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DurchstArtenenglisch
ÖSTER
REICHISCHER
LEH RP
LAN
22. Klasse Mittelschule / AHS
GRAMMATIK ÜBEN
Grammar
für Schularbeitent
raining
Musterkapitel
„present perfect and past participle“
PAST PARTICIPLE – PartIzIP IIPast participle
p Past participle wird auf Deutsch partizip ii, partizip perfekt oder Mittelwort der Vergangenheit genannt�
p Es ist die 3. Stammform des Verbs, z� B� „gemacht“, „gegangen“ oder „angekommen“�
Bildung von past participle
regular verbs irregular verbs
base form 1� Stammform
arrive laugh do fly
past form 2� Stammform
arrived laughed did flew
past participle 3� Stammform
arrived laughed done flown
base form + (e)d sehr verschiedene Formen
Regular verbs
p Du bildest das past participle (3� Stammform) genauso wie die past form (2� Stamm- form):
past form = past participle = base form + (e)dRE
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Achte dabei auf diese Rechtschreibregeln:
p Konsonant + y R -ied carry R carried p Vokal + y R -yed play R played p Verdoppelung des Endkonsonanten hug R huggedA
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IPLE
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59© VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
Fill in the past participles of the 18 most common regular verbs. – Setze die fehlenden past participles der 18 häufigsten regular verbs ein.
base form past formpast
participlebase form past form
past participle
want
look
use
work
call
try
ask
need
seem
wanted
looked
used
worked
called
tried
asked
needed
seemed
help
talk
turn
start
play
move
like
live
believe
helped
talked
turned
started
played
moved
liked
lived
believed
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Irregular verbs
Irregular verbs bilden die Formen (past form und past participle) meist sehr verschieden� Eine liste der irregular verbs – mit den past participles – findest du auf den Seiten 89 bis 91 dieses Buches�
Fill in the past participles of the 18 most common irregular verbs (with the help of the list on the pages 89 to 91). – Setze die fehlenden past participles der 18 häufigsten irregular verbs ein (mit Hilfe der Liste auf den Seiten 89 bis 91).
base form past formpast
participlebase form past form
past participle
say
make
go
take
come
see
know
get
give
said
made
went
took
came
saw
knew
got
gave
find
think
tell
become
show
leave
feel
put
bring
found
thought
told
became
showed
left
felt
put
brought
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IPLE
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60 © VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
PRESENT PERFECTBedeutung und Bildung von present perfect
p Present perfect ist eine Art der Vergangenheit�
So bildest du present perfect: have / has + past participle
I, You, We, They have tried to answer the questions.He, She, It has left the house.
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Write the present perfect with these persons and verbs. – Bilde present perfect mit den angegebenen Personen und Verben.
I p write R I have writtenhe p call R he has calledwe p visit R we have visited
you p say R you have saidit p snow R it has snowedthey p take R they have taken
1 she p give R
2 we p begin R
3 I p find R
4 it p rain R
5 he p see R
6 they p work R
7 you p study R
8 Joe and I p finish R
9 Mary p arrive R
10 the baby p cry R
11 the dog p eat R
12 the play p start R
13 the girls p dance R
14 I p speak R
15 the bus p leave R
16 the rain p stop R
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61© VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
verwendung von present perfect
p Du verwendest present perfect, wenn du sagen willst, dass etwas jetzt gerade oder vor kurzer Zeit geschehen ist�
p Du sagst dabei nicht, wann es geschehen ist!
p Wichtig ist, dass die Folgen oder Auswirkungen hier und jetzt noch spürbar sind�
p Du verwendest past simple für Ereignisse, die abgeschlossen und vorbei sind�
They’ve cut down the trees!Max has sold his mountain bike.I’ve returned the books.Dad has fixed the toaster.
R Die Bäume sind weg�
R Er hat kein Fahrrad mehr�
R Ich habe sie nicht mehr�
R Er funktioniert wieder�
U UDas ist soeben passiert� Das sind die Auswirkungen�
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Complete the sentences with the present perfect of the verb in brackets: have / has + past participle. – Vervollständige die Sätze mit dem present perfect der Verben in Klammer: have / has + past participle.
1 You (work) long enough� You can stop now�
2 Harry (try) to text* you three times today�
3 We (ask) our parents�
4 My sister (move) to a bigger flat�
5 Nobody (help) me with these exercises�
6 Look, they (build) a huge* snowman!
7 Max and Jenny (go) to the cinema�
8 I (bring) you some flowers, Grandma�
9 Someone (hide) my trainers again!
10 I think I (tell) you about our skiing trip�
11 It (rain) � The grass is wet�
12 I can’t open the lock* because I (forget) the combination�
*text – eine SMS schicken *huge – riesig *lock – Schloss
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62 © VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
Put the words into the correct order and write sentences with present perfect. – Bringe die Wörter in die richtige Reihenfolge und schreibe Sätze mit present perfect.
