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Übersicht
eLearning StandardsIMS Learning Design Workflow and Process ManagementISO Collaborative Technology
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Standardisierung
Focus learning objectsStandards
IEEE Learning Object MetadataIMS Content PackagingIMS Simple Sequencing
SCORM - Sharable Content Object Reference Model
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Standardisierung
SCORM besteht ausContent Aggregation Model
ContentRun-Time Environment
LMSSequencing and Navigation
Learning Activities
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Learning Activity
A learning activity may be loosely described as a meaningful unit of instruction; it is conceptually something the learner ‘does’ while progressing through instruction.
single user, lone learnerLearner to content interactions
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Kritik
mangelnde Zuordnung der Learning Objects zu didaktischen Kontextenfehlende Abbildung von Lernprozessen Aktivitäten und RollenFehlende Unterstützung von kooperativen Lernszenarien
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Shift towards ...
Activity centric viewIndividual and group learning activitiesPeople to People
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EMLs
EML – Educational Modelling Language„An EML is a semantic model describing
the content and process within a ‘unit of learning‘ from a pedagogical perspective in order to support reuse and interoperability.“
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EMLs
OUNL EML Open University of the NetherlandsIMS Learning DesignPALOUniversidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED)Limited to individual tasks
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IMS Learning Design
Language to describe learning processesWho does what, when and with which content and services in order to achieve learning objectives?Units of LearningSmallest unit satisfying a learning objective
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IMS Learning Design
Elements of any unit of learnig:resourcesinstructions for learning activitiestemplates for structured interactionslearning goals, objectives and outcomes
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IMS Learning Design
Core ConceptsPerson gets a role in the teaching-learning processPerson works toward outcomes by performing structured learning or support activities Environment consists of learning objects and services
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Vereinfachte Struktur<learning-design>
<learning-objectives><prerequisites><components>
<roles><learner><staff>
<activities><learning-activity><support-activity><activity-structure>
<environments><environnment>
<learning-object><service>
<method><play>
<act><role-part>
<role-ref><learning/support-activity-ref>
<metadata>
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IMS Learning Design
Different implementation LevelsLevel ARoles, Activities
Level BProperties and conditions for the learning flow
Level CMessaging between system components and between roles
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Use Cases
Adapting Units of Learning to ProfileProblem Based LearningJigsaw Collaborative Activity
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Workflow and Process Management
Workflow:„The automation of a business process, in whole or part, during which documents, information or tasks are passed from one participant to another for action, according to a set of rules.“Workflow Management Coalition – WfMC
Focus: Process
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Workflow and Process Management
CSCW
Workflow ManagementStark strukturierte ProzesseAutomatisierung von Prozessen
GroupwareSchwach strukturierte ProzesseKommunikations-diensteBenutzer wählt Dienste und Aktivitäten aus
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Workflow Management
Applikationen und Standards zur Modellierung und Steuerung von Prozessen vorhanden.Anwendung bisher im Wirtschaftsbereich.Lernszenarios sind oft schwach strukturiert. Sind WFMS flexibel genug, um Lernszenarios zu unterstützen?
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ISO Collaborative Technology
Information Technology for Learning, Education and TrainingISO SC36 WG2Standardisierung von
Collaborative WorkplaceAgent/Agent Learner to Learner Interaction
Status: initial draftsRelevanz unklar
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Fazit
Mit IMS LD können kooperative Lernszenarien modelliert werden.Bisher keine Autoren- und Playersoftware vorhanden.Einschränkungen und Erweiterungsmöglichkeiten?Reuse von Elementen?Praxistauglichkeit?
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Referenzen
IMS Learning Design http://www.imsglobal.org/learningdesign/Implementing Learning Design: The Learning Activity Management System (LAMS)http://www.melcoe.mq.edu.au/res.htmISO SC36/WG2 Collaboration Technologyhttp://collab-tech.jtc1sc36.org/index.htmlOUNL EML http://eml.ou.nl/Workflow Management Coalition http://www.wfmc.org/