Egiptología Hildesheimer 50

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HILDESHEIMER GYPTOLOGISCHE EITRGE5 HERAUSGEGEBEN VON BETTINA SCH MITZGEGRNDET VON ARNE EGGEBRECHT


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Zur Zierde gereicht L

Festschrift Bettina Schmitz


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nhaltsverzeichnis

VorwortADELBERT UN D HE IKE STNDER M IT ANTJE SPIEKERMANNSchriftenverzeichnis Bettina SchmitzHARTWIG ALTENM ~ LLERVater, Brder und G tter Bem erkungen zur Szene der berga be der LotosbltePETER DER MANUELIANHemiunu, Pehenptah, and Germ anIAm erican Collaboration at th e Giza Necropolis(Giza Archives Project Glea nings : 11CHRISTIAN DINGENOTTOAgyptische Kulturgeschichte(n)DINA FALSINGS BEATRIX GESSLER-LHREine Knigstochter und ein Knigsso hn aus der 18 . DynastieRENATE GERMEREine Hamburger altgyptische M um ie m it 100-jahriger Rntgen geschichteHEDViG GYRYAnmerkungen zu jenen Terrakotten, die H arpokrates auf de m T hr on sitzend darstellenELFRIEDE HASLAUERMumienarnulette aus Leder in d er gyptischen Sam mlung des Kunsthistorischen Muse ums W ienPETER JANOSI. an intact burial chamber belonging to a peat lady o the Royal Family of the Fourth Dynasty

oder: Wo waren Chephre ns T cht er bestattet?JOACHIM S. KARIGDas Grab des Soter- Zur Geschichte eines FundkomplexesDIETER KESSLER


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ADELHEID SCHLOTTAltkgyptische Motive in M ozarts Oper Die Zauberflteund ihre Umsetzung in den Scherenschnitten von Lotte ReinigerNTJE SPIEKERMANNSteindorff und Mastaba G 2005

FRANK STEINMANNEinige Bem erkungen zum SchiffbrchigenDIRK VAN D ER PLASOstrakon Golenischeff4470MAR TIN VON FALCKAegyptiaca H amm onensiaHEIKE WILDEAspekte des Regenerationsgedankens der gyptischen Religionim Spiegel einiger Objek te der Sam mlu ng PelizaeusDAGMAR WINZE ROh ne M uster wird ein Grab drausPldoyer fr das visuelle Ged chtnis altgyptischer Han dwerkerTabula GratulatoriaROSEMARIE DRENKHAHNEin persnlicher G eburtstagsgruMANFRED GUTGESELLEin vermasseltes Gruwort zum 60 Geburtstag


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Hemiunu, Pehenptah, and GermanIAmerican Collaboration at the Giza Necropolis(Giza Archives Project Cleaniogs: 11Peter D er M anuel ianMu seum o f Fine Arts, Boston and Tufts University

F m scholars have setved s keeper of the flame with t he long evity an d success of Bettina Schm itz. Since the age of thegreat excavations at G iza, perhaps no other colleague has don e mo re to preserve the legacy of Herm ann Junker's work atGiza. She has helped steer the P elizaeus-Museum thro ugh bot h feast and fam ine years, assisted with co untless major inte r-national exhibitions in collaboration with A rne Eggebrecht, edited a nd supervised ambitious pu hlicatinn projects such sthe H ildesheimer gyptologische Beitrge and the Corpu s Antiquitatum Aegyptiacarum, and all the while producing asteady stream of her o wn sch olarship of the hig hest quality.It is my hop e that B ettina Schmitz will enjoy seeing this old friend discussed once more, along with some more m o-dern excavation history to accompany it. T h e collaboration between th e original American (Reisner) and GermanIAustrian(Junker) expeditions at Giza could not have been smoother. In more recent decades, I have heen privileged to enjoy someof that Same spirit of collahoration, for which I tha nk colleagues, curators and museum directors past and present (see note44), s well s the honoree of the present volume.

