02.12.2006 1

C. SpieringBad Honnef, Nov. 18, 2006

02.12.2006 2

„Astroparticle Physics European Coordination Gegründet 2001

(ursprünglich 6, jetzt 13 Staaten) Steering Committee (Funding Agencies) Peer Review Committee (Experten-Gremium) 2002-2005: Reviews der einzelnen Felder 2005-2008: Astroparticle Roadmap

(Zeitraum bis 2015)

02.12.2006 3

Astroteilchenprojekte der nächsten Phase(>2010) erreichen die 50-500 M€ Skala

Koordination Kooperation Konvergenz zu wenigen Großprojekten Schaffung der notwendigen Infrastrukturen

(Untergrund-Labs, Observatorien) R&D für neue Technologien

02.12.2006 4

Frank Avignone Jose Bernabeu Leonid Bezrukov Pierre Binetruy Hans Bluemer Karsten Danzmann Franz v. Feilitzsch Enrique Fernandez Werner Hofmann John Iliopoulos Uli Katz Paolo Lipari

Manel Martinez Antonio Masiero Benoit Mours Francesco Ronga Andre Rubbia Subir Sarkar Guenther Sigl Gerard Smadja Nigel Smith Christian Spiering (chair) Alan Watson Observer SC: Thomas Berghöfer

02.12.2006 5

Juni 2005: ApPEC SC beauftragt PRC mitRoadmap

Questionnaires von allen europäischenExperimenten

4 PRC-Treffen Präsentationen vor AT community

(~ 2000 Physiker) Präsentationen auf CERN strategy meetings Oktober 2006: Zirkulation des vollen Textes

02.12.2006 6

Januar 2007: Publikation als. „PHASE-I“ Roadmap

PHASE-II (Feb.-Sept 2007): Präzisierungen (milestones, Kosten) innerhalb

der thematischen sub-communities PHASE-III (Abschluß Juni 2008):

Priorisierung zwischen Feldern Aktionsplan Draft agreements für große Infrastrukturen „Broschüre“ á la European Strategy for Particle

Physics

02.12.2006 7

- Dark matter: WIMPS direct and indirect, axions from Sun- Dark energy (not addressed in detail but closely related to dark matter)- Other particles beyond the standard model- Cosmic antimatter

> 2011: Two direct-search experiments with 10-10 pb sensitivity

Soon: Pamela, later: AMS

Price tag 60-100 M€

02.12.2006 8

10-10 pb

2006 (CDMS)

expectation 2008

02.12.2006 9

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

10-4

10-10

10-8

10-6

Cro

ss s

ectio

n (p

b)Stage 1:Field in Infancy

Stage 2:Prepare the instruments Stage 3:

Maturity.Rapid progress

Stage 4:- Understand remaining background- Determine best method for 1-2 ultimate detectors

Stage 5:

Build and operateultimate detectors

LHC

results of LHC may stronglymodify this picture !

02.12.2006 10

two experiments(different nuclei,different tech-niques), e.g. 1 bolometric 1 noble liquid

more than 2 expt‘sworldwide

2011-2013 60-100 M€Dark MatterSearch:Low backgroundexperiments with1-ton mass

RemarksDesirablestart ofconstruction

cost scale (M€)

Field/ Experiment

Expect technical proposals ~ 2009/10

02.12.2006 11

Spectrum endpoint and ββ , oscillations at reactors

Soon: KATRIN Soon: Double CHOOZ

make useof discoverywindow !

>2010: ~2 experimentswith sensitivity totest inverse hierarchy

02.12.2006 12

Start next 5 years:GERDA, Cuore, Super-NEMO, EXO-200, ..

Following generation:GERDA+Majorana, Cuore-enr., EXO-1ton,COBRA,. ..

proof/disprove Klapdortest inverted scenario

02.12.2006 13

Start next 5 years:GERDA, Cuore, Super-NEMO, EXO-200, ..

Following generation:GERDA+Majorana, Cuore-enr., EXO-1ton,COBRA,. ..

