Net-journal of 'Zaan’ ÒççiççMç · Editorial - T.N.Dhar ‘Kundan’ 01 - Ajay Dhar 02 Wangath Temples - C.L.Gadoo 07 10 Subhash Kak - A Renaissance Figure -2 - Neeraj Santoshi

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PraagaashNet-journal of 'Zaan’

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~ Vol 3 : No. 5

November 2018~

Kashmir Image : singgepalace.com

For Private Circulation Only

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In this issue

Editorial - T.N.Dhar ‘Kundan’�

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Editorial - T.N.Dhar ‘Kundan’ 01

Adventures : My Polar Adventure - 2

- Ajay Dhar 02

Why? - Pushpa Koshal 05

06

Ancient Stone Temples of Kashmir

Wangath Temples

- C.L.Gadoo 07

10

10

Our Bright Stars

Subhash Kak - A Renaissance Figure -2

- Neeraj Santoshi Khar 11

14

My Medical Journey : Lesson for a Lifetime

- Dr. K.L.Chowdhury 15

Tales Retold : Zaan Ded - A Timeless Tale

- Urmila Dhar Zutshi 17

Mission Survival : Identity

- Prof R.N.Bhat 20

20

Life : Of Teenagers & Half Truths

- Chand Bhat 21

Our Cultural Heritage

Why Do We need To Learn Our Mothertongue

- M.K.Dhar 23

Grandma’s Stories - M.K.Raina 24

28

29

Languages

Place of Sanskrit in Indian Schools & Homes

- Dr. P.L.Ganju 30

33

Dishes & Recipes : Kashmiri Modur Pulao

- Urmila Dhar Zutshi 34

Comic Tales - Deepak Bhatt 35

38

Your Own Page 40

Photo Feature - Rear Photos 44

Letters to Editor 43

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Praagaash

We are encouraged by the

feedback we have got from ouresteemed readers after reading thefour issues issued so far. We havehad some good suggestions as well.We shall endeavour to implementthese suggestions so that the e-journal satisfies the tastes of all ourreaders. The field we want to cater tois very wide. We have enlightened elders, inquisitiveyoungsters, ladies and gentlemen with varied tastesand interests. Our effort shall always be to come up tothe expectations of maximum number of readers. Thecontents have to relate to our beloved homeland, toour culture and heritage and to our traditions. Wewant to throw light on all these aspects so that nothingis forgotten and the tradition is carried forward.

Our language is rich and sweet. Our literature is

profound and varied. Our customs are unique and

interesting. Our cuisine is well known. Our auspicious

days are distinctly earmarked, and our past is

glorious. But alas! We are scattered, disintegrated

and miniscule in number. These points make it

obligatory for us to take necessary steps, like this one,

of issuing an e-magazine, in order to try and preserve

our distinct character. We owe it to our next

generation to pass on information about our glorious

heritage to them so that they in turn enrich it and our

traditional values are preserved. After all culture is a

factor that evolves with the time and while preserving

the heritage gets enriched with the new elements.

The appellation used for our males and females is

Bhatta and Bhattaen, which mean honoured and

exalted ones. Let us all endeavour to justify these

epithets by serving our community with all means

available to us. ��

Project Zaan is the Literary Initiative of Kashmiri Pandits’ Association, Mumbai.

ÒççiççMç November 2018 ~ vçJçcyçj 2018 01

`]pççvç' kçÀçÇ vçíì-HççÆ$çkçÀç

Editor : M.K.Raina ~ Assistant Editor (Trainee) : Lokeshi Pandita ~ Guide & Consulting Editor : T.N.Dhar ‘Kundan’ ~ Editorial Office : 104-B, Galaxy, Agarwal Township, Babhola, Vasai Road (W) 401202,

Dist. Palghar, Maharashtra, India. E-Mail: [email protected] ~ Cell: +91-7507114890 ~ Website: www.kpamumbai.org ~ Webmaster: Rajesh Shah ~ Layout & DTP : Ashwin Raina

Zaan is supported by Kashmiri Pandits’ Association, Mumbai.

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`]pççvç' kçÀçÇ vçíì-HççÆ$çkçÀçÒççiççMç

Explorations & Adventures - Ajay Dhar

My Polar Adventure - 2

Jç<ç& 3 : DçbkçÀ 5 vçJçcyçj 2018~


The successful landing of the first expedition

was a major achievement for the country. Thenext question was whether more expeditionswill be launched in future and what are wegoing to gain from it? This used to be a majortopic of discussion in all scientific meets andgatherings. Towards the end of 1982, it wasrevealed that the second Indian Expedition toAntarctica is to be launched in December 1982and an Ice breaker ship has been chartered byIndia for this purpose. While the firstexpedition was a hush hush affair, thelaunching of second expedition was madepublic well in advance. It was also announcedthat this expedition will be led by ShriV.K.Raina, an eminent geologist fromGeological Survey of India (GSI), a proudmoment for our Kashmiri Pandits community(KP). This expedition had another KP memberin Shri M K Kaul, another eminent geologistfrom GSI. Shri Kaul went on to lead Fifthexpedition toAntarctica (1985-86).

In early 1983, I happened to be at HQ,Mumbai for a conference and had a meetingwith my Director. I asked him why my namewas not nominated for this expedition as I waspossibly the best candidate for suchexpeditions owing to my extra curricularactivities besides being an expert at handling

such equipment. He assuredme that my name will benominated in the nextexpedition and I should startpreparing for it.

After returning back tomy station at Gulmarg, Is t a r t e d c o l l e c t i n ginformation on Antarctica. Tomy surprise there were nobooks or information available onAntarctica inany of the libraries in Srinagar. I tried my luckat Kashmir University Library and the onlyinformation I could collect was from oneparagraph in an Encyclopedia. There were noother books available at the Library. With thislittle knowledge, I started talking to seniorscientists at Nuclear Research Laboratory,Srinagar to gather as much information aspossible. I also requested my colleague toforward me all the information he hadcollected on Antarctica. My Institute hadpurchased a few books recently and Irequested them to send me a copy. For somereason, my Institute did not participate in 3(1983-84) and 4 (1984-85) Antarcticexpeditions. The third expedition was led byDr. Harsh Gupta, an eminent Geophysicist ofthe country and Dr. A K Hanjura (KP)

happened to be am e m b e r o f t h i se x p e d i t i o n . T h i sexpedition for the firsttime included two ladyscientists in Dr. Aditi Pant(NIO) and Dr. SudiptaSengupta (JadavpurUniversity). The two sohappen to be the firstI n d i a n l a d i e s t oparticipate in the IndianExpeditions. The firstIndian Antarctic Station

rd

th

: The expedition vessel MV Thuleland in Antarctic

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called ‘Dakshin Gangotri’ was establishedduring this expedition and the first winteringteam occupied this station for a year roundstay.

During the middle of 1985, I wasinformed by my office that my name has beennominated for the expedition and I should startplanning for it. I was also advised to remainphysically and medically fit. My excitementknew no bounds and I revealed this news tomy family. My grandfather, father and mysisters were excited to hear it. However, mymother had her own reasons to ask me torefuse. I somehow managed to convince herthat it is safe to go and it will certainly benefitme in future. Who knew, I was going to make acareer in Antarctic sciences? By September1985, I received a letter to undergo medicalexamination at Army Medical Centre (AMC),New Delhi, to be followed bysnow-ice acclimatization trainingat HAWS, Gulmarg/Sonmarg,Kashmir, if declared medically fitat AMC. I immediately booked mytickets for Delhi and was waitingfor the day to travel. The dayfinally came and I along with 100other members reported atD e p a r t m e n t o f O c e a nDevelopment (DOD), LodhiRoad, New Delhi. We were askedto report to AMC, New Delhi next

morning. The AMCC o m m a n d a n twelcomed us andinformed us of them e d i c a l t e s t s t oundergo. The testscontinued for 3 daysand almost everyparameter of the bodywas checked. On thefourth morning, wewere called one by oneinto Commandant’sroom to be informeda b o u t o u r t e s t

reports/results. When my turn came and Ientered Commandant’s room, he greeted meby saying that I was the fittest person in thegroup. However, I have been put in temporarilyrejected list for having a small cavity in mytooth. I was a little taken back that a toothcavity can lead to rejection. He further addedthat tooth problems are considered to be mostserious in cold climate and I was given threedays to see a dentist, get the cavity filled andsubmit a dental report. I rushed to a nearbydental clinic for a dental check up and got thecavity filled. The cavity luckily was a very smallone and the Dentist had no objections to giveme a fitness certificate.

With this dental fitness certificate, Irushed back to AMC and handed over thedental certificate to Commandant. He

Dakshin Gangotri, the first Indian Antarctic Station.

