˜ ˆ ˚ ˇ˛˝ - Rockwell Automation...˘1˜(& ˚0&+* 6 ˚. % This manual shows you how to use your RTD input module with an Allen–Bradley programmable controller. It helps you

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Because of the variety of uses for this product and because of the differencesbetween solid state products and electromechanical products, those responsiblefor applying and using this product must satisfy themselves as to theacceptability of each application and use of this product. For more information,refer to publication SGI–1.1 (Safety Guidelines For The Application,Installation and Maintenance of Solid State Control).

The illustrations, charts, and layout examples shown in this manual are intendedsolely to illustrate the text of this manual. Because of the many variables andrequirements associated with any particular installation, Allen–BradleyCompany cannot assume responsibility or liability for actual use based upon theillustrative uses and applications.

No patent liability is assumed by Allen–Bradley Company with respect to use ofinformation, circuits, equipment or software described in this text.

Reproduction of the contents of this manual, in whole or in part, without writtenpermission of the Allen–Bradley Company is prohibited.

Throughout this manual we make notes to alert you to possible injury to peopleor damage to equipment under specific circumstances.

WARNING: Tells readers where people may be hurt if proceduresare not followed properly.

CAUTION: Tells readers where machinery may be damaged oreconomic loss can occur if procedures are not followed properly.

Warnings and Cautions:

- Identify a possible trouble spot.

- Tell what causes the trouble.

- Give the result of improper action.

- Tell the reader how to avoid trouble.

Important: We recommend you frequently backup your application programson appropriate storage medium to avoid possible data loss.

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This manual shows you how to use your RTD input module with anAllen–Bradley programmable controller. It helps you install,program, calibrate, and troubleshoot your module.

You must be able to program and operate an Allen–Bradleyprogrammable controller (PLC) to make efficient use of your inputmodule. In particular, you must know how to program block transferinstructions.

We assume that you know how to do this in this manual. If you donot, refer to the appropriate PLC programming and operationsmanual before you attempt to program this module.

In this manual, we refer to:

• The RTD input module as the “input module”

• The Programmable Controller, as the “controller.”

This manual is divided into eight chapters. The following chartshows each chapter with its corresponding title and a brief overviewof the topics covered in that chapter.

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You can install your input module in any system that usesAllen–Bradley programmable controllers with block transfercapability and the 1771 I/O structure.

Contact your nearest Allen–Bradley office for more informationabout your programmable controllers.

This input module can be used with any 1771 I/O chassis.Communication between the discrete analog module and theprocessor is bidirectional. The processor block–transfers output datathrough the output image table to the module and block–transfersinput data from the module through the input image table. Themodule also requires an area in the data table to store the read blockand write block data. I/O image table use is an important factor inmodule placement and addressing selection. The module’s data tableuse is listed in the following table.

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You can place your input module in any I/O module slot of the I/Ochassis. You can put:

• two input modules in the same module group

• an input and an output module in the same module group.

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Do not use this module with Cat. No. 1771-AL adapter, PLC-2/20 or2/30 programmable controllers.

Do not put the module in the same module group as a discrete highdensity module unless you are using 1 or 1/2 slot addressing. Avoidplacing this module close to AC modules or high voltage DCmodules.

For a list of publications with information on Allen–Bradleyprogrammable controller products, consult our publication indexSD499.

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This chapter gives you information on:

• features of the input module

• how an input module communicates with programmablecontrollers

The RTD input module is an intelligent block transfer module thatinterfaces analog input signals with any Allen–Bradleyprogrammable controllers that have block transfer capability. Blocktransfer programming moves input data words from the module’smemory to a designated area in the processor data table in a singlescan. It also moves configuration words from the processor datatable to module memory.

The input module is a single slot module and requires no externalpower supply. After scanning the analog inputs, the input data isconverted to a specified data type in a digital format to be transferredto the processor’s data table on request. The block transfer mode isdisabled until this input scan is complete. Consequently, theminimum interval between block transfer reads (50ms) is the same asthe total input update time for each analog input module.

The RTD input module senses up to 6 RTD signals at its inputs andconverts them to corresponding temperature or resistance in 4–digitBCD or 16–bit binary format.

Module features include:

• Six resistance temperature detector inputs

• Reports oC, oF, or ohms for 100 ohm platinum or 10 ohm coppersensors

• Reports ohms for other types of sensors

• software configurable

• 0.1 degree/10 milliohm input resolution

• auto–calibration

• open wire detection

The module can be configured for 100 ohm platinum or 10 ohmcopper RTDs, or other sensor types such as 120 ohm nickel RTDs.Temperature ranges are available in degrees C or F. Values can alsobe measured in ohms.

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1–2 Overview of the RTD Input Module

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When using 10 ohm copper RTDs, you must dedicate your modulefor exclusive use with 10 ohm copper RTDs. You can configure themodule to accept signals from any combination of 100 ohm platinumand other types of non–copper RTDs. Both cases are determined byblock transfer write (BTW) selection.

The processor transfers data to and from the module using blocktransfer write (BTW) and block transfer read (BTR) instructions inyour ladder diagram program. These instructions let the processorobtain input values and status from the module, and let you establishthe module’s mode of operation (see below).

1. The processor transfers your configuration data and calibrationvalues to the module using a block transfer write instruction.

