16
mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO P A3 BHTIffi a TeM 60nee rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO- QHanH3Ma KaK 6eccnopHa. AOK8SaR CEOIO GKOHOMK1JecKyXl ii.C01J;KaJIbHYJ) JlHSHeCnoco6HOCTb, HeCMOTpH Ha Bce H KaTaKJIH3MH, orrpe- ,n.eJIeHHbIe OTRJIOHeHHH OT I-I,IJ,ea...'Ia. Ho XM3Hb, BpeMH, CBOH He- K HecypaSHHe. EcnH B3HTb Harne TO CTb ero rryTH Mano Toro - CaMOOTBePKeHHO- CTb, KpaCOTa, 3HTY3H8SM, cnHTHe B opraHK3M, orpOMH&M 3arraCOM XH3H8CTOMKOCTH. Ho Bce aTO nOpO,I!.KJIO K rrOBHilleHHoe TpeOOBaHHR K 8TOMY B TOM, qTO OHO B3HTb BHCOTH H B3EanHTb Ha ce6H JIDOyID HeH36eXHHX orpa- HMtrnT8JIef1 KaK-TO SaT8pRJIC.H: B 6ype CTpac'reti III ECJIM ,I!.o6a- BKTb K 06neKTHBHHM H OillH6KH, rrp06H, K rrpOC- qeThI, TO B KTore XO,I1. peaJIbHOe peaJIbHOH Bo6paBillee B ceOR H rrOpaMeHMH, H npOCqeTH, H 3HTY3Ka3M H y,I!.OBJI8TBO- peHHe AOCTHrHyTHM H Tpe6oBaH¥.RMH OHCTpee y Ha Mapme nopOAKnH yHHHHe, Y ApyrKX - paso- qapOBaHHe, y TpeTbKX - K aJIbTepHaTHB8 (He 06R38TenbHO y qeTBepTHX - B H800XO,I1.HMOCTH HOBHX Mep, rrapTHD, COqHaJIH3M. Mo- saHKa illKpoxafl,-H aTO HopMaHbHO. Ho TaR HJIH no TeM KnH c KOHCOnH- CTpaHe paSBHBaeTCff onaCHHH paSHH8 CnOH HaCeJI8HHR. I1PH1lliHH VI Kpyr

Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    0

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi

rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee nOTeH~anhHaff rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO­

QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro YKna~a 6eccnopHa. Co~anHSM AOK8SaR

CEOIO GKOHOMK1JecKyXl ii.C01J;KaJIbHYJ) JlHSHeCnoco6HOCTb, HeCMOTpH Ha

Bce TRrOT~ HCTOPH~ H 06~eCTEeHHHe KaTaKJIH3MH, nopo~aB~Ae orrpe­

,n.eJIeHHbIe OTRJIOHeHHH OT I-I,IJ,ea...'Ia.

Ho XM3Hb, BpeMH, C06bIT~H nopo~aDT CBOH rrap~OKCbI, nopo~ He­

Boo6pasY~e K HecypaSHHe. EcnH B3HTb Harne 06~eCTBO, TO repOH~O­

CTb ero rryTH o~eBHAHa, Mano Toro - nopa3~TeJIbHa. CaMOOTBePKeHHO­

CTb, KpaCOTa, 3HTY3H8SM, cnHTHe B e~Kh~ nop~, nop0,I1.~lH ~HBOH

opraHK3M, 06JIa,n.~H orpOMH&M 3arraCOM XH3H8CTOMKOCTH.

Ho Bce aTO nOpO,I!.KJIO K rrOBHilleHHoe TpeOOBaHHR K 8TOMY o~~eCTBY,

y6e~eHHe B TOM, qTO OHO MO~8T B3HTb nD6~e BHCOTH H B3EanHTb Ha

ce6H JIDOyID T~eCTb. Y~eT HeH36eXHHX COU;KanbHO-HCTO~HqeCKKX orpa­

HMtrnT8JIef1 KaK-TO SaT8pRJIC.H: B 6ype CTpac'reti III C06hITH~. ECJIM ,I!.o6a­

BKTb K 06neKTHBHHM ~aKTopaM e~e H OillH6KH, rrp06H, Hey~a~ K rrpOC­

qeThI, TO B KTore XO,I1. C06HTK~ C~opMHPOBan peaJIbHOe 06~eCTBO, ~HBY­

~ee peaJIbHOH ~HSHb~, Bo6paBillee B ceOR TIo6e~ H rrOpaMeHMH, y~aqK

H npOCqeTH, c~acTbe H HeBsro~, 3HTY3Ka3M H o~aHHH, y,I!.OBJI8TBO­

peHHe AOCTHrHyTHM H Tpe6oBaH¥.RMH OHCTpee ~BHraTbcfl Bnepe~.

y O~HHX cnO~HocTH Ha Mapme nopOAKnH yHHHHe, Y ApyrKX - paso­

qapOBaHHe, y TpeTbKX - CTpe~leHHe K aJIbTepHaTHB8 (He 06R38TenbHO

qaCTHOCo6cTEeHH~8cKO~), y qeTBepTHX - y68~eHHe B H800XO,I1.HMOCTH

HOBHX Mep, YKpenn~KX rrapTHD, rocy~apcTBeHHOCTb, COqHaJIH3M. Mo­saHKa 60raTaH~ illKpoxafl,-H aTO HopMaHbHO.

Ho TaR HJIH HHa~e, no TeM KnH ~H~ rrpH~naM,HapH~ c KOHCOnH­

~a~He~)B CTpaHe paSBHBaeTCff onaCHHH rrpo~ecc ~~~~~~~£~_~~8~~~!=

~££~~!!2~!~, OXBaThIBa~H}1: paSHH8 CnOH HaCeJI8HHR. I1PH1lliHH VI Kpyr

Page 2: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

2.

rrpeTeH3H~ i~oroo6pa3HH, HO CaM rrpOUecc OT~eTAHB. HyxHH peaAb~~e

Mep~ 06~e~HHeHRH 06~eCTBa Ha HOBO~ OCHOBe. CTapaH B H3BeCTHOM M8­

pe pa3MHT8. HOBaR TOAbKO C03~aeTcH. Arrpe~b TIO~OXHA EHmb Ha~ano

Ha~e~aM, HO ~e C8MO ero HaCTpOeHHe OTpa3~O TpeBory 38 rrpOHCXO­

~~ee. MH3Hb BTRrHBaeT OD~e~TBO B 8nO~j HeH36e~ nepeMeH. BCR­

Roe TopMo~eHHe, rryCTb H HeOC03HaHHoe, ry6HTeAbHO. KpOMe rrpo~ero,

nonHTH~eCKaR cTpyHa H8CTOAbKO HaTHHyT8, qTO ITpR cpHBe Mo~eT y~a­

pHTb OtreHb 60AbHO.

