book reviews Editor: W. F. KIEFFER

College of Woator

Wowler, Ohio

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Frank Brescia, John A~enls, Herbert Meislich, and Amos Tu&, all of the City College of the City University of New York. 2nd ed. Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1970. xxi + 796 pp. Figs. and tables. 18.5 X 26 om. $10.95.

It has been four years since the first edition of this book was published and the number of pages has been cot from 816 to 796. Even though the new edition has slightly larger dimensions, the total amount of reading material is 5 4 % less because of the wide margins provided for notes in the new edition. In the reviewer's opinion this is a trend in the right direction because many freshman chemistry texts are becoming unwieldy both in size and words.

The order in which material is pre- sented, although essentially the same as the previous edition has undergone some rearrangement, i.e., organic chemistry now appears in the last third of the text rather than the first third. Although new titles to chapters have been added, such as the Chemistry of Representative Elements, the Chemistry of the Transition Elements, Radiation and Matter, and Separation and Purifioation, much of the material in these chapters appeared in the first edition a t different places. An exception is the chapter on Radiation and Matter. The treatment of entropy is enlarged as is the presentation of reaction

-Reviewed in this lssu-

mechanisms, wave mechanics, and acids and bases-hard and soft acids now appear. Material which is given less emphasis is qualitative analysis, metal- lurgical processes, and some historical development. Some of the full page diagrams have been decreased in size. Important words, phrases, sentences, and definitions are given in italics and the paragraph headings are put in the margins. In the first edition, these items were in heavy hlack print.

Once again, sample problems are well explained and set apart from the body of the text by a different color print. (Sec- ond edition-a light green versus s. heavy black print in the first edition.) Mast of the extensive list of problem a t the end of each chapter are different than those in the first edition and furthermore, the total number and varieties of problems has been greatly increased (about 40% more problems per chapter). For example the chapter on Atoms and Molecules has the greatest number with 78 different prab- lems; most chapters offer 20-30 different ones and only one chapter (Intermolecular Forces) offers very few with only 8. Answers are given to all of the numerical problem. In the reviewers opinion, this wide selection of problems is a big help to the busy general chemistry teacher. If there is a teacher's manual to accompany the hook, which gives detailed answers to all of the questions, i t would he of ex- ceptional value as a time saver.

The hook seem to he aimed at the good

student with some background in high school chemistry, although a9 the authors say, "it can he handled, with some per- severance, even by the student who has not had the high school course." I t would be worthwhile for general chemistry teachers to consider this text for their use.

DONALD B. SUMMERS N m Mezico Slate University

Las Cruces, New Mezieo 88001

Principles of Chemistry: A Structural Approach

Garth Im, Utah State University, Logan. International Textbook Ca., Scranton, Pennsylvenia, 1970. xiii + 713 pp. Figs. and tables. 18.5 X 26 om. $11.25.

This new entry to the field of freshman texts is intended far use in general ohem- istry courses for chemistry majors and other science or engineering-oriented stu- dents. A knowledge of high-school chem- istry is recommended, but sufficientfunda- mental material is included so that i t could be used by intelligent students with no chemistry background. Algebra. is, of course, s prerequisite, hut ealculus is not required.

Professor Lee effectively utilizes his years of teaching and previous writing experience as ca-author of the text, "Gen- eral Chemistry: Inorganic and Organic," designed for s. less rigorous course (see J. CHEM. EDUC. 43, 166 (1966)). His new volume uses an approach which is diflerent and a bit more sophistimted than any high-school program including the Chemi- cal Bond Approach and Chem Study, and should prove interesting and challenging to bright, well-prepared beginning chemistry students. The hook is neatly attract,ive and effectively illustrated by Richard S. Bird in a two-color format.