1 tidied up p have p my room p I
2 Mike p from p returned p has p his holiday
3 have p all p I p my friends p invited
4 lost p Maria p her keys p has
5 Mum p a cake p baked p has p again
6 their house p sold p the Johnsons p have
7 eight questions p have p correctly p you p answered
Find a suitable past participle from the word snake, add have or has and complete the sentences. – Finde das passende past participle in der Wortschlange und setze es mit have oder has in den Satz ein.
The cat has caught a mouse. – You have made a mistake.
STOppEDBOUgHTpASSEDMADEASKEDCAUgHTSENTWONDONEMET
1 The tourist the policeman for the way to the museum�
2 Bettina me an email�
3 Congratulations! You the test!
4 Mum me this T-shirt� I think it looks silly!
5 Jeff and Simon the finals again�
6 It raining� Now we can go for a walk�
7 Brenda a young man� I think she’s in love!
8 I my homework� Can I watch TV now?
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63© VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
Fragen in present perfect
The guests have arrived. R Have the guests arrived?Jim has read our email. R Has Jim read our email?R
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Turn these sentences into questions. – Bilde Fragen mit diesen Sätzen.
1 Mum has cut your hair� ?
2 You have solved the problem� ?
3 Helen has missed the bus� ?
4 We have met this man before� ?
5 George has spoken with his parents� ?
6 Max and Rita have left the party� ?
7 Joe has shown you his new room� ?
8 The girls have fed the dog� ?
9 Gloria has brushed her teeth� ?
10 I’ve forgotten something important� ?
11 They have found the missing tourists� ?
12 Dad has fixed the car� ?
It’s questions time again! Write questions with present perfect. – Es ist wieder Fragestunde! Schreibe Fragen mit present perfect.
1 you p switch off p the lights ?
2 the boys p break p the window ?
3 the baby p drink p the milk ?
4 Lydia p apologise p to you ?
5 I p interrupt p something ?
6 Peter p jump p from the tree ?
7 you p save p enough money ?
8 somebody p see p my sunglasses ?
9 Uncle Joe’s p plane p land ?
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64 © VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
Present perfect mit ever und never
Have you ever …? R Hast du schon einmal / jemals …?I have never … R Ich habe noch nie / niemals …R
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p Du verwendest ever in Fragen, wenn du wissen willst, ob jemand schon einmal / jemals etwas Bestimmtes getan / gesehen / gehört … hat�
p Du verwendest never, wenn du sagen willst, dass du etwas noch nie / niemals getan / gesehen / gehört … hast�
Have you ever sat on a horse? Bist du schon einmal / jemals auf einem Pferd gesessen?
I have never seen a Formula One race. Ich habe noch nie ein Formel-1-Rennen gesehen�
Ask present perfect questions with ever. – Bilde Fragen in present perfect mit ever.
the boys p win a tennis match R Have the boys ever won a tennis match ?James p mention his brother R Has James ever mentioned his brother ?
1 your grandparents p own a car R ?
2 Mr Grove p catch a big fish R ?
3 the police p find the jewels R ?
4 Aunt Julia p smoke R ?
5 you p be on a cruise ship R ?
6 Emilia p take ballet lessons R ?
7 we p visit Tower Bridge R ?
8 I p tell you about my hobbies R ?
9 Andrew p help us R ?
10 Victor p work in a factory R ?
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65© VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
Make present perfect sentences with never. Use the sentences from exercise 87. – Bilde Sätze in present perfect mit never. Verwende die Sätze von Übung 87.
the boys p win a tennis match R The boys have never won a tennis match .James p mention his brother R James has never mentioned his brother .
1 your grandparents p own a car R �
2 Mr Grove p catch a big fish R �
3 the police p find the jewels R �
4 Aunt Julia p smoke R �
5 you p be on a cruise ship R �
6 Emilia p take ballet lessons R �
7 we p visit Tower Bridge R �
8 I p tell you about my hobbies R �
9 Andrew p help us R �
10 Victor p work in a factory R �
Write the words in the correct order and make sentences or questions. – Bringe die Wörter in die richtige Reihenfolge für Sätze oder Fragen.
1 collected p you p stamps p ever p have p ?
?
2 never p has p my grandpa p a high p climbed p mountain
�
3 sung p you p ever p a choir p in p have p ?
?
4 a p I p never p heard p story p have p more boring
�
5 Nicholas p finished p model ship p ever p his p has p ?
?
6 my mum p in a p spent p castle p never p has p a night
�
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66 © VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
Present perfect mit already und (not) yet
I have already … R Ich habe schon / bereits …Have you … yet? R Hast du schon …?I haven’t … yet. R Ich habe noch nicht …
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p Du verwendest already, wenn du etwas schon getan (gehört, gesehen …) hast�
p Du verwendest yet in einer Frage, wenn du wissen willst, ob jemand etwas schon getan (gesehen, gehört …) hat� Dabei steht yet am Ende des Satzes�
p Du verwendest not … yet, wenn du etwas noch nicht getan (gehört, gesehen …) hast� yet steht auch hier meist am Satzende�
Mother: Boys, have you done your homework yet?Simon: No, I haven’t done it yet.Eric: Yes, I’ve already done it.