I. gEJIb-=-:iEJIQ~~

Bo Bcex ero B3aKMOCBR3flX H rrpoHEAeHHHM - rrpOH3BO~CTBO, o6~e-

CTBO, rronHTHK8, KYflhTypa, 6HT, HHTepecH, nCHXOAorHH, 3~opoBbe H

T . .n. ~!~_!-~!£_£0LT.!!~~=_~29.§'l!:!!:2~IDl,_~~~~!!!qe£~f!'A

n. KOIIEtIHHn PS3YJIbTAT

YKpenneHMe H pa3BHTHe co~anH3Ma, YKp8llileHHe K pa3BHTHe rrap­

THH H rocy~apcTBa, YCKlleHHe rrpHB~eKaT8nbHocTH HOBoro CTpOR.

ill. CPE,UCTBA.-------­Cero~HH BOrrpOC yrrKpaeTCH He B GKOHOMMKy - 8TO nHillh MaTepHaAb-

HaH ocHOBa rrpo~ecca. rB03~h - B rrOnHTHqeCKO~ CHCTeMe, a BepHee ­

B ee pa60T8, ~B~eHHH, ee Ha~e~eHHOCTH Ha qenOBeKa, ee CBH3H C qe­

nOBeKOM, B CTeITeHH ee c~e6HO~ pOAR. OTc~.na Heo6xo~KMOCTb:

I. COmaeHH1i ITpaKTHKH COD,HaJIH3Ma c ero n.n;ea.nOM, yHHtrTOJKeHH1i

pa3pHBa Me~ cnOBOM H .nenOM. Bee Donee TeCHoro cn~RHHR HHTepe­

COB n~YHOCTH, rpyrrn, 06~ecTBa B ~e~OM.

2. rrOcne~oBaTenhHoro H nonHoro (B COOTBeTCTBHH C KOHKpeTHO­

~CTOpHtreCKHMH B03MO~OCTKMH Ha K~OM aTane) .neMoKpaT~3Ma.

3. Pa3BHTKR ~H~~OCTK RaR caMocToRTenbHo~, TBop~ecKo~, C03Ha­

TenbHo-o6De~~HeHHo~ c ~pyrHMH B CBOHX MHCnRX H ~eHcTBKRX e~H.

Page 3: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

3.

rrpeBp~eW~q K~OrO ~enOBeKa B ~e~CTBHTenbHOrO X03H¥.Ha CTpaHH.

PeanbHOrO BOBne~eHKH BCeX ~ K~OrO B COBepmeHCTBOBaHHe ~H3~~ Ha

uecTax H B rOCYAapCTBe B Qe~OM. aTO - rn8B~ ~rlKT, OT KOTOpOrO

SaBHCHT pemeHHe H rrepBHX ABYX. 3Aecb xe - OCHOBa nHKB~a~HH CO­

QHanbHO~ HeYAOB~eTBOpeHHO~TH, T.K., BO-nepBHX, ~AH 6Y~T C~~

OTMe~aTb rrOnOMHTe~bHHe cABHrH, TeMn KOTOpHX SHaqHTenbHO yCKOpHT­

CH; BO-BTOpHX, OHM, ITpH06peTR BMeC~ C ITpaBaMR H OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb,

CaYH 6Y~T B~eTb, qTO ceroAHH peanbHo, a qTO - HeT; B-TpeTbKX, He

KTO-TO "CBepxy", a ca~d OHM, waccH,6YAYT OTBeT~KaMH sa Bce rrpOHC­

xo~~ee, B TOM qKcne ~ sa Bee HeCOBepmeHHoe H y~eHHoe.

O~HO HS BaxHe~mHX ycnoB~ (M CTOpOH To~e) rrpo~ecca ~e~CTBH­

TenbHoro paSBHTHH Macc KaK ~aKTHqeCKHX H ~opMa~HHX XOSHeB CTpaHH

COCTOHT B rrpeBp~eHHH K~oro qenOBeKa B nH~OCTh, COSH8TenhHO

CTO~ Ha CO~HanHCTw~eCRO~ no~e H Bn~e~D XOTR 6H aS8MH AHa­

neKTHKO-MaTepHanHCTHqeCKO~MeTo~onorHH ~eh~H (paCKOBaHBOGTh . MHCnH!), 6es qero HeBOSMo.MHO paSEHTMe ero TBOpqeCKOrO xapaKTepa.

TaRMY 06paSOM, QeMeHTaI.Uffi 06~eCTBa He CTOJIhKO HapyxHHMH 06­

pyqaMH, BHem~MH no OTHomeHHD K ~enoBeKy CRnaMH, a HSHJTpH, Kor­

Aa K~~ C03HaTenbHO H ~eneycTpeMneHHO CBH3aH co BCeMH ~PyrKWB,

HaxO~HTCH B nOCTOHWrlOM H aKTHBHOM BS8HMO~e~CTBHH C HKWH.

I. IToBHmeHHe AHHaMH3M8 o6~ecTBa nyTeM 60nee nonHoro Hcnonbao­

BaHKH npe~eCTB CTpOH, paSBHTHH ero KOMMyHHCTHqeCKO~ rrpKPO~~.

POCT KOHKypeHTOcnoco6HOCTH (B TOM ~cne MopanbHo-nCKXOnOrHqeCKO~)

B 60pb6e ~BYX CHCTeM, napannenbHOCTh pa3BHTHR rYMap~CTHqeCKHX rrpe­

~eCTB COUHanH3Ma. Ha nepe~HH~ nrraH Bce HBCTBeHHee B~BHraeTCH

rrp06T1eM8 rrono~eHHH H ponH JIHqHOCTH B 06~eCTBe, B3aHMOOTHOmeHHR

Page 4: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

4.

M8~ HHMH. CO~HanH3M H ~eMOKpaTHR B H3BeCTHOM CMHC~e TO~eCTBeH­

HR, KMeHHO apR COUHanH3Me ~eMOKpaTHR B mKpOKOM 3HaqeHHH 3Toro c~o-

Ba - £E~8£!~2_~g~~£-8B~~~~_~HO~EeM~HHQ~ ITo CyTH MH ~eMOKpa­

THqHH, no ~opMe qaCTO - ~qT~eMOKpaTHqHH. ITpKBecTH ~OpMy B COOT­

B8TCTBHe C CO~epXaHHeM, CO~ep~aHHeM cerO~~Hero H 3aBTpamHero

~Hfl.

Co~a~3M - 6o~ee MHorOBapHaHTHHH, anhTepHaTHB~ H, B qaCT­

HOCTH, n03TOWJ rRY60KO ~eMOKpaTHqeCKH~ no CBoe~ rrpKp0Ae CTpoA,.

H60 ~eMOKpaTHR - aTO rrpe~e Bcero cBo6o~a (rryCTb K B KaqeCTBe

OC03HaHHO~ Heo6xo~KMOCTH) BH6opa. Y Hac ze - OTCyTCTBH8 a~bTep­

HaTHBH, ~eHTpa~H3aUHE. ~_~~~_~~_~~~~~_8~~~~!~~_ge2!~~~E~~

~_~2!~_~~~~~~!££~_~~~_~_£8~£~_~_£!~E£~·

OTCyTcTBHe BH60pa BO Bcex c~epax H ~a Bcex cTyneHRX (a3HaTC­

Roe rrpOmft-oe, HCTOpKH CTpaHH Boo6~e, KanHTanHCTHQeCKOe OKpyxeHHe

H T.~.). Ce~qac MH B ~e~OM He nOHKMpeW CYTH ~e H~ero H HCTOpH­

qeCKH HeH36e~Horo nepexo~a OT BpeMeHH, Kor~a He 6ano BH60pa KnH

OH 6~ HCTOpKqeCKH HeB03YOXeH, KO BpeweHH, Kor~a 6e3 ~eMOKpaTHqe­

CRoro BH6opa, B KOTOpOM yqaCTBOBa~ 6H K~~ qe~OBeK, ycnemHO

pa3BHBaThCH He~h3H. A Me~ TeM, OTCyTCTBH€ £~~~~£!~~~2~_~~~­

!~~~!~~~ no6~aeT HCKaTh ee H3BHe, H KaKaR-TO qaCTh ~D~e~ Ha­

XO~HT ee B Tex ~H HHHX CTOpoHax 6YPMYa3HO~ CHCTe~.

~O~H8 6HTh £~2~~g~_~~~QE~L~2-!£~-!~~hH2_!-~~g~~Q_~~

~~~~_£~g~~~~~.

2. ~2~~~~~~2£!~ pe~OpMHpOBaHHH ~£~!-£!~Eq~!~~ - OT 3RO­

HOMHKH ~o "~oPManhHHX", BHemHKX ITpH3H8KOB ~eMoKpaTH3Ma.

3. Q8~£~EeM~~~Q£~ H~H ~aMe onepe~a~He TeMITH B ~~qeB~

c¢epax (rrpe~e Bcero - B napTHH).

Page 5: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

5.

4. ~~~!~£~££~, OrpaHW:leHHaR: JIWIIb peanbffiDdH (ecID! OH~ 6y­

~T) onaCHOCTHMH no~pHBa yCToeB COUHaJIHSMa H yveHbmeHHR MO~H nap­

THH H rocy~apcTBa KaK BHemHenO~HTH~eCKoro ~KTopa (rJIaBHttM o6pa­

sow). BHYTpH cTpaHH.- coxpaHeHHe ~OCTaTOqHO~ CHJI& (B YBHSKe C

BHemHerrOE~TH~eCKKMH s~aq~), C yqeTOM rrpouecca nOCTeneHHoro ­

rryCTb H B ~aJIeKOH nepcneKTHBe - oTMHPaHKH pH~a rocy~apcTBeHHHX

~KUHH. r~e BOSMO~~O H ~HO - 3KcnepHMeHT JIOKaJIbHOrO (B npocT­

paHcTBe H BpeMeHH) SHaqeHHH.

5. CaM rrpouecc ~o~eH BeCTHCb He TOJIbKO CBepxy, HO H CHHSy,

pyKaMH Macc, ITpKqeM napTHH HarrpaEJIReT H ooyqaeT KX ~eMOKpaTaqe­

CKKM H BMeCTe C TeM - COSHaTeJIbHO-CO~HaJIHCTHqeCKKM ~PMaM 6~THR

H MbIIIIJIeHH;L tt,UeMOKPaTHH ~OJD!:Ha BO~TH B ITpHBwmy" (JIeHHH). 6

6. ITpKBJIeqeHHe K paspa60TKe H rrpoEe~eHKD rrpo~ecca ~eMoKpaTH­

saUHH H KOHTPO~H sa ero rrpoMexyTOqHHMH pesyJIbTaTaMH CHJI HayKH.

Y. l1YTI1

"I{ro[,na.R: CTyneHb, qTO HaM y~aeTcH Bnepe~, BBepx B ,Ii,eJIe pa3BH­

THH rrpOH3BO,Ii,HTeJIbHHX CRn H KyJIbTYP~, .no~a corrpoB0x.naTbCR ,Ii,o~e­

JIHBaHHeM ~ nepe,n,eJIHBarrneM Hallett COBeTcKotl CHCTew" (JIeHHH).

I. ~£~~~_~~~~~: H3MeHeHHe MeTO~OB PYKOBo~cTBa o6~ecTBoM

co CTOpOHH napTHH, qTO ~O~HO 03HaQaTb yCKneHHe ee MO~H no c~e­

cTBy.

~~~~~~~£~~~~~~~~~_~~!8l_~~E!~aHO~_~-£~~~££!~~~~~~_~~~=

£!£~, Me~ napTH~HHMH H X03RtlcTBeHHHWH OpraHaMH B nO~b3Y rocy­

~apcTBa no ~pMe H c~ecTBY, B nOJIb3Y napTHH - no c~ecTBY.

YCKJIeHHe pOJIH rocy~apcTBa B CBH3H C Heo6xo~HMOCTbID ~aJIbHetl­

rne~ X03H~CTBeHHO-3KOHOYKqeCKO~ ueHT~aJIH3aQHH (no cTpaTSrHqeCKHM

HaITpaBJISHHKM) H o~HoBpeMeHHo - .ne~eHTpaJIH3aUKa, a Ta~e no~eMa

Page 6: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

6.

TBOpqeCKO~ aKT~BHOCTH Macc. rrOc~e~H~e ~O~ H MOryT BnHfiTb Ha

06~eHapO~HHe rrpo~eccH rrpe~e Bcero qepes CBO~ Henocpe~cTBeHHHH

H onOCpe~OBaHH~ KOHTponb ~eRTe~bHOCT~ rocy~apcTBa, qepes KX B03­

~e~cTBHe KMeHHO Ha rocy~apcTBOf Ha era opraHU B ueHTpe H oc06eHHO

- Ha MeCTax. COBeT MHHHCTpqB - ~8~eKO, OTCD~a - pORb p8~OHa, 06­

~aCTH H ~yrKX 3BeHbeB. Hapo~Hoe TBOpqeCTBO B yCTpaHeHHH He~oc­

TaTKOB, B pa3B~THH cO~HanHcTH~ecKo~ H KOMMyHHCTHqeCKO~ rrpHPO~

06~ecTBa IlpH 3THX YC~OBIDDC RBHO B03pacTeT.

OTcID~a 6o~ee qeTKOe pacrrpe~eReHHe 06fl3aHHocTe~, rrpaB H OTBeT­

CTBeHHOCTH Me~ rrapT«e~ H rocy~apcTBoM. TIapTHH HylL~O EKmb Han­

E~e:'.!~!.~ OCHOBHHe Te~eHQHH paSBI1TRff )of ~~!E~!!E£!!aT~. npe~e Bce­

ro, H36aBHTb ee OT qHCTO XOsR~cTBeHHHX, opraHHsaqKOHHO-cHa6~eHqe­

CKHX ~KUH~ (orpy6~RR ~e~: Ha KaROM-TO 3Tane ~HKBH~KpoBaTb OT­

pac~eBHe, x03ERcTBeHHHe OT~e~g napTH~HHX opraHoB co BCeMH BHTeK8­

~KMH nocne~CTBHRMH). OCTaBHTb sa rrapTHe~ ~HWb rroRHTHKY, orrpe~e­

~eHHe OCHOBHHX rrp~noB 3ROHOMHqeCRO~ H COQHaft-bHOA nORHTHKH.

aTO - rRaBH~ rryTb ~2~!EOR~. ITo MHCnH ]eHHHa, rrapTH~Hoe PYKOBO~­

CTBO rocy~apcTBeHHHMH OpraHaMK ~OnxHO HOCHTb ~~~!~~~~~~E~~:

!~. PyKoBo~~afl PORb napTw~ - He B no~eHe rocy~apcTBeHHoro H

X03R~CTBeHHoro annapaTOB, a B cosH~aTenbHOM KOHTpORe.

PYKOBO~HTb ~~~bUH, 06~eCTBOM - qepes nD~e~, qepes CBOHX

"CT8BJIeHIDIKOB". ~~-=~~-!!~~2~_~_gy~~~r!aE!~~. I10JIHTMQeCKaH OneH­

Ka KX ~effTeRbHOCTH H, cne~OBaTeRbHO, ~HqHOCTHaR oueRRa - sa "nap­

TH~HHMH opraHH3a~HRMH.

MMeTb B ~ RKrnb OT~eJIH:

I. 3KOHOMHqeCKO~ rrOJIHTHKH

2. cOQHanbHoA nOR~THKH UHH H MHeHHH)

(BKn~qaR BRRBneHHe 06~ecTBeHHHX cHTya­

3. ~eOnOrHqeCKH~

Page 7: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

7.

4. opraHH3aqHOHHO-Ka~poB~

5. Me~apo~~

6. 06~~.

2. ~T£~~E~a~~~~~~2!E~!~~ ~O~Ha pa3B~BaTbcfl onepe~a~H­

MH TeMnaMH no OTHorneHHD K ~pyrHM c~paM 06~ecTEeHHo~ IH3HH. OTKP~­

T~~ upHeM B napTKD. rrepHO~HqeCKHe OT~eTH KOMMyHHCTOB Ha OTKP~T~

co6paHHEX 0 CBoe~ pa60Te, qTO-TO Bpo~e "nepeaTTeCT~HH".

CHCTeMa o~eHKH H B~B~eH~H Ka~pOB, Haq~Hafl C B~6opOB pyKO­

BO~HTe~e~ HH30BHX napTH~~ opraHH3a~H~. He HaBfl3HBaTb PYKOBO~H­

Te~e~ cBepxy. Ha c06CTBeHHOM CTIHTe HaY~Tb ~~~ea o~eHHBaTb H B~­

BHraTb PYKoBo~Te~e~. O~HO aTa pa30BbeT 3~opOBoe, KpHTHqeCKOe Ha­

qano, ~ rrO~RMHHO~ napTM~HOCTH, np~HUHrrHanbHOCTH H OTBeTOTBeHHO­

CTR. 06eCneqeHHe BHyTpH napTHH peanbHO~ B03MOMHOCTH BHpaMaTb CBOH

B3rEfl~H. ~~8~~~~£~~!£~~~2~~~~_~~~aL-8~£~££H~_ge~~~~cTB~

~e~CTBH~ B HCUOXHeHHH ITpHHflTHX pemeHH~.

BBeCTH CHCTeMy rrpe~BapHTeRhH9ro 06CyE~eWAR KaH~~aTOB Ha py­

KOBO~~He ~O~OCTH H~nocpe~CTBeHHO B rrepBHqHHX opraHH3a~HflX HEH

Ha co6paHHRX HX rrpe~CTaBHTene~ (Ha Bce B~6opHHe ~O~HOCTH B pa~­

KOMax, ropKOM8X, 06KOMaX). CMeHReMOCTh Ka~pOB. B03paCTHOa E~T

~nR PYKOBO~HTeEe~ (o6eCrreQeHHe pa60TO~ THrra COBeTHHKa). OTO OT­

HOCHTCfl He TORhRO K rrapTH~HO~, HO H K COBeTCKO~, X03H~CTBeHHO~

cwepaM ~K3HH.

nO~Hafl rn8CHOCTh ~OXO~OB. MHorHe B~CKa3~BaDTCfl 3a rrapT~ (H

roc-) M8KCHMYM H MHHHMJM. rrpH6n~eHHe rrapTH~Horo H ~pyrHX arrna­

paTOB K Macce·rro o6pa3y XH3HH. E~HHafl CHCTeua pacrrpe~eneH~fl, a

He OT~eEbF~fl ~nfl K~O~ rpyITITH pa60THMKOB. E~Hafl CMCTeMa onnaTH

Tpy~a. nHKB~aQHfl KaCTOBOCTH: rOCY~8pCTBeHHafl 6~pOKpaTHfl, rrapT~­

H~ arrrrapaT, ~oeHHHe, HHTenneKTyaTlH, TeXHOKpaT~fl, rrHcaTenH, xy­

Page 8: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

-----------------

8.

~eHCTBO B napTHH He ~o~o 6HTb Cpe~CTBOM KapbepH. Ce~qac

~nR MHOrKX ~~2~£~~~£~Ka_~2~~!_gQ~~£!~~~~ __~_Q~E~_~~~!

~~!?~~2.:Q~~!!Q~~aq~~.

Mo~eT 6HTb Ha KaROM-TO STarre nOHa~o6HTCH ~CTRa napTHH C

TeM, tITo6s K36aBHTbCH OT KpMrrpOMeTHpy~KX ee aneMeHTOB. Bo BCR­

KOM cnyqae, YJl.e ce~qac Heo6xo,nHMbI nOHCKH q>OpM B03,n,e~CTBKR Ha qJIe­

HOB rrapTKH B CMHcne MaKCKManbHO~ HX aKTKBH3a~H.

3. ~~M~!~!:!K~_~~n:Hn Me2!,ITY pa3JIHmrnMH qaCTiL\;}i CHCTeMH yn­

paBJI8HHH 3aCTaBHT O~h~ qaCTb rrO~TaJIKHBaTb ~pyryD. B qaCTHOCTK,

H806xo~HMO ~~~~~~~~~_£Q2!~om~~~_~~!8Y_~~~2~~~!~~~~~_~_~£~2~:

HHTeJIbHO~ BJIaCTbD, BepXOBHHM COBeToM K COBeToM MID1HCTPOB,. Me7!l1Y

COOTBeTCTBY~KMH HM30BHMH 3BeHbRMH. Ce~qac nepBaH 3~aBJIeHa BTO­

po~. 3aRoHO~aTeJIbHHe opraHH JIKillb o6c~aDT, a npaKTHtIeCKH ~ema­

DT HCrrOJIHKTeJIbHHe (KMeHHO pema~T, a He rrpOCTO BHTIOJIHRDT).

Mo~eT 6HTb, rrOCTORHHO .ne~CTBY~H~ rrapJIaMeHTCKH~ arrrrapaT (He

06RSaTeJIbHO 6ecrrpep~Hoe o6~ee 3a~e~aHKe) yxe HeCKOJIbKO K3MeHKT

BsaHMOOTHomeHKH BnaCTe~. 06R3aTeJIbHOCTb pemeHHR 3aKOH0,naTeJIbHHX

opraHOB. BOTyMH ~OBepKH. HYERO pe3Hoe yCHJIeHHe OTBeTCTBeHHOCTK

HCrrOJIHKTeJIbHO~ BJIaCTH rrepe~ 3aKOHO~aTeJIbHO~.