2. External devices generate analog signals that are transmitted tothe module.

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3. The module converts analog signals into binary or BCD format,and stores theses values until the processor requests theirtransfer.

4. When instructed by your ladder program, the processor performsa read block transfer of the values and stores them in a data table.

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1–3Overview of the RTD Input Module

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5. The processor and module determine that the transfer was madewithout error, and that input values are within specified range.

6. Your ladder program can use and/or move the data (if valid)before it is written over by the transfer of new data in asubsequent transfer.

7. Your ladder program should allow write block transfers to themodule only when enabled by the operator at power–up.

The accuracy of the input module is described in Appendix A.

In this chapter you read about the functional aspects of the inputmodule and how the module communicates with programmablecontrollers.

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1–4 Overview of the RTD Input Module

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This chapter gives you information on:

• calculating the chassis power requirement

• choosing the module’s location in the I/O chassis

• keying a chassis slot for your module

• wiring the input module’s field wiring arm

• installing the input module

Before installing your input module in the I/O chassis you must:

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The RTD input module is sensitive to electrostatic discharge.

!ATTENTION: Electrostatic discharge can damage integrated circuits or semiconductors if you touchbackplane connector pins. Follow these guidelineswhen you handle the module:

• Touch a grounded object to discharge static potential• Wear an approved wrist-strap grounding device• Do not touch the backplane connector or

connector pins• Do not touch circuit components inside the module• If available, use a static-safe work station• When not in use, keep the module in its

static-shield bag

This product has the CE mark and is approved for installation withinthe European Union and EEA regions. It has been designed andtested to meet the following directives.

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This product is tested to meet Council Directive 89/336/EECElectromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and the following standards,in whole or in part, documented in a technical construction file:

• EN 50081-2EMC – Generic Emission Standard, Part 2 – Industrial Environment

• EN 50082-2EMC – Generic Immunity Standard, Part 2 – Industrial Environment

This product is intended for use in an industrial environment.

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This product is tested to meet Council Directive 73/23/EECLow Voltage, by applying the safety requirements of EN 61131–2Programmable Controllers, Part 2 – Equipment Requirements andTests.

For specific information required by EN 61131-2, see the appropriatesections in this publication, as well as Allen-Bradley publication1770–4.1, Industrial Automation Wiring and Grounding Guidelines.

Open style devices must be provided with environmental and safetyprotection by proper mounting in enclosures designed for specificapplication conditions. See NEMA Standards publication 250 andIEC publication 529, as applicable, for explanations of the degrees ofprotection provided by different types of enclosure.

The module receives its power through the 1771 I/O power supplyand requires 950mA at 5V (4.75 Watts) from the backplane.

Add this current to the requirements of all other modules in the I/Ochassis to prevent overloading the chassis backplane and/orbackplane power supply.

You can place your module in any I/O module slot of the I/O chassisexcept for the extreme left slot. This slot is reserved for PCprocessors or adapter modules.

!ATTENTION: Do not insert or remove modules fromthe I/O chassis while system power is ON. Failure toobserve this rule could result in damage to modulecircuitry.

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2–3Installing the RTD Input Module

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Group your modules to minimize adverse affects from radiatedelectrical noise and heat. We recommend the following.

• Group analog input and low voltage dc modules away from acmodules or high voltage dc modules to minimize electrical noiseinterference.

• Do not place this module in the same I/O group with a discretehigh-density I/O module when using 2-slot addressing. Thismodule uses a byte in both the input and output image tables forblock transfer.

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Place your module in any slot in the chassisexcept the leftmost slot which is reserved forprocessors or adapters.

ATTENTION: Observe thefollowing precautions wheninserting or removing keys:

• insert or remove keys with your fingers

• make sure that key placement is correct

Incorrect keying or the use of atool can result in damage to thebackplane connector and possiblesystem faults.

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!ATTENTION: Remove power from the 1771 I/Ochassis backplane before you install the module.Failure to remove power from the backplane could cause:

• �module damage• �degradation of performance• �injury or equipment damage due to possible

unexpected operation

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Connect your I/O devices to the field wiring arm (cat. no. 1771-WF)shipped with the module.

!ATTENTION: Remove power from the 1771 I/Ochassis backplane and field wiring arm beforeremoving or installing an I/O module.

• Failure to remove power from the backplane orwiring arm could cause module damage, degradationof performance, or injury.

• Failure to remove power from the backplane couldcause injury or equipment damage due to possibleunexpected operation.

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Cable impedance –– Since the operating principle of the RTDmodule is based on the measurement of resistance, you must takespecial care in selecting your input cables. Select a cable that has aconsistent impedance throughout its entire length. We recommendBelden 9533 or equivalent. As cable length is directly related tooverall cable impedance, keep input cables as short as possible bylocating your I/O chassis as near the RTD sensors as I/O moduleconsiderations permit. Keep the cable free of kinks and nicks to theshielding material.

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Use the following diagrams to ground yourI/O chassis and isolated analog input module.Follow these steps to prepare the cable:

Refer to Wiring and Grounding Guidelines,publication 1770-4.1 for additionalinformation.

