GKEFAH ’CZF’ QFMF FEGFK KZK[P KZBC FCGZKFY \HKRDC OKJGKV QKC \GKEFAH ’CZF’ QFMF FEGFK KZK[P KZBC FCGJ GFGH Z[BG ,ZKFY \HKRD KVE \B \GBNPPF \GIMG\FG \GIKNSF KJGKV KVNB QKC FEIKK\R

$Page 1: GKEFAH ’CZF’ QFMF FEGFK KZK[P KZBC FCGZKFY \HKRDC OKJGKV QKC \GKEFAH ’CZF’ QFMF FEGFK KZK[P KZBC FCGJ GFGH Z[BG ,ZKFY \HKRD KVE \B \GBNPPF \GIMG\FG \GIKNSF KJGKV KVNB QKC FEIKK\R$
HAFEKG\CKQVKGJKOCDRKH\YFKZ:P[KZKKFGEFFMFQ’FZC’

JGCFCBZK

CKQBNVKVKGJKFSNKIG\GF\GMIG\FPPNBG\B\EVKDRKH\YFKZ,GB[ZHGFG

G\GTEGCPVTNNIYZF[KZFGFVKGJCDRKHFTN[OTHZBVNKK[Z,R\KKIEF

YCGXFYJRF[NVKGJKOB[ZR\MRGTNKEKPICZKFOBGPT\KYKFOCPGRI

FTZCK’HAFE’BG’HAFEKF’.[KZKHAFETZCKKOR\ICZGCPHZINPQFPBF

F\[KTK\.PYGCNN\ZDOPGRIHFM[KZVZK[G\.BNG[KZKOYGEZKOC\GMRO,

[MQFPGG\GFFJVFNVZK[G\PFCNKFTGNOFOPTKYZKFRG[BKOFPGTNKO

CFO1

.NBPVNKBBOMQNPXGB\GMIG\GSNKIG\PMGRKOML,[FZKRG[B

PZMHKC\GMIFFGBBHMGZKGOFPGG\FYZC,B[ZBPGZNTGZZB\FBEO

NI[CGQRV[GNFCKBGNIHGZC\[GCF2

.CMNHB\ZYPSVZYJQ[NVKGJKO

PSGDHF{[NG[FT[ZCPSVZ{PGDEZKO’HFEKF’CM\CKFKE.PCEKY\

MNFVKGJKOFNNGTGNF[MPIXK\OFOVZKTJG[NEGKEFR[KB,3

[RKKOFO

[NVKKJRKOSVZEKKO,4

[RKKO[NP[GZZKOBRGRKPKKO,[YGNKOCP[YN

~363|

1NSYKZFMNNK\TNFSGDZBG:P. F. Kennedy, Encyclopedia of Islam2, s. v.‘Zuhdiyya’, pp. 562-564.GCPYGZG\[O.K[ZBNNGKQKKIEEKGQPVGZJN\KBGZ

BGVKKOG\MRKFO[N[KZKVZK[G\TCZKKOCSVZEGFXCKTTNFF[VTG\[RYNJGCFO

PQF[KZFFTZCK\;ZBG:K’NGKQ,PTKN\[CW,D,\N=BCKC\[R"F,TP’215=217,

GCTKYZTP’59GBKNL.

2VKGJKF\GMIFBKROT[GKKOPTGZBIE,G\MRKFOP\DGGRKOC\YGVG\F[GRG\.\GMIG\

YEOYNSKG\[GRG\CBGVQRKMZPBNG[R\ICZGNPQFPBFFT[KZK\GBKNL,BGPQ

F\GMIG\[M\CGVKKJRKSVZE.NFCIRG\MNNKG\CKQF\YGVG\GFPZMHKOF[GRKOZBG

T’VNKK[Z,[KZ\FYGE[FTCZK\CKPKFCKRKKO2

,KZG[NKO\[S"I,TZL’\GMIF’

CPV\I.FRG[BEGZ[TKGQRVZE[BKQMBQPYGPG.

3N[KZKEGKEFR[KBZBGCSVZK,NEGKEPHPGZ:VKGJKEGKEFR[KBCQKIHYKFGZB[

FDGNF,KZG[NKO\[S"J,[KZKO:KC,MD,MF,MJG=NB,GMQCPCGB,TPGEKO34,41=42,

47F’20,70=.71

4FBIEFGB’RV[KETKPF\VTNK’N[NPFBCQDCKZGN)PFEGZ\E’KZEQ,[KZKFYGE[

MPG\K,5

G[NG[FRGSVKORM\CGTNKEKKGXZKOPHZIKKOCRKFPBFFBI\-

T[ZF6

.FPPXBFSJJKSJKFHFPNPE[FPGRI’HFEKF’IEZN[KPG[NMN

FPGYEOC\IKN\FPBFFBI\-T[ZF,MMNFRZBFCF[ZB\[KZKEGKE

FR[KB,[FOFYEGPKOCYCGXFHG,GFODOFYZGCKOCKG\ZC\GMROGCRKSGIO

BN[KZKFVZK[G\FTZCKKO.ZBGKNXKKQ[NBPXBRG\GMIG\YEGPG\[R[BG

BKVTOB\FMG\Z\’HFEKF’.CIKR\FKXKZG\[R\MRG’HFEKF’IG[V\PMRF

P[G\UNFQ:CZGCQRPXBVRKKFK[KZFBNFRV[,\EKZCJGZFVG\I,GECZK

FJVFGBHFZFY[KOFPGVRKOBNKF.HGFPDPFFCGNJ\,MKEGT,C[KZKEGKE

FR[KB,BCNFKBTGNFDOPK\ZFHFEKG\FPHZIKG\FPTJG\[RPRGNTKN.

FHFEKG\FNNGFQMGNQCTNG\\GMQ\GMI\KGFQP\VYEG\CPSDZ\SGD

HFCZVZJGBZFVKKJRK7

.BCNCB[ZNF\KKISG\BNFRV[RKMZFCENPTRKKQ

CKQF\GMIG\FPHZIKG\{MGNNMPGCQBNGFPMGRG\HFEKG\{NBNG

[R\ICZGTNBEP\SVZENPQKPKG[N[NPFBCQDCKZGNGBKNL8

.C[N

FCENKOCF[YVG\TGNOFPG[VTG\P\GZG\VKNGSGVKG\=FDG\KG\=

RBGVNJGRKG\CSVZEGPHZPKOXGVKKOGHAFEKKOTZCKKOCPHZI{BRG

PGXBKO[C[KZFFTCZK\CPHZIFKISBNFRV[[NKNKGTGKQ,NTGP\KIS

VKKSRKCEZLMNNGBKRJKPKKG\ZC[KZFFTCZK\FSVZEK\9

.B\FPFNL

~364|

JGCFCBZK

NZCK[NPFBCQDCKZGN,B,\[N"H,TP’291=293(,GF[RK’BONB\ETKRV[K’[N

BCZFOBCQTHZB)PFEGZ\K’NGKQ,[KZKFYGE[[NBCZFOBCQTHZB,B,KZG[NKO

\[N"G,TP’386=389(.

5’RV[KNXGZL[BVK’,ZGCGISZ;G’RJFNCCKBIZKFCNK’,[KZYXZCQBZCTFC\KO.

6GBNFF[KZKO:’BFFRV[KCBVZF\VN[K’NP[~F|;’BKNLFRV[B[ZFKB’NK[GTF

FMFQFICZ)BNMSREZKF,PBFBI\-T[ZF(,[CVKGJKGBRKPYGGFNJVNCYZGC.

F[NK[KFGB’BGKFNLRV[KPEZMKLFRSGDG\’[NKFGEFFMFQFZC,[NCIKR\VKGJKG

PGYE[PIYZHF.

7K[NFTKZCFY[ZHF[DOVKGJKXKEGYEKQZCKOPMKNKOYJTKFJVFFMGNNKOBHMGZ

[NBVSG\FBEOGPG\GFYZC,GPQFCIKRFFHB\FOYZGCKOC\GMROBNF\GMIG\.

BNB[XKEGYKFEKQPTXOKKTGEOFOCTNK\GMQ\KBGEKXK.FF[NPFGYCN\FEKQ

FIGHZKOCFO\EKZTNKEKXKJGJFVSGY’FXGZ\PKOVTNG’GMG’PZMMKOCEZLMNNB\

FZG[OFY[F[TGNFP\KBGZFPGG\FPXVFNMNKXGZ.

8[NPFBCQDCKZGNIKE[DOC\CRK\O[NVKGJKF\GMIFGFTPKECKQF[BZNMN

PIZGH\[RKXPEKIZGHKO:BBCC,DDEEGMG’.NIKEG[KGF\CRK\KKO[N[NPFBCQ

DCKZGNC\GMIG\ZBGVNKK[Z)NTKNFTZF2(,TP’404=.407

9NEKGQPVGZJCRG[BHFTKKRGCSVZK)NTKNFTZF3(,TP’71=.74

FPHZIKC\IGOHFFGCKN,NFTZM\K,EGKEFR[KB[[KZKGFKGRVGXKOPBGE,10

G[F[VT\ORKMZ\TNKGXZKO[GRKO[VTNGCPHZICHPRGGNBIZKPKG.

TNYKZCFZTKGRK\GN[GRK\CKQ[KZKVZK[G\TZCKKOCPHZINCKQVKGJK

EGKEFR[KBFZIC\KB\FEKGQCPYGOBIZ11

.CECZKKMBQ{FPGYE[KO

CFTZMFZCFNVZGV’PZEMKTYKCBVZKEPQB[Z\GNEG\BCG\KRGG[KZ\O

YZGCKONNCG{BRKPCY[\NFXCKTTNF[VT\G[NEGKEFR[KBCRG[BHF

TNKGXZBIE,EPG\FKSJGZK\KEGTFGP[GZZPGM[Z[[KZKGJZOHMGNTKGQ:

KFGEFFMFQCQKGSU,FPMGRF’FZC’.

FBK[GPVTNGFSVZG\K

FKSJGZKGRKO[GRKOJKVNGCPGZ[\G[NKFGEFFMFQCQKGSU)ZB[FSEZ(,

FPMGRF’FZC’)BNZC(,BG’FZCFDEGN’12

.PQFDRKHFFEGYGPRJZK\[CDRKH\

YFKZFOFTNGTEGKG\ZCG\TNVGTNGC\IGPKOPDGGRKO:PM\CKO[M\C

G[FVRGBNKG,IKCGZKOC\IGOFFNMF,13

VKZG[KO)BGNK(G[KZBIE14

.KTYC

~365|


10EGGYBFHFEKG\[NEGKEFR[KB)ZBGNTKNFTZF3(HMGNFT\YG\ZCG\CPKGIE:IP[

PFQRPXBGPGT\YG\CKQT[ZN\[TT[ZFVTPKO.[KZKDFGBFKIKE[[ZEC[NG[

FT\YG\CNCE.