The ice shelf

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congratulated me for my medical clearanceand wished me luck for the expedition. All themembers reported to DOD again and werehanded over the medical fitness certificates.To my surprise, more than 50% of themembers had failed the medical examinationand were asked to report back to theirInstitutions. The candidates declaredmedically fit were briefed by various seniorscientists of the country on the aspects ofresearch to be conducted at Antarctica andhow it can be made useful for our countrymen.There were lectures on survival in snowbound areas, medical emergencies andevacuation, protection against blizzards etc.Blizzards are snow storms with wind speed ofmore than 100 km/hr. The wind speeds onoccasions can go more than 250 km/hr withzero visibility making it almost impossible tolocate your shelter in case of working out incamps. The selected members were asked toreport to HAWS, Gulmarg for 2 weekssnow/ice acclimatization training. At Gulmarg,the HAWS instructors exposed us to videos onbasic mountaineering techniques, rockclimbing, rappelling, tying of rope knots, skiingetc. I was more or less apt at all thesetechniques and enjoyed the videos. After twodays of stay at Gulmarg, we left for Sonmargto participate in actual training. Most of themembers who were not used to such toughtraining found it very hard to cope with. It wasOctober and the night temperature atSonmarg used to drop sharply making itfurther difficult to sleep properly. Afterspending a week at Sonmarg attendingtraining on rock climbing and basicmountaineering, we were asked to get readyto shift to Machoi Glacier near Zozila pass forsnow/ice acclimatization training. Onreaching there, tents were pitched at the baseof Machoi glacier. The members were made toclimb the glacier everyday for training oncrevasse detection and crossing, climbing icewalls etc. For many a member, climbing on tothe glacier everyday was a hard task. Overall,

the training was very useful and most of us gotto see and stay at the glacier for the first time.Finally, it was time for our departure fromSonamarg to our respective working places,before our departure for Antarctica. The nextmonth was spent on getting the equipmentready and purchasing the necessary warmclothing, shoes, toiletries etc. I was alsolooking for a good camera and purchaseddozens of film rolls and slide rolls. Finally,around 20 November, the selected teammembers were asked to report at NIO, Goaalong with all our official and personal cargo.The fifth expedition (1985-86) was led by Shri.M.K.Kaul, an eminent geologist and arepeater from 2 expedition. The team alsohad another KP member Dr. R.L.Dhar fromNGRI, Hyderabad. I was eagerly lookingforward to sea voyage as it was going to be myfirst voyage. After further briefing at Goa, wewere asked to shift all our official cargo and putit safely in containers for loading on theexpedition vessel. The first look at the majesticexpedition vessel and it was impressive. Ahuge ice class Swedish modified cargo vessel‘THULELAND’, nearly 187 m long and 40 mbroad at the centre with makeshiftaccommodation for 100 members. Our teamconsisted of 88 members (including 2 ladymembers) drawn from various scientificorganizations and defense services (Army,Navy andAir force).All members were allottedshared accommodation and were asked toboard the vessel on 29 November 1985. Afterfurther briefing by the ship's crew on thefacilities available onboard and their usageand various do's and don'ts; we were given atour of the vessel. We were also carrying 4Helicopters with us to be used on arrival atAntarctica, two each from Air Force and Navy.Air Force was using big MI 8 Helicopters whichcould carry a load of 3 tons or 16 passengersand the Navy using smaller Chetakhelicopters with carrying capacity of 4passengers. The Helicopters are used inAntarctica to transport members and material

nd

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from Ship to Station or to other base camps.The loading of all the cargo was in progressand we were asked to provide a helping handwherever necessary. We had never boarded ahelicopter before and were looking forward toa ride on one of them.

The expedition vessel sailed fromMarmagao Port (Goa) on 30 November 1985at 1740 hr. Within a few hours, we were out ofsight of land and cruising along in openwaters. For the next few days, we could see afew islands from distance. After four days ofvoyage, we reached equator and all memberswere asked to assemble on the ship's deck forequator crossing ceremony. It is customary forall sea farers to pray, request permission fromLord Neptune, the ruler of the high seas andobtain his blessings for safe voyage. Theceremony was fun for all the members and allthe first timers crossing the equator weregiven a dip in makeshift swimming pool andsplashed with sea water. Equator crossingcertificates were awarded to all first timerscrossing the equator. In another four daystime, we reached Mauritius and all of us werelooking forward to visiting this island nation.However, the Leader informed us that theexpedition vessel will be halting outsideMauritius for a few hours to receive freshsupplies and we are not allowed to disembark.All the members were a little disappointed aswe were looking forward to this visit.

After receiving the fresh suppliesthrough Barge, we were on our way and verysoon Mauritius was off our field of view. Wewould have regular meetings on the ship andbriefing by Leader on various aspects. Otherthan meetings, we would keep ourselves busyplaying indoor games (table tennis, carrom,cards etc.) read books and watch movies.Special cold climate clothing and otherprotective gear were issued to members to beused in Antarctica. The voyage so far wassmooth and most of the members did notshow any signs of sea sickness; the mostdreaded sickness among mariners. We used

to get regular weather information throughfacsimile charts (satellite pictures of clouds)and the chart showed a severe cyclonic stormon our path ahead. If we had to cross thisstorm, the ship would have encountered veryrough seas, which would have beendangerous for the expedition members andcargo. A decision was taken by the Leader andthe Ship's Captain to divert from the pre-determined course and alter the same to avoidthe storm. The sea had become turbulent bynow and we could experience heavy rollingand pitching of the vessel.

(To be continued)

Contact author at: [email protected]

Why?Pushpa Koshal

Why is there darkness at noon?Why is Sun eclipsed by the Moon?Why is the sky turning hazy?And the ocean grey?Why are the birds sounding like birds of prey?Why are the nations hurting each other?Why don't they see the bloodwhich is of the same colour?Why is love hidden in the clouds?Why has hate become the password?Why has He bestowed everything but peace?Why is it, instead of peacethe world is fighting for pieces?Why does man wander

and in search of what? ��

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Kalhana notes in Rajatarangini, that the

town of Srinagri was built by Emperor Ashoka,in the third century BC. His son Jalauka, 220BC, built Shaivite temples, Bhutesvara andJyestharudra and in the Wangathvalley, around the holy spring of Naran Nag, atButhser.

Wangath (Vangat), is a village situatedabout forty-eight kilometers north-west of

Srinagar. Wangath is the ancient VashisthAhsram, named after Sage Vashistha. He, asper tradition, stayed here while consecratingthe called Jyestharudra at Naran Nag.In Nilmat Purana, Lord Shiva says to Nandi;"You shall live in my company in a place at adistance of one from here towardseast. O Nandi, the gifted sage Vashistha onthe earth shall erect your image and also mineat that place."

Harmukat Ganga Mahatmya says,"One may obtain prominence among theGanas by seeing Hara Bhutesvara,Jyestharudra and Nandi after taking a bath inthe holy Sodara Nag. The merits of taking abath in Sodara Nag and Uttarmansa,Gangabal are same. "In fact, Uttarmansa isbelieved to be the abode of Sodara Nag and

Muthas

Linga

Yojana

Shrines & Religious Places - C.L.Gadoo

Wangath Temples

the linga Jyethesa at Wangathis washed with water fromUttarmansa lake. One isbelieved to attain the merit ofperforming and

by taking a bathin Sodara Nag. There is aspring at Wangath, which isknown as Naran Nag. In ancient times, thisspring was known as Sodara Nag. AroundNaran Nag, a complex of temple-ruins isspread. These ruins are known as Wangathtemples. The Wangath temples were built inthree groups, around the same time asSankaracharya temple at Srinagar andBumazuv temple near Mattan on Srinagar-Pahalgam road, were built.

King Jayasimha, also consecrated aLinga of Shiva called Bhutesvara here. Hisprime minister, Srngara would make availableample provisions for celebrations on full moonday of . This festival of 'mentioned in Nilmat Purana, would becelebrated over ten days. Kalhana, describesabout Srngara's arrangements, "in recenttimes even kings could not have imitated."Sumans, a brother of the minister Rilhana inthe reign of Jayasimha built a Mutha atBhutesvara and offered to his the holywater of Kanakvahini (Kankni).

According to a legend, the site of'Uttaramanasa', which is believed to be thesource of Haramukuta-Ganga, Gangabal inKashmiri, which lies at the foot of the north-eastern glacier of the Haramukuta and alongthe of Nandiksetra at a short distancebelow the Gangabal lake, also called Uttara-Ganga, there exists another lake called NundKol. The inner portion of this lake with bluewater, Kala-Shiva, marks the place whereShiva sat in meditation and the outer portionhaving light green water represents the placeof Nandi. The son of a Brahman named

RajasuyaAsvamedha

Asadha Devas Vapana'

Pitirs,

tirthas

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Silada, is said to have performed penance topropitiate Shiva at this place. Shiva made thispermanent abode by the side of His faithfulattendant, Nadin, who is believed to havereceived the formula of the thousand names ofBhavani from Shiva, known as Bhavani-Nama-Sahasra-Stutih there.

Accord ing to Harmukat -GangaMahatmya, the particular region around thespring of Sodara Nag was also known asBhuteshvara or Shiva Bhutesha - the lord ofbeings. The entire area is clad with denseforests. Roaring stream of Kanaknai orKaranknadi flows to the south of Sodara

. It is formed of the tributaries, which flowout from the sacred Nund Kol and Gangaballakes. The Nilmat Purana,describes the spiritualmerits of taking a bath inSodara Nag. It says that abath in Sodara Nag has apurifying effect on soul andbody.

Bishop Crowie andMajor Cole have identifiedthe ruins of seventeentemple s t ruc tures ofv a r i o u s a g e s a n ddimentions at Buthser, near Wangath,distributed in two distinct groups; the first, onthe western side and second on the easternside. Each group was enclosed by a separatestone-wall, a short distance away from eachother. The temples in the eastern group wereknown as Rajadainbal. The main temple wasdedicated to Shiva-Buteshvara. The templecomplex on western side, known as Nagbal,had the main temple of Shiva-Jyestharudra.