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The front panel of the RTD input module contains a green RUNindicator and a red FAULT indicator. At power-up, the modulemomentarily turns on both indicators as a lamp test, then checks for:

• correct RAM operation

• EPROM operation

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• a valid write block transfer with configuration data

If there is no fault, the red indicator turns off.

The green indicator comes on when the module is powered. It willflash until the module is programmed. If a fault is found initially oroccurs later, the red fault indicator lights. The module also reportsstatus and specific faults (if they occur) in every transfer of data(BTR) to the PC processor. Monitor the green and red indicators andstatus bits in word 1 of the BTR file when troubleshootingyour module.

In this chapter you learned how to install your input module in anexisting programmable controller system and how to wire to the fieldwiring arm.

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In this chapter, we describe

• Block Transfer programming

• Sample programs in the PLC–2, PLC–3 and PLC–5 processors

• Module scan time issues

Your module communicates with the processor through bidirectionalblock transfers. This is the sequential operation of both read andwrite block transfer instructions.

The block transfer write (BTW) instruction is initiated when theanalog module is first powered up, and subsequently only when theprogrammer wants to write a new configuration to the module. At allother times the module is basically in a repetitive block transfer read(BTR) mode.

The following example programs accomplish this handshakingroutine. These are minimum programs; all rungs and conditioningmust be included in your application program. You can disableBTRs, or add interlocks to prevent writes if desired. Do not eliminateany storage bits or interlocks included in the sample programs. Ifinterlocks are removed, the program may not work properly.

Your analog input module will work with a default configuration ofall zeroes entered in the configuration block. See the configurationdefault section to understand what this configuration looks like.Also, refer to Appendix B for example configuration blocks andinstruction addresses to get started.

Your program should monitor status bits (such as overrange,underrange) and block transfer read (BTR) activity.

The following example programs illustrate the minimumprogramming required for communication to take place.

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Note that PLC–2 processors that do not have the block transferinstruction must use the GET–GET block transfer format which isoutlined in Appendix D.

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Rung 1 – Block transfer read buffer: the file–to–file moveinstruction holds the block transfer read (BTR) data (file A) until theprocessor checks the data integrity.

1. If the data was successfully transferred, the processor energizesthe BTR done bit, initiating a data transfer to the buffer (file R)for use in the program.

2. If the data is corrupted during the BTR operation, the BTR donebit is not energized and data is not transferred to the buffer file. Inthis case, the data in the BTR file will be overwritten by datafrom the next BTR.

Rungs 2 and 3 – These rungs provide for a user–initiated blocktransfer write (BTW) after the module is initialized at power–up.Pressing the pushbutton locks out BTR operation and initiates aBTW that configures the module. Block transfer writes will continuefor as long as the pushbutton remains closed.

Rungs 4 and 5 – These rungs provide a ”read–write–read” sequenceto the module at power–up. They also insure that only one blocktransfer (read or write) is enabled during a particular program scan.

Rungs 6 and 7 – These rungs are the conditioning block transferrungs. Include all the input conditioning shown in the exampleprogram.


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Block transfer instructions with the PLC–3 processor use one binaryfile in a data table section for module location and other related data.This is the block transfer control file. The block transfer data filestores data that you want transferred to the module (whenprogramming a block transfer write) or from the module (whenprogramming a block transfer read). The address of the blocktransfer data files are stored in the block transfer control file.

The industrial terminal prompts you to create a control file when ablock transfer instruction is being programmed. The same blocktransfer control file is used for both the read and writeinstructions for your module. A different block transfer control fileis required for every module.

A sample program segment with block transfer instructions is shownand described below.

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At power–up, the user program examines the BTR done bit in theblock transfer read file, initiates a write block transfer to configurethe module, and then does consecutive read block transferscontinuously. The power–up bit can be examined and used anywherein the program.

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Rungs 1 and 2 – Rungs 1 and 2 are the block transfer read and writeinstructions. The BTR enable bit in rung 1, being false, initiates thefirst read block transfer. After the first read block transfer, themodule performs a block transfer write and then does continuousblock transfer reads until the pushbutton is used to request anotherblock transfer write. After this single block transfer write isperformed, the module returns to continuous block transfer readsautomatically.

The PLC–5 program is very similar to the PLC–3 program with thefollowing exceptions:

• You must use enable bits instead of done bits as the conditions oneach rung.

• A separate control file must be selected for each of the BTinstructions. Refer to Appendix B.

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Rungs 1 and 2 – At power–up, the program enables a block transferread and examines the power–up bit in the BTR file (rung 1). Then,it initiates one block transfer write to configure the module (rung 2).Thereafter, the program continuously reads data from the module(rung 1).

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A subsequent BTW operation is enabled by a pushbutton switch(rung 2). Changing processor mode will not initiate a block transferwrite unless the first pass bit is added to the BTW input conditions.

Scan time is defined as the amount of time it takes for the inputmodule to read the input channels and place new data into the databuffer. Scan time for your module is shown in specifications,appendix A.

The following description references the sequence numbers in Figure 3.4.

Following a block transfer write “1” the module inhibitscommunication until after it has configured the data and loadedcalibration constants “2”, scanned the inputs “3”, and filled the databuffer “4”. Write block transfers, therefore, should only beperformed when the module is being configured or calibrated.

Any time after the second scan begins “5”, a BTR request “6” canbe acknowledged.