Few Old Kingdom individuals cut a more imposing figure than Hemiunu, son of Nefermaat,' nephew of Khufu, andlikely supervisor of the K hufu pyram id projec t. While the over-lifesized Statue in Hildesh eim (Pelizaeus-Museum Inv. Nr.1962 2) Comes first to m ind when Hem iunu's name is menti one d, neverthe less two limestone raised relief fragmen ts in th eMuseum of Fine Arts, Boston (MFA 2 7.29 6 and 27.112 3; figs. 10-13) also comm unicate his Singular visage. In fact, thefirst of these two reliefs has often been cited as corrnhoration for the modern reconstruction of the Hildesheim statue'sface? For anoth er exam ple of idiosyncratic facial features (por traim re?) in ho th tw o- and three-d imensio nal sculptu re, wemight note the reserve head and selected raised relief images from the chapel of Nefer (G 21 10) at G i ~ a . ~n th e pages belowI would like to revisit the archaeological context for the rwo Boston reliefs, as well s for some additional Hemiunu frag-men ts, for their excavation history has never been adequa tely sum marized. I also hop e to suggest some possible reconstruc-tions of Hem iunuS decorative program in his mastaba chapel. And finally, on e of th e Boston H em iunu faces (MFA 27.296)falsely came into question d uring a m inor quibble over excavation concessions between the A merican and GermanIAustri-an expeditions at Giza. As an exercise in arch ival research that is no t with ou t some historical interest? I will conclude w itha sum marv of those events.

Besides rhe adminis trative rirles rhar N efermaat and Hem iunu share, rhe w o ndividuals are further linked by rhe uniqu e use ofcolored pasre ro fill insunk relief hiemglyphs; see W.S. Smirh, The Origin ofSom e Unidenrified Old Kingdom Reliefs, AJA 42, 194 6, 530.H. Junker, GiPa1.153-57, pls. 18-23: B. Sch min , in DarAlteRrich, HilderheimIMainz 198 6,3 63 8; J. Assmann, Prervarion and Presenerion ofSelf in Ancie nt Egyptinn Ponra iture, in I Der M anuelian, ed., Smdier in Honor of Wi ll im BI4 Simpron I, Boston 1996,6 2.Schm irz, in DarAlteReich, 38; WS . Smirh, TheArtandArchirrcn


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I) Excavation istoryIn D ecember 192 5 the Harvard University-Boston Museum of Fine Arts Expedition was clearing the mastabas of Ceme-tery G 6000 . In following a causeway ramp easrwards, the Crew approached the area south of Hemiunu's large mastaba, G40 00 (see fig. 1). Figs. 2 an d 3 provide nv o views of the progressive clearance of this part of the W estern Cem etery, takenin December 190 6 and Oc tober 191 3, looking northwest from high up on rhe Khafre pyramid. G . ReisnerS HU-MFAExpedition Diary page for Sunday, December 2 0, 192 5 contains a sketch and description of the work done in this area (fig.4; d iary page), and is transcribed below:Having picked up the main causeway of G 6 0 4 0 in the low ground east of Steindorff dump , and foun d it continuing castwardsrowards rhe back of 4140, we began dca ring away Junker 's dum p a nd rhc underlying sand in rhe angle benveen G 4 0 0 0 andG 4 1 4 0 in order to find the continuation of the main causeway. For it is clear that it m ust turn south or north a t this point rabour hereIn the dnft sand (not in Junckers dum p) we came on a pile of broken w hite Ist. [limestone] pieces which ha d evidently been accumulated as the result of the work af th e l ime-burners. Apparently when the chamber af Hemyuwn was broken up by the l imeburners orquarrymen) rhe blodts wert hauled our inro rhis space ar rhe sourh%and here broken up for rhc kiln or for buildingstone). S am e small pieces wirb reliefs were found am on g these fragmenw.'