The first group of six temples is situatedwithin an enclosure wall. The principal templeis a square of twenty-five feet and has twoentrances opposite each other in the north-east and south-west sides. It has domedceiling and core of the roof consists of rubble-stone masonry in lime. The interior measuresseventeen feet square. In the centre of the

Tirtha

floor is square space, which is unpaved. Itmarks the site of the pedestal of the image.The two sides, which are closed, aredecorated externally with square-toppedrecesses, each of which contains the pedestalof an image which was probably a replica ofthe one in the sanctum itself. Eternally the roofis pyramidal. This temple has been identifiedby Stein, as Shiva-Jyestharudra.

The small temple, to the left possessesniches on the three sides. The templeimmediately touching the porch of thepreceding shrine is a single square structure,plain both internally and externally. Behindthis is a basement of another small temple. Itssuper-structure has fallen down. Of the two

temples behind, one hasits entrance facing south-east and the other facesnorth-east.

The second group oftemples is situated abouttwo hundred yards fartheroff. It is enclosed in amassive rectangular stonewall pierced by a two-chambered gateway.Inside the wall are six

structures in ruins and partly buried under theground. The largest temple has a seventeenfeet square base internally, and is similar tothe largest temple in the first group. Thistemple has been identified by Stein, as Shiva-Bhuteshvara.

Between the two groups of temples arenumber of structures of third group. Animpressive rectangular cistern, almosteighteen feet long, hammered out of a hugeboulder, is nearby. Besides, there are remainsof a building of a special type, measuring onehundred twenty feet by seventy feet with aheight of ten feet. Along with the sides of thisstructure are over thirty monolithic bases orpiers at regular intervals of about twelve feet. Itis evident that this was a pillared pavilion.

The Wangath temples are dedicated to

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Shiva-Bhutesa and Shiva-Ugresa. Close tothe temple of Shiva Bhutesha are the remainsof the ruins of the temple dedicated toBhairava and Matrachakra, seven mothers.Matrachakra, or representsdivine energies, which maintain balance in theuniverse by combating the evil and upholdingthe good.

According to a legend, Shiva liberatedParvati, Jyestha, from here and onmarrying she took the name of Jyesthesa. Inthe Jyestharudra temple of Wangath, Shiva isworshipped as . Nilmat Purana mentions,that the consecration and the first worship ofthe Jyestharudra is distinctly attributed toRishi Vashistha. was worshipped hereunder the name of Svayambhuh i,e. naturalstone and not sculptured one. Cowie identifiedthe base of a giant at the south-westcorner of the enclosure.

There are three sitesin Kashmir, where ShivaJyesthesa was worshippedu n d e r t h i s n a m e o re q u i v a l e n t s o fJ y e s t h e s v a r a a n dJyestharudra. These areMount Harmukh, nearTr ipuresvara, modernTr iphar, i ,e . betweenMahadev and Suresvar and in the closeneighbourhood of Srinagar. The similar Lingasare worshipped at Sharika (Hari) Parvat andSuresvari.

Many Hindu kings of Kashmir, from timeto time, raised temples at Wangath, aroundNaran Nag. The earliest evidence about theshrine goes back to 253 BC, when kingNarendraditya I, alias Khimkhila was rulingKashmir. He consecrated shrines of ShivaBhutesvara and founded a permanentendowment for feeding of Brahmans. His GuruUgra constructed shrines of Shiva Ugresa andMatrachakra.

According to Rajatarangini, king Jaluka137BC, erected a stone temple at Nandiksetra

Saptamatrka

daityas

linga

lingaLinga

Linga

for Shiva Bhutesa and offered precious stonesand other wealth to the temple. The offeringsof flowers made of precious metals and stonesare mentioned in various Shiva stillin use in Kashmir. This temple has beenidentified with Shiva-Bhuteshvara temple ofWangath.

In Jayendra's time 61 BC, the threemost famous shrines of Shiva worship wereBhutesa, Vardhamanesa (Ganpatyar), andVijayeya (Bijbehara). Sandhimati 24 BC, aliasAryarja of Vikramaditya dynasty, also used toworship Sodara tirtha at Wangath. Kalhanawrites; "when he went about to beg his food,he was welcomed with much respect as afollower of the observances ordained byShiva. The wives of the ascetics vied eagerlyin every hermitage to give him alms. But as hisalms-bowl was filled with choice fruits and

blossoms by the trees, hewho deserved respect hadnot to suffer the humiliationof mendicancy even whenh e l i v e d t h e l i f e o frenunciation."

Lalitaditya Muktapida,on return from his victoriousexpeditions, presented ahuge sum of his war booty,as an offering to the shrine.

He erected a lofty stone temple of ShivaJyestharudra in close proximity to the shrine atWangath and also made a grant of land andvillages. King Avantivarman made a pedestalwith silver conduit for bathing of sacred image( ).

Kalhan's family was equally devoted tothis shrine. His father Canpaka paid frequentvisits to the shrines of Nandiksetra i.e, Buthserand made rich endowments there. Every yearhe would sepend seven days at this tirtha andutilise his entire savings there. Ultimately, heretired to Nandikstra. Kalhan's uncle Kanakaalso used to frequently visit this shrine. In fact,the nearest town of Kangan, old nameKanakpora, is named after him.

Paddhatis

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Our Bright Stars - Neeraj Santoshi Khar

Subhash Kak - A Renaissance Figure - 2

[Continued from the previous issue]

Kak further adds that these fundamental

investigations that have a bearing onlinguistics, knowledge representation, andnatural language processing by computerrequire collaboration between computerscientists and Sanskritists. He says that itwould allow the Sanskrit departments tocomplement the programme of the computerscience departments and hopes, that agraduate of Sanskrit could make usefulcontributions to the computersoftware industry as well,particularly in the fields ofnatural language processingand artificial intelligence.

Kak has also establishedthat as per the cryptologicalanalysis, the Brahmi script of theMauryan times evolved out ofthe third millennium Sarasvati(Indus) script, which wasperhaps the first true alphabeticscript. He points out that theworship of Sarasvati as theG o d d e s s o f L e a r n i n gremembers the development ofwriting on the banks of theSarasvati river.

Kak maintains that it appears that thesymbol for zero was derived from the fish signthat stood for “ten” in Brahmi and this occurredaround 50 BC to 50 AD. Besides, this he hasalso made major breakthroughs indeciphering the Indus script, on which he hasworked for more than a decade.

On the intellectual arthritis of Indianscholars, he has a point to make. In aninterview to the in 1999, SubhashKak says, “It is only the India of the past fiftyyears that has turned its back on its own

rediff.com

heritage and our scientists literally knownothing about our intellectualh i s to ry, excep t ing thed is to r ted second-handaccounts written by colonialhistorians and their Indianfollowers”.

Stressing the wisdom ofour seers, Subhash Kakpoints out that one of thegreatest scientists of the 20th century, ErwinSchrodinger, was directly inspired by Vedanta

in his creation of quantummechanics, a theory at the basisof all our developments in mostfields of science today includingcomputers.

His insights into thescience of consciousnessremind me the quest of ourancient Shaivite Masters top e n e t r a t e m y s t e r i e s o fconsciousness. Kak talks of twokinds of consciousness that hecalls big-C and little-C. Big-Cr e p r e s e n t s p h e n o m e n a lconsciousness associated withawareness, whereas little-C arethose aspects of consciousness

that relate to cognitive tasksOne of his major contributions is his

startling discovery that the organization of theRigveda was according to an astronomicalcode. He developed the key to unlocking theancient mystery of the Vedas, opening up astill unopened chapter of Indian science.

Kak has also worked on the Indus-Sarasvati Civilization and proved that theSarasvati did in fact exist, and flowed down tothe sea, parallel to the Indus, before a majorearthquake in about 1900 BC separated itstwo tributaries, the Satluj and the Yamuna,



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which merged with Sindh and the Ganga. Hereasons that after the economy around theSarasvati river collapsed due to the drying upof the river, people moved to the east,northwest and to the south.

He also dared to announce that famousGerman indologist Max Muller was “absolutelywrong”. He says that the Max Muellerchronology of the Vedas must be rejected andthat the Rig Veda must be dated back not to1500 BC, but to about 3000 BC.

Kak has also been strongly arguingagainst the Aryan Invasion theory, stressingthat there is no evidence of a break in Indictradition, going back to 10,000 years. He alsopoints out that the Aryan-Dravidian dividesimply doesn't exist, and that the superficialdifferences between North and South Indiaare cosmetic and outcome of 19th century'sracist discourse.

One is amazed by the varied aspects ofthe ancient ethos he has researched.Consider his research on the structure of thefire altars in scriptural ritual, which he haselaborated in his book The Astronomical Codeof the Rigveda. He says that our Rishisrepresented their astronomy in terms of thealtar constructions. He emphasizes that ourancient seers were aware that the sun and themoon were at 108 times their own diametersfrom the earth, and this symbolism is reflectedby the 108 beads of the rosary, symbolizingspiritual journey towards enlightenment.

In the book edited by him and Dr TRNRao Computing Science in Ancient India, hetalks about advances ancient Indians hadmade in mathematics. He talks about thevalue pi to many decimal places, Sayana'saccurate calculation of the speed of light,hashing algorithms, the binary number systemof Sanskrit meters, mathematical logic (NavyaNyaya), and adds in the same book that mostadvanced calculus, math and astronomyarose in Kerala several centuries beforeNewton.

Kak also points about that the 13th

century AD scholar Sayana, prime minister atthe court of the Vijayanagar Emperor Bukka I,had calculated the speed of light to be 2,202yojanas in half a nimesha, which surprisinglydoes come to 186,536 miles per second!