When operated in real time sample mode (RTS) = 00, a BTR mayoccur at any time after “4.” When operated in RTS = T, a BTR willbe waived until ”T” milliseconds, at which time 1 BTR will bereleased.

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Internal Scan time = 50msecT = 100ms, 200ms, 300ms ... 3.1sec.

In this chapter, you learned how to program your programmablecontroller. You were given sample programs for your PLC–2, PLC–3and PLC–5 family processors.

You also read about module scan time.

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In this chapter you will read how to configure your module’shardware, condition your inputs and enter your data.

Because of the many analog devices available and the wide varietyof possible configurations, you must configure your module toconform to the analog device and specific application that you havechosen. Data is conditioned through a group of data table words thatare transferred to the module using a block transfer write instruction.

You can configure the following features for the 1771–IR series Dmodule:

• data format

• RTD type

• units of measure (oC, oF or ohms)

• real time sampling

• calibration

• bias

Configure your module for its intended operation by means of yourprogramming terminal and write block transfers (BTW).

Note: Programmable controllers that use 6200 softwareprogramming tools can take advantage of the IOCONFIG utility toconfigure this module. IOCONFIG uses menu–based screens forconfiguration without having to set individual bits in particularlocations. Refer to your 6200 software literature for details.

During normal operation, the processor transfers from 1 to 14 wordsto the module when you program a BTW instruction to the module’saddress. The BTW file contains configuration words, bias values,and calibration values that you enter for each channel. When a blocktransfer length of 0 is programmed, the 1771–IR/D will respondwith the Series A default of 14.

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You must indicate what format will be used to read data from yourmodule. Typically, BCD is selected with PLC–2 processors, andbinary (also referred to as integer or decimal) is selected with PLC–3and PLC–5 processors. See below and Appendix C for details onData Format.

Selecting Format for Reading Data

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The units of measure reported by the RTD module are selected bysetting bits 06–07 in BTW word 1.

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If any of bits 0–5 are set (1), the corresponding input channel will bereported in ohms.

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The real time sampling (RTS) mode of operation provides data froma fixed time period for use by the processor. RTS is invaluable fortime based functions (such as PID and totalization) in the PLC. Itallows accurate time based calculations in local or remote I/O racks.

In the RTS mode the module scans and updates its inputs at a userdefined time interval ( ∆T) instead of the default interval. Themodule ignores block transfer read (BTR) requests for data until thesample time period elapses. The BTR of a particular data setoccurs only once at the end of the sample period and subsequentrequests for transferred data are ignored by the module until a newdata set is available. If a BTR does not occur before the end of thenext RTS period, a time–out bit is set in the BTR status area. Whenset, this bit indicates that at least one data set was not transferred tothe processor. (The actual number of data sets missed is unknown.)The time–out bit is reset at the completion of the BTR.

Set appropriate bits in the BTW data file to enable the RTS mode.You can select RTS periods ranging from 100 milliseconds (ms) to3.1 seconds in increments of 100ms. Refer to the table below foractual bit settings. Note that the default mode of operation isimplemented by placing all zeroes in bits 13 through 17. In defaultmode, the sample time period is 50ms, and the RTS time–out isinhibited. Note that binary representation of the RTS bit string is theRTS period X 100ms. For example, 900msec = 01001 = (9 X100ms).

Bit Settings for the Real Time Sample Mode

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The complete configuration block for the block transfer write to themodule is defined in below.

Configuration Block for RTD Input Module Block Transfer Write

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Bit/word descriptions of BTW file words 1 (configuration), 2(resistance value of 10 ohm copper RTDs), 3 through 8 (individualchannel bias values) and 9 through 14 (individual channel calibrationwords) are presented below. Enter data into the BTW instructionafter entering the instruction into your ladder diagram.

Bit/Word Definitions for RTD Input Module

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If zeroes are written to the module in all configuration positions, themodule will default to:

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• 100 ohm platinum RTD

• temperature in degrees C

• real time sampling = inhibited (sample time = 50ms)

In this chapter you learned how to configure your module’shardware, condition your inputs and enter your data.

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In this chapter you will read about:

• reading data from your module

• input module read block format

Block transfer read programming moves status and data from theinput module to the processor’s data table in one I/O scan. Theprocessor user program initiates the request to transfer data from theinput module to the processor.

During normal operation, the read block transfer for this modulemoves up to 8 words from the RTD module in one program scan.The words contain module status and input data from each channel.When a block transfer length of 0 is programmed, the1771–IR/D will respond with the Series A default of 8 words.

The user program initiates the request to transfer data from the RTDmodule to the processor.

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In this chapter you learned the meaning of the status information thatthe RTD input module sends to the processor.

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5–4 Module Status and Input Data

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In this chapter we tell you how to calibrate your modules.

In order to calibrate your input module you will need the followingtools and equipment:

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You must calibrate the module in an I/O chassis. The module mustcommunicate with the processor and industrial terminal.

Before calibrating your module, you must enter ladder logic into theprocessor memory, so that you can initiate BTWs to the module, andthe processor can read inputs from the module.

Calibration can be accomplished using either of two methods:

• auto–calibration

• manual calibration

Auto–calibration calibrates the input by generating offset and gaincorrection values and storing them in EEPROM. These values areread out of EEPROM and placed in RAM memory at initialization ofthe module.