In all, at least thirry-one fragments, some of them uninscribed, turned up in this heap of limestone blocks. The appendixat the en d of this article presents the collection. O f the nv o large-scale faces, the better-preserved relief (MFA 27.29 6 =Object Register no. 25-12-299: figs. 10-1 1 below) is by far the b etter known. T h e other, (MFA 27.1 1 23 = Object Registerno. 25-12 -324; figs. 12-13 below), has received far less attention , and was only photographed for the first time in 20 04.Regarding the paucity of surviving decoration in Hemiunu's chapel, Junker stated that Der Verlust der Reliefs ist um soschm erzlicher, als die (erhaltenen) R este allerbesten Stil zeigen u nd vielleicht das einzige darstellen, was au er den Opfer-platten uns aus der Zeit des Cheop s berkommen ist. 8 W.S. Sm ith comm ented rhat, after the O ld Kingdom , interest inHem iunu's relief sculpture is attested by red-painted artists' guidelines preserved on selected fragments.' Som e of the redlines extend into breaks, proving that the guidelines were added after the fragments were removed from their respectivelocarions in the south ern niche.11) MastabaG 4000Hem iunu$ corridor chapel area was recently re-excavated by the Supreme C ouncil of Antiquities. This wo rk re-exposed thecorridor, with its north and so uth niche s, for the first time since Junke r's original excavation in 19 12 (see figs. 5-9). Likeso man y early mastabas at Giza, mastab a G 4 000 10 wea ls eviden ce of several con struc tion phases. Already one of th e largesttomb s in rhe Western Cem etery, the mastaba core (Reisner's rype IIa ) received extensions to the sou th an d the east. De-pen ding o n whether the cattle Count was still consistently taken bienn ially in early Dynasty4 ,12 mo re than a decade's inter-val m ay have elapsed benveen the original core construction an d d ie subsequent extension. Reisner was uncertain if G 4 00 0was already under constniction when the surrounding mastabas to the easr were built (G 4150, G 4160, G 4250, andG 4260),15but Junk er was convinced that Hemiunu's tom b existed prior to the co nstruction of these smaller eastern mas-tabas (fig. I).'4000 received w o burial shafts, a highly unusual feature for a Khufu-era Giza mastaba.Th e south shaft was presumab-ly dug first, dien ab andon ed unfinished in favor of a second, northern shaft, which was completed and lined with limestone


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h l ~ c k s . ' ~ikewise unusual is the presence of two faise doo rs and serdahs in the long corrid or chapel created by the easternextension (figs. 5-6). T h e southern false doo r niche (fig. 7 may have replaced an o riginal slah stela set into the exterior eastface of the mastahak core.' he south n iche was clearly the prim aty cu lt focus; the corrid or chapel's entran ce was locatedhere, and was fronted hy two exterior mud-hrick chamhers appended to the corridor chapel. On e chamber had a lime-stone offering hasin set into its southeas t Corner (fig. 8 .IRNormally a Menkaure-era datin g criterion, two false doo rs in thechapel d o appear in certain Khufu-era m astahas reserved for the m ost elite sepulchers (G 2 220, G 400 0, G 75 10, G -Ih,G-Ic). T he n orth chapel niche (fig. 9) contained the serdab with the famo us statue in H ildesheim (Pelizaeus-Museum Inv.NI. 1962).

Since the chapel was dismantled in antiquiry, it is extremely difficult to assess the original decoration program. Thenorth chapel, whose serdah contained the statue now i n Hildesheim (Inv. Nr. 1962 ), may have borne som e architrave textsover the false d o o r. 'T h e south niche was certainly decorated, as indicated by a few texts and scenes discovered by Junkerin situ on the no rth exterior fap de of the chapel entrance, as well as on the n orthern entrance thickness (Hildesheim Inv.NI. 2146).

D ue to the prox imity of die pile of fragments found hy Reisnet in 192 5 to the southern end of Hemiunu's cbapel, andto th e possible total ahsence of decoration on the no rth niche, it is most likely tha t the B oston relief fragments derive fromthe decorated s outh niche.111 T h e iwo faces of emiunuT h e better-preserved Boston face relief (MFA 27.296) shows a highly individualized image of H emiu nu in quite bold rai-sed relief, look ing left from the far right edge of the hlock (figs. 10-11). Portions of five hieroglyphs survive to th e left ofcenter. Since its discovery the relief has lost mino r details, as is evident from a comp arison of the p hotog raphs in fig. 10 . Inthe earlier photograph, a third lock of H emiunu's lon g striated wig is visible, and m uch more of the hread loaf b j sign ispreserved in the upper left edge of the fragment Moreover, the undecorated left side of the block, once bearing Reisner'stom b an d Ob ject Register numbers in black paint, was removed some time before the later photograph was taken, m ostlikely for purposes of m ou ntin g and display.

