Behandlung von Kollagen und dessen Derivaten in Kunststoffverarbeitungsmaschinen

Dr. Michael Meyer

Second Life - Verwertungswege für biogene Stoffströme 15. November 2017, Bingen

FILK im Überblick

Unabhängig und außeruniversitär

gemeinnützig

Angewandte, industrienahe F & E

An-Institut der TU Bergakademie Freiberg

Ca. 125 Mitarbeiter

Über 70 laufende Projekte

3 Fachbereiche:

Kunststoffbeschichtungen

Leder / Kollagen / Biopolymere

Materialcharakterisierung

Kollagenanwendungen historisch

Universalwerkstoff - heute meist durch Kunststoffe ersetzt

Moderne Verwendung von Kollagen

5

20100

6

1.000

100.000

100

20

3

€/kg collagen

Technologies of Collagen Processing

Fibrillar

Materials

Thermoplastic

Collagen

Denaturat.

Extrusion

Grinding

Purification

LeatherSoluble

Collagen

Extraction

T < TD T > TD

Unhairing

Drying

Wet end

Tanning

Bating

Purification

Precipitate

Extraction

Purification

X-linking

Purification

Casting

Homogen

Mincing

Hide (bovine, porcine, equine, fish)

Gelatine

Drying

Concentrat.

Refibrillation

pH-Adjust

Casting

Fibrillar

Materials

Liming

Purification

Evaporation

Washing

Gelling

Drying

Drying

Drying

Drying

Eigenschaft / Material vern

etzt

e B

löss

e (L

eder

)

Blö

sse

(haa

rfre

ie H

aut)

Lösl

. Ko

llage

n

Fib

rillä

res

Kolla

gen

(D

isp

ersi

on

)

ther

mo

pla

stis

ches

Ko

llage

n

Gel

atin

e

löslich

nativ (Tripelhelix i.O.)

biologisch abbaubar

fibrillär

biokompatibel

implantierbar ?

thermoplastisch

hydroplastisch

Kollagenmaterialien - Eigenschaften

http://www.maschinenbau-wissen.de/skript3/werkstofftechnik/kunststoffe/387-kunststoffverarbeitung

Kunststoffmaschinen / Verarbeitungstechnologien

Extrusion / Spritzguss

Formenguss

Additive Manufacturing(3D Plotten; Printing)

Meyer, M., Mühlbach, R. & Harzer, D. Solubilisation of cattle hide collagen by thermo-mechanical treatment. Polymer Degradation and Stability 87, 137–142 (2005)Meyer, M., Baltzer, H., & Schwikal, K. Collagen fibres by thermoplastic and wet spinning. Materials Science and Engineering: C 30, 1266–1271 (2010)Klüver, E. & Meyer, M. Thermoplastic processing, rheology, and extrudate properties of wheat, soy, and pea proteins. Polymer Engineering & Science (2014)Klüver, E. & Meyer, M. Preparation, processing, and rheology of thermoplastic collagen. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 128, 4201–4211 (2013).Meyer, M. & Schröpfer, M. Collagen Materials–Collagen Processing. Technical Freedom and Scientific Challenges when Transforming Collagen into Final Materials. (2013). Heidemann LectureGillen, S. et al. Educational and training aspects of new surgical techniques: experience with the endoscopic–laparoscopic interdisciplinary training entity (ELITE) model in training for a natural

orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) approach to appendectomy. Surgical Endoscopy 26, 2376–2382 (2012).Prade, I., et al., 3D printing of human sized tissue structures using decellularized ECM fibres. Vortrag DGBM Tagung 2017

Technologies of Collagen Processing

Fibrillar

Materials

Thermoplastic

Collagen

Denaturat.

Extrusion

Grinding

Purification

LeatherSoluble

Collagen

Extraction

T < TD T > TD

Unhairing

Drying

Wet end

Tanning

Bating

Purification

Precipitate

Extraction

Purification

X-linking

Purification

Casting

Homogen

Mincing

Hide (bovine, porcine, equine, fish)

Gelatine

Drying

Concentrat.