The auto–calibration routine operates as follows:

– Whenever a block transfer write (BTW) is performed to themodule (any time after the module has been powered up),it interrogates word 15 for a request for auto–calibration.

– The request can be for the following: offset calibration,gain calibration, save operation (save to EEPROM).

When using auto–calibration, write transfer calibration words 9through 14 must contain zeroes.

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Calibration of the module consists of applying 1.00 ohm resistanceacross each input channel for offset calibration, and 402.00 ohmacross each input channel for gain correction.

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Normally all inputs are calibrated together. To calibrate the offset ofan input, proceed as follows:

1. Connect 1.00 ohm resistors across each input channel as shown inFigure 6.1.

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2. Apply power to the module.

3. After the connections stabilize, request the offset calibration bysetting bit 00 in block transfer write word 15 and sending a blocktransfer write to the module. Refer to the table below.

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6–3Calibrating Your Module

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NOTE: Normally, all channels are calibrated simultaneously (bits10–15 of word 15 are octal 0). To disable calibration on any channel,set (1) the corresponding bit 10 through 15 of word 15.

4. Queue block transfer reads (BTRs) to monitor for offsetcalibration complete and any channels which may have notcalibrated successfully. Refer to the table below.

Read Block Transfer Word 9

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Calibrating gain requires that you apply 402.00 ohms across eachinput channel.

Normally all inputs are calibrated together. To calibrate the gain ofan input, proceed as follows:

1. Connect 402.00 ohm resistors across each input channel as shownin Figure 6.2 below.

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2. Apply power to the module.

3. After the connections stabilize, request the gain calibration bysetting bit 01 in BTW word 15 and sending a block transfer write(BTW) to the module.

NOTE: Normally, all channels are calibrated simultaneously (bits10–15 of word 15 are octal 0). To disable calibration on any channel,set (1) the corresponding bit 10 through 15 of word 15.


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4. Queue BTRs to monitor for gain calibration complete andchannels which may not have calibrated successfully.

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If any ”uncalibrated channel” bits (bits 10–15 of BTR word 9) areset, a save cannot occur. Auto–calibration should be performedagain, starting with offset calibration. If the module has a faultychannel, the remaining functioning channels can be calibrated byinhibiting calibration on the faulty channel.

The module can be run with the new calibration values, but will losethem on power down. To save these values, proceed as follows:

1. Request a ”save to EEPROM” by setting bit 02 in BTW word 15and sending the BTW to the module (see below).

Write Block Transfer Word 15

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2. Queue BTRs to monitor for ”save complete”, ”EEPROM fault”and ”calibration fault.” An EEPROM fault indicates anonoperative EEPROM; a calibration fault indicates at least onechannel was not properly offset or gain calibrated and a save didnot occur.

Note: During normal operation, make sure bits 00, 01 and 02 ofBTW word 15 are zero (0).

You calibrate each channel by applying a precision resistance acrosseach channel, comparing correct with actual results, and enteringcorrection into the corresponding calibration word for that channel.The correction takes affect after it is transferred to the module by thecorresponding BTW instruction in your ladder diagram program.Always start with offset adjustment followed by gain adjustment.

Before calibrating the module, you must enter ladder logic intoprocessor memory, so that you can initiate write block transfers tothe module, and the processor can read inputs from the module.

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Words 9 through 14 in the write block transfer file are the modulecalibration words. Word 9 corresponds to channel 1, word 10 tochannel 2, and so on. Each word is composed of two bytes: the upperbyte is for offset correction and the lower byte is for gain correction.Refer to the table below.

Module Calibration Words

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Enter the information for each byte in signed magnitude binaryformat. In each byte, the most significant bit (bits 17, 7) is a polaritybit. When the polarity bit is set (1), the module anticipates a negativecalibration value.

A negative calibration value means that your readings are too highand you want to subtract a corrective amount from that reading.

A positive calibration value means that your readings are too lowand you want to add a corrective amount to that reading.

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1. Attach the 1.00 ohm, 1% resistors as shown in Figure 6.1.

2. Examine word 3 (channel 1 data) in the read block transfer file.Note the value. It should be around 1.00 (100 for 10 mohmresolution; 33 for 30 mohm resolution).

3. Examine word 9 of the write block transfer data file. Bits 16–10make up the offset correction byte. Bit 17 is the sign bit.

4. Subtract the data value that you noted in step 2 from 100. Thedifference should be within +127 to –127. If it is not, the requiredcorrection is beyond the range of software calibration. If thedifference is within range, input the difference (positive ornegative), in binary form, in bits 17–10 of word 9 in the writeblock transfer file.

For example, if, at 1.00 ohm, word 3 of the read block transferdata file shows 147, you would subtract 147 from 100, whichequals –47. You would then enter 10101111 (–47) in the upperbyte of word 9. The leading 1 (bit 17) is the polarity bit. Itindicates a negative correction factor. That is, you want tosubtract 47 counts from your input data. The lower byte remains00 during offset calibration.

5. Repeat above steps for channels 2 through 6 respectively.

6. Apply the values by sending a BTW to the module.

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1. Connect the 402.00, .01% resistors to the swing arm as shown inFigure 6.2.