11ZBGCSVZK)NTKNFTZF3(,TP’34=37;42=43;67=.76

12FMKRGK’FZC’BG’FZCFDEGN’FO\BZKO[RK\RGNBK[KO[FXJKKRGCNPERG\O

FPGVND\,GFGBP\GTEBXNBK[KO[VTNGCPXZKONPQSGUFPBFFT[KZK\GBKNL.

R[BGC\GBZHFEZLP[N[PZKFCQBNIRQ,GDOCRG,BNIRQCQ[PZKF)ZBG:B’CZY\,

[VZKZPXZKO:FFRFDFFKFGEK\CVGSJBJCPIXK\FZB[GRF[NFPBFFBI\-T[ZF,

\N=BCKC\[R"F,TP’150(.MLPMGRFNT\KOYZGCG\DOKGSUBCQBCK\GZCMG\ZG\

[CZB[VKGJKG.

13NIKCGZKGCTRKKRKFNMFZBG:P"TVZKEPQ,’\[GC\"FZC"Z’KFGEFCQKGSUFMFQTN

K\GPFYJRF[F[KBGFGRBVF’,B’BEZTK)TGZL(,TKGRKFNMFGP[VJNMCGEVZGVSGZ

BFZQYKZ[RCBGO,EKRKK[ZBN,M=MB)\["S=\[S"B(,TP’329=.351ZBGDOSVZ

FCDZG\NZC[PGBNCQIVRKDBGQGSVZF[RKONZCKFGEFFMFQZB[FSEZ,PFEGZ\

\’PKJ[OGP’VZRYN,KZG[NKO\[R"J.

14FMGGRFNXKEGYFEKQ’B[BEKTK’FPGCBCVRKO)[KZC(.FMG\Z\FP\GBZM\[CZB[G

P[MFB\\[GP\NCO[NFFKSJGZKGRKO,BLNPKJCKEKT\KF[KZJZOREVS.F[KZ

RHMZDOBXNBNGRK,CKQIKCGZKO[GRKO[FGBPKKISNKFGEFFMFQFZC,GBGNOSVY

BOMGNOPKEFBIZGQFO.ZBG:R’BNGRK,’[\KZ[KPG\SVZKOBGJGDZVKO[NZCKKGSU

ZB[FSEZ’,YZK\SVZ,NI)\[M"D(,TP’548=.549

PBQ,[FTNFB\EPG\GNZB[GRF,HKFFBG\GMCRG[NKGSUFMFQBC)BIKG

[NBNKFGFMFQ(,CQNP[VI\FMGFRKOFBZWK[ZBNKKOFPGMZ\PPDKN\

BCK\ZFPVGZSP\15

.GBGNO,PBQFKFDOPK[PXBG[VZSOB\FYGNGVGQ

[CGRHMZBEOBIZC[OKFGEFFMFQCQKGSUFZCCQBNTHZ,GFGB[\KYQ

B\FHKFGKFYGEO16

.HB\GTGE,PFP[LFM\GCCYGNGVGQTGN@FYZC\G[N

KFGEFFMFQBNFZ@[G\FCCNK\:’EP\YZKPQCK\EKQFDEGN[NBEGRRG

KIHYKFG)CQ(EGEZB[)DNGKG\MN(K[ZBNFZCFDEGNZB[FSEZH’Y’N’’17

.

PMBQPS\CZ[[RKKFGEFFMFQCQKGSUNVRKRG.BIEXBXBNP[VI\

FDBGRKOFBZWK[ZBNKO,GFBIZRMEG[NBNTHZ,[FGBRG[BEKGRRGMBQ.

["EDGKJKKQJKVNCEPG\GGCPVTNG[NKFGEFFMFQ,GFGSKU,CPBPZG

’FZC’,18

PPXBKOIE[KOGI[GCKOTNBGEG\KG.BU[NBXKKQHB\CPVGZ[,

RZBF[ECZKGCPBPZHF19

PMGGRKONPVTNG[NKFGEFFMFQCQKGSUCQ

BNTHZ,PK[FKF,CBPXTFPBFFBI\-T[ZF,PRFKDOFZGIRK[NFKFGEKO

FP#DZCKOCPXZKO,G[TPECY[ZKF\M\CG\TRVFTOBK[KOI[GCKO

GP[VKTKOCKRKFO.P[FDKNZKMHB\T[ZG\F\TGEG\FRGDTG\NKFGEFFMFQ

’FZC’)RMEBNTHZ(,GSKMOB\FKEGTTNKGGTNPVTNGFSVZG\KC\IGPKO

~366|

JGCFCBZK

15NPDKNFHGZBG,P’DKN,’PDKN\BCK\Z{PYGZN\GNEG\PBCYKF[NK[KC\KZG[NKO

CPIXK\F[RKKF[NFPBFFBI\-T[ZF’,C"HYEZ)TGZL(,VZYKOC\GNEG\KZG[NKO

CKPKFCKRKKO,KZG[NKO\[N"J,TP’39=.106

16ZBG:J. Mann, The Jews in Egypt and in Palestine under the Fatimid Caliphs2,I-II, New York 1970, pp. I, 99; II, 101, 346.

17NRGSIFYGNGVGQGNFTZ\F\KYGQ[NPBQZBG[O,TP’.346FYGNGVGQREVS[RK\BXN

BNGRK)NTKNFTZF14(,TP’549)G[O,CFTZF21,RZ[PFSKDRJGZF[DGKF;

FSKDRJGZFFRMGRFPGVKTFBXNPBQ(.ZBGDOBXNVZKEPQ)NTKNFTZF13(,TP’335,

CSGUFTZF.17

18["EDGKJKKQ,’"FZC",CKZGZVZ[FS\GPFC\GNEG\FDBGRG\[NBZWK[ZBNTOPM\C

[N"C\ZB[FK[KCF"’,\ZCKW,PF)\[N"G(,TP’65=.75CSVZGLetters of MedievalJewish Traders, Princeton 1972, p. 173 n. 2,DGKJKKQPHFFB\KFGEFFMFQFZCTO

KFGEFFMFQPCRKFMGFRKOFDBGRKOPBZWK[ZBN.

19BCNZBGTGE["EDGKJKKQ,’FGSVG\NPBPZ"TNP[Z\FZCCPXZKOCPBG\FK"B

GFK"C"’,\ZCKW,PG)\[N"H(,TP’152=.153GBGNO,TNBUF\KYGQCHKFGK[OSCG[N

KFGEFFMFQCQKGSU)CTYCG\FYGNGVGQ[VZSOPBQ~NTKNFTZF16|(,DGKJKKQPIHKY

CETF[’FZC’FGBPXBXBKFMGFRKOFBZWK[ZBNKKO.NETG\BIZG\CB[ZNPGXBG

ZBGNFNQ,CVRKOGCFTZF.21

F[GRKO20

.FGBDOFTNFB\FBV[ZG\[PGXBG[N’FZC’FGBPQFPDZC,

MRZBFPSD’KNPBSF21

.FPPXBKOFPDGGRKOTNFBK[PXKKZKOEPG\[N

PRFKDCTN[KTGZYGPF,\NPKEIMOGVGSYFNMF,[TPEC[RG\FIPK[KO

[NFPBFFBI\-T[ZFC\IZG\PGNTNKFICZCQTPZOTNKZG[\PYGPG

[NBVZKOCQ[PZKFCFRFD\YFKN\FKZG[NPKOCVSJBJ,TNBU[KKMG\G

)MTEG\FYGNGVGQ(GYZC\GBNFPRFKDKOFCCNKKOCBHGZ)FGBFKFCKQ

F\GPMKOCPKRGKG[NERKBNCQTHZKFNDBGRG\,GNBIZ[RKO\PLDOCCRG,

EGKE(.BKQCMGGR\RGNPXG\MBQB\PF[MCZIYZGGSKMPGFFKSJGZKGRKO

BGEG\KFGEFFMFQ’FZC’.CKY[RGZYNFXCKTTNY[KKOPSGKPKO[FKGPR\

INYOCCGBONCZZB\HFG\GGN[ZJJB\EPG\G.MPGFOR\YNKONBBI\

DOIGYZKF[KZFCCTKG\[NHKFGK,MVK[RZBFCFP[L.

MCZXGKQ[FFKSJGZKGRKOFHMKZGB\F[KZFBIE’B[BEKTK’)NFNQ,[KZ

C(,[CZB[GZ[GO\BZKLIKCGZG)1079(GKKIGSPVGZ[NKFGEFFMFQFZC.MN

PK[YGZBKXKZFHGP\Z[OCGGEBK[PICZGFGBKGXZPKGPQGNBIZHQPXGK,

GTNMQSCKZNFRKI[IKCZ[KZKORGSVKO.GBMQ,CKQEVKDRKH\YFKZRPXBG

[KZKOBNF.TGEKGETKOBRG,CTYCG\I[KV\FYGNGVGQFRHMZGMQPPM\CKO

[[ZEGCTXOM\CKEGFRBF,[KFGEFFMFQTSYDOCFT\YG\[NSVZKO

GVKGJKO22

.GMCZFTKZDGKJKKQ[BKQN\PGFTNML[IMOI[GCMPGFGFT\KY

~367|


20ZBGP’DKN,BZWK[ZBNC\YGVFFPGSNPK\FZB[GRF,B,\N=BCKC\[P"D,TP’

223=224,GZBG[OCFTZG\FPVGZJG\NSTKU.378N\TGEG\ZBG[O,D,TNVK

FPV\I.F[NPG\G\KYGRKONPYGZG\TN’FZC’ZBGVZKEPQ,\[GC\FZC)NTKN,FTZF

13(,TP’331,FTZF6;TP’335,FTZF.17TNKFGEFFMFQPRFKDO[NFPDZCKO

CVSJBJCBPXTFPBFFBI\-T[ZFZBGDOP’VZRYN,FBGFCKOGFREKCKO:TKNK\

PRFKDFCYZCKFGEKBNMSREZKFCKPKFCKRKKO,KZG[NKO\[S"H,TP’686)CPV\I(,

G[O\TGEG\52G=.65GZBGDOB’CZY\)NTKNFTZF12(,TP’303CPV\I.

