Theriak algorithm

Theriak. Berühmtestes aus zahlreichen Bestandteilen (u.a. Opium) zusammengesetztes Universalheilmittel, das nahezu zweitausend Jahre lang in Gebrauch war, heute jedoch bedeutungslos geworden ist. Die bekannteste der durch Galenos überlieferten u. in ihrem Ursprung auf das sog. Mithridatium zurückgehenden Vorschriften zur T.-Herst. Stammt von Andromachos d.Ä. (Einem der Leibärzte Kaiser Neros). Dieser fügte seiner aus insgesamt 64 Ingredienzien bestehenden Latwerge erstmals das hierfür charakterist. Schlangenfleisch hinzu u. gilt somit als der eigentliche Erfinder der zunächst als Antidot - gegen jedwelche Vergiftung, bes. Gegen den Biss giftiger Tiere - verwendeten Arzneizubereitung (daher auch der Name von griech.: ther = wildes Tier).…

aus: Römpps: Chemie-Lexikon

Theriak algorithm (etymology)

Theriac was an ancient multi-ingredient preparation; originating as a cure for the bites of serpents, mad dogs and wild beasts, it later became an antidote to all known poisons. The name theriac ... was derived from the Greek for wild beast - theriakos. The first formula was created by Mithridates Vl, King of Pontus ... In the 1st century AD, Nero's personal physician Andromachus improved the formula of Antidotum Mithridatium by adding flesh of vipers, which was commonly believed to be the best antidote against snakebite, and by increasing the proportion of opium. It became known as Theriac of Andromachus, and contained 64 ingredients including various minerals, herbals, poisons and animal flesh and blood, all combined with honey in the form of electuarium. Later it became the cure-all medicine which, accumulating all the simples into one form, was supposed to be a universal panacea against all diseases.

http://www.curehunter.com/public/pubmed15125416.do

Theriak algorithm (etymology)

La préparation des vipères pour laComposition de la Thériaque.

Illustration du Hortus Sanitatis,Strassburg, 1586.

Theriak algorithm (etymology)

This terracotta drug jar, one of a pair, was made to contain a specific preparation: theriaca Andromachi. The preparation was named forAndromachus, shown seated on the lid clasping a drug jar against his thigh, who was the court physician for the Roman Emperor Nero. Commanded by Nero to improve on an existing antidote for poison, Andromachus removed some ingredients and added others, the most important of which was vipers’ flesh. The relief on the back of the jar shows Andromachus in the act of cutting up some vipers, while being observed by a group of doctors, all wearing tall hats. The relief on the front shows the doctor presenting his new drug to the Emperor.

Theriak algorithm (etymology)

The 56 ingredients of the theriaqueRoot of acora (antiseptic,tonic) 30g Giger race (stimulant, stomachique) 60gGinger race (stimulant, stomachic) 60gRoot of iris (emetic) 60gRoot of cinquefoil (astringent) 30gRoot of rhapontic (purgative) 30gRoot of valerian (antispasmodic) 30gRoot of meum (stimulant, diuretic) 20gRoot of gentian (stomachic, febrifuge) 20gRoot of aristolochae clematis (for rhumatism and gout) 10gRoot of cabaret (purgative, emetic) 10gWood of aloe (purgative, emmenagogue) 10gSchoenanthe (for ulcer) 10gBark of cinnamon (excitant, stimulant, antispasmodic) 100gBark of lemon (antiseptic, astringent) 60gDryed Scilla sèche (cardiotonic, diuretic) 60gHeads of scordium (bitter, tonic) 60gHeads of marruba (febrifuge) 30gHeads of calament (stomachic, tonic) 30gHeads of chamoedrys (excitant, bitter and tonic) 20gHeads of chamoepitys (for bites of scorpion) 20gHeads of pennyroyal (excitant, nervin) 30gDictame of Crete (excitant, emmenagogue) 30gFoils of daphne (febrifuge) 30gCentaury (tonic, stomachic, febrifuge) 10gHypericum (woundwort, hemoptysic, anti-asthmatic, anti-hysteric) 20gStoechas (stimulant) 30gRed roses (astringent) 60gSaffron (excitant, stomachic, emmenagogue) 40gSemin. of ammi (carminative, diuretic) 20gSemin. of anise (carminative) 20gSemin. of fennel (carminative, diuretic) 20gSemin. of Daucus of Crete (excitant, diuretic) 20gSemin. of Seseli (excitant) 20gSemin. of parsley (carminative, emmenagogue) 30gCardamome minor (stomachic, stimulant) 80gBlack pepper (aphrodisiac, heating) 60gLong pepper (aphrodisiac, heating) 120gSem. of ers (resolutive) 200gSemin. of turnip (pectoral, resolutive) 60gWhite agaric (purgative, drastic, antisudoral) 60gCastoreum(content of a glandular sac of Castor Fiber: stimulant, anti-hysteric, antispasmodic) 10gOpium of Smyrne (sedative, narcotic, antidhiarreic) 120gSuc of liquorice (digestive, diuretic) 60gSuc of cachou (emmenagogue, hemostatic, intestinal astringent) 40gArabic gum (pectoral, sweeting) 20gGalbanum (stimulant, antispasmodic) 30gMyrrha (resin gum : antispasmodique, emmenagogue) 10gOliban (antirhumatismic) 30gBenzoin (excitant, balsamic) 20gOpoponax (antispasmodic, expectorant) 10gBitum of Judea (sedative, stimulant of the nervous system) 10gSigillated glaze (hemostatic, astringent) 20gDryed sulfate of iron (astringent) 20gTerebenthin of Chio (arise secretions) 50gWhite honey (laxative, emollient, refreshing) 3500gWine of Grenache , 16° d'alcool 250g

