88 Reviews and abstracts

A controlled study was performed to test the hy- pothesis that myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome is related to posture. Thirty patients with myofascial pain of the muscles of mastication were compared with 30 control patients in 28 parameters of posture. The pa.. tients in each group were presented randomly to a reg- istered physical therapist trained in postural analysis at the hospital’s dental department of physical medicine. The therapist was considered “blind” to the study in that she did not know whether the patient being eval- uated was a member of the control or the experimental group.

The results of the study indicated no significant differences between the two groups in any parameter tested.

Ah Jacobson

Elimination of the Residual Alveolar Cleft by Secondary Bone Grafting and Subsequent Orthodontic Treatment Olav Bergland, G. Semb, and F. E. Abyholm Cl& Palate J. 1986;23:175-205

Malpositioned, malformed, and/or congenitally missing maxillary anterior teeth are the disrupting fac- tors in a dental arch that contribute toward facial dis- figurement in congenital cleft anomalies. Prosthetic re- placement of the missing anterior teeth in the maxillary arch has always been considered an important part of rehabilitation. However, in the late 19th century, sur- gical correction became the therapy of choice with the introduction of effective surgical closure of congenital clefts. With the development of the team approach, the residual alveolar cleft became the main obstacle to ob- taining optimum results.

The insertion of a bone graft into the osseous defect seemed to be the logical procedure. A variety of bone grafting procedures were introduced and as many aban- doned. The authors describe a combined surgicaliortho- dontic procedure to eliminate the residual alveolar cleft by secondary grafting and subsequent orthodontic treat- ment. The procedure described in the text was carried out on 378 patients-240 male and 138 female subjects. Seventy-two patients had bilateral clefts, making a total of 450 grafted clefts. The optimal age for this secondary bone grafting has been found to be between 9 and 1 I years. In 292 of the cases, the canine had reached its final position in the arch, which allowed a four-group semiquantitative assessment of the newly obtained in- terdental septum on dental radiographs. The best results have been achieved in cases in which the bone graft was carried out before the eruption of the canine. In

this group a normal (category i) interdental septal he@ was achieved in 64% and a slightly lower (category II) interdental septum in 32% of cases. Interdental heptv classified as types 1 and II are considered to be :IC- ceptable. The cleft space was closed in 90% of case:, No significant difference between unilateral and bilat- era1 cases was found. When the same procedure w;i!> carried out after eruption of the canine. the results wcrc less than favorable.

Die Bedeutung Rationaktr Biomechanik bei der OrthodontWhen andfung Etwachsener Patienten Birte M&en Praktische Kieferorthop I986;l:j - I4

With the increasing demand for adult orthodontic treatment, it is important to emphasize the difference in treatment approach between children and adults.

The increased risk of producing irreversible iatro- genie damage to the temporomandibular joint function or the periodontal condition in patients is stressed. To avoid or minimize iatrogenic consequences of treat- ment, the functional and periodontal status of the den- tition needs to be considered. A healthy periodontium should be maintained during treatment. The magnitude and stress distribution of appliances should be prede- termined and designed to avoid “round tripping” ot teeth.

‘The impact of orthodontic treatment on the esthet- ics, the occlusal stability, the periodontal condition, and the function of the chewing apparatus is illustrated by a number of case presentations.

The x-ray, black-and-white, and color photographic reproductions in the article are of excellent quality. Even without knowledge of the German language, the gist of the text can be gleaned from the numerous ce- productions. The effects of treatment by the various appliances described are clearly illustrated.

Alex Jucobson

Das Doppeiaplintverfahren zur Vorber&ung Einer Simuitanen Chirurgiaschen Lafpkorrektur des Ober und UnterkWers S. T. Somsiri Fortschr. Ki<ferorthop. 1987;48:59-65

The precise fixation of bony segments m simutta- neous two-jaw surgery plays an important role in ob- taining good results from this treatment. The author