21NFXTF[GRF,MBKNGFKFPGXBGPBZXG\FRGXZKO,PRZCGQ,ZBGP’MFQJewish Self-Government in Medieval Egypt, New Jersey 1980, pp. 105-107.NIKHGY

F[TZFHGZBGVZKEPQ)NTKNFTZF13(,TP’331,G[OFTZF.8

22CM\CKEYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJF,T-S 8 K 22.8,[CGPGT\YFYGNGVGQFRHMZ,

PGT\YG\NVRKMQ,CTXOM\CKEG[NKFGEFFMFQFZC,F\ING\VKGJKO[GRKO,MRZBF

INYPYGRJZSVKGJKONKGOFMKVGZKO.PBQ,CSVZG)NTKNFTZF16(,TP’346,MCZXKKQ

NVKGJKO[CEU2T"C[CPYGZHF,G\FF[OBOBNFKXKZG\KG[NKFGEFFMFQBG

FT\YFP[NHGN\G.CTHZ\FPBDZ[NPVTNF[KZFGFVKGJCDRKHFHKFK\KB\T[Z\

FVKGJKO[CZ[KPF,GBNFFO:1C[P’>L<ZIP’>RB<Z[G\’B\KXCFCPYFNG\’

IKCGZKONBNG:’PQFPVGZSPG\[DO[GVJKOPGSNPKODEGNKOGZCKF[VTF

PEKRK\FKGSGVZKOPXGKRKOCM\C=KEO,GK[PFO[VZRS\OFK\FCML’23

.

[KZKKFGEFFMFQ

CPBDZ[NFPVTNNIYZF[KZFGFVKGJCDRKHFTN[OTHZBVNKK[ZRZ[PG

CSLFMGNBIET[ZVKGJKO[GRKO[[OPICZOFGBKFGEFFMFQ,BLMPGCQ

BKQCMLMEKNKKISB\MGNONP[GZZRG.ZYVKGJBIE,’B[BEKTK’,PKGIS

CZ[KPG\FNNGNKFGEFFMFQFZC,P[GOMG\Z\GFPVGZ[\[MCZFHMZRG.

BLDOF[KZFZB[GQFP\VZSOMBQ,’BGKFNLRV[K’,[BPXTGISZ,RG[B

MG\Z\FPBV[Z\,CXKZGUNI\KPF[C\GMG,NKKISBG\GCCKJIGQNP[GZZRG:

FMG\Z\BGPROPTJNYGKF,BGNORK\QNVTRICFB\FPKNKO’NZCKRGKFGEF

~...|FZC’,GF[KZI\GOCSGVG:’KFGEFFMFQIHY’.HKFGKF[KZF[NK[K,

’B\FRGZBB\FCSGENFYKZKBKL’,GKKIGSGNKFGEFFMFQ,24

F\BV[ZGFGEG\

~368|

JGCFCBZK

)BRGRKPK(;2PTPE)=YEG[\B(’BPX\FXEYBERK’)BRGRKPK(;3VHP’>GQ<’TNKGRKO

G\I\GRKOKVXG’)BRGRKPK(;4CTEF)=BIZKG(’BK[YGZBCDZGQ’)YNKZK(;5CTEF’BKQ

TZGLBNKL’)YNKZK(;6CTEFG’[V\KRG’)MRZBFF\INF[N’[V\KRGR[NPF\PGZ[K’

NSMQ(;7CTEF’BN[\PBH’)YNKZK(;8CTEF’PT[FBNFKRGBEKZCGKTGEG’)YNKZK(;

9CTEF’CZMKBCZ\GBPX\’)ZS"D(;10\O)=BIZML(’BKNKPZGOBGPZKOFKNGNG’

)YNKZK(.VKGJKO3=10FOYJTKFZICFCYEG[\B)[\IKN\F’BPX\FXEY’(NKGO

FMKVGZKO.N[RKFVKGJKOFZB[GRKONBPXB\KPYCKNG\.CFP[LFT\KYKFGEFFMFQ

FZCTGEYJTVKGJ)[\KPIZGHG\[SGVQNYGK(,GCZB[GM\GC:\PBO)=F[NPF(NPK

MPGL’PKMP’>GMF<KGTWGPYKOSGPL’)NBFXNI\KNHFG\B\F\IN\FYJTFHF(.

Z[KPG\MBNFGEGPKFQBKRQREKZG\CDRKHF.PF[PTRKKQCZ[KPFHGFKBF\GSV\,XKGQ

FPYGZ[Z’KFGEFZ[ONXEMNBIEPFVKGJKOFNNG.NKE[NG[\FZB[GRKOZ[O:

MJK)=CM\CKEK,EFKKRGK[NKRGSIPGT\YPVKGJKOBNF(.NXEK\ZFVKGJKOZ[OMMN

FRZBFB\[PG\FPT\KYKOBGCTNKM\CKFKE[TNVKFOFMKQB\FZ[KPF.F[PG\

FO:’RXZGQ’,NKEVKGJKO4G=10,G’[GYKZ’,NKEVKGJKO5=.7NKEVKGJ9Z[O:BNVKGPK

)GFVKGJBMQ[NZCSTEKFDBGQ(.BRKPGEFNVZGV’IDKCQ[PBK[THZNKCVTRGI

FZ[GPG\FTZCKG\FNNGGFXKTB\VKZG[Q.

23DGKJKKQ)NTKNFTZF18(,TP’.74NFTZX\M\CKEG[NZ’KFGEFGNSDGNFFJPGRFCG

ZBGVZKEPQ)NTKNFTZF13(,TP’335=.336

24CPBDZFPVTNNIYZF[KZFGFVKGJFGBKGISNKGSUBCQBCK\GZ,MVK[KGISGNBCQ

BCK\GZDOPYCKNG\BIZG\P[NVKGJKKFGEFFMFQCQKGSU.MHMGZ,DOBCQBCK\GZ

PMGRF\MGVG\’FZC’)ZBGNTKNFTZF12(,GSDRGQ[KZKGYZGCNT\KONSDRGRG[N

KFGEFFMFQ.

NMG\Z\[R[\PZFPTNYZTTNKGQ[NEUCBGSUBENZ2870.10CCK\

FPEZ[NZCRKOCRKGKGZY,[N[GRFML:BIZ\NNPTRKNFHX"N)=~VKGJ|RGSU

CBG\GRG[B,NG~MNGPZ,NPICZF[KZFYGEO[CM\CFKE|(.NVRKGPGT\Y\

CPYGZHFFPIZGH\FBIZGRFPQFVKGJF[RK’B[BEKTK’,[CTNG\G[N

P[GZZRGTNKGCZGZF.MVK[RZBFCFP[LK[RQTEGKG\VRKPKG\,\GMRKG\

GSDRGRKG\,FPXCKTG\TNML[[NG[\F[KZKOFNNGPKEKKGXZBIEKXBG.K[

NYGG\[TOVZSGO[KZKOBNFRK\QKFKFNHFG\[KZKORGSVKO[NKFGEF

FMFQ[R[\YTGCDRKHG\25

.

F[VTG\P[KZ\G[NEGKEFR[KBTNKFGEFFMFQRKMZG\FKJCCHFEKF

[NG’BGKFNLRV[KPEZMKLFRSGDG\’26

.MPGBXNEGKEFR[KBCZGC[KZKG,

CRGK[KZHFC\CRK\SJZGVK\PZGCT\JGZKO,MB[ZFIZGHP\INUPPIZGH\

NPIZGH\,GCZB[KFPIZGHG\SGPQBYZGSJKMGQBNVCK\K,BG\NPIZGH\.B\

[PGZ[OKFGEFFMFQCZB[KFJGZKO[N[NG[FPIZGHG\FBIZGRG\.

CPYGZFFMKNFFKXKZFF[NPFT[ZKOGIP[PIZGHG\PZGCTG\,MNGPZ

PBFJGZK[KZ.BCNFYJTFBPXTK,PIZGHG\N=Z,NB[ZE27

.NBZYBGZMG

FPGVND[NF[KZEGPFN[KZKEGKEFR[KB,DOPKNG\FV\KIFPHMKZG\

[KZKOEGPKO[NZ’EGKE,MDGQ’BGKNRV[KMKFZCK\K\NGRG\’BG’BKNLRV[K

MPF\\KFZK’GMQ’BZKGLRV[KCMK’28

.C[KZG[NKFGEFFMFQPYGKPKOZGC

F\MRKOFPXGKKODOC[KZKEGKEFR[KBPQFSGDFHF.FRPTR\C[KZFKB

FRV[FIGJB\,FKFKZF,FP\VBZ\CTG[Z,CGJI\C[ZZFGRFRK\P\TRGDG\

FTGNOFHF:’Bzr&Za@J#I#vaT@rZ+xas@Z]KOG\#TzReDf\’)JGZ2(,BLPSZC\

~369|


25NFTZM\KCKQ\GMIG\BGXKEGYKEKQ,[ZGCOBKROI\GPKOC[OPICZKFO,K[ROTGE

YJTKKXKZF[NKFGEFFMFQ,BLNT\T\FBKQEZLNHFG\O.

26TKYZVTKNG\G[NEGKEFR[KBP\GTE\NPIXK\FZB[GRF[NFPBFFBI\-T[ZF,

BCNBKQKGETKOP\KRVJZ.KFGEFFMFQ,[F\PGEE,MBPGZ,TNFRFD\YFNFKZG[NPKO

CVSJBJCBPXTFPBF,CGGEBKMCZFKFBEOCGDZGPGMZCHPQFFGB.NVKMLBV[Z

[FMKZBK[K\B\EGKEFR[KBGNPEP[KZKG.

27PT\KYM\CFKE[NRGSIFVRKO)ZBGNKEF[KZ(F\IKNNZ[GOB\PIZGH\M"U,BCN

EKNDP[OBNPIZGH\[K"QGFP[KLTEFSGU.BKQSVY[F[KZFPYGZKFMKNB\MN

FPIZGHG\.BKQC[KZMNBPXTKIKXGRK,MDGQYK[GJK\CRK\BGZVZKQ[TNVKFORK\Q

KFKFNHFG\,C[NCHF,B\FYJTKO[R[ZGPFKXKZFFBZGMF.

28N[KZKEGKEFR[KBZBGCSVZK)NTKNFTZF4(,[KZKOG)TP’95=100(;KC)TP’

123=128(;NB)221=228(.