Refibrillation

pH-Adjust

Casting

Fibrillar

Materials

Liming

Purification

Evaporation

Washing

Gelling

Drying

Drying

Drying

Drying

Spritzguss: Thermoplastisches Kollagen - 3D Formkörper

Extrusion / Kalandrieren: Thermoplastisches Kollagen - Fadenmaterialien

Abbildung, Dr. Bräuer, TITK Rudolstadt

Abbildung, Dr. Bräuer,

TITK Rudolstadt

Folienblasen: Thermoplastisches Kollagen - Folien

Folienblasen / Kaschieren: Thermoplastisches Kollagen -Kompositmaterialien

Technologies of Collagen Processing

Fibrillar

Materials

Thermoplastic

Collagen

Denaturat.

Extrusion

Grinding

Purification

LeatherSoluble

Collagen

Extraction

T < TD T > TD

Unhairing

Drying

Wet end

Tanning

Bating

Purification

Precipitate

Extraction

Purification

X-linking

Purification

Casting

Homogen

Mincing

Hide (bovine, porcine, equine, fish)

Gelatine

Drying

Concentrat.

Refibrillation

pH-Adjust

Casting

Fibrillar

Materials

Liming

Purification

Evaporation

Washing

Gelling

Drying

Drying

Drying

Drying

Formguss – thermoplastisches Kollagen / Gelatine / Fibrilläres Material : Modellorgane

- Gallenblasenentnahme- Blinddarmentnahme- Darm- Gastroskopie

Der Benefit:diagnostisch und chirurgisch real

Technologies of Collagen Processing

Fibrillar

Materials

Thermoplastic

Collagen

Denaturat.

Extrusion

Grinding

Purification

LeatherSoluble

Collagen

Extraction

T < TD T > TD

Unhairing

Drying

Wet end

Tanning

Bating

Purification

Precipitate

Extraction

Purification

X-linking

Purification

Casting

Homogen

Mincing

Hide (bovine, porcine, equine, fish)

Gelatine

Drying

Concentrat.

Refibrillation

pH-Adjust

Casting

Fibrillar

Materials

Liming

Purification

Evaporation

Washing

Gelling

Drying

Drying

Drying

Drying

Manufacturing of collagen based prosthesisby direct 3D plotting and printing

Inkjet printingExtrusion/Bioplotting

Technology

Porcine skin Chemical Treatment

Mincing / additives

3D plotting

7 min later

Decellularized skin

The process

Seeded ears in cell culturesolution

Seeding with cells

Open challenge: Vascularisation

Requirement: nosettling of cells; high survival rate

Extrusion Dehydration Drying

100 % ethanol

First results: Manufacturing of preformed vessels as collagen hollow fibres

Zusammenfassung / Bewertung

Materialeigenschaften- Kollagen ist ein universell zu verarbeitender Rohstoff.- Aber: Sonderstellung unter Proteinen: Thermoplastisch verarbeitbar (Ggs zu Soja, Gluten etc.)- Kollagen ist hydrophil- Kollagen ist zytokompatibel und nicht immunogen

Wettbewerb bzgl technischer Eigenschaften (Synthetische / natürliche Polymere)

Markt- Kollagen wird bereits umfassend als Rohstoff genutzt!- Kollagenmarkt ist (meist) ein Verkäufermarkt.- Kollagenmarkt korreliert direkt mit der Fleischerzeugung.

Preiswettbewerb (Synthetische / natürliche Polymere)

Medizinprodukte

Division Leather and Applied Collagen Research at FILK

Specialists:Chemists, physicists, biologists, engineers, technicians for leather, chemistry and biology

Pilot Plants: Labs:Tannery Wet chemistryClean room Biochemistry

Molecular BiologyMicrobiologyCell biology

Results stem from projects that havebeen funded by BMBF and BMWi

FILK: aerial view