Formalisierung von Akitivitätsstrukturen

Stephan TrahaschTobias Lauer

4. Februar 2004

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Übersicht

eLearning StandardsIMS Learning Design Workflow and Process ManagementISO Collaborative Technology

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Standardisierung

Focus learning objectsStandards

IEEE Learning Object MetadataIMS Content PackagingIMS Simple Sequencing

SCORM - Sharable Content Object Reference Model

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Standardisierung

SCORM besteht ausContent Aggregation Model

ContentRun-Time Environment

LMSSequencing and Navigation

Learning Activities

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Learning Activity

A learning activity may be loosely described as a meaningful unit of instruction; it is conceptually something the learner ‘does’ while progressing through instruction.

single user, lone learnerLearner to content interactions

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Kritik

mangelnde Zuordnung der Learning Objects zu didaktischen Kontextenfehlende Abbildung von Lernprozessen Aktivitäten und RollenFehlende Unterstützung von kooperativen Lernszenarien

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Shift towards ...

Activity centric viewIndividual and group learning activitiesPeople to People

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EMLs

EML – Educational Modelling Language„An EML is a semantic model describing

the content and process within a ‘unit of learning‘ from a pedagogical perspective in order to support reuse and interoperability.“

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EMLs

OUNL EML Open University of the NetherlandsIMS Learning DesignPALOUniversidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED)Limited to individual tasks

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IMS Learning Design

Language to describe learning processesWho does what, when and with which content and services in order to achieve learning objectives?Units of LearningSmallest unit satisfying a learning objective

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IMS Learning Design

Elements of any unit of learnig:resourcesinstructions for learning activitiestemplates for structured interactionslearning goals, objectives and outcomes

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IMS Learning Design

Core ConceptsPerson gets a role in the teaching-learning processPerson works toward outcomes by performing structured learning or support activities Environment consists of learning objects and services

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Diagramm

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Vereinfachte Struktur<learning-design>

<learning-objectives><prerequisites><components>

<roles><learner><staff>

<activities><learning-activity><support-activity><activity-structure>

<environments><environnment>

<learning-object><service>

<method><play>

<act><role-part>

<role-ref><learning/support-activity-ref>

<metadata>

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IMS Learning Design

Different implementation LevelsLevel ARoles, Activities

Level BProperties and conditions for the learning flow

Level CMessaging between system components and between roles

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Use Cases

Adapting Units of Learning to ProfileProblem Based LearningJigsaw Collaborative Activity

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Workflow and Process Management

Workflow:„The automation of a business process, in whole or part, during which documents, information or tasks are passed from one participant to another for action, according to a set of rules.“Workflow Management Coalition – WfMC

Focus: Process

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Workflow and Process Management

CSCW

Workflow ManagementStark strukturierte ProzesseAutomatisierung von Prozessen

GroupwareSchwach strukturierte ProzesseKommunikations-diensteBenutzer wählt Dienste und Aktivitäten aus

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Workflow and Process Management

Unterstützungs-funktionen

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Workflow Management

Applikationen und Standards zur Modellierung und Steuerung von Prozessen vorhanden.Anwendung bisher im Wirtschaftsbereich.Lernszenarios sind oft schwach strukturiert. Sind WFMS flexibel genug, um Lernszenarios zu unterstützen?

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ISO Collaborative Technology

Information Technology for Learning, Education and TrainingISO SC36 WG2Standardisierung von

Collaborative WorkplaceAgent/Agent Learner to Learner Interaction

Status: initial draftsRelevanz unklar

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Fazit

Mit IMS LD können kooperative Lernszenarien modelliert werden.Bisher keine Autoren- und Playersoftware vorhanden.Einschränkungen und Erweiterungsmöglichkeiten?Reuse von Elementen?Praxistauglichkeit?

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Referenzen

IMS Learning Design http://www.imsglobal.org/learningdesign/Implementing Learning Design: The Learning Activity Management System (LAMS)http://www.melcoe.mq.edu.au/res.htmISO SC36/WG2 Collaboration Technologyhttp://collab-tech.jtc1sc36.org/index.htmlOUNL EML http://eml.ou.nl/Workflow Management Coalition http://www.wfmc.org/