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Andreas Küttel, PhD
«Karrierenübergang ins Leben nach dem Spitzensport –
ein Vergleich ehemaliger Spitzensportler aus der Schweiz, Dänemark und Polen»
ZHAW Zürich, 17. Mai 2017 IAP Fachtagung Laufbahnen im Sport
Übergänge ins Leben nach dem Leistungssport
1
Programm
Einführung ins Thema: Karrierenübergang ins “nachsportliche” Leben
PhD Projekt “A cross-cultural comparison of the transition out of elite
sport of Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes”
Resultate der Athletenbefragung und Ländervergleich
Kultureller Vergleich der Dual Career Systeme
Schweiz – Dänemark – Polen
2
Einführung
Athletic retirement (“Athletische Pensionierung”)
Definition einer Transition (“Übergang”)
“an event or non-event (which) results in a change in assumptions about oneself and the
world, and thus requires a corresponding change in one’s behavior and relationships” (Schlossberg, 1981, p. 5)
Verschiedene Arten von Übergängen: (nicht-) athletische
(nicht-) normative (Wyllleman & Lavallee, 2004)
Neue Trends in der Forschung von athletischen Karriereübegängen:
Einfluss des Kontexts
3
Untersuchungsfrage und Ziel des Projekts
Ziele des Projekts:
1) Vergleich des Karriereübergangs von ehemaligen Schweizer,
Dänischen, und Polnischen Athleten
2) Identifikation ob und wie verschiedenste Faktoren zu einem
gelungen Übergang beitragen
3) Erhöhung des Verständnis inwiefern Sportkarrieren und
Ausbildungswege vom nationalen Kontext beeinflusst werden
Welcher Einfluss hat der kulturelle Kontext und das Sportsystem
verschiedener Länder auf den Karrierenübergang und die Qualität der
Anpassung an das Leben nach dem Spitzensport?
4
Übersicht des Forschungsprojekts
Literatur Recherche
Entwicklung des theoretischen Frameworks
Teil 1: Quantitativ
Onlinebefragung mit
ehemaligen Spitzensportlern
aus der Schweiz, Dänemark,
und Polen über Sportskarriere,
Karriereübergang und die
Situation und Konsequenzen
Teil 2: Qualitativ
Interviews mit Dual Career
Experten in der Schweiz,
Dänemark, und Polen sowie
Dokumentanalyse über
Sportsystem und Karriere-
programme für Spitzensportler
Diskussion und praktische Implikationen
Figure 1: Overview of the PhD thesis.
5
Ecological framework to study
the transition out of elite sport
Macro-level Welfare system
(Country) Domestic living standards
Cultural dimensions
Meso-level Financial support for elite athletes
(Sports system) Dual career possibilities for elite athletes
Availability/quality of athlete career- and retirement services
Mass media attention for sport disciplines
The transition out of elite sport with relevant demands
Micro-level (Athletes’ close
environment)
Potential transition
resources/barriers
Individual
characteristics
Quality of the
transition
Adaptation to the
post-sport life
Career-end
characteristics
Environmental
characteristics
Cultu
ral p
raxis
of a
thle
tes’ c
are
er p
ara
dig
m
Athlete as a whole person; holistic lifespan perspective of athletes’ career
(Kuettel, 2017)
Figure 2: Ecological framework to study the transition out of elite sport.
6
Aspect Switzerland (CH) Denmark (DK) Poland (PL)
Population size (2014) 8.2 million 5.6 million 38.5 million
GDP/capita (2014) US $ 59,536 US $ 46,000 US $ 24,952
Unemployment rate (2014) 4.5% 6.6% 9.0%
Welfare system Liberal Social-democratic Conservative
Organization of sport
system Bottom-up Mixed-complementary Top-down
Dual career typology in
higher education Laissez-faire: no formal
structure
State/NSA as facilitators
State-centered approach
Athlete career program Both during and after
career
Both during and after
career
Only during career
Athletes supported by the
military (2014) 18 Athletes (50% jobs) None, but under
discussion
Over 100 full-time
positions
Rankings Olympic Games medal
table
33 (Beijing 2008)
6 (Vancouver 2010)
32 (London 2012)
7 (Sochi 2014)
24 (Rio 2016)
30 (Beijing 2008)
- (Vancouver 2010)
29 (London 2012)
- (Sochi 2014)
28 (Rio 2016)
20 (Beijing 2008)
15 (Vancouver 2010)
30 (London 2012)
11 (Sochi 2014)
33 (Rio 2016)
Mac
ro-leve
l M
eso
-leve
l Table1: Overview of macro- and meso-aspects of Switzerland, Denmark, and Poland.
7
Empirischer Teil 1
Quantitativ
Onlinebefragung mit ehemaligen
Spitzensportlern aus der Schweiz,
Dänemark, und Polen über
Sportskarriere, Karriereübergang und
die Situation und Konsequenzen danach
8
Ecological framework to study
the transition out of elite sport
Macro-level Welfare system
(Country) Domestic living standards
Cultural dimensions
Meso-level Financial support for elite athletes
(Sports system) Dual career possibilities for elite athletes
Availability/quality of athlete career- and retirement services
Mass media attention for sport disciplines
The transition out of elite sport with relevant demands
Micro-level (Athletes’ close
environment)
Potential transition
resources/barriers
Individual
characteristics
Quality of
the transition
Adaptation to the
post-sport life Career-end
characteristics
Environmental
characteristics
Cultu
ral p
raxis
of a
thle
tes’ c
are
er p
ara
dig
m
Athlete as a whole person; holistic lifespan perspective of athletes’ career
(Kuettel, 2017)
Empirical
Part 1
9
Methode
Cross-sectional research design
Athletic Career Termination Questionnaire (ACTQ) basiert auf dem
Retirement from Sport Survey (Alfermann, Stambulova, & Zemaityte, 2004)
• Teil 1: Spitzensportkarriere
• Teil 2: Übergangsperiode und Anpassungsphase
• Teil 3: Leben nach der Spitzensportkarriere
Die web-basierten Versionen des ACTQ wurden in Deutsch, Dänisch,
und Polnisch an 703 Athleten gesendet welche zwischen 2008-2013
zurückgetreten sind
10
Sample
Switzerland Denmark Poland Total
Athleten 231 86 84 401
Alter beim Karriereende (SD) 30.5 (6.3) 30.4 (5.4) 32.7 (5.8) 30.9 (6.0)
Frauenanteil 31% 34% 37% 33%
Anzahl Disziplinen 34 25 24 39
Top 3 bei OG/ WCS 34% 44% 33% 36%
• Rücklaufquote 62-65% in allen drei Ländern
• Samples repräsentativ für die Athletenpopulation ehemaliger Spitzensportler
• Die Disziplinen wurden eingeteilt nach Popularität (Kommerzialisierung) sowie
Förderkategorie des National Sport Governing Body (e.g., Swiss Olympic)
11
Ziele:
Vergleich des Karriereübergangs von ehemaligen Schweizer,
Dänischen, und Polnischen Athleten hinsichtlich deren
a) Sportkarriere
b) Karriereübergang
c) Leben nach dem Spitzensport
A cross-national comparison of the transition out of elite sport
of Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes
Kuettel, A., Boyle, E., Christensen, M. K., & Schmid, J. Under review in Sport and Exercise Psychology Review.
12
Sportkarriere
13
Results
Table 3. Individual characteristics compared across Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes.
14
Switzerland Denmark Poland
Item (range) M/p SD M/p SD M/p SD F/χ2 Effect
size (r/V)
Higher Education 39%a 62%b 85%c 53.27*** .36
Income from sport 46%a 52% 59%b 3.41* .14
Previous work experience
(hours) 13.35a 14.12 11.88 13.07 8.50b 11.71 4.03* .14
Confidence in skills (11- 55) 38.97a 9.13 33.35b 8.25 40.88a 7.91 18.26*** .29
Athletic identity (1-7) 5.28a 0.84 5.54 0.81 5.81b 0.88 12.94*** .25
Popularity (1-5) 2.47a 1.12 2.26a 1.22 3.02b 1.13 10.55*** .22
Investments vs. benefits (1-5) 3.18a 1.45 4.22b 1.05 2.86a 1.34 25.20*** .34
Note: Means with different subscripts in a row are significantly different from each other. ∗p < .05. ∗∗p < .01. ∗∗∗p < .001.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
9/10 years schooling vocational education gymnasium technical college bachelor master/phd
Ausbildungsniveau am Ende der Sportkarriere
Switzerland Denmark Polen
15
Karriereübergangsphase
16
Table 4. Adaptation period compared across Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes.