Hemiunu's protruding forehead gives way to a pronou nced nose that dominates the rest of the face. Th e nostril is no toverly emphasized, but the philtrum is clearly delineated. Full lips are indicated, with the upper lip receiving more of thesculptor's attentio n. From the lower lip, a crease and then a bulbous chin curves downwards towards the edge of the frag-ment. Hemiunu's wide eye is oudined swerely to hood the recessed eyehail and iris. An elongated inn er canthus extendsslightly downward, almost to the bridge of the nose. A plastic eyehrow swoops well ahove the eye, to curve hack again andend in a sharp, though damaged, point. Modeling accentuates the carving in several places over the face, most notahly inthe bag u nder the eye, aroun d the nostril, an d in the chin area. The m issing rest of the head, wig, and even neck all serve,inadvertently, to emp hasize this powerful visage. Even if the face wete su rroun ded hy a completely preserved figure, Hem i-unu would still command o ur undivided anention.

T h e hip jnswt formula fills the center of the fragment. Suhtle carving is apparent in the extremely fine lines of thevertical ties on the hip sign's b read tray, and even the hread loaf that sits upo n it reveals som e mo deling tow ards its base.Less clear is the nature of the round-topped sign a t the extreme left of the fragm ent; while it seems to resemble the htphieroglyph, insufficient space exists to accomm odate a second hip tray so close to th e first hip sign, who se left edge is justvisible above the fragment3shreak. n fig. 1 6 1 have reconstructed th e top of Hem iunu's staff as the object represented,hased o n a suggestion kindly m ade hy Antje Spiekermann.

T h e second relief fragment with Hemiunu's face (MFA 27.1 123) has received much less attention, no do ubt d ue to thepoor state of preservation (figs. 12-13). All that remains are ten rows of curls on Herniunu's ~ i g , ~ 'art of his archingeyehrow, his eye, and his no stril. Nevertheless, the powerful facial features in bold relief are clearly visible. Th e wig is carvedhigh against H emiunu's cheek, his eye socket is deep-set and outlin ed, a nd the no stril flares in a well-drilled semicircle. It


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V Bou ndary Issues: The American and German Ausuian Concessions t GizaIn later years, the Bo ston relief MFA 27.296 was inadvertently drawn into a m inor dispute over the G iza excavation con-cessions as agreed upon hy Reisner and Junker. Correspondence exists henveen the two parties and their institutions, andsome notes, mit te n up on the Reisner letters in Dows Dunham's unmistakahle handwriting, add the phrases Com plaintre frag. of Relief of Hem-Iwn, and Re Hem-Iwn fragment. T h e events seem to have taken the Course laid ou t below.In 191 2 the HU-BMFA Expedition was clearing the eastern portion of the Cemetery en E~ he lo n. )~he (northern)bou nda ry line hetween the Germ an/Aus trian a nd the American concessions followed east-west from th e northwest Cornerof the Khufu Pyramid through the Western Cemetery (westwards towards the south end of mastaba G 200 0 Lepsius 23:See fig. 18). By the nature of its uneven rows, the C emetery en Echelo n forced the con cession houn dary line to bisecr Cer-tain m astahas, leaving them to overlap both concession areas. In Octobe r 191 2, six months after the conclusion of Junker'sfirst excavation season,)' his reis Sadiq believed that Reisner had transgressed too far (southw ards) into th e Germ anIAus tri-a n c onc e ss i~n . ? ~s Jun ker was back in Ge rma ny at this time, S adiq unde rtook to write rhe officials at the Pelizaeus-Muse-um , who in turn contacted Reisner at Giza about the matter. While these documen ts have yet to surface in the archives atthe Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, if indeed they still exist, there are in Boston two of Reisner's replies, one to WilhelmPelizaeus himself (dated Octo ber 18, 1912), the other to Junker (dated November 1, 1912 ). It is these letters that DowsDu nha m helieved to concern th e H em iunu relief(s), and his confusion is understandable, since no specific tombs or anci-ent individuals are mentioned in the correspondence. But &er quo ting both letters in full helow, I beliwe it will be appa-rent that Reisner is referring ro none oth er than the tom h o f Pehenptah (G 5 280 , formerly known as G 23 20), the earlyFifrh Dynasty royal docum ent scrihe and son of Seshemnefer I (owner of G 4940) and A mend jefae~.)~ehenptah's tomhwas a large, multi-shafted m astaba overlapp ing the Germ an/Aus trian an d American concessions' east-west bou nda ry linein the Cemetery en Echelon (fig. 18). Reisner's clearance of the disturhed serdab revealed a series of statues and statuefragments which, I believe, must have caught Sadiq's attention. Reisner's first letter stated (I have not corrected his Ger-man):