H3MeHHTb rrpaKTKHy 06c~eHK~, KOTopaH ce~tIac HOCHT xapaKTep

OTtIeTOB. OHM HyXHH, HO ~OJIXHH KMeTb ~2£~e~ xapaKTep. ITo HOBHM

rrpo6JIeMaM, B03HHKa~Y rrepe,n~paHO~, 06pa3YDTCH napnaMeHTCKKe KO­

MHCCHK H T.,n. ~~2!~~~~~~~~!, KOTOpHH 3aHKMaeTCfi nOBce~HeB­

HO~ MH3HbID CTpaHH. a He rrpOCTO rrapa~HO paCCMaTpHBaeT ~Ba-TpH Bon­

poca: UJIaH, 6D~eT, Me~apO~Hoe nOJIO~eHHe.

Onpe~eJIHTb ~~ ~erryTaToB BepXOBHoro COBeTa CCCP K ~pyrKX

~erryTaToB, oco6eHHO - Ha MecTax. B qaCTHOCTH, MOMeT 6HTb, ITpaBO

2~~:Q~!~~~£££ BMemaTeJIhCTBa C YCT8HOBJIeHHeM £E2~~~ pea~KK COOT­

BeTCTB~HX OpraHOB BJIBCTH.

Page 9: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

9.

&~60pH ~O~HH 6HTb He ~36paHHeM, a B~6opOM, rrpH~eM BH6opOM

Ryqmero. MOL~O orpaHH~ATb qHCRO BHABHraeMHX KaH~»AaTOB (HO He Me­

Hee ~BYX). KOHTPO~b napTHH 3a B~BKXeHHeM, HO He CTporaR perynH­

UHR, 0 KOTOPO~ Bce rOBopRT ~aBHO BCnyx: "paSBepCTKa" (CTORbKO-TO

~e~HH, CTORbKO-TO 6eCTIapT~HHHX, CTORbKO-TO H3 c~epH ~H3H~eCKoro

Tpy~a H T.,n;.).

~erryTaT ~o~eH 3aB~ceTb OT H36HpaTene~, ~e~CTBHTeRbHO B~a­

~aTb HX MHeHHR CBOl1MH YCT8MH, a He CBoe MHeHHe OT HX HM'eHH. "MIl

Mo~eM ynpaBRRTb TORbKO Tor,n;a, Kor~a npaBv~bHo B~aMeM TO, qTO Ha­

po.n C03HaeT" (JIeHH:o-l).

rrO~OTqeTHOCTb H CMeHReMOCTb ,n;enyTaTOB. PeaRbHHY. OT3H~ ~erry­

TaTOB - C rry6JIHKaUl1:etl, 06'bRCHeHH)Thfii. ("BoRee 110JIrn:m: ,neM0K1?8TH3M,

B CHJIy MeHbme~ ~OpMaJIbHOCTH, 60Rbillen RerKOCTH BH60pa 11: OT3HBa"

( JIeHHH).)

TI~£~~~£!~~~: KORoccanbHoe B03paCT8HHe peaJIbHO~ OTBeT~TBeH­

HOCTR nepe~ MaccaWA, nO~~HeHHOCTH, no,n;KOHTpORbHOCTH HM, 8 rRaB­

Hoe - ~e~CTBHTeJIbHOe rrpHBJIeqeHHe Macc K ynpaB~eHHn ~eRaMH pa~OHa,

06R8CTH, pecny6RHKH, CTpaHH Qepe3 HX TIpHMoe H opran~30BaHHOe KOR­

ReHTHBHoe B03.neMCTBHe Ha .nenyT8Ta. Oco6eHHO a~KTHBHO aTO CK8­

~eTCR rrpe~e Bcero Ha ~~~E~~~~!_~~~!~_Q~~~!~~_~_g£g~~~~_~~=

r8HH BJI8CTH.

4. ~~~£!~"Q~t!!:!!!~L£-!!~CH~£!~: "rocy,n;apcTBo CH.1IbH01'OJIbKO Tor­

.n;8, Kop,II,a MaCChI Bce 3HanT, 060 BceM MOryT Cy,nHTb 11: H,r(y'r HaBce

c03H8TeRbHo" (JIeHKH). rJI8CHOCTb, HCqepTIHBa~8R H onepaTHBHaR HH­

~opMaUHR - He,rrpeMeHHoe yCJIOBH8 .naRbHe~e~ .neMoKpaT~3anHH o6~ecT­

BeHHO~ ~H3HH. JIHrnb HH~OpMHpOBaHHH~ qe~OBeK cnOC06eH HHM~~aT~BHO

H TIJIO,II,OTBOpHO yqacTBoBaTb B ~enax 06~ecTBa. B3HBaTb K rpaY~aHcKo~

8KTHBHOCTK n~~e~, KOTop~e He pacnonara~T mHPOKO~ HH~opMaUHe~ H He

Page 10: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

10.

HaxO~HTCR B 6narOrrpKfiTHOW ~RH TaKO~ TBOpqeCKOM aKTHBHOCTH COnH­

anbHOM ~lHMaTe, 6eCCMHCneh~0.

B 3TO~ ~e CBR3H O~HO 3aMe~aHHe no ~~~~~~~~~£~~~_£~£~!~.

ITPWQHHH, ce2~~~~~-£~~~~~~_~~~£!~~~~~~!~_~2g~~£~_~~£~!~~~,

~~28~!_~_~~~~~~-£~2~_~~~~~~~~~~~~~_2~~~!~·

~o CHX nop rnaBHoe, HCXO~Hoe rrono~eHHe H~eOnOraqeCKOH ~eH-

TenbHOCTH OCTaeTCR omH6o~. Pema~HM ycnoBHeM ~opMKpOBaHHH CO­

~anHCTHqeCKOrO C03HaHHff MH rrpo~onxaeM CqHTaTb rrponaraHAY, TO

eCTb rrpO~KTH Hamero C03HaP~H - KHHry, neKQHD, rrbecy, ~HnbM, ~OK­

Ea~, saHHTHe, rronHTceTb H T.~. B03MO~HO, 31'0 6HnO qpe3B~a~HO B~­

HblM B TO BpeMff, Kor,na napTHR He 6bIJIa npaB~et!. Ho He C03HaHHe rrpo­

nara~HCTa, nHcaTenff H T.IT. ~opMKpyeT C03HaHHe Hapo~a, ROD~a

BnaCTb rrpHHa~ne~~T eMY. ~~_~~E~~£~~!£~_~2~~~!~~~~_~~!~~~_~

~~g~~£~_g2~~!~~~£~~_~~£!~~~L_g~~~!~~~~~~£_8~~~~~~_£~~~~_~~£:

CH. Ha 3TOT C'tIeT t1MeeTCH MHoro KOHKpeTHIDC BbICKashIBaHH~ B;}LJIeHH-

Ha, rrO~qepKHBa~ero, liTO "He KaKH;9-HH6Y,IJ;b saHRTHff HJIH KHHrK H

T.rr.", He peqH H MHTHHrH, a "rrOJIHTMtreCIrne ~e~CTBHH", "yqaCTHe B

TIOBce.n;HeBHoM !tHsHeHHO~ 60pb6e", "£~~£!~~~~-g~-?!!!!~~~£~~!!_2E!J!£~.:...:.

~~~£~ - BOT qTO fiBnReTCR, onp8,n;en~KM, pema~HM, rnaBHHM ycno-

BHeM KOMMyHHCTHqeCKOrO ~2£~!~~~~_~~~~~L_~~E~~£~~~~_~~~_££~~=

~~£!~~ec~Q£~_£~~~~~!~. A 31'0 c~epa He ~eOJIOrHH, a ~eMOKpaTHH ­

COBeTcRot:l, C01~HaJIilICTHqeCKo'A: ,neM0Kparl-B.f.

5. ~~~~~~~~-~~~~~~~~~££!~_£~~~~£~_~~~~!~_~!_~£~~_8E~£~_~~

~!~£~. ~opMKpyeTcff onaCHoe MH8HK6, QTO rrpaBocy,n~H y Hac H8T. A Me~y TeM 31'0, O,IJ;Ha H3 HaH60Eee rrpOCMaTp~Bae~clX ~OPM BJIaCTH.

~~~~~~£~~~£!~_£yg~~L peanbHHe rapaHT~ H8SaEHCrnMOCTH - B

rrpHHuHnax CY~OYCTpO~CTBa, rropR~Ke OT3HEa H T.,n.

Page 11: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

II.

§~~£~~~2~!~_~~~~' OT3~B ft-Killb ITpH orrpe~eneHMdX YCROB~fiX. Y

Hac Me - H8 nRTb neT. qeM 6R~e CpOK BH6opOB, TeM MeHhlle rrpaH~H­

nHanbHOCTH. Hecnyqa~Ho rrpOHCXO~HT 6ecrrpepHBHoe nepeMe~eHHe cy~en.

YBenH~Tb CpOK XOTH.6H ~o ~eCRTH neT, cTa6KJ1H3KpOBaTh nono~eHHe

CY~bH. Cy~e6HaH ~eHTenhHOCTb ~onzHa 6HTb ITpO~CCHe~ • . Ce~~ac ~eft.a~ BMemHBaTbCH B OTrrpaBneHHe rrpaBOCY~HH XOTb

oT6aBnfl~. Ha~o paCCMaTpHBaTb TaKoe BMemaTeRbCTBO B pa3pemeHH8

KOHKpeTHHX ~en RaK npecTynneHne, KapaeMoe ITO 3aROHY.

YronoB~ Ko~eRC - TBep~OCTh, cTa6RnbHOCTb. HeOTBpaTHMOCTb

H ~eCTKOCTh HaKa3aHHH ~nR a~THo6~eCTBeHHHX sneMeHTOB, oco6eHHO

~nH BOpOB, 6ecno~a~HOCTb - ~ft.H y6H~~.

BMecTe C TeM - peanbHHe rapaHTHH oc~eCTBneHHR npaB ~H~OCTH.

nO~eH 6HTb saROH 0 rrpaB8X qeROBeKa H KX rapaHTHRX, saKOH 0 He­

npHKoCHOBeHHOCTH RH~OCTH, ~eCTBa H ~Hft.~a, 0 TanHe nepenHCKH,

Teft.e~OHHHX pasrOBopOB, nH~O~ MHSHH.

OpraHH3a~HOHHHe ~op~ oc~eCTBReHKH rrpaBa Ha ~eMOHCTpa~HH,

CBo6o~ CROBa, COBeCTH, rre~aTH, c06paHH~, ITpaBa Ha cB06o~Hoe rre­

peMe~eHHe.

MH XOTKM, QT06H Y K~oro 6~H BeRHKHe rp~aHcKRe 06R3aHHo­

CTR, HO 8TO BOSMO~O nHmb B TOM cnyqae, eCRM 6Y~T BeRRKHe rp~­

~aHCKHe rrpaBa.

6. ~~2~~~~~~_~~~~~~~_~~~~!~_~~~_~~~~~!~ITO RID60My BOrrpO­

cy, BITnOTh ~o 06~aft.0~aHHR ~e~cTEH~ rocy~apcTBeHHHX opraHoB.· PPax­~aHHH ~o~eH KMeTh ITpaBo rrpe~RBHTb HCR ~on~ocTHoMy RKQY H opra­

HK3au~~. HyxHo HMeTb a~M~H~cTpaT~BHHeccY~H - ~RR pemeHHR KOH~~K­

TOB B~~aM~HHc~paT~BHHX ~enax. 3aKoH K ITO~aKoHHHet HopMaT~BHHe aKTH. 3aKoH ~o~eH HMeTb HM­

rrepaTHBHHH xapaKTep. A y Hac 3aROHH - ITnaHH, 6~~eTH, KOTOpYe

Page 12: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

12.

~aneKO He BO BceM HcnO~~~TCR. Mo~eT 6HTb, aTO He ~O~O 6HTb 3a­

KOROM? llpOHYPaTypa, rrpH3BaHHaR B rrpwrl~ne c~e~Tb sa HcnO~HeHneM

saRoHa, ~e3~e~cTByeT no c~ecTBY. ~~e MHHnCTpW, He rOEopR yxe 0

COBeTe MHHHCTpOB, HapymaDT 60flbillnHCTBO SaROHOB CBOHWA rrpeATIHC8HH­

ffMH H YK8SaHHKMH.

qe~oBeK ~O~eH HMeTb YBepeHHOCTb B nOEnbHOM K OrrepaTHBHOM

paCCMOTpeHHK ero ~, ~a~o6 KOMneTeHTHHMH ~D~bMH H opraHR3a~R­

~. Ce~~ac sa ~~~~~£~~~_~!~~~ HHKor~a HKRoro He HaKaSHBa~T. A

BOT sa ~~~Q~~~~_E~~Eem~~~ HaKas~a~T. l103TOMY npHEH~acb CHCTeMa:

CHa~ana oTKas8Tb, rrOTOM 06~aflOBaTb, nOToM, Mo~eT 6HTb, - rrOflO~K­

TenbHO pemHTb. Bo~oRMTa: BpeMH, HepBH ~D~e~ YXO~RT EITyCTyD. B03­

HMKaeT aTMoc~pa He~oBO~bcTBa. ECflH 6H npOBecTH cOUHo~orH~~cKHe

Hcc~e~OBaHHH KOnH~eCTBa OTK8S0B, a TIOTOM rro~y~eHHHX pa3pemeh~~.