NYCNPGSZGP\TNP\PQFXVGKNFCKGOFEKQ:’BfF&C&\IzN@Yf\PfB&S&\

RMfIf\’)JGZ18(.PTRKKRKOFXKGZKO[CFOP[GGFKFGEFFMFQ,TNEZL

FF[BNF,B\FIJBKOFZCKOGB\FTGR[FPDKTTNKFON\CGBF[FC[KNF

GXVGKFNYXKZF,BGNMZO[FDKTFT\NHPGZB\TRVKG:’j]KC@r#NYX]KZ+x

GM#ZP+xR]HP#Z’)JGZ38(.B\\GXBG\PT[KFFZTKO[NFRV[,B[ZBKRQ

RPIG\NTGNO,FGBPP[KNCXKGZBKZGRKNFBMNF[NBPZXGQPVKZG\

FPT[KOFZTKO:’GT#NoZ]KP#Tzs#K]xv]e@\Z]KBzCeS@F’)JGZ36(.MPGBXNEGKE

FR[KB,DOC[KZFHFK[PVRF\GMRKNYZB\SGVG.ECZKFFJVFFY[KO

GFPJZKEKO[RP[MGNBGZLZGCF[KZPGINVKOCN[GRG\[NTKEGEGTXG\

N\KYGQ,GC\GLHFFCMKF\PKEK[FGBSPNNIZJF)DOC[KZFFXGVK\

FTZCK\(,MPGNP[NCPIZGH\[CFP\IKNFP[GZZB\I\KP\[PG:

K@E+xF@r]KC]KP+T@G&NG\fBzR@F

F#IzH]KY]KCX&E&YeZT]KC&B<PeR@F

GF]m@XN]KP]o#IeP+I&Z&CrReR@F

c]PT@\+xF#b]KZ]KK@P]KOT#Nr@R@F)JGZKO53=56(.

ZYCPIZGH\FBIZGRFTGNFNZB[GRFBHMGZG[NFBNMRPTQ[BNKGK[

NVRG\C\VKNFGCCY[\PIKNF.CBGVQHF’PM[KZ’KFGEFFMFQB\F[KZ,

MVK[RFDNVRKGEGKEFR[KBCINYPVKGJKG,29

NCGBCYFNFP\VNNKO.MVK

[RZBFNKPSKGPGGMQPQFZPGHCXKZGU’j]KV@R@FF#ifO’[CJGZ8,FPICZ

FGTKE\GMIFHGNKGOFMKVGZKO,BGNKN[T\FRTKNF.

F[KZF[RKGF[NK[KFOXKEGYKEKQTNVKKKTGEOFPGXFZ,GFVSGY

’FXGZ\PKOVTNG’)ECZKONC,E(P[P[C[RKFOMZVZKQ,M[O[FGBP[P[

ZVZKQCFZCFVKGJKOPQFSGDFHF.\CRK\[RKFVKGJKOEGPFCTKYZGQ:FO

CRGKKOPPIZGHG\PZGCTG\JGZKO,[FIZGHCFQP\INUPPIZGH\NPIZGH\.

FJGZKOPSGEZKOTNVKBYZGSJKMGQBNVCK\K)CZB[GQ:[NG[BG\KG\

CPIZGH\MB[ZFBG\FZB[GRFPGMVN\;CVKGJF[RK[NG[BG\KG\

NPIZGH\,TEFBG\SP"L(30

.ZCKOPVKGJKXKEGYFEKQ,MPGBNF[NVRKRG,

~370|

JGCFCBZK

29ZBGTNMLCSVZK)NTKNFTZF2(,TP’.41

30CMNFPYGZG\[CFOPGT\Y[KZHFFGBPS\KKOMBQ.

BKROI\GPKOC[OFPICZ.C[RKF[KZKOFJGZFZCKTKFGBSKGP\PYZBK\

[TRKKRFYZGCNRG[BFREGQ.C[KZ’B\FRGZBB\F’PNGYJG\FSKGPG\

PPYGPG\[GRKO.MRDEHF,C[KZ’B[BEKTK’CIZZ’KFGEFCEZLPYGZK\

GKKIGEK\N[CWCSGVKFPIZGHG\B\YJTKFVSGYKODGEPSVZECZKONC.

CSKGPF[NMGNPIZGH\FGBP[PKJPKNFBI\P\IKN\YJTFVSGY

FPXGJJGPGSKUPKNFPFP[LFVSGYCSGUFXKJGJ.PKNFBIZGRFHG

YGCT\,MPGCQ,B\IZGHF[NFPIZGH\FR\GRF31

.

MCZFTZRGNPTNF[K[YZCF\GMRK\GZTKGRK\CKQF\GMIG\NCKQXKEGYK

EKQ:C[RKFOPHMKZKONBEOB\BVSG\IKKGGB\FPGG\FYZCTNPR\NHZHG

NIHGZC\[GCF.CXKEGYKEKQ,FRBPZKOTNVKZGCNKEFYCZFV\GIC[T\

FNGGKF,K[BVGBPYGOJCTKNFZIKCC\KBGZKFPGG\TNMNRGZBG\KG.CMN

HB\RZBFNK[JKVGNG[NKFGEFFMFQCRG[BKOBNFIGZDCPKE\PFPQ

FPXGKCEZLMNNC[KZKOMBNF32

.FXKGZKOFVNSJKKO[NFPGG\,TNFIG[L

FRGZBFJPGQCG,TNZTCGRGFCN\KRK\QNZKSGQFCGNTGFPTj+NMNKXGZNNB

~371|


31CTHZ\FZ[GPG\[CPBDZPVTNF[KZFGFVKGJCDRKHFPXB\KTGEXKEGYEKQBIE

FCRGKC[KJFEGPF,BGNKP\GIMP\TGEKG\Z,[F\IN\G:’FXGZBGPZMNPVTNRDEG

RXGZ’.DOCGPS\KKP\MNPIZGH\C[KJFFRYGJFC[KZG[NZCKFGEF,BNB[MBQ

PGSKUFVKKJQB\PKNG\FVSGYCZB[KFPIZGHG\GPTPKEMLVSGYPSDZ\NVKGJ.

F\GSV\FPKGIE\FKBCML[FPKNFFVG\I\B\FPIZGH\HFFNPKNFFIG\P\BG\F,

TNVKN[GQFVSGY.MLFPIZGH\FZB[GRFRV\I\GPS\KKP\CPKNF’FXGZ’,F[RKKF

C’\PKO’,F[NK[K\C’VTNG’GMQFNBF.CBIEPPYGZG\KGPGT\YNVRK[KZHFVKGJ[N

[PGBNF[NK[K,GVZGV’VNKK[ZFTKZ[O[DOVKGJHFFGBMRZBF[N[PGBN

F[NK[K,TNVKSDRGRG.TOHB\,NET\KK[NKKISB\F[KZNSFNBQCQBCZFO,P[GO

[TOSKGOFBYZGSJKMGQFBNVCK\KRKMZ\\IKN\FI\KPF’SF~NBQ|’)FPYGZYJGT(.

PMNPYGO,DOSFNBQVTNNVRKKFGEFFMFQ,GKK\MQBVGB[FVKGJFHF[KP[NG

PGV\.FECZRKMZNBZYC\CRK\GBNBDOCMPFPQFPKNKOGFCKJGKKOFP[G\VKO

N[RKFO,NP[N:’CXGZ’,’RGBN’,GBVKNG’KGRVJ’,GCBKOCGDOJGZKOMDGQ:’JGCKO

GZTKO[GKOCDHKZ\PKNGNG’BG’RPGDKOIKNPG\GFONGNPBMN’,FEGPKONMPFPJGZKG

[NZCKFGEF.

32C[NG[\F[KZKOFP\VZSPKOMBQIGHZKOZTKGRG\GRKSGIKOEGPKO,FPIHYKOB\

CTNG\G[NKFGEFFMFQTN[NG[\O,GCFCT\DOPXCKTKOTNYZCF\GMRK\CKQ[RK

FSGDKO,F\GMIFGXKEGYFEKQ.F[GGEZLP[NJGZKOMDGQ:’MNIG[LJPGQCICNKG

GIMKG’)[KZC,JGZ22(BN’JPGQICNLGPNMGE\LVZG[F’)[KZB,JGZ33(.G[GC’KGO

FPG\MGNOCIM\GNGNPBMN’)[KZD,JGZKO13=14(,BN’JGCKOGZTKOKIEKNIGL

GKBMGN//KIETNTVZK[MKCONTMGN’)[KZC,19=20(,GTGE.

FCIRF,FOTHKOGXCTGRKKOCPKGIE.IE[RKGPZTRQFGBFBGVQ[CGP\BZZC

KFGEFC[KZ’B[BEKTK’B\FKISCKQFDGUNCKQFR[PF,FY[GZKOHFCHG

GFVGTNKOHFTNHGMHGD,BOMKGEBKNBHGDBKEKBNK:’o@T#N\@N@ReHfF#m&V&r

F#m#[email protected]#e+FKreT#\~F#geD|F#PT#m&FGF#PTAGm@F’)JGZKO34,36(.PTRKKR\DO

FSJKKFPQFRKSGIFPMNKN[CZGCF[KZBNFRKPFFBK[K\CYJTKOBIEKO

C[KZFHF)JGZKO14=16GFPIZGH\[NVRKFBIZGRF(.MBQK[VRKKFBNFBN

CCY[FNZIPKO,DOBOKEGT[TNVKPKE\FEKQBKQNBEOMN\YGGF.BKQ

SVY[NVRKRGKXKZF[KZK\FCRGKFN\NVKG\,FQC\MRKFGFQCTKXGCF

F\CRK\K.BKQVNBTNMQ[F[KZHMFNFT\YG\ZCG\)PXB\K[PGRF

PYCKNG\,NBMGNQ[NPG\([R[\PZGCDRKHF.

DOCVKGJ’B\FRGZBB\F’,BUTNVK[FGBYXZCFZCF)MVK[XKKRG,

FGB[ZEP[GOPFCMNPYGZG\KGZYTEFBG\SP"L(G[\CRK\GV[GJF,K[

BNPRJKOEGPKONBNF[FTNKRGPQFVKGJFYGEO.DOMBQRPXBB\FPGG\

P\GBZMK[G\XEFGJGZV\,MDGQCJGZ14:’jAGk@OaI#j@\fNfNP#BzM@N’,GDOCG

K[SJKKFPQFPFNLFPMNKN[NZGCF[KZCVRKKFBK[K\BNFBNCPIZGH\

F[NK[K\[N[GRFML:

HM‘ZR@BZ]VKfR]KGB#Nv#BzE]KC+KR]K

IfP&ZTzs]K\@R]KB#Nv#YJ]KC+KR]K

JfC~eP+J]|KCFzM#l#J@Z@Fv#p]KC+R]K

GB&NT@V@Zvr]KC+KR]K

DOF\MRKOGDOEZMKFPCTP[G\VKOBVGBNMN[NG[\VKGJKG[NZ’KFGEF

FMFQCQKGSUFREVSKOMBQ.