Though he lives a busy life far from hishomeland, his love for Kashmir and what it hascontributed to the world, always pour out fromhis poetry, his interviews and write-ups. In2016 he also penned his autobiography TheCircle of Memory, in which he talks in detailabout his early life in Kashmir.

On his views on the Kashmir issue andKashmiri Pandits, in an interview to Times OfIndia , he says, “Personally, I am for politicalmovement in Kashmir, but I don't see how itcan be made as long as Pakistan pushes inAfghan and Punjabi mercenaries into thevalley for acts of terror. As a Kashmiri myself, Ithink the ethnic cleansing of the KashmiriHindus from the Valley and their continuingmassacres by bands of terrorists is one of thehorrors of modern times, to be equated to themassacre of the Armenians early in the lastcentury in Turkey and that of the Jews and theRoma in Nazi Germany. I believe history willjudge the West, in particular Bill Clinton'spresidency, harshly for looking the other waywhile this horror has continued”.

Even from thousands of miles, I can feelhis quest for his roots and home. Perhaps thathas led him to go deep into ancient mysteriesand inspired him to translate Vasugupta's 8thcentury AD Shiv Sutras, the 78 aphorisms ofShiva´ in the modern idiom, making it morereadable and understandable across theglobe.

His quest is deeper than just scholarlyinterest in Kashmir. In an article “This Side ofParadise”, published in one of the publicationsin 2001, he pours out his heart and questionshis search in USA.

The landscape of my childhoodmemories lay defiled and I sought a place formyself where I could be connected to newsacred ground. America, in spite of its vast

“



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spaces, lacked the sanctities that spring fromthe magic of childhood not merely one's own,but also of forefathers. Even more, Americawas the region of the worldly contest. Now thatwar has come to the shores of America, itscertainties appear naive, and the contest haslost its excitement. Strangely, after it hasbecome like all other lands, I know why I didn'tfind the place I sought here. I couldn't find itbecause it lay all along in the world of my ownheart”.

When I read these lines I was remindedof his father who died in Honolulu in 1993. Inthe last part of the Autumn Leaves, his fathersays, “ I cannot return to Kashmir to smell itsair, to walk its bazaars. I recall that last time wewere there I took Babuji on a shikara ride onthe Dal Lake in the moonlight and the beautyof the moment brought such a flood ofmemories to Babuji that he could not restrainhis tears”.

Today, his son Subhash Kak may not beable to return to Kashmir, but we are proud thathe has kept its fragrance, its essence, its spiritalive in his heart and not only that, he isspreading it to the whole world.

I want to sum up this write up by sharingtwo of his poems.

Home is not the placewhere I was bornit is a corner of my mindwith its coded soundssmellsthe sharp seasonswhichappears to be lostin the heap of my memories.Senses are dull nowairconditioning has banishedthe seasons.Separated from the rhythmsof cosmosfrom voices of childrenand animals

Remembering Home

separatedis the body and soulin pain.

The radio says it has snowed in Srinagar.The first snow is cause for celebration:mother lighted the wooden stove in thekitchenand unwrapped packets of beans and driedvegetables and fishto make the feast.And we hurried into the backyarddragging our wooden slippers through thesnowthrowing snowballs until it was timeto take packed boxes of steaming food andgiftsto the neighbours and relatives to spreadmerrymaking;and we received similar things in exchange.After our snowfights were overwe watched from the windowthe boatwomen hurryingacross the embankment to the kulcha shopand heard the labourers pushing theoverloaded cartsto mutual exhortationsacross the slush of the broken pavement.Down a flight of stepsthe samovar was ever readywith hot moghal chai and sweet kulchas.In the evening in the big room,wrapped in blankets over our pherans,new kangris with painted wickerwork werestarted,and as we waited for father to return fromworkwe listened to grandfather's talesand the conversation between mother, aunt,and grandmotherfrom the kitchen.The dinner done by the faint light of theelectric bulbwe heard the day's accountingas the thalis were cleaned with sawdust and

Snow In Srinagar



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ashWhen my feet were coldmy father took them under hisblanketand warmed them with the warmthof his own feet.Who knew then that decades later aterror will come to Srinagarand I will be unable to see my homewhere I was bornwhere we had played cowries onmany new snows.The terrorists want us to bury ourpastforget the deeds of our ancestors.We are banished because weremembertales that grandfathers told usbecause we rememberour story.

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My Medical Journey - Dr. K.L.Chowdhury

Lesson for a Lifetime

It was the golden summer of 1968, a season

of breathtaking beauty in Kashmir, of song anddance, picnics and outings, treks and hikes,swims and boat rides. And, of course, cinema,Hollywood movies in particular, which drew thelay viewers as much as the educated elite –college students, engineers, professors,lawyers etc. Only two cinema halls projectedHollywood movies, a single evening showeveryday that started around 7 pm. Generallyan English movie would not last more than aweek. You missed it at your own peril, for thenext time you met your friends you were dumbduring a discussion on the latest movie. Youdidn't want to be left behind, yet yourprofession did not grant such license.Practicing doctors like me were almostinvariably engaged with their patients duringthose peak evening hours between seven andnine.

Alas there were many other simplepleasures of life denied to us. We hardly hadtime to go to a club with our families or enjoy agame of cards or tennis or a swig of wine withfriends. Even the privacy and freedom ofSundays at home were denied to us. Iremember in particular the Sunday telecast ofMahabharata and Ramayana on Doordarshanthat were everyone's favorite, mine as well. Inspite of Sunday being a declared off day in mypractice, patients would drop in just at the verytime when the epics were being telecast. Iwould ask my domestic help tell them I am nothome, but many of them were like family; theywould enter the family room anyways and sitand watch the serial while I hid in my bedroom!

But then, medicine is a noble profession,we are reminded every time. Pleasure andmedical profession don't go together; a littlesacrifice will raise our stock both here and thehereafter.

Besides the routine days, itwas the days we were onemergency call that kept uspinned to our homes. Youcould not afford to delay ormiss a call. Of course that wasas it should be, and I alwaysstuck to my duty like the boyon the burning deck, except…

Except once in my life, and that was alesson I never forgot.

That day I was on emergency call. But itwas also the last day of Doctor Zuhvagoshowing at Broadway Cinema. There wererave reviews. Besides, I had read the novel, anEnglish translation of the original Russian byBoris Pasternak. It was lyrical. I would not missthe movie at any cost. I decided to take theplunge, hoping that during that short periodthere would be no emergency or if there wasone, my juniors on duty would tackle it. Theywere competent to deal with mostemergencies and it was rarely that I would becalled. As a precaution I took my mother intoconfidence, just in the case a call came upduring that time.

I got a ticket with much difficulty for I was atthe nick of time when the counters wereclosing and the cast was already showing. Ihoped I was in for an exciting viewing. But itwas not to be. Hardly a quarter through themovie, there was a sudden pause and a noticeappeared on the screen. “Attention DoctorChowdhury. Hospital Ambulance is waitingoutside for an emergency call.”

There was a moment's hum in the hall andthen a mummer of disappointment anddisapproval that rapidly rose to a high decibelas heads turned in different directions to findthe culprit who had caused the suddendistraction. I cowered in my chair, hoping

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nobody saw me. The movie resumedimmediately and I quietly got up from my seatand emerged from the cinema hall.

It was one of the very unusual calls, notfrom my hospital directly but from the DirectorHealth Services who had no jurisdiction onSrinagar Medical College where I was anAssistant Professor. It so chanced that theCentral Minister of Health happened to bevisiting Kashmir. He had come down with painin the left arm while holidaying at Gulmarg.The local medical officer had rushed him toSrinagar. Being a VVIP, the Director Healthhad been immediately put on the alert. Assoon as the Minister reached the Guest Houseat Sonwar, the Director arrived on the scene,examined the minister and reassured him thatit didn't seem a heart attack, but he wouldorder an electrocardiogram and send for thephysician on call. By the time the Director left,the ambulance was on way to my residence.When my father realized that I had gone towatch a movie, he was frantic. He wrote anotice on a piece of paper, handed it over tothe ambulance driver and directed him to askthe manager of Broadway to project it on thescreen.

I sent the ambulance away and drove to theguest house. The minister informed me thatthe Director had already seen him, but offeredto be examined again. He seemed gentle andpleasant and, for a change, there was noofficiousness about him, no hubris. Hecomplained of pain in the left arm thatexacerbated by neck movements. It was mostprobably a root pain from cervical spondylosis.ECG did not show any abnormality. I wrotedown a painkiller and drove home, missing therest of Doctor Zhuvago, not imagining what layin store for me at home.

As soon as I stepped inside, father burstinto one of his worst tempers that I ever faced.“Did you see the patient or did you come homestraight from the cinema hall?”

“Yes, I saw him, Thank you for the notice,

father.”Now he was really angry. “How can you be

so irresponsible? If you are on call, how dareyou go to a movie? This is gross dereliction ofduty.”

I had no gumption to argue with him. I gentlyexplained that I was not negligent, that I hadinformed mother, that I lost no time to attend tothe patient, and that it was not really anemergency, but a trivial problem that wasblown up because the patient happened to bea minister.

A lawyer of high professional ethics, he wasunforgiving. “I think you acted irresponsibly.You can't leave station on your call days, noteven for your own important work oremergency. You must know it more than me;even a minute can make the differencebetween life and death. Personal comfort orconvenience, impulse or inclination shouldhave no precedence in the discharge ofprofessional duties of a doctor.”

I couldn't agree more. Nor have I forgottenthat lesson to this day.

