Sweden





Brig

htne

ss [K

]

Frequency [GHz]0 100 200 300 400 500

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

KIMRA

The Spectral Range 0-500 GHz as Seen From Ground





195 200 205 210 215 22040

50

60

70

80

Brig

htne

ss [K

]

Frequency [GHz]

H2O + O2 O3 N2O HNO3 ClO Other Gases

HNO3

HNO3

O3

O3

O3

O3

O3

O3N2O

The Spectral Range 195-224 GHz as Seen From Ground


H2O + O2




0102030405060708090

194.8 195.0 195.2 195.4 195.6 195.8 196.0 196.2-3-2-10123

Ozone Measurement of KIMRAB

right

ness

[K]

Frequency [GHz]

Measurement Fit

O3

O3





Vertical Resolution and Sensitivityof the Retrieved Profiles

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 50 100 150

Alti

tude

[km

]

Vertical resolution [km] Sensitivity [%]

10

20

30

40

50

60

5 10 15 20 25





Measurement Results of KIMRA at IRF Kiruna between 28 November 2002 and 30 March 2006

ozone

ozone

trop. transmission





Retrieval of Tropospheric H2O Column Densities from KIMRA Ozone Measurements


0

2

4

6

8

10

0 2000 4000 6000 8000

H2O vmr [ppmv]

altit

ude

[km

]

194.8 195.0 195.2 195.4 195.6 195.8 196.00

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

measurement

brig

htne

ss [K

]

frequency [GHz]





0

2

4

6

8

10

0 2000 4000 6000 8000

1.00 * H2O

H2O vmr [ppmv]

altit

ude

[km

]

194.8 195.0 195.2 195.4 195.6 195.8 196.00

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

measurement 1.00 * H2O

brig

htne

ss [K

]

frequency [GHz]






0

2

4

6

8

10

0 2000 4000 6000 8000

1.00 * H2O 1.25 * H2O

H2O vmr [ppmv]

altit

ude

[km

]

194.8 195.0 195.2 195.4 195.6 195.8 196.00

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

measurement 1.00 * H2O 1.25 * H2O

brig

htne

ss [K

]

frequency [GHz]






0

2

4

6

8

10

0 2000 4000 6000 8000

1.00 * H2O 1.25 * H2O 1.50 * H2O

H2O vmr [ppmv]

altit

ude

[km

]

194.8 195.0 195.2 195.4 195.6 195.8 196.00

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

measurement 1.00 * H2O 1.25 * H2O 1.50 * H2O

brig

htne

ss [K

]

frequency [GHz]





-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

0.00E+000

2.50E+026

5.00E+026

7.50E+026

1.00E+027

1.25E+027

1.50E+027

1.75E+027

day of the year 2004

H2O

-col

umn

[par

ticle

s / m

2 ]

Tropospheric H2O Column Densities as Measured by KIMRA between 28 November 2002 and 30 March 2006





0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 8000.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

KIMRA FTIR

H2O

-col

umn

[1023

par

ticle

s / m

2 ]

day of the year 2003

Comparison of KIMRA and FTIR H2O Column Densities as Measured at Kiruna

FTIR-data courtesy of Isabell Kramer et al.,IMK, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe





Outlook

• ozone measurements will be continued

• measurements of other trace gases covered by KIMRA

• enhance spectral resolution by a digital FFT analyzer

• new 22-GHz water vapour radiometer at IRF Kiruna?





Documents

Microwave Observations of the Atmosphere at Kiruna, Sweden G. Kopp 1, G. Hochschild 1, and U. Raffalski 2 1 Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung,