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BajiepH ii M. MoKHeHKO
(CaHKT-HeTepSypr, CTSry)THMMgH. rop^ep UTpaw, 30 ceHTa6pa 2017 r.
HOBOC B pyccKOM aabiKe: OT «JIBXHX 90-x» K coBpeMeHHOCTH
1. Profi-Seminar B THMMeHflop(j)epmTpaHfle-2017: «PyccKHe KpujiaTbie cjioea:luiaccHKa ii coBpeMeHHocTb» HJIH «HoBoe B pyccKOM H3UKe: OT «JIHXHX 90-x» KCOBpeMCHHOCTH»?fJowejianufi cjiyuiameneu:CpeflHHH H CHJIbHHH ypO BHH - Bee: «HoBbie >i3LiKOBbie aajieHHa, HOBaa jieKCHKa»:
Stephan Kohler «AicTyajiBHLie )[3UKOBBie pa3BHTMa», Birgit Rruger «HoBa2, coBpeMeHHMjieKCHKa»;Ulrike Kruger, Walter Chromik, Stefan Schreiber H flp. «Pa3roBopH aa peqB».
2. Hoeoe - 3mo xopouio 3a6bimoe cmapoe.
3KKjie3HacTa: «HHqTO He HOBO noa jiyH OH... ».
yjibTpaHOBeiimee.
3. CJIOBO roga.
3J. MMXBHJI 3nmTeflH H3 CmA KypH pyeT B POCCHH KOHKypc «CJIOBO roaa».
HTOFH KOHKypca «CJIOBO TOW - 2016».HoMHHaum «CJIOBO roaa», «Bbipa}KeHHe H ij)pa3a rofla», «AHTHa3tiK» H «Heojiora3M roaa».HJIIOC - «J[eHTMOTB rofla» - KOHyenT Bcex qeTupex HOMHHauH ii, oSieOTHeHHBie o6r[(HMCMLICJIOM H TeMOH.
3.2. KaKoe TOIIHIHO pyccKoe CJIOBO OKa3ajiocB no6eflHTejieM?
BREXIT: 6peK3iim njm 6p3KCum, QpeKcum?
BjimKaiiiime 2 KOHKypeHTa - wosaffHO (Qao 3KOHOMUKU, OHO Kpusuca, «xpynKoe» OHO)- B flBa pa3a MeHbme rojiocoB H nOKEMOHLI
B aecarae OKa3ajmcb TaKne cjioBa, KEIK: Oonum, ebi6opbi, eoma, jiaSymeHbi, mpaMnu3M,Qoaicecmeoeame, KaSbipum, HoocKon »jieHUHonad.
VKpaHHCKoe - EE3BH3 113 cjiOBocoieTaHHa 6e38U3oebiupejicuM.
3.3. BREXIT:
a) cjiOBOo6pa30BaTejibHaii Moaejia: zpeKsum (rpeuH a), veK3iim (Hexna), (ppeKjum (OpaHKHa) »j>jieK3um (ni6KHH, nocTeneHHbffl BBixoa).
6) GpeKsum^OTpzoKae-i MHonie npoueccBi, npoacxowvwe B MHpe - He TOJILKO B EpHTaHpin.
OTCIOW H 6ojiee MHoro3HaqHTejibHaa, qeM KaiKeTca Ha nepB tm Bsrjiaa, nepB ^ipaaa cjioraHa
}\osajiiw TpaMiia: We make America Great Britain again.
FIO MHC'IIIIIO IKIOpH B POCCHH TaKoro cjioaa, onpeaejiHioiuero roa, KaK KasiceTCH, He
OKa3ajiocb.
3. 4. HO MHE 3TO XOHETC^I OCHOPHTb.
HTO oSiqero MeiK^y cjioaaMH
1
Sacer & Hacker?
H TO, H ^pyroe, B npH Hiiiine yxe CTajm pyccKMMH.
HepB oe, jiaTHCKoe no npoHcxoiKfleHHro, cTajio OCHOBOH cjiOBa H noH2Tii, KOTopoeceinac y Bcex pyccKHx Ha cjiyxy. }{ UMCKI B BH^y CJIOBO CAHKLfHH.
HTO TBKOe C jmHrBHCTHieCKOH TOIKH 3peHH2? -
CAHKU,Ha, -K, 3/c I. na vwo. VTBepX fleHHe iero-HH6y^L BLicmeH mcTaHUHeH.pMpemeHHe (KHTOKHOC). TlonyH umb caHKifuio OupeKmopa ua npoeeclenue 3KcnepU MCHma.2, Mepa, npHHHMaeMaa npoTHB cTopoHLi, HapymHBmeii corjiameHHe, aoroBop, a TaKiKeBooSiueTa HJIM HHaa uepa B03aeHCTBHa no OTHomeHHro K npaBOHapymiiTejiio (lop. cneu. ). VeojioeHbie,aSMUHUcmpamueubie, OuciiunnuHapHbie COHKIIUU. npuMCHumb 3KOHOMunecKue caHKifuu npomueKOZO-H. nojiummecKue cauKifuu. 3. Oflo6peHHe, pa3pemeTe. (TOJIKOBBIH cjioBapB, CjioBapbHHOCTpBHHBIX CJIOB).
npO HCxoflHT OT JIBT. sanctio «HepymHMBm 3aKOH, He3bi6jieMoe y3 aKOHeHne», aajiee
H3 sancwre «ocBiiiuaTb, aejiaTb He3Bi6jieMUM, o6taBjiaTb HepymHMHM», aajiee H3^acer«CBaiKeHHbm, CBaTOH;npoKjuiTbm», m cTaporo saceres; npeanojioacHTejiLHO BocxomT KnpaHHfloeBp. *saq- «orp£UKflaTB; 3auiHn<aTb».
3. 5. KaKOBa peaKUUH cpeflHero pyccKoro na caHKUHH?MOCKBA, 4aBrycTa 2017. /TACC/. Coo6ii<eHH!i o HOBHX aMepHKaHCKnx caHKiiHax npoiHBPOCCHH 60JIBIIIHHCTBO pOCCHaH BOCnpH HSJIO aOBOJIbHO cnoKOHHo, owaKO OTHomeHHe K CmAyxyaiuHjrocb 063TOM CBiiaeTejiLCTByioT pe3yj iLTaTfci onpoca BcepoccHficKoro ueHTpaH3yqeHHa o6uwcTBeHHoro MHeHHa (BL(HOM), ony6jiHKOBaHHue "B nOTHiiiiy HacaiiTeopraHH3ayH H.
