Volume 93 Number 4

Reviews and abstracts 359

phogenesis of the oral cavity. A distinction in patho- genicity is made between a protracted tongue because of forward pressure from the altered proprioception of inflammed upper airways and true macroglossia. Treat- ment modalities, such as adenotonsillectomy with par- tial resection of the anterior portion of the inferior tur- binates, rapid palatal expansion, breathing exercises, dynamic face-mask therapy, and selective partial glos- sectomy are discussed.

Orthodontic Correction of the Long-Face Syndrome Eugene L. Dellinger Ear Nose Throat J. 1987:66:237-41

The reduction of vertical dimension in the posterior region of the jaws using repelling magnets in either a fixed or removable mode to intrude posterior teeth is advocated.

Rapid Maxillary Expansion in the Treatment of Nasal Obstruction and Respiratory Disease Donald J. Timms

Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Impaired Nasal Respiration Lindsay P. Gray Ear Nose Throat J. 1987;66:248-51

Both authors recommend the use of rapid maxillary expansion devices to create an increase in width in the midline meatus between the middle and inferior tur- binates, thereby causing a reduction in nasal airway resistance (NAR) in treated patients. RME can be used early in children at a time when surgical treatment might be inadvisable. This nonsurgical approach eliminates scarring, contraction, destruction of intranasal mor- phology, and loss of erectile tissue.

Alex Jacobson . . .

Korrektur des Tiefen Bisses mit der Edgewise-Technik M. iilgen and Z. Altug Fortschr. Kieferorthop. 1987;48:147-53

This study was based on 80 profile radiographs of 40 patients with excessive overbite. Twenty patients

were treated (treatment group); the other 20 served as a control (untreated group). The radiographs were taken before and at the completion of this study. To ascertain whether changes in the treatment group were caused by treatment or spontaneous growth, the two groups were compared. Overbite was reduced on average by 3.3 mm. One third of this reduction occurred as a result of spontaneous growth and the remaining two thirds due to treatment. The spontaneous overbite reduction was caused by vertical alveolar growth of the upper molars. Reduction of overbite in the treatment group was mainly through extrusion of the lower molars.

Alex Jacobson

Gesichtsmorphologfe bei Operierten Unilateralen LKG-Spalten-Eine Riintgenkephalometrisch Untersuchung C. Schwarz and A. Hasund Fortschr. Kieferorthop. 1987;48:174-83

The aim of this study was to compare the cranio- facial morphology of children with a unilateral cleft of the lip, alveolar process, and palate with a randomly selected control group. All cleft lip and palate (CLP) children were treated exclusively in the Nordwest- deutsche Kieferklinik, Hamburg. None of them had had either a primary or an early secondary bone graft. The total cleft and control material was subdivided into three groups-4, 8, and 12 years of age. The study was based on lateral cephalometric head plates. It can be seen from this study that CLP children (I) showed no difference compared with the control group with regard to the cranial base, (2) showed similar grade of prog- nathism of the maxilla despite a greater inclination of the maxilla (the overall length of the maxilla corre- sponded closely to the value of the control group), and (3) showed a greater retrognatbism of the mandible compared with the control group. The retrognathism was not caused by an increased mandibular inclination, nor by a greater mandibular angle, but solely through a reduction of the total mandibular length. It is reason- able to relate this to a hypoplasia of the mandibular arch cartilage of the embryo. In conclusion, the present study showed that surgical treatment of clefts has no dysplastic influence on the craniofacial development in the sag&al and vertical planes.

Alex Jacobson