Contact Dr. at: [email protected]

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What a fascinating

story – but would it befair to call it a story? Agem from ‘Kenh NonKenh Son’, a collectionof several episodes, anarration that takes usback to a lifetime inSrinagar of yore, that noKashmiri worth his/hersalt, can ever erasefrom his or her mind andheart.

Shri M.K.Raina'stone is calm, even lowkey, but his short storiesare so moving andtouch us to the core.Each one is a cameo oflife as it used to be,back home, once upona time. He avoids making it sound exotic orusing a self-pitying tone, but his writing issuffused with love for Kashmir, its people, andall that it stands for. His love is infectious andone cannot help but be stirred by it.

Each story is a golden nugget, but I amparticularly taken up by the persona of ZaanDed, the author breathes life into her, makingher a flesh and blood character. In fact sheimmediately conjures up for me, my grand-aunt Zappar Ded, my grandfather's sister,also known as Beyn Ded. She was a tallimposing figure, with silver hair, large lightblue eyes brimming with wisdom, porcelainfair complexion, always clad in a dark or lightblue Pheran, Taranga on her stately head, asash loosely tied around her waist. Full of loveand affection, she was renowned for her keenperception and astuteness.

Zaan Ded was ageless, no one knewhow old she was or where she had come from.Some guessed her to be a hundred years old,some a thousand. Legend had it that she hadremained completely unchanged since timeimmemorial. It was said, several ages ago,Zaan Ded had sat in deep meditation of MaaSharada, who being pleased with her, grantedher a boon. Zaan Ded felt sure that she wouldalways be needed to help and advise herpeople, hence she asked for Immortality. TheGoddess explained that it was a sacrosanctrule of Nature – what is born has to die. ZaanDed thought about it and begged she bepermitted to stay alive on this earth, as long asher people needed her help and guidance. “SoBe It” pronounced Maa Sharada, and sincethat time, Zaan Ded has been around to renderaid and assistance.

Zaan Ded lived in a small town called

Tales Retold - Urmila Dhar Zutshi

Zaan Ded - A Timeless Tale

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Vyathabal. Though she had no kith or kin, shenever ever considered herself to be alone,and hence never felt the lack of a family. Shewas loved by every man woman or child, of allages. In fact children doted on her becauseshe was constantly telling them fascinatingstories of kings and queens. For the adultsshe was like an elder of the family and treatedher with due reverence.

A very essential feature that was anintegral part of Zaan Ded, was a large, strongwooden chest, with a heavy chain padlock onit, that was always by her side. It was amagical box which held her entire wealth, allher assets, and her legacy. The wonders ofthis chest never ceased to astonish people. Itcontained answers to some of the mostdifficult questions that had been asked, downthe ages. Zaan Ded had all the answers in thechest, be it related to History, Geography,Science, Past, Present or Future. Childrenespecially loved Zaan Ded as she wasconstantly regaling them with fairy tales andstories, from the Ramayana and Mahabharat,of kings, queens and demons, and of otherworlds and ages.

the early days there was lot of love,affection and goodwill amongst inhabitants,not only for each other, but also every livingcreature and the entire environment. Thepeople of Vyathabal lived like one big family,sharing both happy and sad moments witheach other. And for each and everyone, ZaanDed was central to their life. They worriedabout her, and looked in upon her every singleday, inquiring about her welfare, taking care ofall her needs. In fact they believed with greatconviction that she was their identity, that theirexistence was distinctive because of her.

At Vyathabal, the residents were aunited lot - all for one, one for all, without anydiscrimination of caste or creed. Births,wedding celebrations, festivals werecelebrated together, as extended members ofone big family. Similarly, at deaths and

In

funerals, the dear departed were grieved andmourned about as if each and everyone hadlost a close relative. The afflicted family did nothave to worry about anything, and for the nextfifteen days people took turns to cook for thatfamily and their guests.

Kashinathji or Kash Kak as he wasfondly called rose early and went to the river tocarry out his ablutions, then making his way tothe Shiv Mandir, to bathe the deity and cleanthe temple premises. After finishing hisprayers he would make his way to Zaan Ded'sto ask about her welfare and if she was in needof anything.

In the same way, Kadir Saab, or KadirKak, who lived on the opposite bank of theriver, would rise early dawn, and after his bathwould say his prayers seated on the rocks,facing Mecca.After Namaz he too would makehis way to Zaan Ded's with fresh and dry fruitthat was her daily breakfast.

Then there was Ama Kak's son AliMohammad who worked in the far off big town.He visited home once a month to meet hisfamily and brought gifts for all. He never forgotto carry some useful knickknacks like combs,toothpicks, ear cleaners and Zaan Ded'sfavourite sweets, made from sesame andjiggery.

However, change is inevitable, andthough Zaan Ded remained unchangedthrough countless eras, relentless timeremained true to its essence. People changedand along with that major transformationsstarted taking place. Now people had becomeself-centered and self-absorbed. They had notime for kindness and consideration foranyone other than their own little world.Overtaken by greed and ambition, their livessoon became a rat race. As if in retribution,disaster struck.

It rained hard and long, accompanied bya violent storm, thunder and lightning, theclouds so dark that day and night became one.For months the skies poured down

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relentlessly, creating devastation and ruin.People ran for their lives with whomever andwhatever they could save. There wasimmeasurable loss of lives and property.Months later when the skies cleared and thesun came out, there was nothing left to see.Zaan Ded rubbed her eyes in stunned disbeliefat the sight that greeted her. Everything hadperished, nothing had survived the wrathfulonslaught of nature and it seemed like the endof the world.

As the waters receded, little by little thedevastated settlement emerged, broken downdwellings, a door here, a window there, achild's toy, all giving mute evidence of thecatastrophe that had struck them. Zaan Dedlooked around her and saw nothing. She fellinto a deep sleep. It was as if she were in atrance, and in her reverie she seemed to havebeen transported to Ayodhya, in the form of alittle girl called Bela. There was great sense ofanticipation around her and happy peoplerushing around, it was the day of Lord Rama'scoronation as king of Ayodhya. Bela too gotinfected with the exhilaration surrounding herand looked forward to seeing Lord Rama.

All of a sudden there was an eeriesilence and a sense of impending doom - adark cloud seemed to descend on all thepeople of Ayodhya. Then the terrible mostshocking news leaked out that Rani Kaikaeehad got Lord Rama sent into exile for fourteenyears and her son Bharat made king in place ofLord Rama.

Some more time elapsed and suddenlyonce again Bela heard sounds of drums andflutes, singing and dancing, as if people wererejoicing. It seemed to Bela that almost in ablink of her eyes, fourteen years had gone byand Lord Rama with his wife Sita and brotherLakshmana had returned from exile. Bela wasdazed, she could not for the life of her fathomhow fourteen years had passed as if in a jiffy.Suddenly she saw Ramji walking towards herand when he was close to her he took her by

the hand. Bela felt an exploding flash of verybright light, like the sun was shining in hereyes.

Zan Ded was wide awake now, herreverie broken, the morning sun shiningbrightly. There was no Bela, no River Gangaand no Lord Rama. She was back inVyathabal, but it was a completely differentscenario that she witnessed. The Shiv templehad disappeared, new high-class houses hadsprung up in place of the old dwellings and theriver seemed to have run dry. In its place wasplain ground with a small stream runningthrough it. There seemed to be groups ofpeople discussing serious issues. Some ofthem looked like gangsters with rifles andguns, and under a tree she saw horses andhunting dogs.

She could not see any of the oldresidents that she knew so well. Her kith andkin seemed to have vanished without a trace,replaced by an unruly mob, up to no good aswas obvious. Suddenly she heard the sound ofshots and shouting and screaming. Zaan Dedwas bewildered with all these sights andsounds. She wondered what kind of nightmareshe was gripped in and if she would ever comeout of it.

Lassa Kak looked down at his almanac,it was exactly fourteen years ago that they hadbeen driven out of their homes in Vyathabal.So many lost their lives along with familymembers that were either too old, disabled, ortoo young to survive the rough and tumble.The few that did get away barely escaped withtheir lives, having to leave most of theirbelongings behind. He could still visualize thehorror and suffering of that holocaust. Finally afew survivors staggered forward, looking forsomewhere to relocate.

[To be continued]

Contact author at : [email protected]

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Praagaash20



Twenty-five years is considered the

life-span of a generation. The year 2020C.E. marks the thirtieth year of thedisplacement from their home andhearth in Kashmir Valley, of over half amillion persons of all age-groups, variedsocio-economic strata and ideologies,different professions and backgrounds,into hot and humid plains of the Indian sub-continent.The profound sense of nostalgia and loss is no longeruppermost in the minds of the displaced but there is adeep-rooted fear of the unknown, a silent bewildermentin the minds of the displaced regarding re-rootingthemselves. Rootless-ness haunts the displaced atevery corner! The youths have been schooled andbrought-up in the hot and humid plains in anenvironment of peace, security and safety. They are, byand large, unaware of the destruction and misery thattheir parents and grandparents have suffered in therecent past. In some cases, they are presented a falsepicture of the bygone days. Had everything been goody-goody in the past, there would be no displacement.

The meritorious youths from among the displaced

have succeeded at several fronts. Some of them have

attained important positions across continents. This is

true of some youths among the 'rooted' communities as

well. The youths of the 'rooted' groups are free of the

worries of identity, name and home, whereas the youths

among the displaced continue to be nameless and

homeless; hence, they live an imagined identity, imagine

a name and home for themselves. The generation of the

youths living an 'imagined identity' is required to give its

progeny an 'identity' that is based upon the real situation.