2. Place the module in platinum ohm mode. This provides 30 mohmresolution display.

3. Examine word 3 of the read block transfer data file. It should bearound 13400 decimal. Your actual value will be a percentage of13400.

For example, if the data in word 3 is 13408, then: (13400–13408)/134000 = –0.000597. Your actual data value differs from the theoretical value (at402.0 ohms input resistance) by –0.000597, or –0.0597%.

You can compensate for this error by entering the percentagedifference in binary coded fraction form. Table 6.A lists thevalue for bits 7–0.


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You use the values that most nearly add up to the percentage that youdetermined in step 8. For example, to attain the value of 0.0597%,you need to add:

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As you can see, 0.0595 is smaller than 0.0597, but this value is asclose as you can come using the 7 possible values listed in Table 6.A.

You would enter 10100111 in the lower byte of word 9. This sets bits05, 02, 01 and 00, which subtracts a gain correction of 0.0595% fromthe actual input data value.

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4. Repeat above steps for channels 2 through 6.

5. Apply the values by sending a BTW to the module.

In this chapter, you learned how to calibrate your input module.�� !

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We describe how to troubleshoot your module by observing LEDindicators and by monitoring status bits reported to the processor.

At power–up, the module momentarily turns on both indicators as alamp test, then checks for

• correct RAM operation

• EPROM operation

• EEPROM operation

• a valid write block transfer with configuration data

Thereafter, the module lights the green RUN indicator whenoperating without fault, or lights the red fault (FLT) indicator whenit detects fault conditions. If the red FLT indicator is on, blocktransfer will be inhibited.

The module also reports status and specific faults (if they occur) inevery transfer of data to the PC processor. Monitor the green andred indicators and the status bits in word 1 of the BTR file whentroubleshooting your module.

Indicators

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This module uses a read block transfer to transmit data and tomonitor module and data status. Word 1 of the read block transferdata file contains module status, power–up, and data out–of–rangeinformation. Word 2 contains data polarity and overflowinformation. Words 3 through 8 are data words.

Table 7.A shows indications and probable causes and recommendedactions to correct common faults.

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7–2 Troubleshooting

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Status Reported in Words 1 and 2

Design your program to monitor status bits in words 1 and 2, and totake appropriate action depending on your application requirements.You may also want to monitor these bits while troubleshooting withyour industrial terminal. The module sets a bit (1) to indicate it hasdetected one or more of the following conditions.

Status Reported in Words 1 and 2

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Status Reported in Word 9

Design your program to monitor status bits in word 9 duringcalibration, and to take appropriate action depending on yourrequirements. You may also want to monitor these bits whiletroubleshooting with your industrial terminal. The module sets a bit(1) to indicate it has detected one or more of the followingconditions.

Status Reported in Word 13

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In this chapter, you learned how to interpret the LED statusindicators and troubleshoot your input module.

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7–4 Troubleshooting

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The following are sample programs for entering data in theconfiguration words of the write block transfer instruction whenusing the PLC–2, PLC–3 or PLC–5 family processors.

To enter data in the configuration words, follow these steps. NOTE:For complete programming sample, refer to Figure 4.1.

Example:Enter the following rung for a write block transfer:

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Programming ExamplesB–2

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Use the above procedure to enter the required words of the writeblock transfer instruction. Be aware that the block length will dependon the number of channels selected and whether biasing and/orcalibration is or is not performed; for example, the block maycontain only 1 word if no bias or calibration is performed but maycontain 14 words if using 6 inputs with bias and calibration. ThePLC–2 family write block transfer data file should look likeFigure B.1.

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Following is a sample procedure for entering data in theconfiguration words of the write block transfer instruction whenusing a PLC–3 processor. For a complete sample program, refer toFigure 4.2.

To enter data in the configuration words, follow these steps:

Example:Enter the following rung for a write block transfer:

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Programming Examples B–3

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1. Press [SHIFT][MODE] to display your ladder diagram on theindustrial terminal.

2. Press DD,03:0[ENTER] to display the block transfer write file.

The industrial terminal screen should look like Figure B.2. Noticethe highlighted block of zeroes. This highlighted block is the cursor.It should be in the same place as it appears in figure B.2. If it is not,you can move it to the desired position with the cursor control keys.Once you have the highlighted cursor in the right place, you can goon to step 3.

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3. Enter the data corresponding to your bit selection in word 0.

4. When you have entered your data, press [ENTER]. If you make amistake, make sure the cursor is over the word you desire tochange. Enter the correct data and press [ENTER].

5. Press [CANCEL COMMAND]. This returns you to the ladderdiagram.

The following is a sample procedure for entering data in theconfiguration words of the block transfer write instruction whenusing a PLC–5 processor. For a complete sample program, refer toFigure 4.3.

1. Enter the following rung:

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Programming ExamplesB–4

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2. Press [F8],[F5] and enter N7:60 to display the configurationblock.

The industrial terminal screen should like figure B.3.

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The above data file would configure the module as follow:

• copper RTDs on all inputs

• temperature scale of Fahrenheit

• channel 1 displayed in ohms

• output data in BCD format

• real time sampling set to a 1 second scan rate

• copper RTD at 25oC is 9.76 ohms

• all bias values set to subtract 0150

• all calibration values set to 0

3. Enter the data corresponding to your bit selections.

4. [ESC] returns you to the main menu.

