Erfahrungsbericht: Jepirachi – Pilot Windprojekt der Firma ... · • Nordex N60 and Nordex N62 with 1300 kW - stall regulated • Südwind S70 and Südwind S77 with 1500 kW - pitch

We‘ve got the power

Erfahrungsbericht: Jepirachi – Pilot Windprojekt der Firma „Empresas Publicas de Medellín“ (EPM) in Kolumbien

2002

Erneuerbare Energien in

Latein-Amerika

Hamburg,

21. August 2006


Projektbeschreibung

2002

•Bau und Betrieb des Windparks Jepirachi, Alta Guajira, Colombia

•Installierte Leistung: 19,5 MW; Inbetriebnahme: 2004

•Gesamtinvestment: 27,8 Mio. US$ (Anteil Windturbinen: 19,6 Mio. US$)

•Ausgewählter Windturbinentyp: 15 N60/1300 kW, 60 m Nabenhöhe

•Prognostizierte Vollaststunden und Produktion:

4.330 h equivalent to 84,5 GWh per year

•Windparkbetreiber: Empresas Publicas de Medellín (EPM)

•Windturbinenhersteller: Nordex Energy GmbH, Hamburg

•Weitere Lieferpakete, direkt von EPM an Dritte vergeben:

- Erstellung des Umspannwerks innerhalb des Windparks

- Überlandleitung bis zum Netz, ca. 700 m (110 kV)

- Bauleistung: Zuwegungsstaßen, Anlagen- fundamente, Gebäude u.a. für Ersatzteillagerung


• Strom wird hauptsächlich aus Wasserkraft erzeugt.

• Gesamte installierte Leistung in Kolumbien (2002): 13.168 MW

• Generation Mix:

Hydro Gas Kohle Andere

66% 28% 5% 1%

• Weiteres Wasserkraftpotential besteht und wird auch zur Zeit ausgebaut. Keine Stromimporte aus dem Ausland.

• Keine Netzanbindung zu Brasilien, Panama und Peru, geringe Kapazität zu Venezuela.

• In Zukunft wird das kolumbanische Netz an ein überregionales Netz, was vom NAFTA Raum bis Kolumbien und Venezuela reichen soll, angeschlossen. Dadurch entstehen Strom-Export-Möglichkeiten.

Strom-Mix Kolumbien


• Der Strommarkt ist komplett liberalisiert.

• Angebot und Nachfrage werden über ein Pool-System geregelt.

• Es gibt keine Subventionen für Strom aus erneuerbaren Energiequellen.

• Nur Stromerzeuger mit einer max. Kapazität von bis zu 20 MW erhalten ein permanentes Einspeiserecht. Verkauf erfolgt zu Poolpreisen.

• Deshalb wurde die Kapazität für Jepirachi mit 19,5 MW festgelegt.

• Das Pilotprojekt Jepirachi soll herangezogen werden, um zu beurteilen, ob Windkraft eine wirtschaftliche, zusätzliche Stromquelle für Kolumbien darstellt.

Legaler Rahmen für Stromerzeuger in Kolumbien


Standort des Windparks Jepirachi

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Kolumbien � Alta Guajira

Page 6


Alta Guajira � Windpark Jepirachi

Page 7


Lay-out des Windparks inkl. Umspannwerk

Page 8


Windanalyse Jepirachi (I)

Page 9

Weibull Parameters: A = 10.82 m/s; K= 3.691 Mean Wind Speed: V = 9.77 m/s


Windanalyse Jepirachi (II)

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Sector Mean speed Frequency[m/s] [%]

N 2.79 0.3NNE 4.62 1.4ENE 11.23 20.1E 9.84 72.8ESE 6.46 3.2SSE 4.14 0.5S 2.25 0.2SSW 2.72 0.2WSW 2.87 0.2W 3.17 0.2WNW 3.33 0.3NNW 3.65 0.6

WIND ROSES

•Predominant winds from East direction


Windanalyse Jepirachi (III)

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WTG Mean wind NET AEP Eq. Hours Wake speed[m/s] [MWh/y] [h] [%]

1 10,1 5706,7 4390 0,02 10,1 5732,2 4409 -0,13 10,2 5741,8 4417 -0,14 10,2 5742,7 4417 -0,25 10,2 5747,5 4421 -0,26 10,2 5776,8 4444 0,07 10,2 5759,3 4430 -0,18 10,2 5770,0 4438 0,09 10,2 5676,4 4366 -2,5

10 10,3 5565,8 4281 -4,911 10,3 5500,4 4231 -6,912 10,3 5456,0 4197 -7,413 10,3 5414,5 4165 -7,514 10,3 5445,2 4189 -6,815 10,2 5478,6 4214 -6,1

84513,9 4334 -2,9Windfarm:

Prognose:

•Starkwindstandort

•50% Auslastungsfaktor (in BRD im Durchschnitt unter 30%)

•Trotz eines Abstandes von 1 km zwischen den Reihen, ist der Abschattungseffekt deutlich; Ursache: vorherrschende Winde aus östlicher Richtung


Anlagenlieferant Nordex Energy GmbH

Page 6


Nordex: Our Know-how

Page 13

Project development Marketing/Sales Financing

Wind farm system planning

Technical Realisation

Wind farm operation

• Worldwide experience in technical planning of wind farm systems

• Comprehensive competence in the system design and for key

components

• Turnkey installation including grid connection in key-markets

• Electronic remote monitoring and responsive service

NORDEX masters the entire technical value chain


Rostock - Our Production Facility: Machines and Blades

Page 14


Nordex: General Product Quality

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Reliable yields thanks to • dependable operation

• high level of availability

• top quality

• pioneering technology

• designed for a service life of at least 20 years.

The DIN ISO 9001 certification stands for the tested quality of our products.


Nordex-Product Portfolio - Onshore

Page 16

• Nordex N50 with 800 kW - stall regulated

• Nordex N60 and Nordex N62 with 1300 kW - stall regulated

• Südwind S70 and Südwind S77 with 1500 kW - pitch regulated

• Nordex N80 with 2500 kW - pitch regulated

• Nordex N90 with 2300 kW - pitch regulated


Nordex: Cold Climate and Hot Climate

Page 17

Sophisticated solutions for tropical temperated and arctic climates for the turbines N50, N60, N62 and N90 Cold Climate Version • special materials and components for peformance betweeen - 30…+ 40 ° C Hot Climate Version • special air condition (turbine controller) • additional cooling units (gear box and generator)


Nordex: Two Tower Types

Page 18

Tubular steel tower • three or four segments, depending on the height • door positioned in the bottom of the tower • platforms, emergency lighting, safety cable and resting and working platforms • switch cabinets in the bottom of tower • several coatings of paint against corrosion • each tower is a rigid structure Lattice tower • square, angled structure/hyperbolic form • hot-dip galvanized(DIN EN ISO 1461) • ladder to provide access • Local production easy, transport costs low • climbing-protection, systemsteel safety cable, resting stages


Nordex: Service

Page 19

• Twice a year Regular inspection and maintenance • 24-hour remote monitoring and remote service for all turbines (Condition: Telefon Connection) • Stocking and supply of spare parts • Training for customers and operators at the Nordex Service Academy •Supervision of Maintenance works by Nordex specialists on-site, One-Year- Training during operation of the wind farm


Nordex: The Installation

Page 20

•Guajira, Colombia

•Somewhere in Germany


The Transport over land...

Page 21


...and over seas

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The Installation of the Nacelle

Page 23


Social aspects of the wind project

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Social aspects of the wind project

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•The wind farm will be constructed within indigenous territory owned by the Wayúu

•Colombia‘s constitution acknowledges the traditional rights of the ethnic minorities

•The Wayúu council of elders had to grant a concession to the public works

•EPM conducted complex environmental studies, considered the local interests and are paying attention to the needs and objections of the indigenous group

•A special education programm for EPM employees and contractors focussing on a positive intercultural exchange for a smooth implementation of the project

•A list of compensation measures were agreed with the Wayúu, including the supply with drinking water by a desalination plant and other health measures

•Generation of local income and the creation of new jobs


Programm of the project implementation

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J F MA MJ J A S ON D J F MA MJ J A S ON D J F MA MJ J A S ON D J F MA MJ J A S ON D J F MA MJ J A S ON D J F MA MJ J A S ON DMilestones:

Total time of the project:

Project Idea and pre-study by EPM

Viability study and local information

Local permits and environmental studies

Signing of contract with German GTZfor technical assessmen

Period of wind measurements

International tender for wind turbines ending with signing of contracts

Construction phase of the wind farms including civil and electrical works

Commissioning of Wind farm and start of operation

2002 20031998 1999 2000 2001


Financial environment

Page 27

International Benefits:

•EPM signed a sales contract for Carbon Certificates under the Emission Reductions Purchase Agreement (ERPA) with the Prototype Carbon Fund operated by the World bank

•The sale of around 800.000 tons of avoided CO2 emissión during the first 14 years of operation of the wind plant results in approx. 3,2 Mio US$ additional income to EPM and thus helps to improve the overall economics of the project.

Due to lower prices achievable on the market for the certificates EPM exspects only a reduced income in accordance with the latest information gathered.

Local Benefits:

•Already in 2002 EPM received the certificate, that the „Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología“ includes the project Jepirachi in the list of „Innovative Technology“

•As a consequence EPM can count the investment costs towards the pre-tax profits

•Local tax benefits help to boost renewable energy projects in the start phase

Financial structure of the project:

-EPM is financing 100% of the project costs with equity


Special Technical Issues of the project Jepirachi

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•Due to the excellent wind conditions the broadly proven N60, certified in Germanischer Lloyed class I, has been selected applying the robust stall technology of Nordex with less O&M works and reduced wear and tear (fewer movable parts)

•Local crane is available in Colombia what lowers installation costs significantly

•EPM will conduct a broad study supported by Nordex referred to the operation of this wind farm under Carribian wind and climatic conditions; Target: to install furhter 200 MW; optimize design of turbines and improve operation

•Power curve measurement will be conducted by an international independent consultant on site

•Implimentation of a modern WEB-side based Windfarm management and Scada system, developped by Nordex

•Application of the hot climate version for the installed turbines and special features to prevent sensible turbine components from the penetration of fine sand and carbon particles


LA TECNOLOGÍA: Fase de la explotación del parque eólico

• Producción total (1er anyo de explotación): aprox. 67.000 MWh

• Disponibilidad (1er anyo de explotación): 96,5%

• Comprobación de la Curva de Potencia de la N60/1300 por un experto independiente concluido

• Formación del personal del cliente on-site

• Problemas ocuridos:

� Primer anyo de operación: regímen del viento mas bajo que la media � Paradas frecuentes por indisponibilidad de la línea de interconexión � Cambio de un rodamiento en algunos de los generadores asincronos

causados por las temperaturas elevadas; empresas locales subcontratados; medida tomada: aumentar ventilación dentro de la góndula

� Reforzamiento de los equipos de aire-condicionados en los cuadros de baja tensión en la base de las torres debido a temperaturas elevadas


Erfahrungen aus der technischen Zusammenarbeit


Zu schaffende Rahmenbedingungen für die erfolgreiche Durchführung von Windprojekten in Mittel- und Südamerika (insbesondere für Lieferungen im Zeitraum 2007 bis 2009)

• Situation der Windturbinenlieferanten Ende 2006:

- Weltweite Nachfrage übersteigt das Angebot für die Jahre 2007 und wahrscheinlich auch für 2008

- ...


Aktuelle Installationskosten am Windmarkt


The necessary steps for a successful wind farm I

Page 33

For wind projects in particular:

-Legal Conditions: wind projects can not guarrantee any power out put, obligation of purchasing all generated energy independent from time of dispatch must be in force

-Wind Resource Study: wind conditions need to be assessed by an independant consultant; at least 1 year wind measurements on site to be undertaken; (special international programms such as the TERNA programm from German GTZ exist in order to perform and finance wind resources studies)

-Complex planning as wind projects are often installed in remote areas not declared for industrial use

For IPP projects in general and for wind projects the following aspects have to be considered:

-Check of Legal conditions: Regulation of IPPs and PPAs

-Project idea and location of the project

-Analysis of the environmental, social and climatic conditions

-Analysis of the demand situation and the grid connection points with sufficient capacity

-Land lease/purchase agreements for the project site

-Passing through the permission process on all administrative levels


The necessary steps for a successful wind farm II

Page 34


-Design of lay-out of the wind farm, using the wind data; recomended minimum size of a wind farm: 20 MW which enhances reasonable pricing of the manufacturers and opens possibilities for internationl financing

-Research on special subsidies for renewabel energies (national and international); special attention should be paid to: Denmark, Germany, Spain and USA (home of most turbine manufacturers)

-Consideration of allready existing Carbon Fund Certificates traded on the market

-Tender documents should include specific wind and climatical data, nominated power of wind turbines to install

For IPP projects in general and for wind projects:

- Design of plant

-Feasibility studies

-Negotiation of the PPA contract

-Identification of Project Sponsors and financing institutions, applying for subsidies from national and/or international funds

-Tax planning

-Softloan posibilities (checking, whether funds are still available within bi-lateral agreements)

-Tender process in order to get valid offers considering the exchange rate risk


The necessary steps for a successful wind farm III

Page 35


-Special attention in wind projects should be paid to the accessibility of the location for heavy and long trucks and cranes including the obtaining of the associated land leaves;

-Vicinity of site to a suitable port

-Detailed soil report for all turbine locations should be effected

-Crane availability in the country for erection of wind turbines on site

-Availability of grid connection capacity according to erection schedule of wind turbines already after first installations

For IPP projects in general and for wind projects:

-Construction and supply contract conditions should fulfil international standards including applicable law and arbitrary in order to avoid overpricing because of political or juridical risks

-Reaching of Financial Close (Project sponsors and financing banks)

-Award of contracts and start of construction works supervised by an independent Engineering Company


Danke Schön!

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Documents

Erfahrungsbericht: Jepirachi – Pilot Windprojekt der Firma ... · • Nordex N60 and Nordex N62 with 1300 kW - stall regulated • Südwind S70 and Südwind S77 with 1500 kW - pitch