17
Switzerland Denmark Poland
Item (1- 5) M SD M SD M SD F Effect
size (r)
Emotional difficulties 2.76a 1.33 3.20b 1.32 3.01 1.34 3.69* .13
Social difficulties 2.43a 1.19 2.92b 1.34 2.79 1.30 5.91** .17
Health/body difficulties 2.00a 1.17 2.41b 1.22 2.38b 1.31 5.19** .16
Vocational/educational
difficulties 1.81a 1.14 2.01 1.09 2.40b 1.20 8.30*** .20
Financial difficulties 1.71a 1.01 1.88 a 0.98 2.75b 1.38 26.91*** .35
Satisfaction with the
transition 4.45a 0.65 4.45a 0.62 3.61b 0.97 45.19*** .43
Duration of adaptation
(in months) 9.23 8.95 10.44 8.33 9.05 9.05 0.70 .06
Note: Means with different subscripts in a row are significantly different from each other. ∗p < .05. ∗∗p < .01. ∗∗∗p < .001.
Ziele:
• Erfassung der Qualität des Karriereübergang in einem breiten Konzept
• Identifikation wie und ob verschiedenste Faktoren zu einem
gelungen Karriereübergang beitragen
• Untersuchen ob Faktoren einen kontext-spezifischen Einfluss haben
Factors contributing to the quality of the transition
out of elite sports in Swiss, Danish, and Polish Athletes
Kuettel, A., Boyle, E., & Schmid, J. (2017). Psychology of Sport and Exercise 29, 27-39.
18
Individual characteristics
Transition
demands
Career-end characteristics
Environmental characteristics
Personal/motivational reasons
Performance reasons
Sport-environmental reasons
Job/educational reasons
Financial reasons
Family reason
Health reasons
Voluntariness to retire
Plans for future
Timing
Career end as loss vs. relief
Gender
Age
Education
Sport success
Total career income
Income from sport
Working experience
Confidence in skills
Athletic identity
Popularity (individual)
Investments vs. benefits
Support private environment
Support sport environment
Support category of discipline
Popularity of discipline
Quality of the transition
Emotional difficulties
Social difficulties
Health/body difficulties low
Financial difficulties
Vocational difficulties
Short duration of the transition
Satisfaction with the transition
Potential
resources
and barriers
Athletic career and retirement context
Figure 4: Working model of factors contributing to the quality of the transition out of elite sports.
(Kuettel, Boyle, & Schmid, 2017)
26 explanatory
factors
Outcome:
Quality of the
transition
(component score)
19
20
Switzerland Denmark Poland adj. R2 =. 26* adj. R2 =.28* adj. R2 = .29* β-spread
Individual
characteristics
Age at career end .18 .05 .01 .17
Gender (1 = female) -.06 -.15 -.11 .09
High education -.02 -.12 -.01 .11
Sport success (top 3) .04 -.15 .03 .18
Income from sport in % .14 -.08 -.19 .33
Total income sport career -.15 -.32 .07 .39
Working hours while active .08 .00 .10 .10
Confidence in own skills .07 -.12 .12 .24
Athletic identity -.09 -.16 -.13 .07
Popularity -.17 .15 .02 .32
Investments vs. benefits .00 -.07 -.07 .07
Career end characteristics
Personal/motivational reasons -.19 -.21 -.12 .09
Performance reasons -.04 -.17 -.18 .14
Sport environment reasons -.06 .17 .03 .24
Job/educational reasons -.02 -.24 .22 .47
Financial reasons -.11 -.07 -.12 .05
Family reasons -.01 .22 .17 .23
Health reasons -.11 -.15 -.04 .09
Plans for future .14 -.04 -.01 .18
Voluntariness to retire .18 .34 .01 .32
Career end as loss vs. relief .25 .21 .50 .29
Timing career end .05 .08 -.08 .13
Environmental
characteristics
Support private environment -.02 .10 -.12 .22
Support sport environment -.04 -.01 -.06 .05
Support category of discipline -.02 -.05 -.09 .10
Popularity of discipline -.02 .53 .30 .56
Table 2. Standardized Betas (β) of Standard Multiple Regression of the 26 explanatory
variables on quality of the transition.