CHMnaTHH poccHiiH K aMepHKaHCKOMy Hpe3HaeHTy pe3Ko CHH3HJIIICB: C 27% flol8%.
oflHOBpeMeHHO^c TCM, Bbipoc HeraTHB: c 22% w 28%. Rpeo6jiaflaeT, owaKO, HeHTpajibHoeOTHomeiffle (43%).
3.6. HACKER
floBoiibHCicTpaHHoepyccKoe CJIOBO. CTpaHHoe He noTOMy, qTO OHO HOBOC. A noTOMy,ITO OHO - 1HCTO PyCCKOE! Be^b coqeTaHHe pyccKue xaKepb i - 310 rjiaBHbiH K03biptoimo3HiiHH ̂ OHajib/iy TpaMny B CmA. CiHTaeTca, HTO HMCHHO Sjiaroaapa pyccKHM xaKepa'M,BCKpB IBIUHM TaflHHe ̂ OKyMeHTU XHJIJiapH KJIHHTOH, TpaMH H CTiUI HpeSHfleHTOM.
P/ia jiHHrBHCTOB coieTaHHe pyccKue xaKepbi - oKcioMopOH. B caMOM aejie: KBK pyccKHeMoryr CTaTb TaKHM onacHbiMH xaKepaMH, ecjiH caMO CJTOBO xaKep - aMepHKaHCKoe H nepB UMH
xaKepaMii SUJIH aMepH KaHiiu?
XAKEP (amui. hacker) - JIHUO, coBepmaioiuee He3aKOHHHe WHCTBHa B C(j)epe MHijiopM aTHKH:
HpO HHKHOBCHHe B qyiKHC KOMHLlOTepH Ue CeTH H HOJiyqeHHe H3 HHX HH(J)OpM aUHH, CHOTHe
3an(HT c nporpaMMHbix npo/iyK TOB H MX KoniipoBaHHe, co3flaHHe H pacnpocTpaHeHHaKOMHbIOTepHBIX "BHpyC OB" H T. H.
3TMojioraa: OT anrji. hack - «py6HTb, KpoMcaTB» - nepB OHaiajibHO - «qejioBeK
HHTepecyroiiiHBca KOMnbioTepaMM, nbiTaioiiiMiica BHHKHyib B cyT B pa6oTEi KOMiibroTepOB,
ceTefl HJIH nporpaMM». HcxoflHoe 3HieHHe - »KTO-jiH6o, ^ejiaioiKHH MeSejib npii HOMOIIIHTonopa»-cp. pyc. monopnafi pa6oma) :
XAK -XAKEP - XAKATb - XAKEPCTBO - XAKHHF - KVJIXAU.KEP (aHra. cool hacker -Kpyrofi xaicep):
UpH MCp TCKCTa: A HOTOM MBI eiqe H iKanyeMca, BOT MOJI Tna Bee Hamn Kyj i xauKepu OT Hac
yexajffl, ocTanoci, jiaMepbg. . f{ HacToauiHH vyn xatfKep, ara. . KaKyro no BameMy MHeHHroonepaunoHKy flojiacen McnomsoBaTB yyj i xaifKep7 . Ero caMOMHemie B03pocjio H OH y5Ke xoieji1TO ero Ha3LIBajIH KaK MHHHMyM UKyj l XaifKCpO M».
3.7. PVCCKHE XAKEPU
CencaifUOHHoe saaejwHue oipuiiepoe cne^cnysicG CLLIA o pyccKux xaKepax u ebiGopax TpaMnaKPyccKdfi eecHa», 05. 08. 2017- 7:3006paiqaacB K npe3iiaeHTy ff,. TpaMny, OHH npHBoaaT WKa3aTejibCTBa TOTO, ITO ycTpoeHHaa BCMH HCTepdKa no noBo^y B3jiOMa KpyccKUMu xaKepaMu» cepB epa ^eMOKpaTHqecKofi napT iin
Coe.iiHHeHHUx UjTaTOB He HMeeT noa co6oH 4>aKTHqecKHX OCHOBEIHHH(httDs://consortiumnews. com/2017/07/24/inteI-vets-challenee-mssia-hack-evidence).
BLiBoau SUBIUHX coTpyaHHKOB cnei(Cjiy}K6 CmA roBopaT o TOM, HTO o6a cjiyi aa noxHiiieHHa
3JieKTpOHHBIX iJlaHJTOB - 3TO WJIO pyK KBK MHHMMyM WyX pa3HUX mowfi, iipmeu CKOpeeBcero, coTpy/iHHKOB mTa6-KBapT Hpu JIeMOKpaTHiiecKoii napT HH.
3. 8. CTPHTPEHCEP
ncuKajiyfi, BLUiejua H3 MHOwecTBa CJIOB CJIOBO roAa B POCCHH, MO»HO, KaK MHC KaiKeTca.HjmaTb H TaKoe «THnHiHO pyccKoe» CJIOBO, KOK CTPHTPEHCEP. K)MopecKa BacHjinaUlHMGepeaa o coBpeMEHHfcix CTpM Tpeiicepax:CTpH TpefiCepbI C HHeTCTOM.
Cmpum-peucum - H3 anrji. 5' eef racing - BTO TO )Ke, HTO pyc. VjiuHHbie ZOHKU. HoTepM HHOjioraiecKoe 3HaqeHiie - «(}>opM a HesaKOHHLix aBTOMo6Hji6Hux FOHOK, KOTOpB ie
iipoxow Ha o6iqecTBeHHBix aoporax». yj iHiHHe TOHKH MoryT 6biTi> HJIH caMonpOH3BO^£HHMH
HJIH XOpOmO SaiUiaHHpO BaHHBIMH H CKOOpflHHHpO BaHHLIMH. HpOTHBHHKH yjIHHHLIX TOHOK
yK a3HBaioT Ha noTeHUHEUitHyio onacHOCTb ^jia apyrax yiacTHHKOB flopoacHoro aBHaceHiia, aTaioKe lopH ^HiecKHe nocjieflCTBT B pesyj ibTBTe HHUH^eHTOB. JIroSHTejiH yjmqHbix roHOK
(«CTpHTpeHcepu») saiacTyro oQ-bewHSKiTca B KjiySai.
KPHHTOBAJIIOTA, KPHHTOPyBJIb, MOCKOyKOHH {KOMUKOUH, MOCKOVKOUH,numepK ouH H T.A. ), BJIOKHEHH
«yflapH M SjioKieiiHOM no 6e3aopoiKLro H pa3rHjii>aaiiCTBy!»
4. HTO TaKoe Heojioru3M?
90-e roau XX BeKa - njlnxue aeBHHocTue».
HoBbie CJIOBB H3HaqeHH>i. CjiOBapb-cnpaBOHHiiK no MaTepnajiaM npeccbi H jiHTepaTypbi90-x rows XX BCKB. B Tpex TOMax. T. 1 (A-K). - CHB. : flMHTPHH ByjIAHHH, 2009. -'813C. ; T. 2. (KjIHCHT-SaHK - HapKeTHUH). - CFK. : ^MHTPHH Ey^IAHHH, 2014. - 1392 c. ; T.3. (HapKOMBT - fl). - Cn6. : flMMTPHH EyjIAHHH, 2014. - 1360 c.)
«Heojioeu3Mbi - CJIOBB, SHaieHHii CJIOB HJIH coqeTaHna CJIOB, noaBHBmiieca Bonpe^ejieHHBiii nepH Ofl B KaKOM-j]H6o asuKe viim Hcnoj[b30BaHH£ie O^HH pas (oKKa3HOHajiH3MH)B KaKOM-T6o TeKCTe wm avre pew. ripiiHaajiesKHocTb CJIOB K HeojiorasMaM (nanp.,npueamu3aiiu!i, vepH biu aiitUK, jiyH oxoff) aBjiaerca CBOMCTBOM OTHociiTejiLHtiM H HCTOpH qHi,iM».
(H. 3. Komejioea - 3PH, 262-263).4a. K MHKOBUM eflHHHuaM, KOTOp&ie Bomjin B pyccKiifi a3biK 90-x rowB H saKpeniuiHCb
B HCM, OTHeceHo 10 KaTeropHii jieKCHKH:
1) cjioBa, BOSHHKurae na cjiOBoo6pa30BaTejitHOH noHBe pyccKoro s3uv. a (aemoeop,zauOapu3M, ysicacmviK);
2) CJIOBa, IiejIHKOM 3aHMCTBOBaHHBie H3 Apynix a3biKOB, T.e. BHemirae 3aHMCTBOBaHHa(asujianm, 6u3uec-eyM eH, aemaHasusi);
3) CJIOBB, saiiMCTBOBaHHBie jiHTepaTypHbiM B3BIKOM II3 lJ)yH KI(HOHajIbHHX IIO.q'bSHHKOB -
npo(j)eccHOHajibHOH peqn, ->KaproHOB H aHajieKTOB (acKamb, cnapmai, cmoxa);4) ceMaHTHiecKMe HeojiorasMU (GCIHCIH - cyM Ma, paBHaa CTa TticaqaM py6jien),
BomantiK - OTJIHIHHK), finoHKa (aBTOMo6HjiL anoHCKoro npoH3BO^CTBa).5) «3a6biTBie» CJIOBB H cjioBocoqeTaHHa, BepH yB mHeca B ynoTpe6jieHHe B pesyj ibTaTe
aKTyajiHsayT (Qupsica, eojiocmb, nuifeu).6) Hepa3JTO3KHMbie (j)pa3ecuTOraqecKHe coqeTaHHa CJIOB (Qozambiii SypamuHO, HOSICKU
Eyiua, c mapaKOHOMU e zojioee).7) ycTOtpfflBbie B ynoTpe6jieHHH coieTaHHa CJIOB CBoSoaHoro, HeijipaaeojiorHirecKoro
xapaKTepa (6jiuw:Hee 3apy6ejicbe, zyM aHumapH aa noMOiifb, maucKuu Maccajtc).8) HHHUHajitHLie H <i)parMeHTapHBie coKpauieHHa H HX npoiuBo. ziHbie, BomeamHe B 3TOM
aecaTHjieTHH B ynoTpe6jieHMe: {Eff - EejiaiH aoM, FMEW - rocyaapcTBeHHaa iiHcneKyiiH6e3onacHOCTH gopoaaioro flBHiKeHHa, TIW- npaaiuia aopo^KHoro wsiKss&s., CKB - CBoSoflHOKOHBepTHpyeMaa BajiroTa).
9) HOBBie H C HOB6IMH 3HaqeHHaMH cepHiiHLie nepB bie » BTOpL ie nacTH CJIOIKHEIX CJIOB
(a(j]ij)iiKcoHflbi) (6eMO-, .. jiae, man-).10) uejibHEie CJIOBB (qauie 3aiiMCTBOBaHMa HJIH a66peBHaTypu), BbicTynaMuiHe B
CJI05KHBIX UTOBaX B pO JIH aHajIHTMqeCKHX HpH jiaraTejibHtK (apm., ffHK-, uioy-).
46. CncTeMa (i)yHKUHOHajiBHO-cTjieBbix noMCT OTpaacaeT Ha6op HCTOHHHKOB
coBpeMeHHOH pyccKoii HeojiomKH. TaK, K noMCTe pasz. (pa3roBopH oe) ^oSaBjiiieTca noMeTa
po3z. -CHU3ic. (pasroBopH O-CHHiKeHHoe), K noMCTe npo(f). - pajz. -npoip. (paszoeopuo-npoc^eccuoHojibuoe). AKTHBHO iicnojiL3yeTca noMeTa SKapz., nocKojibKy HMeHHo B 3TOT nepH oaB HeojiomKy Bjmjiacb MOiiiHaa CTpya ?KaproHHOH, ByjiarapH OH H GpaHHofi jieKCHKH H
4>pa3eojioruH, He peracTpHpO BaBmaaca (HJIII peflKo penicTpH poBaBmaaca) npeayie BaKa^eMHqecKHX cjiOBapax.
4B. KoHTCKCTHbie HJIJIMCTpaUHII, H3BJiel lgHHbie (BO MHOTOM gjiaroaapa nporpaMMeHffrerpyM ) npaKTHiecKH H3 Bcex aocTynHbix HCTOiHHKaM - OT iieHTpajibHBix H mHpoKOHHTaeMUX, W «npO BHHUHaj[£HbDt» H nepH (J)epK HHbIX.