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The 4–digit BCD format uses an arrangement of 16 binary digits torepresent a 4–digit decimal number from 0000 to 9999 (figure C.1).The BCD format is used when the input values are to be displayedfor operator viewing. Each group of four binary digits is used torepresent a number from 0 to 9. The place values for each group ofdigits are 20, 21, 22 and 23 (NO TAG). The decimal equivalent for agroup of four binary digits is determined by multiplying the binarydigit by its corresponding place value and adding these numbers.

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Signed–magnitude binary is a means of communicating numbers toyour processsor. It should be used with the PLC–2 family whenperforming computations in the processor. It cannot be used tomanipulate binary 12–bit values or negative values.

Example: The following binary number is equal to decimal 22.

101102 = 2210

The signed–magnitude method places an extra bit (sign bit) in theleft–most position and lets this bit determine whether the number ispositive or negative. The number is positive if the sign bit is 0 andnegative if the sign bit is 1. Using the signed magnitude method:

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Two’s complement binary is used with PLC–3 processors whenperforming mathematical calculations internal to the processor. Tocomplement a number means to change it to a negative number. Forexample, the following binary number is equal to decimal 22.

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First, the two’s complement method places an extra bit (sign bit) inthe left–most position, and lets this bit determine whether thenumber is positive or negative. The number is positive if the sign bitis 0 and negative if the sign bit is 1. Using the complement method:

0 10110 = 22

To get the negative using the two’s complement method, you mustinvert each bit from right to left after the first ”1” is detected.

In the above example:

0 10110 = +22

Its two’s complement would be:

1 01010 = –22

Note that in the above representation for +22, starting from the right,the first digit is a 0 so it is not inverted; the second digit is a 1 so it isnot inverted. All digits after this one are inverted.

If a negative number is given in two’s complement, its complement(a positive number) is found in the same way:

1 10010 = –140 01110 = +14

All bits from right to left are inverted after the first ”1” is detected.

The two’s complement of 0 is not found, since no first ”1” is everencountered in the number. The two’s complement of 0 then is still 0.

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Data Table FormatsC–4

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Programming multiple GET instructions is similar to block formatinstructions programmed for other PLC–2 family processors. Thedata table maps are identical, and the way information is addressedand stored in processor memory is the same. The only difference isin how you set up block transfer read instructions in your program.

For multiple GET instructions, individual rungs of ladder logic areused instead of a single rung with a block transfer instruction. Asample rung using multiple GET instructions is shown in Figure D.1and described in the following paragraphs.

Rung 1: This rung is used to set four conditions.

• Examine On Instruction (113/02) – This is an optionalinstruction. When used, block transfers will only be initiatedwhen a certain action takes place. If you do not use thisinstruction, block transfers will be initiated every I/O scan.

• First GET Instruction (030/120) – identifies the module’sphysical address (120) by rack, group and slot; and where in theaccumulated area of the data table this data is to be stored (030).

• Second GET Instruction (130/060) – indicates the address of thefirst word of the file (060) that designates where the data will betransferred. The file address is stored in word 130, 1008 above thedata address.

• Output Energize Instruction (012/07) – enables the blocktransfer read operation. If all conditions of the rung are true, theblock transfer read enable bit (07) is set in the output image datatable control byte. The output image table control byte containsthe read enable bit and the number of words to be transferred. Theoutput energize instruction is defined as follows:

– ”0” indicates that it is an output instruction

– ”1” indicates the I/O rack address

– ”2” indicates the module group location within the rack

– ”07” indicates this is a block transfer read operation (if thiswere a block transfer write operation, ”07” would bereplaced by ”06”.)

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Rungs 2 and 3: These output energize instructions (012/01 and012/02) define the number of words to be transferred. This isaccomplished by setting a binary bit pattern in the module’s outputimage table control byte. The binary bit pattern used (bits 01 and 02energized) is equivalent to 6 words or channels, and is expressed as110 in binary notation.

Rung Summary: Once the block transfer read operation iscomplete, the processor automatically sets bit 07 in the input imagetable status byte and stores the block length of the data transferred.

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The input module transfers a specific number of words in one blocklength. The number of words transferred is determined by the blocklength entered in the output image table control byte correspondingto the module’s address.

The bits in the output image table control byte (bits 00 – 05) must beprogrammed to specify a binary value equal to the number of wordsto be transferred.

For example, Figure D.2 shows if your input module is set up totransfer 6 words, you would set bits 01 and 02 of the lower imagetable control byte. The binary equivalent of 6 words is 000110. Youwould also set bit 07 when programming the module for blocktransfer read operations. Bit 06 is used when block transfer writeoperations are required.

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You can connect 2–wire and 4–wire sensors to the RTD module.Before we show you how to do this, let’s examine the differencesbetween 2, 3 and 4–wire sensors.

A 2–wire sensor is composed of just that; a sensor and 2 lead wires.Its schematic representation is shown below.

Connections for a 2–Wire Sensor

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A sensor requires at least three leads to compensate for leadresistance error, that is, an error caused by resistance mismatchbetween the lead wires.