21
Switzerland Denmark Poland adj. R2 =. 26* adj. R2 =.28* adj. R2 = .29* β-spread
Individual
characteristics
Age at career end .18 .05 .01 .17
Gender (1 = female) -.06 -.15 -.11 .09
High education -.02 -.12 -.01 .11
Sport success (top 3) .04 -.15 .03 .18
Income from sport in % .14 -.08 -.19 .33
Total income sport career -.15 -.32 .07 .39
Working hours while active .08 .00 .10 .10
Confidence in own skills .07 -.12 .12 .24
Athletic identity -.09 -.16 -.13 .07
Popularity -.17 .15 .02 .32
Investments vs. benefits .00 -.07 -.07 .07
Career end characteristics
Personal/motivational reasons -.19 -.21 -.12 .09
Performance reasons -.04 -.17 -.18 .14
Sport environment reasons -.06 .17 .03 .24
Job/educational reasons -.02 -.24 .22 .47
Financial reasons -.11 -.07 -.12 .05
Family reasons -.01 .22 .17 .23
Health reasons -.11 -.15 -.04 .09
Plans for future .14 -.04 -.01 .18
Voluntariness to retire .18 .34 .01 .32
Career end as loss vs. relief .25 .21 .50 .29
Timing career end .05 .08 -.08 .13
Environmental
characteristics
Support private environment -.02 .10 -.12 .22
Support sport environment -.04 -.01 -.06 .05
Support category of discipline -.02 -.05 -.09 .10
Popularity of discipline -.02 .53 .30 .56
Table 2. Standardized Betas (β) of Standard Multiple Regression of the 26 explanatory
variables on quality of the transition.
Zusammenfassung der Faktoren
die den Karriereübergang beeinflussen
• Viele verschiede Faktoren tragen zu einem gelungen Übergang bei
• Faktoren welche unterstützend wirken: Freiwillig aufgehört, positive
Wahrnehmung des Karriereendes
• Faktoren welche hinderlich wirken: Starke athletische Identität,
Verletzungen, Motivationsprobleme, Leistungsabfall
Jedoch: Viele Faktoren zeigten eine kontext-spezifische Wirkung
Die Charakteristika des Karriereendes hatten einen starken Einfluss auf
die nachfolgende Adaptationsqualität
22
Leben nach dem Spitzensport
23
Table 5. Job/life situation after the elite sports career compared across countries.
24
Switzerland Denmark Poland
Item (1- 5) M/p SD M/p SD M/p SD F/χ2 Effect
size (r/V)
Job(s) connected to
sport 35% 31% 74% 42.70** .33
Self-employed 21% 21% 32% 4.49 .11
Satisfaction with
current job situation 4.37a 0.89 3.87b 1.36 3.88b 0.96 11.51*** .24
Life satisfaction (1-7) 5.52a 0.87 5.53a 1.04 4.84b 1.06 17.21*** .28
Own personality 4.31 0.79 4.42 0.86 4.13 0.97 2.51 .01
Skills and knowledge
learnt in sports 3.96 1.16 4.09 1.13 4.35 0.89 3.83* .14
Former education 3.96 1.25 4.07 1.21 4.01 1.16 .027 .00
Popularity/status 2.47a 1.41 2.44 a 1.39 3.54b 1.48 18.46*** .30
Connection to clubs
and federations 2.39a 1.50 2.25a 2.32 3.04b 1.59 7.21*** .20
Curr
ent jo
b/life situat
ion
Reas
ons
for
findin
g
curr
ent
job(s
)
Note: Means with different subscripts in a row are significantly different from each other. ∗p < .05. ∗∗p < .01. ∗∗∗p < .001.