5. 1. PeajIBH pOCCHHCKOH SKH3HH 90-x rows XX-ro B.
floMHHaHTHbie QJTOKH, xapaKTepH syioiuH e coBpeMeHHyro pyccKyK ) a3biKOByio CHCTeMy.THiraiHue npHMepu onHcaHHa peajiHH.
npueamusaifusi H npoiUBCviHbie: npuxeamusaifufi - npuxeamusamopnpuxeamusamopcKuu - npuxeamu3aifUQHHau, npuxeamusupoeamb, npuxeamu3upoeambcsi;MdKitOHMbQc (Mav. doHajibiic, MaK<)oHajibC>U3mfUfi (MaK()OHcuib<)u3miuii) H y.p. ; MoQwia, MoGwia,Mo6wib H flp. ; Hgym6yK, Hgm6yK H ^p. ; naMnepC bi;
OE)K - oQjiacTb snaHHH o BH^ax onacHOCTeii, cnoco6ax 3auiHTLi OT HHX, noBeaeHiiH BipesBbiiaHHbix CHTyaqnax; TaKofi iipeweT B o6iiieo6pa30BaTeji6Hoii mKojie;
naiiamoHHUK - Bjia^ejieu KOMMepi ecKoB najiaTKH; npoaaBeit B Heii; Hamquia,uammuKa - 06 HHocTpaHKe cjiaBaHCKoro npoHcxoiKWHHa, saHiiMaiouieHca iipocTHTyuH eH
(o6bpiHO B TypuH H, HeKOTopB ix apyrHx 3apy6eiKHBix cTpaHax);nOMOeiHUK. TOT, KTO pO eTCSI B noMoiiKax, coGiipaa oG'be^KH, o^e»ay H T. n. (o6BraHo o
6e3/IOMHbIX, HHII(HX);no(f)uzu3M. BesyiacTHoe, paBHO. qyuiHoe, 6e3pa3jiHHHoe OTHomeHHe K IKSSHW, ee
npoaBjieHHSM, BceMy OKpyiKarouieMy H npoH3BO^Hbie;
puenmop. AreHT, ToproBbifi nocpe^HHK B c4>epe onepauH fi c HeflBHiKHMOCTBio;caiim. CoBOKymrocTB 3jieKTpoHHBix aoKyM CHTOB, HaxoaaiilHxca nofl OflHHM aapecoM;
ceKc no mefieipoHy;
HejiHQK. 1. MejiKoom-oBbffl ToproBeu, coBepmaioii<HH peryj uipH bie noe3aKH 3a rpaHHayaju noKynKH H (HJIH) npoaaiKH TOBapa; lejiHoiHHK. 2. Kypaep, nepeB03aiUHH KOHTpa6aHgy(sicapz. ).
TaKHe CJIOBB - KjiioieBbie KOHiienTt. 1 «HOBOH pyccKOH» }KH3HH, opH eHTHpb i B H3yqeHHHee coBpeMeHHoro nepH o^a, OTpa3HBmHe ceMaHTHiieCKyio H KOHHOTaTHBHyK) aHHBMHKy «jiHxoe
,ziecaTiuieTe» H «npeoueHKyio ueHHocTefl».5. la. Og.iiH npH Mep:
MaKOoHajib6u3aTfU!i - coiiHOjroraqecKoe noHSTHe, BnepB bie Hcnojib30BaRHoe aMepM KaHCKHM
counojiorOM fl)Kopa»eM PHTyepoM B CBOCH KHHre «MaKaoHajiB3H3auH a o6iflecTBa».AHCKWT: KojiyM 6 nepeuM noHfui, tezo we xeamaem e nuifife, u noexcvi e AMepuvy 30 mo
MamHoii nacmoii, a saodno npuees ommySa e Eepony KapmoutKy u «MaKc)OHOjib6c».5.2. COBeTH3MbI.
«nepeoueHKa ueHHocTeii» y coBeTH3MOB:AzumnponoecKuu, azpoannapam, azpoipupM a-Kojixas, a^MxojsiKmue, anmuMapK cusM,
6u3Hec-jiuK6e3, 6ojibiueeu3M, eeuceKoecKuu, zeHceKcmeo, zocnoQgpuufu, zafowwuK,(leMOKOMMynucmu, 6eMOKpa6t, i, aavucmKa, Kanumajiucmu-KOMMyHucmbi, KBH-apxue H ap.;
nocjie6ojibuieeucmcKuu, nocjiezop6afeecKuu, nfimusmqaiCKa-xpyu^oQa, xpyu^oQa-nfimusmasKKa,coezpa3ic6dHUH, coeden, coeemoejiacmue, xoMocoeemuKyc, xoMO-coeemuKyc.
3KCHAHCHfl COKPAUJEHHH H HX HPOH3BOaHMX: JIHV, MBA, MB3CT,Mjy, MHHTC, MHA, MPOT, MqC, HAPAEH, HAPflEHKA, HATO M npoH3BOflHue, HflP(BOITfl HflP), HMH, Hn<D, HPnP, OAO; nMK (IIMIK), HP, PHB, pcnn, CBP, CMK, TB,TC)K MAP.
CoKpauieHHa HecKojibKO HEOEMHHbIE. HanpH Mep, 30)K - saopOBbifl o6pa3 5KH3HH.
Vim-BBTIwffAM.|CTO ̂ ^^^^CT&^^^^^y®T^^^B.
5.2a. CeMaHTHqecKaa HeojiorH3ai]HH pasjiHiHLix rpynn panee H3BecTHoii jieKCHKH.TnimiHMe npHMepu:
HapoOHviu, napj iOMenm, npaeoeepH biii, nunomHbiu, noOnonbe, npawiHaa, cojiaHKa.
5.3. nySjiHUHCTUiecKaH jieKCHKa.CjIOBa H BHpaiKeHHS CaMOH pa3JIH1HOH CeMaHTHKH H CTHjmCTHqeCKOJi TOHajItHOCTH -
nanp.:
aHmufi6jiOtHbiii, sacopusM, suif-npedce^amejib, KjienmoKanumanucmu;KOHipe6epamu6}iocmb, Macc-Me6uuHbiii, MaccMe6uuHbiu; MujibnoonepH biu, Hoeoeepywu^uu,
omKpoeu3M, napajuiejibHbiu, nepeuQeo. iozsa^ufi, nu-ap, nuap H npoiuBOflHBie, noCiKoepoebiu,nojiummycoeKa, npaeopoccbi, nymuHUSM, mpembecwibHUKu.
MHorae H3 HMX jierKO pasraabiBaioTca:3uii-npe6ce6ameiib, KnenmoKanumanucmbi; KOH(j)edepamueHocmb, Macc-MeOuuHbiu, MbijibHbiu,Hoeoeepyioufuu, omKpoeu3M, napcuuiejtbHbiu, nepeuQeonozsaifUH, nu-ap, nuap
CTepacHeBbie cjioaa, nopoiKflaroiuH e (j)pa3eojiorHqecKHe pa^Bi - Hanp., neQu: fKewsuaii
jie6u; JIe6uffu; TleQu Unmc; JIe<)u-njimc; Iledu K).4. Pa3roBopH an jiexcHKa:
KOHmpojibKd, jiox, Mop6o6en, MoiwioeKa (MoiuoeKa e copmupe, Kjio3eme; copmupuafiMOHUjioeica), ueompasuMeif, HecmbiKoeovKa - HecmbiKoeoiKa euuuia, nonynunacb H T. n.03Kjio6jieHue,
napauimm. 1. CHJII>HLIH HaBecHOH yaap no BOpoTaM (B CTOpO Hy BopoT) B 4>yT 6ojie HJIH
6pOCOK no KOp3 HHe (B CTOpOHy Kop3 iiHbi) B 6acKeT6ojie (pa3z. -npo<f). ). (i. 2, 1388); 2.
VBOjiBHeHHe Mewewepa, flHpeKTOpa H T. n. c BLinjiaTofi Sojibraax «OTnycKHBix»:«3onomou napaw. mm» (map Hajbieamm eurmambi mon-MeHeQsicepaM npuyeojibueuuu) zeHepajibHozo SupeKmopa «I7ol<mbi Poccuu» AjieKcanSpa Kucejieea -
Qojiee 3 MWIJIUOHOS pyGjieu OKdjicemcfi cyufecmeeHHo MeHbwe, veM nojiyviui, noQdHHbiM CMM, yeoneHHbw e Mapme npesuOenm «PocmejieKOMa» AjieKcanOpHpoeomopoe, Komopbw nonynum 280 MIUIJIUOHOB pyQjieu, e moM vucfie 200
MwuiuoHoe e Kaiecmee «30jiomozo napauuomavi, a ocmcuibHoe - KOK zoOoeymnpeMum.
mycoeamboi. npH irrao npoBojniTb BpeMa B KOMnaHHH, B KaKoii-ji. cpe^e H T. n. (pasz. ). (T.3, 1140) MT. H.
5. 5. /Kapi uiiiian jieKCHKa:
asep, auK, aiisep; jciioKeeHHUK; Kpecmumb; jia6amb; naeanQoc, noeaHdoc; naMnacnuK; nacmbi;nysep; KyK jioeoQ, jiacmoiKa, jiemajiKa, jiemexa, ROM (e ROM KOMy vmo), jiOMaHymbcsi, jiOMambCfi,HOKam; OHepei)mKa; neumioK (nenmuyM, nenmiox, neHb); nepedo3a: pacnajibitoeaHHbiu; myya;3xa.
HHorfla3HaqeHHecjioBpa3B. naicapz. aM6HBajieHTHO:Koseji. 1. sicapz. AKTEIBHCT H3 qiicjia aaKjiioqgHHbix, noMoraK>iipra TiopeMHoft, jiarepH ofi
aflMHHHCTpaiiHH; qjien OTpa^a oxpaHbi o6iiiecTBeHHoro nopaflKa B KOJIOHHH. 2. paiz.CaMo^ejibHbiti 3jieKTpHqecKHii HarpeBaTejiBHBin npH 6op.
6. Kpaiiiisiii jieKCHKa H ee 3Bij>eMH3MU.CMH H HHTcpneT (HecMOTpa na o(j)HqH ajii>Hbie sanpeTbi) oipaacaroT HX, orpaHiiiiiiBaiicb
B OCHOBHOM 3B<i)eME[3MaMH - Hanp.:zpeGdHbiu; 3ee3i)^i{; KOMMyH usSumb; c-besOmKu; mpax, mpaxaHbe; mpaxfiymb,
mpaxHymbcsi; UKe6a»a.7. KJIHIKB 11 iipoiiiiiiua.XapaKTepH CTHKa «npopa6oB nepecTpoflKH H nocTnepecTpoHKH»:
BcepoccuucKUU, HapoOuuu cuuiepzeH; Pbisicuii KapQuuajv; ApxamenbCKuii MysicuK;Muuia-Qea npo^enma; Muuia - dea npoifeiima: Muuia - ffea Hpo^eHma; Muuia - «fl, eanpozieiima»
8. iniiMci iionaiiiiii.
AHrjiHL(H3Mbi (resp. aMepiiKaHH3M&i):aKea6guK; GUZ-MOK v. 6m MOK; opzanausep - organizer; offi -jiaitH, o(f)/iauH H oj)cj)jiaitH -
offline, off-line, offline; na6jiuK-piijieuuiH3-public relations; pa(j)mep, pauiemeum, cayuOmpeK,ipyj i-KonmaKm, msanbe H MH. flp.
paj)mep - (pa<j)mumucm, pa<pmcMeH) - patpm um; pauiemeum (pauiazeum);cayH clmpeK- anrji. soundtrack);
(jjyj i-KOHmciKm; Kisaabe.
Kaui, xeiu, Kaui-naMsimb - aHrji. cache - louioebiu, louiupoeciHue, K3Mupoeamb,K3uiupoeambcii H jsp.
KajIBKH:
KOMHama cMepmu - death chamber, npozpciMMa KOH^uzypaifuu - softwareconfiguration, npoSoeojibcmeeHHaft (npoSyK moean) Kopsma - food basket, eupmyajibHaa
(3jieKmpoHHca) KOpsuna - virtual basket, zyM OHumapH biu KopuOop - humanitarian corridor,eajiiomHbiu Kopu6op - currency corridor, KopomKue 6yM azu (oQjiuza^uu) - short stock,KopomKUu eeKcejib - short bill, KopomKan npobaoica - short selling, KopomKOH nosuifUfi - shortposition; WKdzcKue McuibWKU - the Chicago Boys; Mopcvue KomuKU - Navy SEALS (UnitedSDtates Navy s Sea, Air, Lan Teams), Kocjie-naysa - cofee break, Kpeamue-MSHeQsicep -creative manager, jiezKue npo0yv.mbi - light food; sojionibie HapyiHUKU - golden handcuffs;nesaeucuMOfi juysbiKd - independent music; 6oM6oeoe oOesuio - bomb blanket; peneKpfw -dickspeak c KOMMem-apH eM: «Heononi3M J\'K. Opy3 juia H3 pO MaHa-aHTiiyToiiim «1984», 1948
r. - T. 3, 569-570). Kmo ecmb xy - nojiyKajibKa who is who (r. 1, 1254). Cp. TaioKe nojiyK ajibKH
THna Kpocc-paJpaSofnKd - cross-development.KoMMeHTapH H K KajiBKaM - Hanp.:
Kpom. TaiiHBiH areHT, BHeflpeHHLiii B cnei<cjiy}K6y apyroii CTpaHBi (pasz. -npocji. ). KajibKac anrji. mole (areHT, mnHOH). - nepBbiM HcnojiB30Baji OTOT TepM HH aHrjiHHCKHH nncaTe^b JIe
Kape. (T. 2, 369);kulxgcker - HCKaiKeHiie anrji. coo/ hacker (T. 2, 385-386);
-336IKOBbie HHHOBaqH H H3 flpyrHX a3BIKOB:
HeMeyicoro: Qccu - Ossi; ocmcuibzwi - Ostalgia (T. 2, 1298); cea6b6a cjionoe -Elefantenhochzeit; iuwibi)uK - Schild +-UK;
<{)paHiiy3 CKoro: jiaMdjib - lamelle, anrj]. lamella: Kpyaccau - croissant; HcnaHCKoro:
MOW - macho; cgmpusi - sangria;m-ajiBiiHCKoro: na3QHbsi - lasagne;qemcKoro: coifuajiucmu c wjioeevecKUM JIUI^OM -socialismus s lidskou tvdri (A.
^y6veK); yKpaiiHCKoro: caMOcmuuHOH; rpysHHCKoro: jiapu; anoHCKoro: KK) -; cyiuu, cycu -
SUSHl H ffp.
9. CjiOBOo6pa30BauHe.CjioBoo6pa30BaTejiBHtie Heojiora3MEi: KOMttbiomep - KOMnbmmep-aQpec, KOMnbiomep-
QjioKuom, KOMnbmmepum, KOMnbiomepufi, KOMnbiomepjieftf), ... KOMnbK>mepH 03jieKmp(MHbiu,.
KOMnbmmepHbiii (c Maccoii coqeTaHHH), KOMnbiomepoejiadejieii, KOMnbwmepozonuK,
KOMnbiomepozpgMMd, KOMnbmmepo3aeucuMbiu, KOMnbiomepoMOHUH, KOMnbwmep-omnpaeume. ib, KOMnbmmep-nojiyvamenb... (29 npoHSBd/iHBix);
Hcmo... HepBaa qacTb CJIOIKHLIX CJIOB, BHOcauiaa SHaieHHa: 1. HsMepaeMbm BHaHOMeTpax. 2. IfeMepaeMLm B HaHOMeTpax H CBasaHHbm c HaHOTexHOjroraaMH: HciHoajiMasbi,
HdHoannapam, HauoQuoiiQzusi, uaHozumgpa, si, HaHouHQycmpua, HdHOKOMnbiomep H HOHO-KOMflbfOmep ... HdHOMUp H HdHO-MUp, HaHonpoeoclHwc, HdHopasMep H HdHO-pasMep,HOHOpajMepH biu, HdHOo6opQm, HaHocmpyK mypHVtu, HciHOCxeMa, HdHomexiiojioz » HOHO-
mexHQJioz... HaHoycmpoucmeo, HaHOfacmuifa, HaH03jieKmpoHUKa » HaHo-aneKmpQHUKa,HaH03jiev. mpQHHbiu... (32 UpO H3BOflHLIx).
CM. TBIOKC npO H3BOaH t>ie OT CJIOB H KOpH efi:
APT... ; EH3HEC... BEE..., B3E..., WEB..., WWW...; nasep, nsice-, Maipu os-, weza-,
Meduo-, MUHU-, My3 -, Myjibmu-, napK O-, nati-, uej)me-, naHK-, nojiy-, non-, nopno-, nocm-, pO K-,
pan-, cynep-, 3KO- H pp.
CjioiKHBie cjioBa: cenbxos; mambe-aMfiup, rwambe-tiynoK, mambe-uiopmbi, njiauf-vypmKa, ceenoHozue; mejieepaHbe; mejieduea M noa.
10. Mop^ojiorniecKHe HeojiorB3Mu.«reTOepHBie napu»: jiomepeuufUK - jiomepeiiufuiia, ^oxompoHitfUK - ^oxompO HiifUiia,
MapzuHaji - MapzuHcviKa, Mozyj iucm - MOzyj iucmKa, HapOen - Hap6enKa, HapKOMcm -
HapK OMdHKa, uenezan - HejiezouiKa, HOMUHanm - HOMuncmmKa; nomoMOK - nomoMUtja, npeMbep
- npeMbepiua, npecc-ceKpemapb - npecc-ceKpemapuia, peKGucm - peKSucmKO, pQKeppQKepwa, pmijiep - pojinepuia, muiouOyicep - muHwOaicepKa, H flp. H p.sxae luoyeyM CH -
luoyeyM CHUia H MH. flp.
Il.<I>pa3eojiorBn.lepH Cifi aKyjia; Gasqp-eoKsqji; oco6bie JIK)OU - jiwilu c ozpaHuneHHbiMU 603MojiCHOcmsMU;
CJIUBHQZO GCIVKO KWO, fmo; Bejibie Gepembi; OepbMOMemauue HO eeumunHmop; SopbSa (Opms.a,cxeamKCi) [KCIKUX] Qyjibcloeoe noO KoepO M, Kmo KOM^ Baca; nonyvumb zopuiQK', copeamb
SsiceKnom; nepemsiuymb KaHam; sannbieamb 30 6yu; MopK oeKa [KOKOSI] 6nsi ocjia; MOpK QSKa
nepeO MQpOoii ocfia; MopKoeKa nepeO OCIIOM; noOeecHOH MopKoeKa 6w ocjia), paSomHUKuceucmKa [u jicesna (u nojiocgmoii nwiKU, u (jjypapicKu, u Keumautiuu)]', KojicaHbie lepena - aHrji.
skinheads; lethernecks; Kjiacmb [ceou] stuifa e pasHbie KOpswibi - aHrji. put eggs in differentbasket.