Dr. Lee refreshingly takes the historical approach in describing the development of some concepts to lend interest and to provide a basis for an apprecistion of the scientific method. Topics snd principles stressed are: the kinetio theory as i t applies to the three states of matter, atomic structure, bonding, solutions, rates of reaction, chemical equilibrium, and electrochemistry. Thermodynamics does not appear as a. separate study but is introduced and applied where needed. The chapter on bonding is, without doubt, one of the best organized presentations of introductory molecular orbital theory presently on the market.

Eight of the chapters contain discussions of tne elements and their inorganic com- pounds in t e r m of the principles and are correlated with atomic and molecular structure and with the position of the element in the periodio table. A student taking a course based on this text would not likely believe silver chloride to he a "pale green gas" (J. CHEM.EDUC. 47, 27 (1970)). Organic chemistry is not in- cluded in the text, but this is not a draw- back since the chemistry majors would he taking later courses in that subject.

(Continued on page A 108)

Volume 48, Number 2, Febr'uary 1971 / A107

book reviews

The quantitative chapters contain an abundance of example problems with t,he solutions clearly shown, complete with units, and the answers given to the ap- propriate number of significant figures. Numerous exercises with answers appear within the chapters and additional ex- ercises are provided at the end of each chapter so that a. snpplement,ary problem hook is unnecessary.

The useful appendix contains s. luoid discussion of significant figures, brief reviews of the exponential form, the use of logarithms, straight line equations, and of calculation of the diameter of a sphere that fit,s various crystal holes relative to the diameter of the spheres surrounding the hole. I t also includes the periodic table, four-place logarithms, and answers to selected exercises.

I n summn-ry, serious consideration should he given to this text by professors who favor a, modern, strongly structural qproach for science-oriented students. Properly used, i t should supply a firm fonndation for further courses in chem- istry. For those not teaching such a oonrse. the volume still would he useful

la= orbital theory.

ALDERTINE KROHN University qf Toledo

Toledo, Ohio

Experimenlal Physical Chemistry

Farrington Daniels, et al., University of Wisconsin, Madison. 7th ed. Mc- Grm-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, 1970. xiii + 669pp. Figs. and tables. 19.5 X 24.5 om. $9.95.

A seventh edition of the original 1929 "Experimental Physioal Chemist,ry7' by Daniels, et aI. is now available. On the s~.ri. ,w, the uttl~,r.: 2ppe.t~ t t , h: tw n d r :t tla,rw&pinc rrvi-ion <,I 11w +xth I'ni? t:d11101~. TIP i l l~~-~r i t t io~ . - h t t w l w c n redrawn in a more modern style. All of t,he references have been rewrit,ten to con- form with current style. The majority of t,he experimenis retained from t,he Sixt,h Edition cont,ain minor changes intended to improve t,he clarity of discussion or reflect advances in technique and instmmenta- tion.

Important changes are present, too. There are five new experiments. Vsouum Technique, which is an exercise in the use of a glass vacuum line, is a ges density- molecular weight determination which replaces the Victor Meyer method found in earlier edit,ians. Experiment 6 is a direct det,erminzt,ion of AH,' for TiCL by calorimetrio met,hods; it reqoires glass- blowing experience and may he fairly hasardoue. Experiment 33 is a det,ermim- tion of dipole moment., from gas dielectrio constants which uses the heterodyne heat method. Experiment 40, Infrared and Ramin Spectra of Triatomic I\lolecnles, provides an illustration of the power of combining the two spectrascopic tech-

niques. This experiment can he made even more powerful by the use of gas- phase Raman equipment, now available in many laboratories. Experiment 43, Elec- tron Spin Resonance, another new experi- ment, provides an exercise in the technique of esr. In addition, major changes have been m d e in the techniques used in the experiments on Sedimentation Rate, nmr, and Rubber Ela-ticiby. Several experi- ments in the Sixth Edition have been deleted: t,he Victor Meyer molecular weight determination, t,he ethanol-acet,ic acid est,erificetion equilibrium, the FIitt,orf method for transference numbers, the dropping mercury elect,rode and the de- termination of range and energy of b& particles. A numher of other more classi- cal experiments have been shortened or combined. There is a brief sect.ion on the use of computers in data processing and three proflams including one for me with the experiment on vapor-liquid eqoilih- rium. A short appendix snmmarizing vector not,atian and msnipulations has been added.