PyramidsCairoO kt . 18, 1912Sehr geeh rter He rr Pelizaeus,Ich habe eine Anfrage vom Museum erhalten o b ich auf lhrem Gebiete grabe. Da diese Anfrage scheinbar auf IhremAntrag gemacht worden, mch te ich Sie bitten die Sache selbst zu untersuchen. Sie werden sich erinnern dass wir unsversprochen haben alles unter uns friedlich abzumachen. Das Prinzip dass eine Mastaba die zu grssten ed in einemGebiet liegt auf der And ere hinber verfolgt wird ist seit dem ersten Jahre nie ang efochten worden. Z um Beispiel, Jun -cker hat im letzten Jahr die grosse Mastaba etwa zehn meter sdlich auf unserem G ebiet verfolg . I n dem jetzigen Falleglaube ich doch dass ich die Grenze kaum berschritten haben. Die gegenseitige Anklage beim Museum schadet nurbeide Interessen.Mit bestem G russe,Ihr ergebener[G.A. R eisner]

'Junker's grosse Mastaba is most likely G 400 0, the to mb of Hem iunu , the largest tom b Junker had cleared up to Oc tobe r19 12 (an d beyond). Reisner's second letter, addressed to Junker, goes into more detail concerning the principles of conces-sion sharing:


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PyramidsCairoNov. l", 1912Lieber Freunds thu r mir Leid dass Sdeeq sich nicht besser berlegt hat. Dass er Ihnen geschrieben hat, war ganz in Ord nun g. Er h at

sich aber auch bei dem Geschftsfhrer Herrn Pelizaeus beklagt, un d der ha t einen Brief an das Museu m g esandt. DasMuseum hat hieraus Ibrahim Faid geschickt um die Frage zu untersuchen. Natrlich hat Sdeeq nur aus Loyalitt ge-hand elt, und darf nicht zu viel getadelt; aber trotzdem hat er sich beklagt ohne mich zu fragen wo die Grenzlinie liegt.Ich versuche eben den nach Osten liegenden Teil unserer Concession fertig zu machen ehe Sie anfangen, damit nichtsdie Bau Ihrer Feld-bahn-linie ber unserer Concession nach No rden verhindert oder verzgert. Die sdlichen Ende derMastaba-Reihe die stlich von der Seshem-nofer Mastaba liegen, sind in einer Fluglinie mit den sdlichen Enden dergrossen gelben Mastabas welche an Ihrer Nord-grenze liegen. Nach unseren gegenseitigen Abmachungen und der seitAnfang bestehenden Praxis kann kein Zweifel bestehen dass ich nur in vollem Recht gegraben habe.Uebrigens sind die Statuen nichts besonders - in zertrmm ert, ein kopflos, ein mit beschdigtem Gesicht. Anbei sen-de ich eine Ph otographie de r Grabung."W ir werden uns freuen Sie un Ihr F rulein Schwester wieder zu sehen. M it vielen herzlichen Grssen von uns allen,Ihr, wie immer,REISNER.

T h e key sentence in Reisner's letter towards elucidating the location of the dis pute is in the final Paragraph, which discussesthe 'unimpressive" statuary: o ne destroyed, one headless, and anothe r with d amaged face. Th is description jihes qu ite wellwith the statues foun d in Pehenptahk serdab; these are illustrated in figs. 17-20, although there were actually additionalfragments that Reisner did not m ention in this let te ~. )~eisner defends himself by describing his efforts to clear the area sothat Junker may run his Decauville railway over the American concession and ou t to th e north of the Giza plateau.