~372|

JGCFCBZK

SKMGO

[NG[\F[KZKO[FGCBGMBQFOKCGNYJQBCNBKMG\K,VZKTJG[NBK[

XKCGZPMGCE,PRFKDG\NPKEIMO,[’IJB’CM\KC\[KZFNT\PXGB,MVK

[RFDGCHPRGGCPYGPGMPTJMNFP[MKNKOGFPRFKDKO33

.[KZKORM\CGNBZY

CKEKVKKJRKOGIHRKOPYXGTKKO.ICZ\FDRKHFFKK\FICZFBGFC\[KZF

GXGZM\[KZF.CKQFIZHRKOFZCKO[[ZKEKKXKZG\KFOPPNBKOB\EVK

FDRKHFCGNJG\CBKMG\QKXKZG\PVZKTJG[NKFGEFFMFQCQKGSUFZC.

KXKZG\BNFBUPTKEG\TNYNKJ\F[VTG\PGSNPKG\XGVKG\CKQKFGEKHPRG,

\FNKL[FINMMNFRZBFCCCNCZB[K\FPBFFBI\-T[ZFGF\V[JDO

CPXZKOGBGNKCBZXG\RGSVG\.

~373|


33FTGCEF[MNF[KZKORPXBGPGT\YKOCPSVZPYGZG\PYCKNKO)[NG[FN[KZB;

[PGRFN[KZC;G[K[FN[KZD(,PNPE\TNFFTZMF[NFHMGF[KZKOCYZCFXKCGZ.

MVK[XKKR\KNPTNF)CFTZF25(,BRKP[GMRT\[[KZKORGSVKO[NKFGEFFMFQCQ

KGSUJPGRKOTEKKQCM\CKKE[JZOHGFG.

F[KZKO

B

PYGZG\:

M"KBENZ,RKGKGZY,CK\FPEZ[NZCRKO(FGP No. 18627-8) ENA 2387.2-3)1=40

’\PZ’;Z[OM"UGFP[KLCBG\[K"Q,SGU(,R.

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJF,T-S NS 299.158)1=43’KBZKIGL’,NYGKCINYG(,B.

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJF,T-S Misc. 26 53/9)1=16’\GNTF’MVKGJ[NO.

BIZKGVKGJ[MG\Z\G:[CINBNFKK[ZBN(,C.

~HFEKFNZCKRG|KFGEF~...ZC|N’>IQ<MC\GNFIDGZ\[Y

BfK@FN@xR#Vr]KP]cZ@M#K]x~F#|mSfDf\

Bzr&Za@J#I#vaT@rZ+xas@Z]KOG\#TzReDf\

F@Y]KX]KeCM]KGB#Nv]vR]KVeDf\

GB+V&Zj#k&I&Ov@Ner]KTeDf\

~374|

JGCFCBZK

MG\Z\:HFEKFNZC~KRG|KFGE~F|~...|ZCH"NB[CIBIZC.

NBRZ[PGIKNGVKDZSBG\ZDKNKO[NM\KCPNBGISZ.

2C[KZKOC

CMG\Z\XGKQFNIQ’MC\GNFIDGZ\[Y’,GFMGGRFMMNFRZBFNBI\P[\KFYKRG\

N\[TFCBC[PIZGH\FV\KIF[NFQHFF:’BNKXKGQGTZKF/MPGB[FCXKZKF/

GMC\GNFIDGZ\[Y/TNCTNRTGZKF’)RHMZBXNEGKESGQ,BGXZF[KZFGFVKGJ2

,RKG

KGZY\["N,B,1333*(.N[\KFYKRG\FNNGZBGCPIHGZBZOXGCB,EVKO[KEG=[MC.

ZBGMT\CPFEGZFVYSKPKNK\[NFPIHGZ:P’CRKFG,K’VZRYNG[’BNKXGZ)TGZMKO(,

SKEGZ\VKNG\MVKPRFDY"YBZOXGCB,KZG[NKO\[S"H=\[S"I.

CKBGZ:1FRSGDG\:FRNGHG\,FPJG\BG\LPEZLFK[Z.2C[ZKO:C[ZZF,GCPYGZC’C[KZKO’,GBGNKFGBTEKU.3BN\\RKVGDG\:BN\VSKYK,FN[GQTNVKBKMFC,

KI.4GBVZ...TGDG\:TNVK\FNKOYC,K:’BVZMNIOBMN\K’,C[KNGCTOCZB[K\

5aR]Kj@T@ra+K\+xj]KY@Z+CF#ifO

IeN]KGDeZ]KP]o#I#ERfZ@BGB@KfO

or‘J]KGTfZ]KeC#qr]KV]EKfO

eET]KB+KVfBj]KV@R@FF#ifO

bfZP#Fv@DeZ]KaC@v]KOeC#TzN]if\

10PreI]KOar@r#ZI&Pc#\j@NsM]if\

r#TzZ+KF&OKAGj\eCr]l@PfQerB]if\

v]j@NB]Kar#I#\aCfZG\#Iv]if\

2T"Cc#ZGSfI&Z&\P#Fv]KDT]KNF#p]KT@F

vM+N&\GB#Zb@P@QI&Pc#\j@NXC]KT@F

15F+QY@ZCeK@P#K]xe\CfB+xbG]KT@F

v#Iv+xKAGp#TZ]l@Fe\M#n+xvfN+T@F

~375|


5CRK|CRFB/YZGCBC6GDGZK|GDGIKC7V[GJKKEKLC/GTGZK|ISZC12\MNBK|

G\CGBKC/\I\KG\C14XCKTF|\CKTFC

KI,G:’NG[KGT[KTADG\’.5CRKMT[CK\L:TNVKBKGCMH,KI.PTKQVRKKFBKZGRK\

BNFRV[[\YKUB\FDGU)’CK\L’(CYGZKOEYKOMPG\GNT\FT[.BNFRYZTKOCYNG\

GMLFBEOBKRGKMGNNFKG\PGDQ.FKGO:KGOFEKQ.6RGZBGBKGO:MKRGKKONYC"F.

7V[JKGTZK:FZKPKKEKLC\IKRFGF\TGZZK)P\RGP\SMNG\L(.FN[GQTNVKK[TKF

NC,KB.VEKGO:MPG:VEKGQ,FXNF.8VRFFKGO:TCZGIKKL)GBGNKZPHDONKKTGE

FVKGJN\VKN\RTKNF[NKGOMKVGZ(.NN[GQF[GG\FNKOX,J:’MKMNKPKRGVRG

CTCZ\L’.FXKZGU’MKVRFFKGO’NYGIMN[GRGPKZPKFG,E,GDO[OFGBPJVGZK.

9=10CC\KO...[[Z:CPDGZKOPVGBZKOTOPEZDG\GDDG\XCGTKOCXCTBEGO

)C’[[Z’(NRGK.FN[GQTNVKKZPKFMC,KE.11[TZKFO...G[BKG\:FC\KOG[TZKFOKKTHCGGKFKG[GPPKOPCNKKG[CCFO,GFN[GQTNVKK[TKFME,KC.12\MNBK...G\I\KG\:MKB\)FRV[FRPTR$\[MRKCYCZ.13EZGSGIZ\:BCRKOKYZG$BS\ZB,G(.NFXKTF:NFXKDNZBGGF.14\MN\GBZDPQ:CEKOKYZKO)[PG\MG,NBGTGE(.IPE\MNXCKTF:FKYZKO[CBZKDKOFXCGTKO.15DGKTF:PGG\.16\I\L...\GNTF:TNVKK[TKFKE,KBCF\BPFNPKQRYCFC[NFVRKKFNRV[.

F#m@BG@FGF#PTAGm@D@FPS@Z&M&\B>GZ@If\

BfF&C&\IzN@Yf\PfB&S&\RMfIf\

FzN‘Bv]YI]KPeS@Ze\E#aZ]KX@If\

20BeN#Kv]n@\Z]KaKfOPeM@If\

esB]KP@ZfOT+KR#K]xGB&NF@B@Z&WP]v#I#\

a]KR]Kr@P#K]OR]PN@I]KOGF@B@Z&WR&B<N#I#\

GB+Kxv]rYJ]KjPfD&V&QSfZ#I#\

eVT@P#K]xP#h]KOP]qfNo#I#EG@V#I#\

25H]MZ]KB#IzZ]K\+xj]KMfS+xP@Z@F

v]rv]KG\@Pfp]KG\@ReT]Kjr]jfZ@F

vR]KYfNj#IfN@FX@Z@FjP#Cj]KZ@F

BeN#Kv]PXB]KP@TfHaKfOX@Z@F

~376|

JGCFCBZK

17FRBGF|FRGFB/P[ZM\B

17FRBGFGFPTGRDF:MKRGKKONR[PF,GFN[GQTNVKKZPKFG,C.PSZM\BGZIG\:FGNM\CEZMKOTYNYNG\.NN[GQF[GGKZPKFC,MD.18INYG\:ECZKINYG\,IRGVF.RMGIG\:ECZKBP\,GF[GGK[TKFN,K.19G\ECZKXIG\:CN[GQCZGZFGPEGKY\.

20KGOPGMIG\:CKGO[KGMKIGBG\L,CKGOFEKQ.21G[BK...P\I\:TNVKK[TKFRB,G,C[KNGCP,MG.22CKRK...RBNI\:BKQYKGORXIKBVKNGN[PKOGNBZW.RPNIKO:R[IYKO,CNKO.GFXKZGU’[PKORPNIKO’TNVKK[TKFRB,G:’MK[PKOMT[QRPNIG’.

RBNI\:R[I\\.23GBKL...SGZI\:GBKLI[C\[\IKKC[NGGFP[\ZT\)’SGZI\’(

CRI\.DVQSGZI\:KIHYBNKH,G.24GVTPKL...GVI\:BCNXTEKKLP\PGJJKOGB\

RM[N\.PYGNVIEGVI\:N[PTBKGPKOPVIKEKOBGKEKTFTNPNMGE\PSGMR\;

GFN[GQTNVKKZPKFPI,PDGTGE.25MGSLPZF:FPGG\PEGPFN[\KK\MGSZTNPZ.F[GGK[TKFRB,KHGTGE.26\[\K:B\F’MGSFPZF’.G\PGXK:G\KRYK.NN[GQZBGK[TKFRB,KH.G\RGTKM[MGZF:NXKZGUZBGK[TKFME,M;\FNKOYH,MH.27\RK...MPCMKZF:F[PKTKXTYG\MBCMKGNE\CMGZ.NMNFJGZF[GGKZPKFE,NB.28PTGHGMG’:TNVKRIGOB,H.