Opium 120g

The relief on the back of the jar depicts the doctor Andromachus cutting up some vipers as a group of doctors watch.

Theriak algorithm (etymology)

Theriak algorithm

minminimize: ∆Gtot = ∑ nj · jj=1

N

nj = number of moles of species (Endmembers) j

j = chemical potential of species (Endmembers) j

minimize: ∆Gtot = ∑ nk · kk=1

N

nk = number of moles of phase k

k = molar Gibbs Free Energy of phase k

Theriak algorithm

0.75A0.25B0.75

nA

Theriak algorithm

There's always an easy solution to every human problem -- neat, plausible, and wrong. (Henry Louis Mencken)

Theriak algorithm

Theriak algorithm

Theriak algorithm

A

BCD

E

F

HGf

X0.0 0.5 1.0

G

Theriak algorithm

A

BCD

E

F

HGf

X0.0 0.5 1.0

composition

G

Theriak algorithm non-solution phases

A

BCD

E

F

HGf

X0.0 0.5 1.0

composition

Gibbs free energy

G

Theriak algorithm non-solution phases

A

BCD

E

F

HGf

X0.0 0.5 1.0

G

Bulk composition

Theriak algorithm non-solution phases

initial guessA

BCD

E

F

GH

Gf

X0.0 0.5 1.0

Bulk composition

A

BCD

F

H EG

C

A

B

D

E

F

GH

stable assemblage

Theriak algorithm non-solution phases

However beautiful the strategy, you should occasionally look at the results. (Sir Winston Churchill)

Theriak algorithm solution phases

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B1

A1

B2

A2

Loop 1

Find minimum Gf assemblage

Considered phases: endmembers

Bulk composition

Theriak algorithm solution phases

step00

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B2

A2

B1

A1

Loop 1Theriak algorithm solution phases

step02

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B2

A2B1

A1

Loop 1Theriak algorithm solution phases

step04

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B2

A2B1

A1

Loop 1Theriak algorithm solution phases

step06

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B2

A2

B1

A1

Loop 1Theriak algorithm solution phases

step07

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B1

A1

B2

A2

Loop 2Theriak algorithm solution phases

step07

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B2

A2

B1

A1

Loop 2Theriak algorithm solution phases

step08

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B2

A2

B1

A1

Loop 2Theriak algorithm solution phases

step09

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B2

A2

B1

A1

Loop 2Theriak algorithm solution phases

step10

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B2

A2

B1

A1

Loop 2Theriak algorithm solution phases

step11Don't worry about people stealing your ideas. If your ideas are any good, you'll have to ram them down people's throats. (Howard Aiken)

X0.0 1.0

Gf

B2

A2

B1

A1

Loop 3

etc. etc. etc. ...

Theriak algorithm solution phases

Don't worry about people stealing your ideas. If your ideas are any good, you'll have to ram them down people's throats. (Howard Aiken) step11