Zusammenfassung des Vergleichs des Karriereübergangs
Schweizer, Dänischer, und Polnischer Sportler
Viele Unterschiede zeigten sich in individuellen Charakteristika (Variablen
welche das Leben während der Spitzensportskarriere betreffen)
Die meisten Athleten meisterten den Übergang ohne grössere Schwierigkeiten
Der Übergang war schwieriger für die Polnischen Athleten, sie sind auch weniger
zufrieden mit ihrer Job- und Lebenssituation nach dem Spitzensport
Verschiedene nationale Muster wurden aufgezeigt betreffend Dual Career wie
auch der Arbeitsmarksituation nach der Sportkarriere
25
Kompetenzen/ Fähigkeiten
26
Einschätzung der eigenen Kompetenzen
27
4.44
4.38
4.28
4.20
3.83
3.76
3.71
3.18
2.97
2.25
1.64
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
PERFORM UNDER PRESSURE
SELF-AWARNESS
ADAPTATION SKILLS
PERSISTANCE
PLANNING AND ORGANISING
PROBLEM-SOLVING
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
LEADERSHIP
LANGUAGE SKILLS
ADMINISTRATIVE SKILLS
PRACTICAL SKILL
Confidence in transferable skills
Schweizer Sportler (n = 231)
Wer hat zur Kompetenzentwicklung beigetragen/
Wer hätte mehr dazu beitragen sollen?
28
Schweizer Sportler (n = 231)
1.68
2.31
2.89
2.89
4.22
4.34
29%
49%
26%
17%
9%
43%
CAREER PROGRAMS
SONSORING/MANAGEMENT
AUSBILDUNGSUMFELD
BERUFLICHES UMFELD
PERSÖNLICHES UMFELD
SPORTLICHES UMFELD
Entwicklung von Fertigkeiten/Skills
Entwicklung Erwartung
Faktoren die den Berufseinstieg erleichterten
29
Schweizer Sportler (n = 231)
4.31
3.96
3.96
3.53
3.39
2.72
2.47
2.39
2.10
1.47
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
CHARACTER
FORMER EDUCATION
SKILLS FROM SPORT
PERSONAL ENVIRONMENT
WORKING EXPERIENCE
PROFESSIONAL NETWORK
POPULARITY
FEDERATIONS AND CLUBS
SPONSORS AND MEDIA
CAREER PROGRAMS
Empirischer Teil 2
Qualitativ
Interviews mit Dual Career Experten in
der Schweiz, Dänemark, und Polen
sowie Dokumentanalyse über
Sportsystem und Karriereprogramme
für Spitzensportler
30
Ecological framework to study the transition out of elite sport
Macro-level Welfare system
(Country) Domestic living standards
Cultural dimensions
Meso-level Financial support for elite athletes
(Sports system) Dual career possibilities for elite athletes
Availability/quality of athlete career- and retirement services
Mass media attention for sport disciplines
The transition out of elite sport with relevant demands
Micro-level (Athletes’ close
environment)
Potential transition
resources/barriers
Individual
characteristics
Quality of
the transition
Adaptation to the
post-sport life Career-end
characteristics
Environmental
characteristics
Cultu
ral p
raxis
of a
thle
tes’ c
are
er p
ara
dig
m
Athlete as a whole person; holistic lifespan perspective of athletes’ career
(Kuettel, 2017)
Empirical
Part 2
31
Ziele:
• Überblick der Dual Career Programme welche in der Schweiz,
Dänemark, und Polen verfügbar sind
• Aufzeigung der typischen Karrierelaufbahnen («Dual Career
pathways») von Spitzensportlern in den drei Ländern
• Verbesserung des Verständnis des kulturellen Einflusses auf
Karrierelaufbahnen und Dual Career Programme
A cross-cultural comparison of the dual career environment for
elite athletes in Switzerland, Denmark, and Poland
Kuettel, A., Christensen, M. K., Zysko, J., & Hansen, J. Manuscript under review in Journal of Applied Sports Psychology.
32
Methode
Semi-strukturierte Interviews
Vier Dual Career Experten wurden in allen drei Ländern interviewt
• National Sports Governing Body (Swiss Olympic)
• A Higher Educational Institution (ETH Zürich/ASVZ)
• A well-recognized Sports Federation (Swiss-Ski)
• A Career Counselor from an Athletes Career Program (Adecco)
Dokumentanalyse • Offizielle Dokumente von Swiss Olympic, Sporthilfe, BASPO etc.
• Guidelines für Student-Athletes der Universitäten und Hochschulen
• Spezielle Ausbildungs- und Karriereprogramme für Athleten
• Websites der Verbände
• SPLISS Report der Schweiz und Dänemark, data collection in Poland
33
Vergleich der Dual Career Systeme
Figure 5: The embedded multiple-case study design to compare the dual career environments for elite
athletes in Switzerland, Denmark, and Poland (Kuettel, 2017).