3T"BI]Zc]KN]ZD@T]KOo&QK&Ir#xBfZ+x

30GK]t@V+xRIAGrv+xGK+Z@B&FP#TZ+x

jfI+xj]KM@r#NGK]m@\+WPXeZ+x

B@C#ES]CZ+xN&B<Rfrr]CZ+x

J@PeQI#CN+xeP#NjAGEv+xoZes@F

o]\BfOv]k@Mc]KG\]FK]KN]Pr]n@F

35I@\eOo]rT+xGZ@T@\+xjPeS@F

GT#NoZ]KP#Tzs#K]xv]e@\Z]KBzCeS@F

K@rfleB#~IzZfR]|KOT#NKfP+xj]KP#Z

j]KC@r#NYX]KZ+xGM#ZP+xR]HP#Z

a@B>r+xj]KT@N@FGZ+KI+xR@P#Z

40v]r@C+ZG\]t@V+NYfP#\v@P@Z

~377|


31GKR\W|GKR\YB32NBRG[|MKBRG[RGSUB37BIZGRKOB

29IZEKNZDTKO:TNVKKIHYBNMG,JH;NC,K.KI[LBGZL:XKGZNPGG\.30GK[VL...PTZL:TNVKKIHYBNJH,NG)GN’PTZL’CPYGO’TZG\L’F[GGRIGOD,F(,GVZG[FJGZ:IZV\L\KI[U.31MKM[N...PXGZL:MGILTHCLGDGVL,PYGZMGIL,R[CZ.PXGZL:PXGE\L,PCXZL,MKRGKXKGZKNDGU,GNN[GQZBGECZKFKPKOCKE,FGTGE.32SCZL:\YGG\L,\GIN\L.NBRG[[CZL:’NBRG[’FGBVGTN,GP[PTG:NT[G\B\PM\L

BRG[F.NXKZGUZBG:’BRG[N[CZLRINFPM\L’)KZPKFN,KC(.33JPGQ...VZG[F:PT[KKLFZTKOFOMPGICN,GFOKP[MGBG\LPJFBNFYCZ,BNFPGG\)FPNMGE\(.

N[GQFJGZTNVKBKGCKI,K:’JPGQCBZWICNGGPNME\GTNKR\KC’.34NP[SF:NCH.35I\GO...MPGSF:V[TKKLRI\PGNVRKFYC"FGFOMPGSKOG[PGZKONVRKG;

F[GGBKGCKE,KH;ECZKONC,NE.36GTN...BCGSF:\BMNKTE[GCTLPVKZG\

PT[KKL)FZTKO(,MNGPZ\KTR[KTNTGGRG\KKL.37K[GPGBIZGRKO:BNF[KCGBG

BIZKKLK[\GPPG.NN[GQ’K[GPG’F[GG\FNKOP,JHGTGE.38MK...RHPZ:FDKTHPQ\CGB\LNFKYXZGMZPLNFKHPZ,GFJGZMGNGPJVGZFNPKNGKSB\FIJBKOGNHPQ

FTGR[.MKC[NYXKZL:TNVKKGBNE,KD.39CB[LMKTNF:TNVKKGBNC,M,GZBGPEZ[G[NFVSGYTNKXZFZTCCCNK,SGMFRCT"B.GZKILRPZ:GZKILFJGCR[\RF

NZTF.FN[GQTNVKKZPKFPI,KB,CFKVGL,GFZKIFZTP[P[PJVGZFNIJBKO.F[GG

~j@NPB#FzC#K]xr@MfI#K]rjIex

GZfT#P#TzN@N#K]xKZ]KCexGKfM]KIex

K#BzM]KNexN#T#QGZfrK#BzZ]KIex|

~....|

45r]Kv]KN]a+xNPfBfZ#IN&Mv+x

S#qN]KP+B&C&QrC]KN+xePS]k@\+x

o&Qv]bV]KZ#DN#K]xG\+I#NP#j@\+x

T#NZfCTzfR+xj]KP#ZZ@T@\+x

3T"Cv#Iv+xaT+Z@FGN]a+xK+Z#x

50GB#Nv‘BPZ]KRfB@rj]KY]p+xB@Z#x

B@HR#K]xv]p#NR@FNYfNa@Pf\c@Z#x

j]KCB+rY]RB@\fF@B@Z&Wv+I@Z#x

~378|

JGCFCBZK

NHFB\FCY[FFPVGZSP\[NKXIYBCQPZ[BGNFP\GGEFTNIJBKGGBGPZ:’IJBK

{NGKZKIGQCO[MRK,BHKCZIGGZIYGPDCGNK’)I’[KZPQ,F[KZFFTCZK\CSVZE

GCVZGCBRS,B,KZG[NKOG\N=BCKC,TP’50=51(.40\[CZ...\PZ:YGP\LFHYGVF

[EGPFN\PZ)F[GG[KZF[KZKOH,I(\\MGVUG\K[CZ.41=44TNVKPYGZB.

41MN...K[MIGL:TNVKKZPKFN,KE.43NTQ:MPG:NTRF,ZTN.KBZKIGL:KBMKNGBG\L,PN[GQBZGIF,GRG[BFJGZPT[KKLFZTKO[RHMZGCJGZFYGEO.45[K\K...NM\L:F[GGKZPKFNB,M.46SYNK...GPSN\L:FZIKYKB\FBCRKO,FPSPNG\MBQB\FIJBKO,PEZMKKL,EFKKRGPBGZIIKKL.GFJGZTNVKK[TKFSC,K.47VQ\DVKZDNL:MEK[NB\KM[NKCFOG\VNK,GNN[GQZBGKZPKFKD,JH.G\INPM\L:GPM\L\FKFBRG[F,GFXKZGUTNVKKZPKFN,KC)ZBGDONTKN,JGZ32(,GFJGZKGZEBN

[NBIZKG.TNZGCTGRL:CDNNTGGRLFZC,MN[GQKZPKFN,KE=JG.49\I\LCTZF:FMGGRFNB[FDKFRGO.GNCLKZL:GB\KZBF.NXZGUF[GG:’BNKZLNCCMOBN\KZBG’

ECZKOM,DGTGE.50GBN...BZL:EZLBPKZFBKZGRK\.BN\IENKNIMG\NSGVLDO

BOFGBTGEZIGY;GNN[GQF[GGKZPKFC,MF)CFKVGL(.51BHRKL\XNRF:TNVK

KZPKFKJ,D:’MN[‘PTF\XNRFBHRKG’.NYGNCPG\EZL:C[TF[\[PTKB\YGNG[N

FBNFTGPENEGQBG\L.CPG\EZL:MKRGKNBN,TNVKTPGSE,KD:’MKFRFKGXZFZKO...

41=43BCNCE.

K@E+xF@r]KC]KP+T@G&NG\fBzR@F

F#IzH]KY]KCX&E&YeZT]KC&B<PeR@F

55GF]m@XN]KP]o#IeP+I&Z&CrReR@F

c]PT@\+xF#b]KZ]KK@P]KOT#Nr@R@F

F@S]KZ]Kr]qeX#K]xGM#aS]KP+Z@T@F

F@B@Z&Wo&Qv&I<R#UZ‘T@FF]\ZfTzT@F

j@N@Fo&Qv+T@s&FZ@T@FB#I#ZZ@T@F

60F@I+NGM#k+FGF@K@FZ#YHG@T@F

R@JeXN@N#K]xNT]Kvf\T&Z&C

I#gY]KP]CX@Z#K]xeDEAGk@\+xv]Z&C

X#TzY]KN+BN‘F#K]xvV]k@\+~xv+|T@Z+C

P#sB#\j#o#KP]RI#\T@Z&C

~379|


GEZLTNCP\KBZWF’BNFKXCBG\[PG’.52CB[YRB\G:[NFBN.\IZL:\K[ZU,

\IZC.GNTRKKQB[YRBF[GZV\F[GGXVRKFD,I:’MKCB[YRB\K\BMNMNFBZW’.

53KEL...G\GBRF:FKPRTKPTKGG\EKQGP\KZGXKONFXEKYCFOB\PT[KKL.KELF[KCKPTGN:TNVKKIHYBN,I.54GZTKCBPGRF:F\RFDKCKG[Z.FXKZGUTNVK\FNKONH,D:’[M@QBZWGZTFBPGRF’.55GFRXNK...[RGRF:XKGZKONVK\GKKO[CIJBKOGNTGR[

TNKFO.56EPT\L...[RF:CMK\PKE,MKFCMKPCJBB\FIZJF;G’KPKOTN[RF’TN

VKK[TKFNC,K.57FSKZK[YGXKL:F[GGKZPKFE,B,GP[PTG:IENKPPT[K

F\GTCF[NL.GMCSKPZTF:KZPKFE,KE,GP[PTG:FKJFZKPIJBKKL.58FBZW...F\ZGTTF:MEK[NBNFIJKB)’\IRU’,KZPKFD,BGTGE(B\FBZWGMLNDZGONIGZCRF

)’ZTFF\ZGTTF’,K[TKFME,KJ(.59MNFVQ\T[F:[NBKG[PEFTGNO,NN[GQ

F[GGRIGOB,JGTGE.60FINGMNF:[PGBNBD,KC,PF\INFGTEFSGU.GFKFZYHGTF:K[TKFMI,KJ.61RJG...TZC:FIG[LFKGZENT\TZCPSPNMBQB\SGU

FIKKO,BCNBV[Z[FGBZGPHDONKKTGEG[NFVKGJ:\VKN\RTKNF[NKGOMKVGZ.ZBGDO

NPTNFCJGZ8’VRFFKGO’,GZBGTGECJGZFIG\OB\FVKGJ.GFN[GQTNVKKZPKFG,

E.62PCXZKL:IGPG\GFDRF,GMBQSPNNPT[KOJGCKOFPDRKOTNFBEOPVRK

TGR[GVGZTRG\.\ZC:\]ZCF,TNVK\FNKOTB,MB)C[KRGKCRKKQFVGTN(.63XTYKNBNFKL:YZBKCYGN,F\IRRK.\VN\L\TZC:MEK[\VKN\L\FKFTZCFG\\YCN

NPTNF.GNTRKKQF[GG\FNKOYE,NE:’KTZCTNKG[KIK’.64P[B\GMG’:\FNKOYPB,C.PRI\TZC:ZGPHN\VKN\FRTKNF.