For some reason, the Situation was not resolved until m uch later, probably due to the two excavator< varying digsch edule s,and their concen tration on other areas of the Western Cemetery. In May of 1 914 Jun ker wrote to Reisner on the subject:

Wien V11111 Alserstrasse 1 7am 13. Mai 1914Lieber Reisner,wie ich durc h einen Brief meines Reis erfahre, liegt ein Missverstndnis vor, das ich nu r auf ungenge nde Informationzurckfhren k ann. We nn ich recht verstehe, handelt es sich um einen G rabschacht, von dem ich a nnah m, dass er nochauf unserem Gebiete lag. Ich hatte seinerzeit gebeten, von der Durchsuchung desselben abzustehen, bis ich mit Ihnenpersnlich Rcksprache genommen habe. Andererseits stellte ich an der Nordgrenze unserer Grabung auf Bitte IhresHerrn Assistenten die Arbeit e in, weil er glaubte, dass der jetzt un bearbeitet ge bliebene Teil noch zu Ihrer Konzessiongehre. Die Abmachu ng beru ht som it auf voller Gegenseitigkeit. D a sich Ihre Rckkehr verzgerte und ich nicht meh rdie Mglichkeit hatte, mit Ihnen zu sprechen, nahm ich an, dass die Entscheidung bis zur nchsten Kam pagne vertagtwerde. Ich m chte Sie darum b itten, alles bis zu diesem Zei tpun kt au fde n stam s quo zu belassen, da ja hier eine einsei-tige Lsung nicht angngig ist. Ich bin berzeugt, dass wir mn dlich die Frage in ku rzer Zeit ohn e Schw ierigkeit lsenwerden, so aber knnte bei Ihren und meinen Leuten der Anschein erweckt werden, als handele sich um ein Streitob-


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It seems that dep ending wh ere exactly one placed the hypothetical east-west bounda ry line, Reisner was in the right or inthew tong . A hypothetical line runningwestwards. parallel to the north face of th e Khufu pyramid, places patt o fPehenptalismastaba G 5280 in the American wncession. However, a hypothetical east-west line following the south Face of mastabaG 2000 puts Pehenptah completely in the GermanIAustrian concession (see fig. 18).

In fact, the statuaty turned ou t to be muc h more than nichts besonders, but Reisner may perhaps be forgiveo forhelittling this find in comp arison to th e m any extraordinaty discoveries that he an d Junker had so far unearthed. DespiteReisner's rather self-righteou s claim of innocence, o ne wonde rs if he d id n ot feel som e form o f restitution was in order afterall. T h e reason for this speculation lies in the fact that t he three m ajor statues from the serdab of G 5280 did no t all go dieMuseum of Fine Arts, Boston and the Egyptian Museu m, Cairo, but to those museu msp lur the K unsthistorisches Muse-um , Vienna. Boston received the damaged triad of Amendjefaes flanked hy two images of her son Pehenptah.16 Th e stan-ding male figure of Pehenptah, unique in th at its right leg is advanced , was sent to Cairo.9'And the headless pair statue isnow Kunsthistorisches Mus eum, Vienna Inv. Nr 7502.'RIt is rhus clear that this m inor squabble, contrary CODows Dunham's assumptions, and my own incorrect summaty ofthe situation in a previous publication, l a d nothing to d o with the tomb of Hem iunu, or the Boston relief MFA 27.296.T he boundary dispute occurred in late 1912: the Boston Hem iunu reliefwas not discovered until Decemb er 1925.

Highlighting this correspondence hardly arnish es th e exemplary collahoration hetween the GermanIAustrian and theAm ericm expedition s to Giza in the first half of the twentieth cen tury. In fact, there were severai min or Grenz berschrei-tungen over the years. Fot exam ple Georg Steindorff excavated G 2005, which lay clearly in the Am erican portion of di eWe stern Cemetery.4OAnd in 1938,Junker wrote:

Im Jahre 1912 hatte G. Reisner d en anschlieenden Teil seiner Konzession in Angriff geno mm en u nd dabei gebeten, da dasSdende der ansroenden Mastaba, das auf unserem Gebier leg, ihm berlassen werde. Er fand hier die Kulrkammer desS j f 11, deren Zug ang in einem Vorraum lag. (Boston Bulletin XI, 20):

