45

2 Analytic Framework

PSA

AF1

PSAPSA

PSA+ +AF2

12 PSA PSA

1

2

3

4

5

6

7PSA

PSA

+

8

( )

46

AF31

2

AF41234

AF51

AF6123

AF7

AF8

123

47

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES

NO NO

NO

NO

NOYES

NO

NO

48

4

C 12

49

1

(Population-based screening Opportunistic screening

2 2005 Organized screening 2006 Population-based screening)

Organized screening)

3

1 (Organized Screening)

50

51

3

12

A B C D I

3

1 2 3I

1-/2

-/3/4

1++/

1+/2

++/2

+

1++/

1+/2

++/2

+

1++/

1+

2++/

2+

52

4M

ED

LIN

E20

0610

1

Ana

lytic

Fra

mew

ork

(

1E

nglis

hpr

osta

tic n

eopl

asm

s/m

orta

lity[

maj

r] A

ND

mas

s scr

eeni

ng[m

h] A

ND

198

5:20

06/1

0/01

[dp]

AN

Dha

sabs

trac

t[tex

t] A

ND

"hu

man

s"[M

eSH

Ter

ms]

NO

T (r

evie

w[p

t] O

R e

dito

rial

[pt])

374

2E

nglis

h((h

igh

AN

D r

isk

AN

D p

opul

atio

n) O

R (t

arge

t AN

D p

opul

atio

n)) A

ND

pro

stat

ic n

eopl

asm

s[m

ajr]

AN

D m

ass s

cree

ning

[mh]

AN

D 1

985:

2006

/10/

01[d

p] A

ND

has

abst

ract

[text

] AN

D"h

uman

s"[M

eSH

Ter

ms]

NO

T (r

evie

w[p

t] O

R e

dito

rial

[pt])

3E

nglis

hpr

osta

tic n

eopl

asm

s[m

ajr]

AN

D m

ass s

cree

ning

[mh]

AN

D S

ensi

tivity

and

Spe

cific

ity[m

h] A

ND

hasa

bstr

act[t

ext]

AN

D "

hum

ans"

[MeS

H T

erm

s] N

OT

(rev

iew

[pt]

OR

edi

tori

al[p

t])

4E

nglis

h(p

rost

atic

neo

plas

ms/

com

plic

atio

ns[m

h] A

ND

mas

s scr

eeni

ng[m

h]) O

R (p

rost

atic

neop

lasm

s[m

ajr]

AN

D m

ass s

cree

ning

/adv

erse

effe

cts[

mh]

) AN

D h

asab

stra

ct[te

xt] A

ND

"hum

ans"

[MeS

H T

erm

s] N

OT

(rev

iew

[pt]

OR

edi

tori

al[p

t])

56

Eng

lish

mas

s scr

eeni

ng[m

h] A

ND

pro

stat

ic n

eopl

asm

s[m

ajr]

AN

D b

iops

y[m

ajr]

AN

D h

asab

stra

ct[te

xt]

AN

D "

hum

ans"

[MeS

H T

erm

s] N

OT

(rev

iew

[pt]

OR

edi

tori

al[p

t])

78

Eng

lish

pros

tatic

neo

plas

ms[

maj

r] A

ND

mas

s scr

eeni

ng[m

ajr]

AN

D (w

atch

ful w

aitin

g O

R fo

llow

up)

AN

D h

asab

stra

ct[te

xt] A

ND

"hu

man

s"[M

eSH

Ter

ms]

NO

T (r

evie

w[p

t] O

R e

dito

rial

[pt])

78

Eng

lish

pros

tatic

neo

plas

ms[

maj

r] A

ND

mas

s scr

eeni

ng[m

ajr]

AN

D d

rug

ther

apy[

mh]

AN

Dha

sabs

trac

t[tex

t] A

ND

"hu

man

s"[M

eSH

Ter

ms]

NO

T (r

evie

w[p

t] O

R e

dito

rial

[pt])

78

Eng

lish

pros

tatic

neo

plas

ms[

maj

r] A

ND

mas

s scr

eeni

ng[m

ajr]

AN

D R

adio

ther

apy[

mh]

AN

Dha

sabs

trac

t[tex

t] A

ND

"hu

man

s"[M

eSH

Ter

ms]

NO

T (r

evie

w[p

t] O

R e

dito

rial

[pt])

78

Eng

lish

pros

tatic

neo

plas

ms[

maj

r] A

ND

mas

s scr

eeni

ng[m

ajr]

AN

D "

surg

ical

pro

cedu

res,

oper

ativ

e"[M

eSH

Ter

ms]

AN

D h

asab

stra

ct[te

xt] A

ND

"hu

man

s"[M

eSH

Ter

ms]

NO

T(r

evie

w[p

t] O

R e

dito

rial

[pt])

53

5D

AR

EH

TA

2006

916

(

DA

RE

Pros

tate

Can

cer

53

DA

RE

Pros

tate

Can

cer

Scre

enin

g12

43

HT

APr

osta

te C

ance

rSc

reen

ing

23

DA

RE

Dat

abas

e of

Abs

trac

ts o

f Rev

iew

s of E

ffect

s

HT

AH

ealth

Tec

hnol

ogy

Ass

essm

ent (

HT

A) D

atab

ase

1 2

54

6 2006 9 19

No AF

# 1 1 ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or PSA/AL)and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and (PT= ) 1985-2006 4