OTBeTCTB8HHOCTb ~ox~a 6HTb rrpaBH~bHO pacnpe~e~eHa, H 8~~=

~~£!~~_~~g~_82~~_~~£!~Q!~~!~!~~~~2£~_~~_l~~_~!_£!~~!£!~~~=

~2£!~. Kopo~e: ~H~OCTb o~HsaHa Y~aMaTb rocy~apcTBo, HO rocy~ap­

CTBO He MeHbme 06H3aHO.YB~aTb ~HqHOCTb. HHa~e; Me~ HHMH Bcer~a

6y~eT 6apbep, a TO H paspHB. H~o ROHCTHT~OHHO 3a~HRcHpoBaTb

2~~~~~~2£!~_£2£~~E£!~~_~2_£!~2~~~~~_~_£E~~~~'

CooTHomeHHe BnaCTH BHyTP~ cy~e6Ho~ CHCTeMH. CY~H Bcex paRr-OB

3aHHMaDTCH TonbRO npaBOCY~HeM, a OCTa~b~e ~HK~H - B MHHHCTepCT­

Be DCTH~H. TaR 6~o ITpH ]eHMHe. BepXOBHH~ Cy~ KnH rOCY~8pcTBeH­

H~ COBeT, KOTOP~ pema~ 6m BOrrpOC 0 KOHCTHTYUHOHHOCTH Tex H~H

HHRX aKToB, 0 COOTBeTCTBHH HX rrpHpo~e COQHa~H3Ma. rrO~HaH HesaBH­

CHMOCTb BepXOBHoro Cy~a OT BCHKoro ~aB~eHMR. •

7. "MH He Mo~eM B TO~HOCTH ~~e rrpe~CTaBHTb ce6e B HacToR~ee

BpeMR, .•. Ka~~e C~H TaRTCR H MorYT pa3BepHYTbcH rrpH cOQHanHCTH­

qeCKOM YCTpo~cTBe o6~ecTBa. Harne ~eno COCTQHT TO~bKO B TOM,

Page 13: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

13.

qTo6~ paCqHCTHTb ~opory BCeM 3THM CH~aM" (]e~H). BaMHSnmaR PO~b

B paCqHCTRe ~OpOrH nOTeH~RM COQHa~3Ma npHH~~e~T aKOHOMHqeCKO~

nO~HTHKe. He~OO~eHKa ee B03MO~HOCTe~ H 3HaqHMOCTH npo~nHT 3aCTO~.

Ha 3TOM nyTH!:-!!:t:~~~_~~M0!Q~!!!~~~~_~~~~~TB~~9.~_~§'~~.=.

3HaqHTe~bHOe yCKopeHHe 8KOHOMHQeCKOrO pa3BHTHR ~3HeHHO Heo6xo­

~HMO. Ho c~e~aTb 3TO TO~bKO HaY~O-TeXHH~eCKKMH H 3ROHOMHQeCKKMH

cpe~CTBaMH HeB03MO~0. Hy,MHO BKn~~Tb c~~a H paCKpHTb nO~HOCTb~

~aKTOp~ MOp~bHo-ncHXo~orH~ecKHe. A ~~H aToro ~Ha mHpOKaR ~e­

YOKpaT~~ B 3KOHOMHKe, COQeTaeVaR C ~eHTpa~H30BaHH&M rocy~apcTBeH­

HHM ynpaB~eHHeM eD.

"BcRKaR ~eMoKpaTHH, RaR Boo6~e BCHR8.ff TIOJI;.tTlfqeCKaR Ha~CTpo:a­

Ra (HeH36e~HaR, nORa He 3aaepmeHO YH~qTO~eHHe KnaCCOB, nORa He

C03~aHO 6eCKnaCCOBOe 06~eCTBO), C~HT, B KOHe.~OM CqeTe, rrpOH3­

BO~CTBY H orrpe~eJIneTCR, B ROHeqHOM CqeTe, ITpOH3Bo~CTBeHHHMM OT­

HOmeHHRMH ~aHHoro 06~eCTBa" (JIeHHH):