20-50 meV range requires active mass of order one ton, good resolution, low BG. Need several isotopes. Price tag 60-80 M€. Gain experience within next 5 years.

02.12.2006 14

1)Explore invertedhierarchy scenario2)two experimentswith different nuclei(and desirably moreworldwide)

2011-2013 60-80 M€Properties ofneutrinos:Double betaexperiments

RemarksDesirablestart ofconstruction

cost scale (M€)

Field/ Experiment

For instance: - GERDA + MAJORANA - advanced CUORE

02.12.2006 15

Soon: Borexino

≥ 2012 (civil engineering):A very large multi-purpose facilityOptions:

- Water Megatonne („MEMPHYS“)- 100 kton Liquid Argon („GLACIER“)- 50 kton scintillaton detector („LENA“)

Price tag 400-800 M€

02.12.2006 16

- multi-purpose- 3 technological..options- needs huge new..excavation- most ofexpen-..ditures likeafter ..2015- worldwide sharing

Civilengineering:2012-2013

400-800 M€

Proton decay andlow energyneutrinoastronomy:Large infrastructurefor p-decay and νastronomy on the100kt-1 Mton scale

RemarksDesirablestart ofconstruction

cost scale (M€)

Field/ Experiment

02.12.2006 17

Charged cosmic rays, neutrinos, TeV γ

Started: Auger>2008: Auger North>2015: EUSO ?

H.E.S.S., Magic Very Large Array(s)(„CTA“, > 2009)

> 2010: KM3NeT under construction:IceCube

02.12.2006 18>2009: CTA ~103 sources

02.12.2006 19

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

102

103

104

101

X rays

MeV-GeV

0.1-100 TeV

High Energy Photon Sky: Source Count vs. Year

(modified from M. De Naurois, astro-ph/0409361)

2015

02.12.2006 201980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

10-4

10-10

10-8

10-6

10-1000 TeV

1 EeV

Dumand

Frejus Macro

Baikal/Amanda

IceCube/ KM3NeT

Rice AGASA

Rice GLUE

Anita, Auger

Flux * E² (GeV/ cm² sec sr)

Sensitivity to HE diffuse neutrino fluxes

Waxman-Bahcall limit

02.12.2006 21

Cosmic Ray Experiments at HighestEnergies

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

Year

Inte

grat

ed A

pert

ure

(km

^2*s

tr*y

ear)

Fly'e Eye

AGASA

HiRes

Auger-S

EUSO

Auger-N

Auger(S+N)

TA

02.12.2006 22

Physics potentialwell defined by richphysics frompresent γ exp‘s

Confirmation ofphysics potentialfrom Auger Southexpected in 2007

FP6 design studyConfirm. of physicspotential fromIceCube andgamma telescopesexpected in 2008-10

First site 2010

2009

2011

100 M€ South 50 M€ North

85 M€

250 M€

High Energy Univ.Gamma RaysCherenkovTelescope ArrayCTA

Charged CosmicRaysAuger North

NeutrinosKM3NeT

RemarksDesirablestart ofconstruction

cost scale (M€)

Field/ Experiment

02.12.2006 23

Now:- GEO-600, VIRGO (+ upgrades),- participation in advanced LIGO- resonant detectors> 2012 (start civil engineering):- 3rd Generation Facility(underground low frequencies)

Price tag 300 M€

02.12.2006 24

02.12.2006 25

Conceived asundergroundlaboratory

Civilengineering2012

250-300 M€Gravitationalwaves:Third generationinterferometer

RemarksDesirablestart ofconstruction

cost scale (M€)

Field/ Experiment

02.12.2006 26

From infancy to maturity: the past 1-2 decadeshave born the instruments & methods for doingscience with high discovery potential.

Accelerated increase in sensitivity in nearly allfields.

A lot of advanced, interesting world-class projects.Europeans lead in many fields.

Physics harvest has started (TeV gamma) or isin reach. Most techniques are mature.

Synergy with LHC Detailed milestones (until 2008), technical

design reports (2008-2011) Need increased funding