# 2 1( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or PSA/AL)and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and(PT= )

1985-2006 2

# 3 1 ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) AND (PT= ) 1985-2006 2

# 4 1 ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) AND (PT= ) 1985-2006 1

# 5 1( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or PSA/AL)and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or

/AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and (PT= )1985-2006 1

# 6 3( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or PSA/AL)and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and (PT= )

1985-2006 19

# 7 3( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL)and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL)AND (PT= )

1985-2006 0

# 8 3( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and (

/TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) AND (PT= )1985-2006 0

# 9 4 ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL)and /AL and /AL and /AL AND (PT= ) 1985-2006 0

# 10 5 ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and (/TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) AND (PT= ) 1985-2006 76

#11 6( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and /AL and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) AND (PT=

)1985-2006 0

#12 7 ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and /AL and ( /TH or /AL) AND (PT= ) 1985-2006 0

#13 7 ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) AND (PT= ) 1985-2006 486

#14 7 ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) AND (PT= ) 1985-2006 79

#15 8( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and /AL AND (PT= )

1985-2006 0

#16 8 ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) and ( /TH or /AL) AND (PT= ) 1985-2006 3

1985-2006 673

## #1 or #2 or #3 or #4 or #5 or #6 or #7 or #8 or #9 or #10 or #11 or #12 or #13 or #14 or #15 or #16 1985-2006 619

1985-2006 573

55

56

57

9 P

SA

Lab

rie

F20

0430

ITT

1

1999

31R

R1.

0195

CI:

0.76

-1.3

3

Sand

blom

G20

0432

DR

E (

1987

, 199

0)IT

T1

PSA

+DR

E19

93, 1

996

RR

1.04

95C

I:0.

64-1

.68

Aus

G20

0733

/100

02

2.4/

4.7

P=0.

008)

PSA

:Pro

stat

e Sp

ecifi

c A

ntig

en

DR

E: D

igita

l Rec

tal E

xam

inat

ion

ITT

: Int

entio

n-to

-trea

t ana

lysi

s

1IT

T31

2PS

A10

0

7,53

250

-69

31,1

3315

,353

45-8

0

9,97

29,

973

50-6

5

1,49

4

PSA

101511PS

A+D

RE

No.

58

10PS

A

No.

SMR

95SM

R95

2,66

20.

48(0

.26-

0.83

)0.

73(0

.67-

0.79

)

3,44

80.

99(0

.69-

1.37

)1.

04(0

.98-

1.10

)

751

2.50

(1.5

1-3.

90)

1.80

(1.6

4-1.

99)

60-7

42

1PS

AD

RE

+TR

US

9.79

Cia

tto S

2006

35

59

11PS

A

7/31

69/1

55(2

3%)

(45%

)

70/5

0165

/501

(14%

)(1

3%)

58/2

3612

6/46

22

(24.

6%)

(27.

3%)

0.65

(0.4

5-0.

93)

18/1

0157

/195

45-5

92

(17.

8%)

(29.

2%)

0.52

(0.2

8-0.

98)

40/1

3569

/267

60-8

42

(29.

6%)

(25.

8%)

0.67

(0.4

1-1.

09)

PSA

:Pro

stat

e Sp

ecifi

c A

ntig

en

DR

E: D

igita

l Rec

tal E

xam

inat

ion

TR

S:T

rans

rect

al so

nogr

aphy

1 2 e

xpos

ure

obse

rvat

ion

time

3720

06C

onca

to J

5

PSA D

RE

501

501

72.5

1.13

(0.6

3-2.

06)

1PS

AD

RE

1989

-199

0

No.

3115

5

1998

3634

55-8

93

10.

36(0

.15-

0.87

)C

D)

Kop

ec J

A20

0538

40-8

4

PSA

TR

S, T

RS+

DR

E,

TR

S+D

RE

+PSA

,PS

A

PSA

DR

E

236

462

60

61

62

14PS

A

DC

PC

McG

rego

r M

1998

6750

-70

84

Hug

osso

n J

2000

6819

1365

87

1930

-31

710

Etz

ioni

R20

0269

60-8

429

445

7

Auv

inen

A20

0270

55, 5

9, 6

3, 6

729

25-

710

-14

Dra

ism

a G

2003

7155

-74

5527

(24-

37)

12.3

(11.

6-14

.1)

7556

(53-

61)

6.0(

5.8-

6.3)

55-6

71

50

Tör

nblo

m M

2004

7255

-70

946

1)PS

A3

4.5

PSA

3-9.

9

5.3

PSA

10

3

.5

1913

657

PSA

3

10.7

PSA

3-9

.9

11.

2

PSA

10

3

.6

DC

PC:D

etec

tabl

e,pr

eclin

ical

pha

se

1PS

AD

RE

TR

US

3

No

63

64

65

17

DR

E)

2-

(PSA

)1-

/2-

PSA

66

18

Popu

latio

n-ba

sed

Scre

enin

gO

ppor

tuni

stic

Scr

eeni

ng

DR

E)

×1

2

PSA

)×

12

1 2

67

68

69

70

71