XaproHHaa (jipaseojiorna:JIoxMomumb 6g6ywKy; ceiiHmumb 6quiHK> KOMy, y KOZO [na HSM]; c jioxMamozo
zoQa\ KOMcmi)a <I>JiuHma; He e JIOM KOMy imo; e HenouRmKe; c ncuibifOMii eeepoM; ipjiuHm
KpK>.
12. Kpbi. iaikie c.iioba-iieo.'ioi iiiMbi.
Buiuneebiu ca6; BacbKU3M; ffemu Ap6ama;FauQap, Enbifun, VyGaiic u ezo KOMaHf)a;
7
Jlojiuma;
Majibiuiu-KuSajibvuiu; MaHKypmu3aifusi - MmiKypcmeo;MapmoGpb;Mgyzjiu;Moiwnb/ saMoiumb e copmupe (y napmuu) KOZO;TIaxamb KCIK pa6 ua zajiepax - KHnra AjieKcaHapa KojrecHHKOBa «IIpopa6 na zanepax»
(2017), nymuH-KpaG.HavcuibHUK L!yKomKU;
Hauie ece.
PeTpocneKTHBHaa «aajiLHo6oiiHOCTL» KpbijiaTux CJIOB: BBipa}KeHiie-aMepH KaHii3M M.C.
FopGaqeBa pacKaHueanue HOCIKU, KOpaQna.CeMaHTHiecKaa aMnjiHTy^a KpBijiaTbix CJIOB:
Kpacnas wanoHKd «cnHpT ocoaep)Kaiqaa IKM^KOCTI, xo3aiiCTBeHHoro HasHaneHna B
6yT jiKax c KpacnoH KpEimeqKofi (npoSKOd), HcnojiasyeMaa B KaiecTBe saMeHHTCJia ajiKorojia».
1. Pa3z. RIymji. ^(eacypH aa B MeTpo. 2. ApM. BoeHHoejiyiKaiiiHH BHyrpeRHHX BOHCK. 3. Xapz.apM. CojiaaT, yB OjieHHHH B 3anac H3 BOHCK MBj],. 4. )Kapz. apM. BHyTpenHHe BoiicKa. 5.
ApecT. OcyxwH fibm - GUBUIHH oijiHyep. 6. fKapz. yzoji. ABTOpHTeTHbra Bop, npeKpaTBmHiinpecTyimyK ) .gesrrejibHOCTb. 7. Xapz. apecm. BopoBCKaii rpynnnpO BKa, He npiuHaioiim
TiopeMHbix TpEUIHyiiti a Hapymaiouiaa peiKHM B KOJIOHHH. 8. fKapz. MOJI. Hlymji. MyxcKOHnojioBoii opran. 9. }Kapz. ZOM. UJymji. naccHBHbiii roMOceKcyajmcT. 10. )Kapz. yzon., MOJI.BeHepH iecKHe 3a6oj]eBamia.
JIevb na pejibCbi; pbisicuu Kap6uHWi -cepbiii Kap6uHcui; ApxamejibCKuu MywcuK.XaproHHtie KOMiioHem-Bi, nopo?K^aK>iiiHe aKTHBHufi 4)pa30o6pa30BaTejibH&iH paa:
maiifumbcfi «HcnuTbiBaTb BocxHiueHHe, nojiynaTb y/iOBojiBCTBHe» - maufumbCfi KCIK y6as (ywc)no cmeKjioeame (no acipa jibmy, no nanv.e Mapzapuna); maufumbCH e QCJIOM; maufumboi e cuneM
HaP.
Cyxou ocmamoK, a cyxoM ocmamKe:CmanoK OJIH mpaxanbii..
CyUEPHOBME <KPA3EOJIOrH3MbI
<I>HKcuTb Sam. Hcnpaejisimb ouiuGicu.
^ K noHHMaro, o ICM TU, npocTO KOHiienuH a aHTHMOHonojiBHLix cjiyacS = KOCTBIJIH,
npH 3BaHHEie Koe-KaK ^HKCHTS 6am KanHTajiHCTHiecKoro ycTpoiicTBa BKOHOMHKH, H,
KaiKCTCa, 3TOT BH^ peryjiiiiiHH naqHHaeT ycTapeBaTL (B CHjiy CBoeii HecHCTeMHOCTH).http://leotsarev. livejoumal. com/507692.html?thread=5673516
ripouiHTO B fiiioce vmo-jiu6o y KOZo-nuGo. HpoH. 0 KOKUx-jiuGo eposicSeimbix nepmaxxapaKmepa.
^ y Hac B BHpM jieBo y aeTeii npaBHjio aaBaTb c^aiH 6Lijio no-MoeMy npomHTO B
6Hoce. J\a, MOIKCT HC nojiyiHTbca OTBeTHTb, o6HOTHK qacTO OKasbiBajica cnjibHee HJIH6ucTpee, HO nepB aa peaKUHa y BCCX Bceraa - nonbrraTbCii yaapHTB B OTBeT. http://funny-smile. livejoumal.com/699295.html
OTpauiHBaTb/oTpacTHTb fl3eH. VcnoKaueambOi, eecmu ceQsi cnoKoiiHO e KpumuvecKuxcumyaifUHX, CHOKOUHO peazupoeamb HO HenpuamHbie co6bimu»
^ PI He roBopn! K ciacTbio, a yace OTpacTHjia /j.ses, H TOJII>KO nocMeHBaascB )http://gelena08. 1ivejoumal. com/178850. html?thread=2800290
IKeib HanajiMOM. yQuensimti HCM-nuQo (nocmynKOMU, cjioea u 6p. ); npueneKamb c ce6eeHUMMue.
^- HeT, a npaBfla B BocxHiiteHHH, aBTOp a6comoTHO H 6e3oropoqHO aciKeT HanaiiMOM.rioiiay npujioiKy K rojioBe OaHaiia, qTO JIH. http://birdcatcher-911 .livejoumal. com/56961 . html
3iiKph ]H;iii> reurra. nbT. 3aeepuiamb KaKoe-iiuQo eawcHoe Oejio, coeepuiumb SHawMbm
nocmynoK
^- CjiyiHjica pa3Bog, a cTajia CBo6oaHOii )KeHiuH HOH, npH imia B ce6a H nomjia
3aKpM BaTb remrajiBT. Hy H OKa3ajiocB, HTO OH TaKoft, KBK a HOMHK). H nojiyqnjiocb TBK,
1TO MBI BMCCTC y3Ke MHOTO JICT, H a HH o ICM He )Kaj[eK>. http://prostitutka-ket. livejoumal. com/213050. html?thread=l 12329018
3anacaTbCH iioiiKopiio-M [B naTponaMH]. Owcubamb nezo-nuQo (paseumufi KdKux-jiuGoco6bimiiii) c wimepecoM
^ Hero TBM CMOTpCTb? KTO SBIJI HSHaqajIBHO npH pa3BOpO BHBaHHH, TOT TBK H OCTajICa y
BjiacTii. 3aecb aaxe nonKopH OM sanacaTBca He HyiKno, - m-aK noHBTHO.
http://gmorder. livejoumal.com/3486241 .html?thread=69551393
HopTUTb KapM y. Bpe()umb KOMy-jiu6o (o6biliHO - ceSe)^- SHBHHT, BH, Ajiema, 3TH yrpo3Li MHC 11 MOHM WTaM caMH npnayM ajiH?! Aii-aii-siii!