C

PYGZG\:

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJFT-S K 8/38)1=41’GBKQ’,RKYGETNKGQTNPKNKO

BIEG\,EUBIE(,R.

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJFT-S NS 118.42)26’PF’=SGU.BIZKGXKEGYEKQ

[NKGSUBCQBCK\GZ,YNU(,B.

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJFT-S 13 J 8/13)22’GIMKG’=SGU(,C.

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJFT-S NS 135.20)35’V[TRG’=SGU,PRGYE,BIZKG

MPGB(,D.

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJFT-S NS 315.55)11’NVTGNG’=33’BN’,NYGK

CPYGZG\ZCKO(,E.

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJFT-S NS 277.11)38=SGU,BIZKGXKEGYEKQBZGL:

’B\FCQBEOFTPENLXGVF’,CSGVGF\IN\I\KPFK’F’(,F.

M"KBENZ,RKGKGZY,CK\FPEZ[NZCRKO(FGP No. 29630) JTS ENA 2870.10

)42=SGU,INYGFTNKGQ[NYZTEU.BIZKGFMG\Z\:BIZ\NNPTRKNFHX"N.F\INF:

~B\F|RGZBB\FCSGE~NFY|KZKBKL(,G.

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJFT-S 8 J 4/7)1=22’JPQ’(H.

C[PLZIPRB

NZCKRGKFGEFFZCFDEGN

RJZGFKPQ[PKBPPBBNVFSRF\’\’Z’K’B’NIZCQ

F#peZv@P]KOo@T>Nfj]KM@NcZ@M@KGP]ro@J

B&s@BE+KT]KNK#I+ENB+KQa@XeZ

~380|

JGCFCBZK

MG\Z\:FXGZH

1MXGZH

MG\Z\:F[RFFPMGGR\)\\ZK"BNIZCQ(FKB.1079SKGP\PYZBK\ECZKONC,D=E.CSGU

MNPIZGH\FVKKJQPVIK\PKNFP\IKN\FVSGYFPXGJJGPGSKUPKNFPFP[LFVSGY.

CKBGZ:1FXGZGMG’:ECZKONC,E.FVSGYPSGPQCSGUMNPIZGH\MZVZKQ.2NBKQCXGZ:NBN,NPK[ECZNBRCXZPPRG)FXT\[’BNKXGZ(.CPYCKNF’MXGZ’,GBGNKFGB

B+NB&I@ETfX+Zo@YeEGF#j‘NNfT@XeZ

afZ+Bj@NZeI#eCK@EfR@XeZ

5B&YZ@BF@CeD‘E&NN+BN‘F+KReF#peZFXGZ

bCeZ@FG@T‘HG\‘OT]lfrN+P]KO

b@EfNa@F&OP+B+KQj@P‘Fea#vP]~KP]K|O

c#i@KQB<P&\Ff~EeFeRC‘RK]O|G#IzM@P]KO

F@CeD‘E&NN+BN‘F+KReF#peZv@P]KOFXGZ

10FzK]EP&FNfafZ+BFzK]rG&FNf

FzK‘BP#ZI‘P&ZB+KQK@E#K]ONV@T>Nf

eP#Tzs@KGK#b]KEeX]EYfeV&N&SP#TzD@Nf

b‘E&NN+BN‘F+KReF#peZv@P]KOo@T>NfFXGZ

H]MZ]KH‘B\R#Vr]KGF]\B‘rr]Ka\fM+M]K

15H]CI+KvfEf\NfNZ#pf\f\#TzZfM]K

~381|


3VYGE|ISZH4GCKEG|RGSUVYGEGRXGZH6G\GO|C[GNKKOR7C\PKPKOH8FGEGFGRCRKOH11NVGTNGEH

V[GJ.3TGXZVYGE:FPG[NTNFBEO,FPMGRFMBQ’VYGE’,MKHMZGCBNVRKGCKGOFEKQ.GFMNNGTXGZ:MNFTGNOR[NJTNKEG.NN[GQF[GGFRBPZTNPNMG\G[N

[BGN:’B[ZBPZ\KBNKLHFKTXZCTPK’)[PGBNBJ,KH(.4CGZBGMG’:TNVK

TPGSE,KD:’MKFRFKGXZFZKOGCGZBZGI’.5BYZB...FXGZ:ECZKONC,DGF\IN\VSGYE.6TPG:CBN.7CFO:NBKET\KCKBGZG)MRZBFPGSCTN’DCGZFGTHG\O’[CJGZFYGEO,GF[GGKZPKFK,G~[’BNKXGZ|(.8EKKQBP\:EQCKG[Z,GFGBMKRGKNBNTNVKCZM\XKEGYFEKQ.10CGZB:MPG:NCGZB.11FKBPZ...NVTNG:TNVKK[TKFPF,J,GP[PTGFBOCZGBPQFIGPZ,FBEO[RCZBPTVZ,[BKQNGKEKKO,KMGN

N\\FGZBG\NCGZBG?12GPT[KG:[NFBN.GVNSPTDNG:KG[ZFNKMG\KG.GBV[Z

[FECZKORBPZKOC[BNFBKZGRK\TNFBEO[PT[KGPTKEKOMCKMGNTNKG[ZG

GXEY\G,GNTGP\HB\DGENG[NFBN[VGTNG\PKOBKRGPGJNCSVY,TNVKFVSGY

[CJGZFCB.14HMZK...GF\BG[[K:TNVKK[TKFPG,I.HB\:B\BVSG\LNTGP\

DGENG[NFBN.15HCIK\GEG\:TNVKGKYZBH,KC.

IeN]KP]o#IcfGB+KP#\P@G&~\|F#BzZ]KM]K

N+BN‘F+KReF#peZv@P]KOo@T>Nfj]KFXGZ

J~fZ#IF#l@G&\j@NKXeZK]rjfN|

JfC]KOGZ@T]KOK#I#EK]NIfxGK&B<MfN

20K#I#ET#NT@V@ZK#rj]KC+ON#~TzM|fN

F#peZv@P]KOo@T>Nfj]KM‘NFXGZ

j@NI‘r&xJ@PeQa#IzC@N@KGGI#j@KG

jZ@Y@CafKC#k&F)Y[GK(~Y@r@KG|GZ#j@KG

N@M+QK]v+Q~F#I#K|N&IKfNP#j@KG

25v@P]KOo@T>Nfj]KM@NcZ@M@KG~FXGZ|

P#FkyP]\F#k+NaN@rfQPZAo@J

~382|

JGCFCBZK

16IGNKPVIEG|Z[OPVIEGIGNKGSKPQNSKMGNR/PG\EH17NBNFKRG|ISZH18JGZI...K[MGNEH19GKBMGN|G"G\NGKKFRNBMGNH20NTMGNEH22JPGQ|

NB[ZJPQH23Y[KGC24FJGZC[GNKKOR/FIKC/\PKO|RGSUNVRKGFXGZC26PZGVJBC

16IGNK...FBZKMK:VRKKFBNFRV[[\FKFCPXC[NVIEGKZBF\PKEKKOPFBN

)’PVIEG’(GPFPGG\FYZC.18JGZIFPG\:FPGG\FPZDKH,CSPKMG\\KBGZFVGMF)[’BNKXGZ(.K[MGN:KDZGONBGCEQG[MGN.19GKBMGN:MPG:GKBMN,GK[PKE.20KIE...K[MKCO:B\FJGCKOGFZTKO,GFN[GQTNVKBKGCMB,MG.NTMGN:NVZY,MPGNTMN.

22MN...GIMKG:[KTGZFJGZ:CPNMGE\G[NFPGG\FPCY[NFVKNB\FCZKG\CVI

GPGY[)’ICNKG’(GNNGMEOCIM\G)’IMKG’(JPGQI[M\FYCZ.’MNIG[LJPGQ’FGB

N[GQBKGCM,MG,GNXKZGU’JPGQCICNKG’F[GG’JPGQCBZWICNG’)BKGCKI,K(G’JPRGDBKOVINKGICNKO’)\FNKOYP,G(.N[KPG[EGPFCXKZGU’JPGQCICNKG’ZBGNTKN

C[KZ’BGKFNLRV[K’,JGZ.3323MZYC:MRZBFIGHZBNRG[BFP[VJFYGEO,

FIG[L[PSPNFPGG\.CG:CYCZ.KCNF:KVGZZ,K[CGZ.Y[KGGZMKG:B\FIHYKOGB\

FIN[KO,BGB\BCZKFDGUFY[KO)FTXPG\(GB\FC[Z.24NMQ...NPMKG:FPSYRFFVSKPK\FKB[BKQMN\YGGFNBEO,GPGJC[KMRKTTXPGCVRKFIHYKOPPRG.

N[GQFJGZTNVKBKMFD,N.26VRKKFBNFBEOFIGJB.P\FNN:P[\CI,P\R[B.CN[GQPZVJ:CN[GQYZGTF,TKND\.GP[PTFJGZ:CPFB\FP\ZCZC,FZKNBKFKGNL

P]\bfN+NaE@PfCB+rRV@IfPRAo@J

R@V#NT#NI#ZafeCr@VJfR]ro#J

o@T>Nfj]KM@NcZ@M@KGP]ro@JFXGZ

30~S@ZeP]m+KE&|Z&xP#Zb]KH+KB+N

S]~KCZ@O|N+BPfZB+KQR]rB#NGrfB+N

T@CZeGR&T&RreM+Qb#O~I|fJ+BGRfB+N

j]KM@NcZ@M@KGP]ro@JB+NFXGZ

o@T#Nv@N@ReHfF#m&V&rF#m#TzR@F

35o@r#TRea@deCyeC]q#rRe\‘BzR@F

X#e+FKreT#\~F#geD|F#PT#m&FGF#PTAGm@F

j@NcZ@M@KGP]ro@JB+NB<PeR@FFXGZ

~383|


27PRGVJBC28RGVNC30SZGPRKEZLBC31SKCZOBC32MQ|ISZBC36K[GTG\D/FHGDCD/FPTGRDFGFPTGRFDFPTGR&FGFPTGR@FC37MN|RGSUNVRKGMK

HMGKG\MB[Z\TPGENEKQCVRKFBN.PZVJ:PBZPK\,GZBG[KPG[CPKNFHGDOCKGXZ

[NKGSUBCQBCK\GZ:’KFK[BGQYPKLMZYCGZVJ’,C\GL:P’HGNBK,BZWK[ZBN

GVKGJKF,CTZKM\B’IHQ,KZG[NKO\[R"G,TP’369,JGZ36,G[OCKBGZG[NHGNBK.