Cross-cultural comparison of dual career environments
for elite athletes
Switzerland Denmark Poland
Accounts of the four
interviewed experts Accounts of the four
interviewed experts
Education
Job Skills
CAPs
Dual career
environment
for elite athletes
Accounts of the four
interviewed experts
Dual career
environment
for elite athletes
Dual career
environment
for elite athletes
.
34
Education
Job Skills
CAPs
Education
Job Skills
CAPs
Table 6: Cross-cultural comparison of dual career environment for athletes.
35
Switzerland Denmark Poland
Lower education
Typology of dual career
(Aquilina & Henry, 2013)
Label and partner schools
“State/NSA as facilitator”
Sports classes (gymnasium)
“State/NSA as facilitator”
Master classes
“State-centered”
Higher education
Typology of dual career
Only individual solutions
No institutionalized service
No financial support for
athletes
“Laissez-faire”
Established service at 3 out of 4
universities
Financial support for students
“State/NSA as facilitator”
Individual study programs
at physical education study
Financial support (stipend)
“State-centered”
Espoused Values
Dual career is responsibility
of each athlete
Athletes need to find
solutions in the given system
Develop athletes in a social
responsible way
It should be possible to study
all kind of subjects
Develop athletes to be
successful in sport
Choice of study is dictated
by the system
Basic assumptions
Dual career can improve or
decrease athletic
performance
Combining sport and
education makes athletes more
successful
Education should not
distract athletes from the
sporting performance
Typology of dual career
trajectory (Pallarés et al., 2011)
“Convergent” “Parallel” “Linear”
Einige Zitate…
“If you REALLY want to be successful, then it is hardly possible to take an education. Swiss
Olympic also supports such a decision. We would be the last ones forcing athletes into an
education. Our attitude is: Try to take an education, but we are aware that in certain
sports it is necessary to give everything you’ve got and go all in on the sport. Athletes can
catch up on education later on.”
“Our attitude is that education is a duty if one would express it a bit exaggerated. If a
player does not want to take an education, he can actually not play in the national team.
For us, it is really important to create the whole person. To create the whole person, one
needs to be educated.”
“This is how it goes through generations. It is the same path [… ] this is the pathway of
an athlete. If you are an elite athlete, it is the easiest way to go to AWF (Physical
Education Academy) and later become a coach or a physical education teacher, or
someone still connected to the sport. ”
36
Karriere- und Ausbildungswege
37
Zusammenfassung Teil 2
• Dual Career Programme und Möglichkeiten unterscheiden sich stark
zwischen den untersuchten Ländern, speziell in der tertiären Ausbildung
• Der kulturelle Vergleich hat aufgezeigt dass verschiedene grundlegende
Annahmen und Einstellungen in den drei Ländern verankert sind wie
(und ob) Ausbildung und Spitzensport kombiniert werden sollte
• Die Dual Career von Spitzensportlern ist stark vom gegeben Ausbildungs-
und Sportsystem sowie den zu Grunde liegenden Annahmen abhängig
38
Empfehlungen für Laufbahnbetreuung von Sportlern
A whole career approach Athleten auf vorhersehbare und unvorhersehbare
Übergange vorbereiten welche im Laufe einer (Sport-)karriere auftreten
A whole person approach Athleten in den verschiedenen Lebensbereichen
unterstützen
An individual approach Athleten und deren persönliche Sichtweise und
Auffassungen einbeziehen und deren Ressourcen und Barrieren ausloten
A transferable skills approach Athleten in deren Ausbildung von Fähigkeiten
und Fertigkeiten unterstützen welche in und ausserhalb des Sports anwendbar
sind
A cultural-specific approach Athleten unterstützen sich im gegeben System,
der Kultur und der Eigenheiten des Landes zurechtzufinden
39
Andreas Küttel
IAP Fachtagung Laufbahnen im Sport ZHAW Zürich, 17. Mai 2017
Übergänge ins Leben nach dem Leistungssport
40
PhD Thesis download: http://findresearcher.sdu.dk:8080/portal/da/person/akuttel