The lessons in 'Community History' must be designed to

sharpen their intellect and enlarge their world-vision.

Author can be contacted at:

[email protected]

Mission Survival - Prof. R.N.Bhat

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Praagaash21



Life - Chand Bhat

Of Teenageres & Half-truths

One of the protagonists in a Hindi movie

from a couple of years ago tells his biologicalfather that all he seeks is the truth about whyhe left him and his mother years ago. Thefather, a free-spirited painter, simply replies,"Sach hota kya hai? Sabka apna apna versionhota hai. (What's truth after all? Everyone hashis own version.)

Now, taking life lessons from celluloidmay not exactly be a smart thing to do, butwhen I did hear that bit, it brought a smile onmy face, and an old tale about truths and half-truths.

The year was 1964. Chander was anaverage student in 10 grade at a reputedschool in Srinagar. The school was known fordiscipline, imparting quality education andengaging students in extracurricular activities.The teachers were very committed, trainedand knew their respective subjects well. Theystruck a right balance between being strict andbeing open-minded enough to let theyoungsters loose to face the world.

Chander was largely an introvert, andwhile harmless, he wasn't without tricks up hissleeves. The naughty boy in him would oftencreate some buzz and cause some ripplesamong his classmates, who were a good mixof bullies, docile, aggressive and book worms.Overall, most made sure they never crossedlines they shouldn't at the school.

Chander's class teacher was one ShriS.N.Kachroo; a boxer-like built, with stern andsteely looks, basically enough physical traitsto keep his wards in line when he was amazingthem with his mastery of English and History inthe class. However, out of the four walls of theclassroom, he was a delight, oftenencouraging his students to take part inextracurricular activities.

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During one pleasant summer,Chander's class, a group of40, went on an excursion toGulmarg, the picturesqueflowery meadow.

Kachroo Sir was seatedin the front of the bus thattraversed through the hillyroads, passing by some gushing streams,mesmerising green fields and poplar avenues.Chander, meanwhile, sat in the back row withYousuf, an ex-student of the school, whoowned the bus.

As the open windows brought in cool,fresh air, Chander brought out a packet ofcigarettes and lit one out. In a show ofmachismo, he would occasionally smokebefore his mates when out of school.

A shocked Yousuf couldn't fathom thesight, especially with Kachroo Sir in the bus."Are you really studying in this school? Aren'tyou scared of Kachroo Sir?" Yousuf askedChander, who just smiled while looking out ofthe window and taking in another drag.

A fidgety Yousuf was mumbling, "It'sbeen ten years since I passed out from theschool and I am still scared of the man. Youhave lost all your senses." Chander only blewthe smoke out of the window, well aware thatthe breeze will only send the smoke out of thebus.

Around 10 am, the bus reachedTangmarg, the base point for Gulmarg, andthen began the walk through the pine forest onfoot to reach Gulmarg. But before that,Kachroo Sir had everyone fall in line and gaveout a few instructions. “You all are grown upand I would like to believe that you won't doanything undesirable and unsavoury,"Kachroo Sir said. "So you all are on your own

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and I would see you at 5 pm back here. Enjoythe time, and help each other when in need."With that he turned around and began hiswalk. Some followed him diligently, while somegravitated towards their clique of friends andbegan their climb.

Chander and his classmate Suresh,moved unnecessarily faster than the others,and were in Gulmarg earlier than everyoneelse. A quick glance at the scenic beauty of theplace, and the two looked at each other with amischievous smile.

Soon, like they had decided the daybefore, they were in front of a beer shop. Witha couple of bottles tucked in their bags, off theywere to a spot away from the gaze of KachrooSir. As they took their first few sips of beer,made faces, burped, a pair of eyes frombetween the trees saw them indulging inalcohol.

Chaman never could keep things tohimself. An insecurity of sorts, an inferioritycomplex meant Chaman had a reputation ofsnitching. And so, with a smirk on his face,Chaman ran to Kachroo Sir.

Under the huge poplar, Chander andSuresh were content that they did what theyset out to and now opened their respectivelunch boxes to savour roganjosh and mincedmeat balls that their dotting mothers hadpacked for them. Even before a morsel couldreach their mouths, a frantic and pantingSunder came running towards the two."Chaman has complained to Kachroo Sirabout…," he said, pointing to the beer bottlesthat lay by the side. "He is furious and lookingfor you two."

All Chander and Suresh could think ofwas to run, and so they did with their lunchboxes and bags, towards Tangmarg. Almosthalf an hour later, they had reached a streamand decided to eat to satisfy their hungerpangs.

That was also the time they used to think ofmeans and ways to escape Kachroo Sir's fury.Suddenly, as the aroma of roganjosh waftedthrough as he opened his lunch box again,Chander got an idea. He had overheard hiselder brother's friend talking aboutsuppressing the smell of alcohol by munchingcardamom and mint candies. And once theywere down at Tangmarg, they boughtcardamom and mint candies and keptmunching.Asmall nap and they felt refreshed.

At quarter to five, the two heard thecommotion of their classmates walkingtowards the bus. And they too joined the line.Just as everyone began boarding the bus,Kachroo Sir ordered Chander and Suresh tostep forward and so they did. He came closerto them and asked them to blow air out lookingfor the smell of alcohol. But cardamoms andmint, along with the time gap had worked.

Kachroo Sir frowned in his angriest tone,asking, "Did you two have alcohol?"

Chander and Suresh looked at eachother, feigning confusion and then lookingback at Kachroo Sir, and shaking their head."No Sir," Chander said as convincingly as hecould.

Just as Kachroo Sir turned to look atChaman, Chander added, "However, I dowant to confess something."

Kachroo Sir turned back to Chander,and waited in silence.

"We did try smoking a cigarette today."A few more moments of silence, and

Chander looked up at his teacher and saw hissteely face giving way to a strange calmness.Kachroo Sir smiled, kept his hand on theirheads, and said, "You shouldn't have donethat. You do know how harmful they are."

The two just nodded their heads, whilelooking at their feet.

“You had the courage to speak the truth,

Continued on Page 27

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I n t e r n a t i o n a l

Mother LanguageDay is celebratede v e r y y e a r o nFebruary 21, afterthe declaration bythe United Nations,on Nov 17, 1999, tor e c o g n i s e t h esacrifices of people who lost their life for thesake of their mother tongue in Bangla Desh in1952. To every one of us mother language isone of the most precious gifts that we have inour lives. Each and every language spokenthroughout the globe represents a unique anddistinct cultural heritage, melodious songs,colourful environment, tasty food and a healthysociety to live in, where people express theirfeelings and emotions without any hesitation.

According to Leanne Hinton, professorof linguistics at the University of California, theloss of language is part of loss of wholecultures and knowledge systems, includingphilosophical systems, oral literacy, musictraditions, medical knowledge and importantcultural practices and artistic skills. The worldstands to lose an important part of humanknowledge whenever a language stops beingused.

Within the multilingual societies,maintaining the language of ethnic and culturalgroups is critical for the preservation of culturalheritage and identity. Using one's mothertongue at home makes it easier forchildren to be comfortable with their owncultural identity. A language is more than justa means of communication. It is a repository ofa community's collective history and heritage.It also provides an identity and a focus thatbinds a community together, which makesindividual accomplishments easier.

The use ofone's mothert o n g u e f o rcommunicationat home allowsthe children toknow their rootsand they will beable to pass it

on to their children, thus securing their culturefor the future generations. To preserve ourlinguistic and cultural diversity, we mustencourage the use of mother tongue as muchas possible.

Jim Cummins, Professor at theuniversity of Toranto says that, research hasclearly shown that mother tongue has veryimportant role in chi ldren's overal ldevelopment. When children develop theirskills in two or even three languages, they geta deeper understanding of how to usedifferent languages effectively. According toPof. Cummins, the stronger the children'smother tongue, the easier it is for them tolearn new languages.

Therefore it is very important that

parents speak their mother tongue at home.

Feelings which are important for the child's

development are also passed on through the

mother tongue. The best way for parents to

support their children's learning of their

mother tongue is to spend time with the

children. Story telling, discussions and

offering support and encouragement in their

mother tongue will aid children on their

journey to become multilinguals.

Contact author at:

[email protected]

Our Cultural Heritage - M.K.Dhar

Why Do We Need To Learn Our Mothertongue

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Grandma's Stories

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and that is something I appreciate."And he slapped their backs and

gestured them to get into the bus.Chaman was dumbfounded for what

unfolded in front of him. Kachroo Sir's facebecame red with anger staring at him.

Chaman was reprimanded for being asnitch. "You are grown up boys, and all Iexpect from you is maturity, not snitching onyour mates. Help each other understand thegood and the bad," Kachroo Sir said loudenough for everyone to hear.

As the sun was setting and the busmade its way back to Srinagar, Chander had asmile on his face. For that 15-year-old, itwasn't about right and wrong. For him, it wassimply about escaping a sticky real worldsituation unscathed to live another day.

Contact author at:

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Of Teenagers ...... From Page 22

No language

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know that.

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Languages - Dr. P.L.Ganju

Place of Sanskrit in Indian Schools & Homes

These famous lines are often quoted by the

scholars of ancient Indian civilization,highlighting the persistence of its unswervinglanguage of Sanskrit. In 1937, while presidingover the Oriental Conference at Trivandrum,Dr F. F. Thomas held a similar view as MaxMuller and also quoted his statement. Hesuggested that a simple form of Sanskritshould be used as a common all-Indialanguage (see Jawaharlal Nehru's 'Discoveryof India', 1946).