B3aHMHoe E03~e~CTBlie ~eMORpa~liH if SKOHOMHRH. "OT~e~bHO B3R­

T~ HHRaKo~ ~eMOKpaTH3M He ~aeT co~a~H3Ma, HO B XK3HM ~eMOKpa­

TH3M He 6y~eT "B3RT OT~e~bHO", a 6YlJ,eT "B3HT EMeCTe", OKa3HBaTb

CEoe BnHRHHe H Ha 3KOHOMHRY, nO~Ta~KHBaTb ee npeo6pa30BaHH8, no~­

BepraTbCR B~HRHM~ 3ROHOMHQeCKOrO pa3BHTHR H T.~. TaRoBa ~Ha~eK­

THRa JKHBOt\ HCTOpHH" (JIemm).

~~~~~~£~~~~£!~~_~~£~_~_~~~~~9.~~~~L_ygE~~~~~~L_E~~~~§'~~~.

C03~aHHe e~HHCTBeHHO~ n03HTHBHO~ H caMopa3BHBa~e~CR OCHOB~ - no~­

~HHHoro, opraHH~eCKoro, rroc~elJ,OBaTe~bHoro e~HHCTBa HHTepeCOB qe­

~OBeRa, Ro~neKTHBa H 06~eCTBa. Bce nOTeH~H ~eMOKpaTH3aqHH B XO­

3R~CTBe 3a~OJKeHH B rrpHpo~e co~a~H3Ma.

MOJKeT 6blTb, nO~YMaTb 06 op['aHH3a~.RX THTIa "pa60llliX COB8TOB"? ~P-'

BH~HMO, 3Ta H~eR ITpH rrpaBH~bHOM 88 TO~RoBaHHH He TclK'I"cTpamHa".

Page 14: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

14.

rrpO~3BO~CTBeHHag ~eMOKpaTHR He B TPO~~CTCKOM rrOHHMaHH~. (]eHHH

BHcTyna~ ~Killb npOTHB nOITHTOK rrpOTHBOTIOCTaBHTb Ha rrpOH3BO~CTBe

~eMOKpaTMn e~HHOHa~an~.) ITpaEa KonneKTHBa, B TOM ~c~e no OTHO­

meH~ID K PYKOBO~HTer.RM rrpe~npHRTH~, ~ aTO ~aneKO He aHapXO-CH~~­

Ka~H3M. TIPH aTOM He TO~hKO.~HpeKTOp, HO H Ko~~eRTHB 6y~eT HeCTH

OTBeTCTBeHHOCTh sa rrpe~rrpHHTHe, sa ero pa6oTy.

Xos~CTBeHHHe CBRSH H £!~~!~!~~~££!~! - npRMBR, ~eCTKaR,

MaTep~a~bHaR. ITpaBo HB XOSR~CTBeHWJD ~HH~aTHBY He TonbRO y KO~­

neKT~BOB, HO H Y nH~OCTH (OnHT, co~aRbHO-3KOHOMH~eC~~ aKcrrepH­

MeHT, HarrpHMep, - B c~epe 06C~HBaHMR). KOH~epHH H Tp8CTH Ha

rrORHOM XOSR~CTBeHHOM pBc~eTe.

B03Mo~o,nO~BTb a TOM, ~To6H BCg CHCTeMB 06C~Ba~R H

ToprOBnH 6@na rrOCTpoeH8 Ha KoonepaT~BHHX Haqanax. rOCY~BpCTBO

~~RcHpyeT ~eHy H rrpe~oCTaBnfleT B Kpe~HT nOMe~eHHR, 060pY~OBaHHe.

nO~eH 6HTb BH60p Me~ ~ByMR-TpeM~ MaraSHHaMH, rrpa~eqHHMH H T.~.

H~eH Ko~eKC X03R~CTBeHHoro upaBa, HO nHIDh rrpH caMOCTORTenb­

HOCTH ROHTpareHTOB. H~eH COBpeMe~ K30T - Y Hac ~orrOTorr~.

06ys~aTb MHHHCTepCTBO ~HHaHCOB, ROTopoe B ITOrOHe sa cero~­

HRillHe~ Korre~KOn nHmaeT 06~eCTBO COTeH H THCR~ py6nen SBBTpa. ]~K­

BH~HpOBaTb ~HHaHCOB~ npO~SBon. BBeCTH ~KCHpOBaHH@e HOpMH nnaTe­

~e~ H OT~cneHHn OT rrp~6~H rrpe~rrpHRTHn.

TpaHc~opMa~R MOHOnOnHH BHemHen ToprOB~ - pemMTenbHaR HH­

Terpa~R C co~a~CTH~eCKHMH CTpaHaMH (KaK rrep~ STan).

rrpO~COID3H HrpaIDT HHHe BO MHOrOM ~opManbWjD ponb. PeSKO rro~­

HHTb ~X 3HaqeHHe. MM ~HO rrpH~aTb 60nee cepbe3HHe ~K~H, qeM

c60p B3HOCOB H pacrrpe~eneHHe ITyTeBOK (orpy6nRR, KOHe~o, 3TO~ xa­

paKTepHCTHKO~ nono~eHHe ~en). nOnHTH~eCKH MH 3~eCb B~rpaeM.

Page 15: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

15.

KaK 6hI MbI Hce··COBepmeHCTBOBaJIH Te IDIH ,n.pyrHe cepephI, HarrpaB­~lO~~W-

JIeHHH, qaCTH MexaHHSMa, 06~e~ CJIaxeHHocTH~nHIDb OT COBepmeHCTBO-

BBHZR, He 6y,n.eT. A ~TO CaMOerJIaBHOe - He 6y~eT caMo,n.B~eHHn, . ~~o

cBoe06pa3HO~ "CaMOJIHKBa,n.a~H" He,n.OCTaTKOB;\ B03bMeT Bepx 3,n.paB~

CMNCJI, rrpOH30~,n.eT yCTpaHeHHe HJIH c~~eHMe ,D.HKTaTJPhI 6IDpOKpaTHH.

ECJIH rOBopaTb Bcepbe3 0 TBOpqeCTBe caMoro Hapo,n.a, CYBepeHHoCTH

ero BJIaCTH, BHP~aeMO~ ~epe3 napTRD, rocy,n.apCTBO, 06~eCTBeHHHe

opraHH3a~~H, TO Ha,n.o, HeITpeM8HHO H~O, oprah~30BaTb ,n.eJIO TaK,

qT06hI Ha npHH~ne He3hI6JI8UOCTH rrapT~Horo pyKOBo,n.CTBa, oco6eHHO

aa ero EhIcme~ cTyneHH, BOBne~ BC~ Maccy B rrpo~ecc nOJIHT~qeCKHX

,n.e~CTBH~, rrOJIHTHqeCKHX pemeHH~.

B aTHX ~eJIRX TIpHHRTb cne~ rrp~~QHTIHaJIbHy~ cxeMY PYROBO~-

CTBa:

I. BepxoBHaR TIapTH~HaH H rocy,n.apcTBeHHaR BJIaCTb OC~€CTBJIR­

eTCR QE~~~~~!~~_QQg~~

DH ~e flBJIffeTCfl ITpe,n.ce,n.aTeJIeM KOMMyHHCTHQeCKOrO COID38 (COID3a

KO~fHHCTOB) CCCP; rrpe,n.ceAaTeJIeM 06oe~HHeHHoro ITOJIHT6~po TIapTH~,

BXO,n.~HX B KOMMyHHCTHQeCWA~ COID3; ITpe,n.ce,n.aTeJIeM eOBeTa ITpe3M,n.eH­

T08 Pecny6JmK.

2. ITpesH,n.eHT H36HpaeTcfl Ha 10 neT Ha OCHOEe ITpRMoro BceHa­

pO,IJ.HOrO rOJIOCOBaHHR H3 KaH,IJ.H,n.aTOB, B~BHHyTHX napTHRMH, BXO,IJ.~H­

MY! B Q~~~_~~~~~~!~~.

3. COID3 KOMMyHHCTOB COCTOHT H3 ,D.BYX napTH~: CO~aJIHCTHqeCKO~

H Hapo,n.HO-,D.eMOKpaTHqeCKo~. Bceo6~He BhI60PH - K~hIe 5 JIeT - cBep­

xy ,n.OHH3Y·

COID3 KOMMyHHCTOB KMeeT o6~~ (rrpHW~ITHaJIb~) YCTaB/TIapTHH ­

60JIee TIo,n.p06HhIe YCTaBH.

Page 16: Mo - National Security Archive...Dec 25, 1985  · mmEPATIm rrOJIHT"AtlliCKOrO PA3BHTIffi . rrpaKTH~eCKan, a TeM 60nee . nOTeH~anhHaff. rrporpeCCHBHOCTb CO QHanH3Ma KaK 06~eCTBeHHoro

16.

4. rrpe3H~eHT KMeeT ~BYX BH~e-rrpe3H~eHToB:

no napTHH: rrpe~ce~aTe~b ~K (~Hc~nn~Hap~ H cor~aCHTe~bH~ opraH)

no rocy~apcTBY: ITPe~ce~aTenb KOMHTeTa Hapo~Horo . KOHTpOJIR'

rrpe3HAeHT KMeeT cooTBaTcTB~He pa60qHe annapaTs (no napTHH

H rocy~apcTBY), B TOM ~CJIe rpyrrrry COBeTHHKOB no HaQHOHaJIbHO~

6esonaCHOCTH.

5. ilpaBHTeJIbcTBo B03rJIaB~neTCH feHepaJIbHHM ceKpeTapeM nap­

THH, no6e~HBme~ Ha BceHapo~HHX B~6opax.

6. Borrpoc 0 pa60Te H ¢yHKqHRX BepxoBHoro eOBeTa - oco6~,

nOAJ!eXHT ~onO~HHTeJIbHoMy rrpo~aHHD. 3~ecb Mo~eT 6HTb, MHoro

BapHaHToB, HO aTO yxe BOrrpOC a He ITpHHQHna.CJIe~CTBHH,

Bce aTO, BMeCTe B3fiToe, pemHT MHor~e rrpo6neMH, KOTop~e Bce

paBHO ITpH~eTcR pemaTb, HO JIy~e C ynpe~eHHeM. 3TO 6y~eT peBOJID­

~OHHO~ nepeCTpO~KO~ ~£!2E~~~£~2£2~~E~~~E~. llpecc Tpe60BaHH~

BpeMeHH OCJIa6JIeH. TaKMe BonpOCH, ~aK aKTHBHOCTb JIH~OCTH, CMeHa

JIro~e~, 60pb6a C HHep~HeM H T.~., 6Y~T pemaTbcR 6e3 OC06HX H3­

~ep~eK. rrO~THqeCKaH KYnbTypa 06~eCTBa 6y~eT pacTH,a 3Ha~T H

peaJIbHaH cTa6~'bHOCTb.