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Cross out the wrong word: already or yet? – Streiche das falsche Wort durch: already oder yet?
1 Have you seen Joe? – No, he hasn’t come already / yet�
2 Have you read Stephen’s emails already / yet? – Yes, and I’ve already / yet answered them�
3 Have you written the shopping list already / yet, Jack? – No, not already / yet, but I’m going to do it now�
4 Alex has already / yet eaten six hot dogs, and now he’s sick!
5 Has Bettina gone to bed already / yet? – No, she’s still watching TV�
6 We haven’t finished the project already / yet, but we have already / yet done more than half�
7 The film has already / yet started, but Max and Mia aren’t here already / yet�
8 You’ve already / yet had five glasses of milk� Isn’t this enough?
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67© VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
Ask present perfect questions with ever or yet and answer them with never, not yet or already. – Bilde Fragen in present perfect mit ever oder yet und beantworte sie mit never, not yet oder already.
1 Have you called Grandma ? – No, not , but I’ll do it now�
2 Has your dad had a motorcycle? – No, he has had one�
3 Has the film started ? – Yes, it has� They have shut the doors�
4 What’s your name and where do you live? – Sir, we have answered these
questions� Can we go now?
5 Margot has been to Paris, but she wants to go this year� Have you
been there? – Yes, three times, and I liked it a lot�
6 I’ve written five emails, but Sandra hasn’t replied �
7 Have you had a dog? – No, , but we’ve had cats�
8 The guests have arrived, and Mum hasn’t finished cooking !
Write the words in the correct order and make sentences or questions. – Bringe die Wörter in die richtige Reihenfolge für Sätze oder Fragen.
1 Doris p a p choir p never p has p sung p in
�
2 dinner p family p you p ever p for p cooked p have p the p ?
?
3 read p have p you p the story p yet p ?
?
4 I p already p the room p and p tidied up p have p made p the beds
�
5 wild p seen p never p elephants p Richard p has
�
6 Felix p his p done p why p yet p homework p hasn’t p ?
?
7 the new hospital p already p opened p have p they
�
8 a film p you p have p about p volcanoes p ever p seen p ?
?
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68 © VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
Present perfect oder past simple?
past simple für vollendete Handlungen („aus und vorbei“, damals)
present perfect für Ereignisse, die eben erst geschehen sind und die sich auf das „Hier und Jetzt“ auswirken
In 1969, astronauts landed R vor über 50 Jahren on the Moon�
We came back from Italy R vor ein paar Tagen last Saturday.
The airplane has landed. R Es ist nicht mehr in der Luft�
Look, Joe and Mary have come! R Sie sind endlich hier�
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Past simple or present perfect? Fill in the correct form. – Past simple oder present perfect? Setze die richtige Form ein.
Look, it (snow) has snowed ! Everything’s white. R Folge auf das Hier und Jetzt.
Dad (buy) bought the car last year. R Das war voriges Jahr und ist lange vorbei.
1 The last guests (arrive) � Now the party can begin!
2 Britney’s train (arrive) half an hour ago�
3 Look, Sam (already, feed) the cat�
4 When Emily (be) in kindergarten,
she (like) to play with dolls�
5 (you, look) at our photo album yet? –
Yes, I have� You (take) lovely photos in your holidays�
6 This letter (come) yesterday,
but I (not read) it yet� I’ll read it now!
7 Last year, we (visit) Paris and London,
but we (not go) to Amsterdam�
8 (you, ever, be) to Amsterdam? – No, never�
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69© VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
Complete the sentences with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets: present simple, past simple or present perfect. – Setze die Verben in Klammer in der richtigen Zeit ein: present simple, past simple oder present perfect.
Richard Gordon, the famous explorer*, (be) interested in foreign
countries for a long time� He (travel) to India and Nepal for the first
time* when he (be) 21 years old� Now he (be)
forty-five, and he still (enjoy) travelling� Richard’s work (take)
him all over the world, and he (visited) more
than 70 countries so far*� Last year, he (go) to Antarctica for the first
time and he (love) it very much� Richard is married to Sandra Baker,
the actress*� They (have) two children, and they
(live) in a little village in Scotland� They (buy)
an old house there ten years ago�
*explorer – Forscher *for the first time – zum ersten Mal *so far – bis jetzt *actress – Schauspielerin
Find all 24 past participles in the grid and write them down. – Finde alle 24 past participles im Raster und schreibe sie auf.
S P O K E N W M N W down U
1 SAT
2
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A W A S B E E N S R
T A K E N E R U N I
W A I T E D E R S T
S H O W N E U M E T
T S A I D D D O N E
O P E N E D P U T N
O W N E D L O S T H
D S E D R I V E N A
S E E N L A N D E D
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70 © VERITAS-Verlag, Linz. – Durchstarten Englisch 2. Klasse Mittelschule/AHS. Grammatik üben
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