Sanskrit can be traced to the archaicVedic dialect of the early Aryans in India.Aryans composed their first sacred hymns ofthe Rig Veda in this dialect, from 1500-1000B.C. The other Vedas, the Brahmanas(dealing with the ritual ceremonies) and theUpanishads were composed in the later Vedicperiod, up to 500 B.C.All these scriptures werecommitted to memory before they could be putdown in writing. During the extended Vedicperiod, the language of these scripturesbecame, more and more, sophisticated, in itsstructure and sound, and was learned bypeople. Panini (5 century B.C.) analyzed thegrammar of this language and prescribed hisprecise rules for its correct usage, heraldingthe classical period of the language, in India.Subsequently, it was used extensively in itsrefined Paninian , in both the arts andthe sciences. The Sanskrit reached its peak inNorth India, in the Golden Era of the GuptaDynasty (319-467A.D), ruling in Magadh, withits capital at Patliputra. It continued to flourish

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i n t h e r e i g n o fHarshavardhana (606-647),the King of Kanauj.

Sanskrit was taken tosouth India by the migratingB rahm ins , l a rge l y v i aDeccan. While they learnt thei n d i g e n o u s D r a v i d i a nlanguages, the Dravidian scholars picked upSanskrit from the learned Brahmans, leadingto bilingualism. Now, Sanskrit served as the

of the country and wasextensively used by the scholars throughoutIndia for a long time, even during the Muslimera, despite the colossal destruction of itsliterature by its early conquerors.

Prof.A. K.Warder, an eminent indologistand a scholar of Buddhism, at the University ofToronto (1963-1990) wrote a comprehensivechapter on 'Classical Literature' of India, in “ACultural History of India,” 1975 (ed.A.L.Basham), covering much of the IndianSanskrit literature from the two great Indianepics, the and theup to his time. Warder concluded that“Sanskrit was the only truly national languageIndia has ever had, linking all regions and allclasses with the immortal springs of Indianthought. If it disappears, with its culturalheritage, India will never be a nation and willsurely break into a series of European-typestates.”

After Independence, the makers ofIndian Constitution recognized the cultural

lingua franca

Mahabharata Ramayana

“Such is the marvellous continuity between the past and the present in India that, in spite ofrepeated social convulsions, religious reforms and foreign invasions, Sanskrit may be said to bestill the only language that is spoken over the whole extent of the vast country. Even at thepresent moment, after a century of the English rule and English teaching, I believe, Sanskrit ismore widely understood in India than Latin was in Europe at the time of Dante (1265-1321).”

- Prof. Friedrich Max Muller (1823-1900)

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value of Sanskrit and included it in the group oftwenty Scheduled Languages of the country.Besides, the Indian Constitution directs theUnion Government to use Sanskrit as theprimary source of vocabulary to enrich Hindi,officially accepted as the national language ofthe country.

In pursuance of the constitutionalobligation of the Centre to promote Sanskrit inIndia, it set up “Sanskrit Commission” to guideit in its implementation. The Commissiontravelled extensively in the subcontinent toascertain the views of the people andsubmitted its report in 1957, concluding thatpeople of India still looked upon the Sanskritlanguage as the embodiment of Indian cultureand civilization. The Sanskrit Commissionrecommended to the Centre to introduceSanskrit in the school curriculum.

In its 1968 Education Policy statement,the Government of India emphasized on “thespecial importance of Sanskrit, in the growthand development of Indian languages and itsunique contribution to the cultural unity of thecountry” and recommended that “facilities forits teaching at the school and the universitystages should be offered on a more liberalbasis”. From here on, teaching of Sanskrit wasmade compulsory in the Kendriya Vidyalayas,in 6 9 classes, but as an elective subject in the10

In 1994, the decision of government ofIndia to include Sanskrit, as an elective subjectin the Secondary education, leaving outPersian and Arabic, was challenged in a PIL inthe Supreme Court, pleading that this wasagainst the proclaimed secularism of thecountry. The Apex Court however did not findany merit in the petition and rejected it. Then,in 1995, the late Congress HRD Minister,Madhav Rao Scindia, assured Rajya Sabhamembers that Sanskrit would be madecompulsory in the Kendriya Vidyalayas, in the10 class also, but so far this has not beenpossible.

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A National Conference on the“Importance of Sanskrit in Modern Age” washeld in Lucknow from 13-15 Sept. 2013. Itwas inaugurated by the HRD Minister in thelast UPA Government, Shri Pallam Raju andHis deputy, Shri Jitin Prasad was also presentat the conference. In the concluding session ofthe conference, it was resolved that all thesecondary schools in the country shouldintroduce Sanskrit as a compulsory subject upto Class X . A news column in The IndianExpress said that, the HRD Ministry hadsubsequently sent a (reportedlyaccessed by the newspaper) to CBSE to takenecessary action in this regard. IndianExpress had then contacted Shri Raju toascertain the contents of the said . TheMinister denied that there was any move tomake Sanskrit compulsory in the 10 Class, forlack of adequate teaching staff.

In this context, it may be added here thatway back in 1995, the Deputy Minister in theHRD ministry had told the Rajya Sabhamembers that in the 818 Kendriya Vidyalayas,all over the country, a total of only112 studentshad opted for Sanskrit in the 10 class duringthe past three years. The reluctance of theCentre to make Sanskrit compulsory insecondary education is understandable.Besides the reported paucity of adequate stafffor teaching this language in the secondaryeducation, there is a general apathy of thestudents towards choosing it as an electivesubject in their 10 class, as it is not deemed tobe useful in their higher education, especially,in Commerce and Sciences, where English isthe language. Instead, they prefer aforeign language, like German, as one of theelective subjects. Now, that the HRD ministry,in the BJP government has decided to omitGerman as an elective language in theKendriya Vidyalayas, ostensibly to divert themto Sanskrit, more students may take up thissubject now.

While, the teaching of Sanskrit in the

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middle education in the KendriyaVidyalayas, is a welcome development, it isdoubtful whether this effort alone is enoughto rejuvenate the cultural heritage of thecountry. The language must be taught alsoin all the other secular schools of India.

While the traditional Sanskritand the deemed Sanskrit

Mahavidyalayas (deemed )teaching the Vedic and the Sanskrit,abound in the country, they do not receiveadequate attention and patronage of thesociety. Most of them are languishing forwant of funds and adequate staff. Thegovernments, both in the States and theCentre, are not generally involved in therunning of these 'non-secular' institutions.However, they have to be empathetic to thefate of these dying institutions, and givethem generous grants, if they sincerelywant to revive the pristine culture of theNation.

Besides, while the Hindu parentsshould encourage their children to take upSanskrit as an additional language in theirmiddle education (if not higher up), to letthem earn higher marks, which this subjecthas the potential, they must also attempt tolearn it in their spare time at home, to earnwhatever spiritual merit it may bestow onthem. They can do it following the courses oftheir children and do so religiously, as a partof their worship. Sanskrit is a sacredlanguage and must be respected. Scientistssay that learning a new language sharpensone's memory and delays old age, whichwould be an additional boon. Then why notstart with our own sacred language ofSanskrit, at least, to be able to recite themelodious Song of the Lord.

pathshalasuniversities ,

Author can be contacted at:[email protected]

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Sign Post

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ÒççiççMç

Dishes&

Recipes

Urmila Dhar Zutshi

Dishes & Recipes

is a

regular feature

in Praagaash.

Your contribution is welcome.

Praagaash34

We are into the festival season and our

aromatic, delicious Mitha or Sweet Pulao isjust the right treat to prepare for family andfriends. Back home in Srinagar, the delectableModur Pulao was an almost statuary dish tobe prepared by Kashmiri Pandits, at weddingsand served to please and honour thebridegroom and members of his baarat. I givebelow the recipe as prepared in my family.

·

MITHAPULAOIngredients:

1 cup Basmati rice· 1 cup Sugar· 6 tbsp Ghee· 3 Bay leaves (tej patta)· 1 inch Cinnamon Stick (Dalchini)· 6 to 8 Cardamom (Elaichi)

Pods/Seeds· 1/2 tsp Whole Black Peppercorns· 1/4 tsp Saffron strands· 1 cup Dates , chopped· 15 to 20 Badam (Almonds) blanched

and sliced· 10 to 15 Cashew nuts , chopped· 15 Raisins· Salt , as required· 3 cups Water

Kashmiri Modur

PulaoMethod:

Serve warm garnished with slivers ofalmonds and rose petals.

Wash rice thoroughly withwater and soak for ½ hour,drain water and set aside.Soak a few strands of saffronin ½ cup warm milk and keepaside

Soak dates in warm water for half anhour, chopping them into long thick slices

Bring 2 cups of water to a boil, add riceand cook for about 5 minutes. Ensure that therice is only cooked 3/4th.

Heat ghee in a thick bottomed or non-stick kadai, and once the ghee is hot, lower theflame and add cloves, bay leaves, cinnamonstick, cardamom, and peppercorns

Now, add sugar, 1/2 cup of water andcook until it dissolves completely. Continuecooking till it turns into a thick syrupconsistency.

Add the half cooked rice and give it astir. Now add chopped dates, raisins,blanched almonds and halved cashew nuts tothe rice.

Combine them well and pour the saffronmilk on top of the rice. Cover the pan and cookover low flame for about 20 to 25 minutes oruntil cooked. Stir gently to prevent it frombeing burnt at the bottom.