IITO » Bbi ce6e KapM y-TO TBK nopT HTe. :(http://vg-saveliev.livejoumal. com/1206462.html?thread=67483582CraBHTb flHamo3 no H»3epnHKy. ffaeamb sawimHeHUfi, Oejiamb ebieodbi, HeocHoeueaacb na ipaKmax u iiOKasamenbcmeax.
^- Bama oueHKa Moero HHTejuieKTa no KOMMeHTapnaM - 6eci<eHHa. ECJIH yM eeTe eiye
CTaBHTb ^HarH03 no Ki3epnHKy - BajiaiiTe ) http://your-look-today. livejoumal. com/1914240. html?thread=l 15858560EcTb/ciecTb Bee, ITO He npH KOjioqeHO. MHOZO ecmb; o6jici()amb xopoiuuM
annemumoM.
^ FpycTHaa BCIUB B03pacT. B 18 neT jionaemL Bee, HTO He npH KOjioqeHO, npH 3TOM
nopxaeuib Kax lOHbm 3jiL(j) H Beciimb KBK imiiKa, B 38 jin6o cjie^HmL 3a HHTaHHeM,
jm6o CTaHOBBmbca Heo6i>aTHOH H He3aopoBoti. http://gelena-s. livejoumal.com/278790.html?thread=9327366IhliiBiihiii lyK OTCKHH lOHOma. HpO H. Diynbiu, 6oeepHuewu nejioeeK
^ To ecTL qro, Hamejica TaKH 6ajia6oji, KOTOpbra B3ajica o6i>acHaT6 Hapoay, ITO 90-e
3TO xopomo? Hapoay, KOTOpL iii caM B BTH 90-e )KHJI? H 3TOT HaHBHEIH qyK OTCKHH
lOHoma flyM aeT, HTO KTO TO eMy noBepM T?
http://graphitediamond.livejoumal. com/48747.html?thread=l 199211HaTnraaaTb coey Ha rjioSyc. MaHunyjiupoeamb (paKmaMU, nodmacoeueamb (paKmu cifejibjo OoKa3amb ceom nosuifum.
^ HTo6bi OHCHB TOJICTO HaMeKHyrb, HTO BH aaHHMaeTecb aeMarorHeii, KBK BBM yiKe3aMeTHjra. HTO Bbi oieHB cTapaTeji&HO HararHBaeTe coBy Ha rjioSyc, H 3TO oqeHb6pocaeTca B roasa. l!yBaK, fla TBI HJIH Hac 3a H^HOTOB ^epiKHmB, HJIH y Te6a ^Bipa B
MbimjieHHH pa3MepoM c BejiHKHH KaHLOH! fla 3TO TKS KpHTHqeciam Bar, KOTOpHH
CpO IHO HCHpaBJIBTB Ha^o!
http://gorky-look. livejournal. com/71734. html7thread-33027382
rpaiiiiiia MeiKqy pairoBOpiiLiMii u -Kapi oiiiibiMii cjioBaMu H BbipaAeiiiinMiiOCTaCTCH CnOpHOB:
noji-jiuMOHCi; cepeaK; paseecmu KOZO Ha OeHbzu, 6a6Ku; paseecmu (paseo6umb) cmpejiKu(cmpejiKy, cmpejibi) (no ieMy).
Henaweamb.
KjiwKea;
HUKOZCKUC MajlbfUKU;Cepb ie zycu - H3 anrji. wild geeze (HaeMHHKM) BMecTO geese.
HoBoe B pyccKOM a3biKe npoHHauaaeT noiTH Bee cfjiepE i coBpeMeHHOH IKHSHH - KBK
cijiepu peajiEHofi, SEITOBOH IKHSHH, raK H c^epL i :>KH3iffl ̂ yxoBHofl.2 OCHOBHHe CTpyii:1. iailMCTBOIiaiIHH (B TOM qHCJie KanbKH) H3 eBpO neiiCKHX 33BIKOB H oco6eHHO
anrjmBcKoro B ero aMepHKancKOM BapH aHTe. OHH oxBaTbiBaK)T M HayiHO-TexHHqecKyio(oeo6eHHO - KOMHBKITepHyio) o6jiaCTH, H coqH ajiEHO-nojiiiTHqecKyio H ny6jiHUHCTHqecKyio, HC(j)epy paaroBopHO-npocTopeiHyro, BKjiroiaioniyro Mo. io.'ieA'iibiii xaproH.
2. BTOpaa CTpya - npopLiB B coBpeMeHHbiii pycciarii a3biK 2KaproHH3MOB 11
paaroBopno-npocTopeiHOH u 6paHHo-3KcnpeccHBHofl CTHXUH, w nepecTpoHKHocTaBaBmeBCii aa npegejiaMH jiHTepaTypHoii HOpM bi.
He pa3pyiirajm jm 3TH HOTOKB KjiaccHiecKoro a3biKa, KOTOpbiM MBI TBK ropflHMca?- HCT, ne pa3pymaioT!! !
He pa3pymaK)T noTOMy, ITO KBK 6u HH 6ujiH CHJII>HI>I HOBLie 23biKOBLie HOTOKH,KOTOpue CTajui ceroflHa oGieKTOM afiajifisa Ha nameM npoijm-CeMHHapa, OHH Bce-TaKH - jiHmaIIOTOKH. A BJIHBBKITCa OHH B nOJlHOBO^HHH H HeHCCiIKaeMBM BO^HHH HCTOTIHHK. HM)IKOTOpoMy - urapoKaa H rjiy6oKaa peKa pyccKoro napo^Horo H jiHTepaTypH oro a3EiKa.
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