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Oikos Editorial Office
Apometzgeria Pubescens (Schrank) Kuwah. in SwedenAuthor(s): Tomas HallingbäckSource: Lindbergia, Vol. 18, No. 3 (1993), pp. 111-112Published by: Oikos Editorial OfficeStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20149845 .
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LINDBERGIA 18: 111-112. Lund 1993
Apometzgeria pubescens (Schrank) Kuwah. in Sweden
Tomas Hallingb?ck
?Hallingb?ck, T. 1993. Apometzgeria pubescens (Schrank) Kuwah. in Sweden. - Lind
Apometzgeria pubescens is reported new to Sweden. Its distribution and ecology is
briefly discussed.
T. Hallingb?ck, Dept of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish Univ. of Agrie. Sei., P. O. Box 7072, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
~ BnepBtie 3aperacrpHp0BaHa b UIbcuhh Apometzgeria pubescens.
Kpaneo oGcyxAaioTai ee pacnpocrpaHeroie h oKOJioraa.
During an excursion in the vicinity of Huskvarna, Sm?
land, southern Sweden, 10 Aug 1993, a peculiar pu bescent Metzgeria was found, which proved to be Apo
metzgeria pubescens. The closest occurrence of that spe
cies is in the Oslo region of Norway, ca 400 km north-west of the Swedish site. Because it is new to
Sweden, the surprising occurrence of this species in Swe
den is considered below, followed by a comparison of its local and usual ecology and by a consideration of its main distribution.
The new Swedish occurrence
Apometzgeria pubescens was found ca 5 km N of the city of Huskvarna (57?50'N, 14?16'E) in the northern part of the province Sm?land. It occurred together with Lejeunea cavifolia on a vertical rock-wall, above the upper edge of
a N-exposed, mesic and rocky slope, shaded by decid
uous trees, at an altitude of ca 120 m. The rocks were
gabbro or diorite and the walls were covered with a rather thick mat of bryophytes, mainly Anomodoi) viticulosus,
Cirriphyllum crassinervium, Lejeunea cavifolia, Neckera
complanata and Porella platyphylla. The Apometzgeria plants seemed to be in a healthy condition, but sterile.
Accepted 21 January 1994
? LINDBERGIA
LINDBERGIA 18:3 (1993)
Distribution
Apometzgeria pubescens has a scattered holarctic and
even bipolar distribution, including Europe, Asia (Tur
key, boreal Russia, Sakhalin, the Himalayas, China, Ko
rea, Japan), North America (in the West from Alaska to
Washington and Oregon, in the East from Maine to N.
Carolina) and South America (Engel 1978). Kuwahara
(1965) has furthermore reported a var. kinabaluensis from Borneo.
In Europe it is considered boreal-montane, with scat
tered occurrences from southern Italy, Sicily to southern
Norway and from Ireland in the West to the Caucasus in the East (see map in Szweykowski 1962). In central
Europe it is found at low to medium high altitudes (e. g. alt. 200-700 m in former Czechoslovakia, Duda and Vana 1988), while in the western and northern part of
Europe it occurs at lower altitudes. In the Nordic coun
tries it occurrs scattered in Norway, north to Nordland
(ca 66?N.), occurring from sea-level to at least 1200 m; in eastern Norway only found in regions of steep topog
raphy, e. g., north of Oslo (J?rgensen 1934).
Ill
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Discussion
Apometzgeria pubescens has a holarctic, bipolar distribu
tion, with a disjunct population in southern Chile (see map in Schuster 1983). Schuster (1983) explained its distribution by assuming a wider circum-Laurasian distri
bution prior to the Pleistocene, based on the fact that it
today mainly occurs in unglaciated areas. However there
are recent reports of it from several boreal districts of
Russia (Konstantinova et al. 1992) and it is known from more than fifty localities in the boreal part of Norway (J?rgensen 1934) all of which, as well as the new site in
Sweden, were certainly covered by ice during the last
glaciation. Apometzgeria pubescens must have invaded
these northern and eastern areas of Europe after the Pleis
tocene even though this species is dioicous and spores are
rarely produced and it furthermore lacks vegetative prop
agation, all factors limiting its dispersal potential.
Local ecology The occurrence of Apometzgeria pubescens in Sweden is
somewhat surprising as it in Norway prefers the south
western part, with a yearly precipitation of ca 2000 mm,
whereas at the Swedish site precipitation is only ca
600 mm. However, a closer study of the occurrences in
Norway reveals some few occurrences in the Oslo region, with a yearly precipitation similar to the Huskvarna local
ity.
The new site in Sweden was unexpected because the
station is isolated from the main distribution area in
Scandinavia, and also because the bedrock is not lime
stone but a granite with inclusions of gabbro and diorite.
Gabbro and diorite usually contain more calcium carbon
ate than does granite (Lars Persson , Swedish Geological
Survey, Uppsala, pers. comm.).
Acknowledgement -
Many thanks to K. Damsholt for confirm
ing the specimen and for constructive comments on the manu
script.
References
Duda, J. and Vana, J. 1988. Die Verbreitung der Lebermoose in
der Tschechoslovakei - LI. - Cas. Siez. Muz. Opava (A), 37:
17-32.
Engel, J. J. 1978. A taxonomic and phytogeographic study of Brunswick Peninsula (Strait of Magellan). Hepaticae and
Anthocerotae. - Fieldiana (Botany) 41: i-viii, 1-319.
J?rgensen, E. 1934. Norges Levermossor. - Bergens Museums
Skr. 16: 1-340.
Konstantinova, N. A., Potemkin, A. D. and Schljakov, R. N,. 1992. Check-list of the Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of the
former USSR. - Arctoa 1: 87-127.
Kuwahara, 1965. The Metzgeriaceae of Mt. Kinabalu, North
Borneo. - J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 28: 166-170.
Schuster, R. M. 1983. Phytogeography of the bryophyta. p. 464-506. -In: New Manual of Bryology Vol. 1. The Hattori
Bot. Lab. Nichinan, Miyazaki, Japan.
Szweykowski, J. 1962. Atlas of geographical distribution of
sporeplants in Poland. - Ser. 4. Liverworts (Hepaticae). 1-7.
Poznan.
112 LINDBERGIA 18:3 (1993)
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