P\DGNNCEPG:MPG:PDGTN,GNXKZGUF[GGK[TKFJ,E.CB[RVIPRVJ:R[ZUCB[

)FDKFRGO([FRVJPCTKZG.N[KPG[CPKNF’PRVJ’ZBGBXNZCSTEKFDBGQ:’NMQNFC

KYGETNKPGRRVJ’)HGN\N[C\[GVJKO,PFEGZ\K’JGCK,TCGE\EGYJGZ,FBGRKCZSKJF

FTCZK\CKZG[NKO\[P"C,INYFVKGJKO,TP’101,JGZ139(,GZBGCKBGZG[NJGCK,

[OTP’.225DOBXNZS"DP[P[\FPKNFP[GZ[RV"JCY[ZBNB[FDKFRGO.

GN[GQ’CB[RVIG’NTRKKQFDKFRGOFGBCFKVGLFM\GCCBKGCM,MG:’\BMNFGB[NB

RAo#I’.28RVNTNIZCG:DZONPG\G)CPT[KG(,GFN[GQTNVK[PGBNBNB,F.

C[VJGR[VJ:DGN[BN’VTNG’[CJGZFCB:FBEODHZEKQTXPGTNKEKPT[KG

)’VTNG’(FZTKO.30SZGPRKEZL:RJGPFEZLFK[ZF,GFN[GQTNVKK[TKFN,KB.

PZDKHKBN:TNVKBKGCKC,G.31SCZO...G[GBN:FOI[CG[BKQEKQGBKQEKKQ,[NB

KXJZMGN\\EKQGI[CGQTNPT[KFO.33IGJB:CPHKE.GRGBN:IGJBC[DDF.

NN[GQ’IGJBGRGBN’F[GGCPECZKC,KB.34VTN\NRG:CZB\NRG.FRV[FRTRF:FPTGRF,GFN[GQTNVKK[TKFRI,K.35:CF:CRV[.GCY[RG\BRF:IKV[RGBP\NG\NPT[KRG.NN[GQF[GG[GVJKOKE,E.36FHGD:FDGUGFRV[.FPTRF:FDGU.

Y]e\@FR#Vr]Kj@NZ‘T+rGS‘B+Q

Y#GP]c@\yGB]OP@B+QKP@B+Q

40Z#IzP&KyK]DaZeT#Nr@BfQGrfB+Q

cZ@M@KGP]ro@JB+NB<PeR@FGB+KQFXGZ

~r@P#K]OG@B@Z&WK#l]KOGM@NZfP+sa@OKF#NNeFe

T#NF#hfCGT#NF@Z#TjAGk@OKFfEeFe

v#I#\j@NF#t@P#K]OX]EY@\fGK]rZ+Fe

45GB+KQT@G&NX#c]KYGK@r@ZFeB|

~GB\FXEKYTNMNFCBTNKRGMKBP\T[K\FGBRIRGFZ[TRG|

~384|

JGCFCBZK

BD38RV[B/ZGT[GSGBQBC39KYGD40TN|ISZF41=43C[GNKKOBIZK

SGUFYJTB41=45TNVKB42ZP[C43KGEGFGCD44K[ZFGD46GB\F

GMG’|C

GFPTGRF:FRV[,FR[PF.38YG\F...GSBQ:RV[KZX\F,F\BGG\FNMN\TRGDG\

FTGNO,FPMGRKOMBQZT[GPFGPF.NN[GQ’ZT[GSBQ’F[GGK[TKFJ,E:’MKMNSBGQ

SBQCZT[’GFP[LFVSGY[O[GNCCJGZ.2739YGKPBQ:DOBO)’GBO’(TNVKYGPKE\FEKQ\SZCNPIGNNK.40TN[BGQG[GBQ:NBKET\KVKZG[G.GMRZBFP\MGGQ

NIGJB)’[GBQ’(F[JGUC\BGG\KGGF[ZGKCPFGPFGZT[)’[BGQ’(.42[PKO...KFNNGFG:TNVK\FNKOSJ,NF.43TN...KFGEGFG:TNVKFP[RF:’IKCBEONCZL

TNFZTFM[O[FGBPCZLTNFJGCF’)P[RF,CZMG\J,F(.44GK[ZFG:MPG:

GKG[ZG,FXGZFFPGBZM\CDNNFIZGH.FJGZMGNGTNVKBKGCNH,D.

D

PYGZG\:

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJFT-S NS 274.59)1=14’CIM\G’.FFP[LTNVKC.NVRKGXKEGYEKQ(R.

M"KVZKS,BGSUPGXZK)MT\CSVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJF[NYPCZKED’(MC VIII 280/2

)1=12\G[KCKRK’,17=SGU.BIZKGFSVETNBK[F(,B.

M"KBENZ,RKGKGZY,CK\FPEZ[NZCRKOENA 2946.8 (FGP No. 32461))17

’KGO’=SGU,NVRKGFSVETNBK[F,BIZKG:’KFK[NGOKFK[NGOC~B|CCKB\G,CDRKH\G’

GMG’(,C.

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJFT-S NS 111.129)17=SGU(,D.

M"KYPCZKED’,SVZKK\FBGRKCZSKJFT-S Misc. 11/2)17=SGU(,E.

M"KBENZ,RKGKGZY,CK\FPEZ[NZCRKO,(FGP No. 29630) ENA 2870.10)1=3

’CZGBKL’,11’JGC’=16’MN’,YZTTNKGQ[NEU.NVRKGSGU’B[BEKTK’NKFGEFFMFQ

FZC(,F.

~BIZ\NNPTRKNFHX"N|

B#v@FRfZ@BB#v@FaSfEN#F#YKZ+KB&Ky

a#j‘NP@rNyGT#N~F#|j‘NPfZ@B&Ky

bCeNs#Pv@NP]c#\KP+KCZeB&Ky

X&E&YeP]ro@JPMfQj]SB&Ky~FXGZGD’|

5cC@ZyB<P&\GX#c]KY]KOc]KR&Ky

F#I#i]KONyGF#l@G&\NR]KcfR&Ky

~385|


MG\Z\:BIZ\NNPTRKNFHX"~N|FMKNBTGN\FCGVH’B.

2FMNF

CKBGZ:1CSGENFY:CICGZ\YFN,CSPKMG\RZEVKO.NFY:MPGNFYFCN[GQVKKJRKO,GF[GG’GKZBB\NFY\FRCKBKO’)[PGBNBKJ,M(.2CMNP[NL:F[GGECZKFKPKOBMJ,KC.3DCGN...CZGBKL:YXC\B\[RG\IKKFO[NMGNFCZGBKO.4XEYGMG’:\FNKOVJ,JG.6NRKEGRKL:NCRKFBEOFTGPEKOCEKQNVRKL.

eP]KKM#Nj+NKfPyG]KD#k&FXVeR&Ky

I&S&EeP]ro@JKY#cPeV@R&Ky~FXGZGD’|

HM‘ZR@BZ]VKfR]KGB#Nv#BzE]KC+KR]K

10IfP&ZTzs]K\@R]KB#Nv#YJ]KC+KR]K

JfC~eP+J]|KCFzM#l#J@Z@Fv#p]KC+R]K

GB&NT@V@Zvr]KC+KR]K~FXGZGD’|

KfOF#l@G&\~K]YZ&FN#j‘N|P#sj]KNGS@M@N

jAGk@OaI#j@\fNfNP#BzM@N

15N@M+Q~B&cfO|N@xGBfEya#Bzr&ZBeM#N

K@E#Tv]Kj]KM‘NveM@NFXGZGD’

P@G&\GI#i]KOaK@E&KyF+l@F

RX#Zv@ON]CR+KF@B@E@OP~..|ONF#rN]KP@F

SfV@Os#Pv@N\fN+T@FGZ]Kl@F

20GN‘BK]a@X+ZP]lyPH]l@FFXGZGD’

~386|

JGCFCBZK

13KYZFNMN|CF14CIM\G|CIMP\GF15BEGOF18RXZ\O|R\\OD20PPL|

PPRGD.

7XVGRKL:RS\ZG\,BCNFX’PSGVY\,GBGNKM\GC:BVGRKL.8ISEGMG’:[O,[O.

GCVSGY’ISEGBP\’.9ZVKGRK:IGN[\K.\BEKCKRK:\MBKCNK,PN[GQEBCF.GF[GG:

’NMNG\B\TKRKLGNBEKCB\RV[L’)[PGBNBC,ND(.10\YJKCKRK:\[PKERK.

FVKKJQKXZVGTNP’Y&J&C’,MNKGQ.11JGCGPJKC:MKRGKNBN,TNVK\FNKOYKJ,SI:’JGCB\FGPJKCNPERKIYKL’.FMPJZF\XKCRK:[BNFBKZGRK\.FN[GQTNVKBKMFD,

KC:’GKXKCRKMPJZBNIW’.12GBNTVZ\[KCRK:TNVKCZB[K\D,KJ.14MGNOCIM\G:FMGNRNMEKOTNKEKFPGG\,MEDKOFR\VSKOCIMF)GNXKGZF[GGYFN\J,KC(.GF[GGN[KPG[XKGZKEGPFC[KZ’B[BEKTK’,JGZ.2215BEGO:B[\GY,MKBKQ

PTRFCVRKFPGG\.BCNVSGYKOMPG’EGONF’’VGZ[GCMPFVRKO,GK[[FSCKZGOMPG:

YGGFNF’)[’BNKXGZ(,GBV[Z[VKZG[HFP\BKOMBQKG\ZCDNNFP[LFJGZ.

16KET\KMKMN\GMN:BKGCPC,C.18RXZ\O:CPYCKNF:R\\O,GFGBTEKU.FP[LFJGZBKRGRFKZNKP[GONKYGKKG.20GNBKCXZGMG’:BKGCPC,C.

Documents

GKEFAH ’CZF’ QFMF FEGFK KZK[P KZBC FCGZKFY \HKRDC OKJGKV QKC \GKEFAH ’CZF’ QFMF FEGFK KZK[P KZBC FCGJ GFGH Z[BG ,ZKFY \HKRD KVE \B \GBNPPF \GIMG\FG \GIKNSF KJGKV KVNB QKC FEIKK\R