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Comic Tales for ChildrenBased on the Folk Stories of Kashmir

Concept & Creation

Deepak Durgaprasad Bhatt

Praagaash35



Comic Tales for ChildrenCreated by


Authored by : Ashok Dullu Comic created by: Deepak Durgaprasad

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King and the Shephered - 2

Praagaash36



ÒççiççMç

King and the Shephered - 2

Comic Tales for ChildrenCreated by


Praagaash37



Next time, a new story

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��Contact author at:

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Photo: hindustantimes.com

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Your Own Page

Praagaash40



Trisha HaliDaughter of Sheetal Hali

of Jammugot Gold and Silver Medals in200 M and 100 M respectively

at Sahodya School AthleticMeet at Jammu.

Trisha also wontwo Golds in

Khelo India Athletic Meetat Jammu held on

15 Oct 2018.

Congratulations.

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Your Own Page

Praagaash41



Hemakshi DharDaughter of Smt.

Sunilata & Shri SanjayDhar of Sanpada,

Navi Mumbaiwon two Golds in South

& West Zone CBSCSpeed Skating

Competition held at YAKPublic School, Khopoli.She is now qualified for

Nationals.Congratulations.

ÒççiççMç

Photo Feature - Rare Photos

Praagaash42



Old Amira Kadal

ÒççiççMç

Letters to Editor

Dear Raina Saab,

Prof. AshokAimaPune.

Dear Editor,

I must congratulate you on thecoming out of October issue ofour Praagaash on its due date.The cover page inspired me andI was drawn to my sweet silentthoughts of past (our motherland and her grandeur). It isexcellent. I went across the magazine andread between the lines. The articles areexciting and thought provoking. The choice oftopics is apt. I loved to read all. Mr. AjayDhar's article was wonderful and photostaken by him gave me the feel of the placewhich he has visited. I read Mr RavinderBhan’s article and felt his concern over theplenty of engineers getting added with lessemployment. The same is true with otherfaculties. Let me tell Bhan sahib India is acountry of plenty and managing plenty isalways a difficult task. Let us hope tomorrowwill lead us to fresh woods & green pastures.The article on kanagush was mouth watering.I would suggest could it be possible to startseries on the life of great KPs who haveimmensely contributed to India and world atlarge. Our younger generation and even wewill be connected to our glorious past. Rainasahib, you are doing heroic job. My blessings.

Language i.e. Zabaan is theb a s i c a n d e l e m e n t a r yPehchaan of any community.Twentynine years down the timel i n e s i n c e o u r f o r c e ddisplacement from Kashmirvalley stand destroyed toshocking extent. Criminal as it should be, ourgeneration has to accept the primeresponsibility for our identity crisis - ourlanguage. It's not our children to share the

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greater blame because ‘Badtar ko Behtarrkah kah ke Hum ne hi mahol bigada Hai.’Repeated attempts by the dedicated to ourcommunity cause in different shades fromtime to time are doing a wonderful job. It isindeed reassuring.

‘Praagash’ has a long way to go.Beginning is a good start from a layman'senthusiastic point of view. Problem is that thesocial engineering of we the displacedKashmiri Pandits is today in shambles. We asa community is suffering from the mass senseof withdrawal symptoms. Our communityidentity in general is on a nowhere road.My words may sound stupid to lot many butthen ponder over the larger probable of all thatwe are confronted with.

Thane, MumbaiS.K.Kaul

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Dear Editor,

Manoj Dhar

I read your Praagaashforwarded by friends on theWhatsApp groups. I like itscontents as well as its get up.Congrats for bringing out thisprintable e-journal.

The page ‘Your OwnPage’ included in the journal is a good move toshowcase the achievements of our children.But I find, there are not many takers. Sometimes the same children are repeated thoughwith new creations.As parents, we have failedutterly to encourage our children andshowcase their works for others to follow suit.We want our children to achieve great heightsbut least bother to share their merits withp u b l i c w h i c h w o u l d a l s o m e a nencouragement for them.

There is no dearth of folk tales and shortstories in Kashmiri. It would be great toreproduce them for our children in Praagaash.

Ashok Vihar, New Delhi

Praagaash43



Praagaash 1Supplementary

DçvçbLç DçcççvçLçDçcç³ç&Lç Dçhç&vçDçjcççvç DçLç&Dçj]pçLç Dçj]pçávçDçjlçuç Dç@çÆjv³çDç@çÆjçÆvçcççuç DççkçÀçjDççkçÀçMç DççoMç&DççjlççÇ DçBçÆ]pçv³çDçç@çÆuç®ç DççvçboDççWkçÀçj kçwJçbiçehççíMçkçbÀ]pçuç kçÀM³çhçkç@ÀçÆlçpç kçÀçvçáuçkçÀçvçepç çÆkçÀMççÆcçMçkçáÀkçw³çáuç kçáÀçÆkçÀuçkçwJçuçoçÇHçÀ kçÀçômlçÓjkçÀçômlçÓ³ç& kçÀunvçkçÀçQmçj çÆ¬çÀMcçKJçMçyçÓ iJçuççuçeæ®çboávç æ®çBêcçæçÆæscyçej pççÌnjpçmçáoç pççHçáÀjpççJ³çbo çÆpçiçjçÆ]pççÆlçv³ç ]pççuçç]pççÇjkçÀ ]pçáJçuçcççuç]pçÓvç ]pçáJçáuçlçhçm³çç lçyççMççÇj

hç hçhç hç, mçhç hçhç hçhç, mç mçmç hçhç hçmç mçmç hçhç hçmç hçmç hçmç mçhç mçhç mçmç hçhç, mç hçmç hç, mçhç hçmç hçmç hçhç hçmç mçhç mçmç hçmç mç

Endless Sacred Deposit

Nectar Sacred Offering

Longing Aim

Earnings Arjun

Foil of Gold, Silver Kind of yellow jasmine

Jasmine Garland Shape

Sky Ideal

Litany Hen Swan

Sour Cherry Bliss

Omkar Saffron Flower

Alder Tree Kashyap Rishi Saint

Swallow Tendril of a plant

Tendril of a plant Currant

Male Cuckoo Female Cuckoo

Glory of Family A Bird, Musk Deer

Musk Name of a Historian

A Lake A fibre plant

Fragrance Flower (Red Poppy)

Chandan Crescent

Twilight Gem

Yeshodha Marigold

Ajwain Liver, Seat of affection

Spark Goddess Jwala

Wise Beautiful Woman

Moon Illumination

Ascetic fervour Sugar of Bamboo

Kashmiri Names for KP Children - M.K.Raina

Name M/F Meaning Name M/F Meaning

v³çcç&uç vçjçÆiçmçhçocç hçchççíMçhçbkçÀ]pç hççjmçhçç@çÆ³çuç Hçí®ççvçÒç]pçáuç Òç]pçuçJçávçÒçyççLç ÒççiççMçHçáÀuç³ç yçvçHçÀMçeyçmçbLç yçnçjyççcçávç yçácçhççíMç

yçáj]pçáuçy³çoçj cçoávçcçmçJçuç cçnçuççÇMç

cççÆncçç cççÆncvçççÆcçuçæe®ççj cççôoájcçãçÆiçv³ç cJçjuççÇ³çKçyççuç ³çByçej]pçuççE³çoj ³ççímçcçvçuççíuçájJ³çlçmlçç J³çvçehççíMçJççÇj JççÇçÆjv³çJ çhçekçÀçj MççjoçMçççÆjkçÀç çÆMçnáuççÆMççÆnpç MççÇvçMççÇjçÇv³ç MçÓyçeJçávçMçÓyçeJçev³ç MçônpççjÞçÎç mçbkçÀuHçÀ

J

cç mçhç hç,mçhç hçmç hç, mçhç hçhç hçmç mçhç mçhç mç

hçhç hçmç hç

mç mçhç hçmç hçhç mçhç mçhçmç mçhç mçhç mçmç hçmç mçmç hçmç hçmç hç

Clean Narcissus

Lotus Lotus

Lotus Touchstone

Anklet A kind of ivy

To shine Shining

Early Dawn Moonshine, Light

Blossom A Flower

Mustard Yellow Spring Season

Sprout An equatic flower,

flower of the water Chestnut

A special kind of Walnut

Awake Handsome person

Sacred place below

Harmukh

Greatness Greatness

Harmony Sweet

Female Deer Flute

Prosperity Narcissus

Inder Dev Lilac

One with great affection

River Jhelum Flower of a Medicinal Plant

White Willow Hazel Tree

Kindly Action, Favour Goddess Saraswati

Goddess Sharika Cool

Cool Snow

Kind of Sweet balls Radiant

Radiant Coolness

Faith Wish

Gule Maswal (Flower)





mçblçáMì mççÇçÆcçv³çmJçboj mçcçæ®ççjmçjhççíMç mJçcççÇjmJçcçvç mJçb]pçuçmççJçôv³ç nç@çÆjpççÆnjyççÇ çÆn³ç, çÆn³çççÆn³ççcççuç nçÇcççuç

çÆn³çLç@j nçÇLç@j

hç mçmç hçhç hçmç mçmç mçmç mçmç mç

mç mç

Satisfied Lioness

Beautiful Togetherness

Caretaker, Cover A Sacred Mountain

Flower Rainbow

Respectable Woman A Bow

A Medicinal Plant Jasmine

Jasmine Garland Jasmine Garland

Jasmine Creeper Jasmine Creeper



M.K.Raina

Cell & WhatsApp: +91-7507114890E-mail: [email protected]

Web: www.mkraina.com

Documents

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