Despite these events, when Junker hoped to resume his excavations in 1925 after the end of the First World W ar, Reisnerwas only too willing to lend him the services of reis Sadiq and other Eg yptim staff memb ers, most o fw ho m h ad joined hiscrew in 1914.42O n M ay 4 1931, Junker w rote to Reisner informing him that h e (Reisner) had heen elected a mem ber ofthe Archologisches Institut. And finally, upon receiving congrarulatoty words from Junker o n his swentieth birthday(November 5, 1927), Reisner wrote back stating .. 1 look fotward with pleasure to the con tinuation of ou r cooperationreading the history of th e Giza necropolis.. . We have worked side by side at Giza for so many years and have nwer had aquarre1 over our boundaries, and I prize your friendship and your good wishes more than I can ~ ay . '~T ohese two indivi-duals, and in more recent yeats a host o f scholarsM ollowing in their footsteps, including the honoree of the present volu-me, we owe a tradition of international cooperation that has enlightened o ut attempts to co mpreh end the development ofthe Giza plateau. At present, it is a goal of the Giza Archives Project, an international endeavor to share the scholarly do-cum entation online of ail archaeological activity at Giza, to continue this tradition.

i Thir rriad (12-104 = MFA 13.433 0 +12.4358 ) har received much arrencion in rccenr decader, as parts of ir have rraveled ro Memphis,T nd backCO Bosron, and irs recons rrucrian, wirh all rhree heada in placc, is now co mple tr. See M. Earon-Krauss Pseudo-Groupr, in Kunrrdes A l m Reicher,SDAIK 28, Mainz 1995, 59, 74, no. 30. pl. 14a, and E. Brovarski, '~AT riad or Pehenprah, i Lipin~ka, 61-73. In addition, her e were the headand feer of a sraruerte: MFA 13.31 57, Smith H ESPOK, pl. 26b (lower righr). All of he sraruary from G 5280 is summa rired by Brovarski ATria d forPehenprah, r Lipinrka erp . 26 66 8.

) Egyprian Mureum , Cairo JE 4460% ReisnrdFirher, Treliminary Reporr on rhe Wo rk of rhe Harvard-Boston Expedirion in 1911-13, AS E 13,1914 , 250, pl. 10a. The sratue was recenrly illusrraced, wirh very sho rr descrip rion, in R Assem, Two Stanies and a Naos ar rhe Caim Museum,


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25-12-301:Reliefwithhand holdingstafESmith, in g 46, 1942, fig 14.unagea SC172209;B9107.

25-12-302:Reliefwithpart o Min s i p Sign List R23).Smith, in AjA 46, 1942,fig 16.

25-12-303:Relief withportionof male leg ?). Smith, inAj 4 46, 1942,@ 14.

25-12-304aa: eliefwith hiemgiyphictitles: rp nuy pr w: w nnu fImtwnw Smith, in M 46, 1942,f 16.Images:top:SC172210;B9107;C13245;bottom:SC172211;B9107.


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area of enlargernent above V3 2F .


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Fig : G.A. Reimer s HU-MFA Expedition Dias. Page for Sunday, December 20, 1925 (ED25-12-099).


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MommeIbamC1

bowJuy12MumoFnABoSC

Fg12

ndawnoHmiureeMFA22


29/35

Fig2:RefameoHmiuOeRsen213

A211Dmb92MumoFnAsBo(SC

Fig3:2

ndawnoHmiureeMFA211

Fg1TwHmiufareeuaeaaureavse(e

211rg22da

LDmb92MumoFnAsBo(SC

rgJy91MommeIbam(C1


30/35

Fg15:4000sohnfasdnconWewhpbeooforeeoHmumk

MFA211a22JuE

o1AEOSI5300ceyKhsosMumah

InufooeVe


31/35


32/35

Fg1Pobler

srucosfo4

entrcthickne

asoththicknefange

bnohthicknefange


33/35


34/35

Fg1G5=G2P

asdpyceewhsaunsmonnh

114MA14113112JE4

Oo11BshMauA


35/35

Fg2G5=G2

P

asdceewhsaunsuonw114MFA14

113112=E4

Oo11BshMauA

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Egiptología Hildesheimer 50