Therefore, a 2–wire sensor cannot provide compensation for errorcaused by lead wire resistance. We do not recommend that you use2–wire sensors.

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Three–wire and 4–wire sensors compensate for lead resistance error.Their schematic representation is shown below. The amount of errorelimination depends upon the difference between the resistancevalues of the lead wires. The closer the resistance values are to eachother, the greater the amount of error that is eliminated.

Connections for 3 and 4–Wire Sensors

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There are several ways to insure that the lead resistance values matchas closely as possible. They are:

• use heavy gauge wire (16–18 gauge)

• keep lead distances less than 1000 feet

• use quality cable that has a small tolerance impedance rating.

2 and 4–Wire RTD Sensors E–3

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The illustration below shows how to connect 4–wire sensors to thefield wiring arm of the RTD Input module. A 4–wire sensor has twopairs of leads; one pair for each resistor junction. One wire of the 4 isnot used (it does not matter which one). This leaves 3 wires – onepair and one single wire. You must connect the single wire to theterminal marked ”A”. You connect the remaining pair of wires toterminals ”B” and ”C”. It doesn’t matter which wire of the pairconnects to terminal ”B” and which wire connects to terminal ”C” solong as all 3 wires are the same AWG gauge.

Connecting a 4–Wire Sensor to the Field Wiring Arm

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The following is a list of major changes from Series A to Series B, Cand D RTD Input Module (cat. no. 1771–IR).

• The customer applied “10 ohm resistance value @ 0oC” isnow “10 ohm resistance value @ 25oC” with a range of 9.00 to11.00 ohms.

• Calibration is now done automatically using the auto–calibrationfeature, or manually through programming.

• Auto–calibration is done at 1.00 ohm and 402.0 ohms. Manualsoftware calibration is done at 1.00 and 402.00 ohms (not 18.83and 375.61 ohms). The module should be configured for platinumohms display, not temperature, during the calibration procedure.

• If EEPROM read of the auto–calibration values fails, BTRWORD 1 bit 7 is asserted.

• RTS can be reduced to 100ms by programming RTS = 1.

• The default RTS setting at power up is inhibited and data isavailable every 50ms for Series B (was 300ms for Series A).

• Backplane power is approximately 0.85A at 5V. Series A was1.0A at 5V.

• Accuracy specifications over RANGE and TEMPERATURE are:

Typical Copper = + 4.91oC Platinum = + 2.60oC OHM = + 0.82 Ohms

• User offset calibration range is +1.29 ohms maximum. Series Awas +3.81 ohms. Offset correction is 10.2mohms/bit. User gaincorrection is now 0.00152588%/LSB for a maximum of+0.193787%.

• Multiple BTRs may occur before configuration of the module.

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Differences Between Series A RTD Modules and Series B. C and D RTD Input ModulesF–2

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• When displaying copper (10mohm/bit resolution) in ohms, theresistance will be provided up to 327.67 ohms at which point anoverrange will occur (overrange on the Series A was 20.72ohms). Platinum (30mohm/bit resolution) will over range at600.00 ohms but continue to measure until the input saturates(Series A was 399.99 ohms). Underrange for the Series B will be1 ohm but continue to display until the input can no longer track.The Series A underranged at copper – 1.17 ohms; platinum –18.39 ohms. The Series B continues to track beyond the under oroverrange, except overrange on copper which clamps at 327.67ohms. The Series A clamped the reading at the under oroverrange value.

• Open RTD detection (excitation signal disconnected) will flag anOverrange instead of Underrange.

• Open RTD detection is < 0.5 seconds.

• Overrange will continue to function as a flag, even if singlechannel ohms has been requested.

• When a channel is displaying temperature and an overrangeis detected, BTR temperature data for that channel will beclamped at the RTD maximum temperature (Platinum – 870oCor 598oF with Overflow, if customer bias has not been applied;Copper – 260oC or 500oF).

• A block transfer with a word length of 00 will return with theSeries A block transfer default length (14 for a write; 8 for aread). To access the auto–calibration word, the block transferlength must be set to 15 for a write and 9 for a read.

• Auto–calibration can be performed on all channelssimultaneously or on selected channels. In either case, channelsbeing calibrated must be connected to the precision calibrationresistors.

• The Series B module requires approximately 2 seconds to powerup.

• The red LED is illuminated and the green LED is extinguished ifthe watchdog timer times out.

• This module employs a digital filter with 120dB/decaderolloff from a corner frequency of 8 Hz.

• This Series B module is NOT compatible with the 1771–EXextender board. Use the 1771–EZ extender board with Series B.

• Platinum RTD tables are based on IEC751 alpha = .00385. The1771–IR/A was based on MINCO Products, Inc measurements ofIEC751 RTDs.

• If the module is programmed for RTS = 0 and the PLC isswitched from run to program and back to run, an RTS timeout isinhibited on the change from program to run.

• In ohms mode, bias is able to produce a negative result.

Differences Between Series A RTD Modules and Series B. C and D RTD Input Modules F–3

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• Allowable ambient temperature change to maintain accuracy is1oC/min.

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˜ ˆ ˚ ˇ˛˝ - Rockwell Automation...˘1˜(& ˚0&+* 6 ˚. % This manual shows you how to use your RTD input module with an Allen–Bradley programmable controller. It helps you