In spite of the changes, the emphasis of the Seventh Edition is on fairly clessi~d techniques. The importance of experi- ments to biophysical chcmist,ry is not made clear. The ORD exowiment, makes onlv passing reference to the helix-mil experi- ment. Chapter 15, Maoromoleeular Chemistry, includes experiments on vis- cosity of polymer solut,ions, osmotio pressure, sedimentst,ion rate, and the t,hermodynamics of rubber elsst,ioity, none of which employs samples of hiologioal

(Continued on pago A 113)

A108 / Journal of Chemical Educafion

book reviews interest or empha~izes the biological im- portance of these techniques. The kinetics experiments are very traditional and do not reflect recent advances in the field. There are no experiments on enzyme kinetics, fast kinetics, fluorescence decay, and no experiments which emphasize the dependence of reaction cross-section on energy. Most serious, perhaps, is the lack of emphasis on the use of the digital computer, which is one of the most im- portant techniques a student of physical chemistry can learn. The Seventh Edition contains only a. short description of the use of computers plus three programs. There is no experiment in which the use of s. computer is neeessav to interpret the data, such as Fourier spectroscopy or an X-ray experiment in which interrstomic distances are obtained from intensity data.

In all seven editions of "Experimental Physical Chemistry'' the authors have stated in the Preface, "The imperative is not used. Procedures are described hot orders are not given. The student studies the experiment first and then plans his work-a method which develops both his power and his interest.'' Indeed, the reader will not find an instruction such as "Turn Stopcock B." He will find "Stop- cock B is turned." Procedures are given as a detailed set of "suggestions" in the passive voice. The tone of the procedural instructions, however, is inescapably imperative, and this provides a focus for my major criticism of this hook. "Experi- mental Physioal Chemistry" is not a text which encourages a. student to be creative in the development of experiments. I t is not a text which awakens or stimulates scientific curiosity. I t cannot, therefore, be recommended ss 8. text for use in courses in which these things are important oom- ponents. As a reference i t will he valuable, and it may be snitable for 8. course with a heavy emphasis on experimental tech- nique.

The flavor of the Seventh Edition of "Experimental Physicd Chemistry" ~s

essentially the flavor of the Sixth Edition. I suspect that i t is just this flavor which has caused Rome undergraduates to find chemistry less ~alatable. In fairness I must add that I am not familiar with anv other laboratory text in physical ohemistr; which provides m o h relief from this heavy taste.

J. S. KITTELRERGER Amherst College

A mherst, Massachusetts 01002

Quantum Chemistry: Elementary Principles and Methods

N . V. Rirgs, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia. Maemillan Co., New York, 1969. ix + 243 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 24 cm. $8.95.

The author of this introductory text is an organic chemist, and the treatment is particularly aimed at the needs of a he- ginning organic student. This is perhaps the strong point of the book. I t starts with the standard topics: an introduc-

tion to the Schrodinger equation, the particle in a potential well, atomic orhi- tals, and molecular orbital theory for sim- ple molecules. The second half of the hook is devoted to the theory of wnjw gated orgenic molecules. These are treated in considerable detail a t the level of Hiickel theory. Particular emphasis is placed on the use of nonbonding r orbitals and on the interpretation of the reactivi- ties of conjugated molecules. Although the author uses Hiickel theory almost ex- clusively, he takes pains to point out the rather artificial nature of the approxima- tion. For example, he shows what a wide variety of values for the semiempirical resonance integral are obtained by fitting various spectroscopic and thermochemical data. A few p q e s are devoted to men- tioning various methods for improving on Hiickel theory.

Unfortunately, the hook contains many incorrect and misleading statements. A few examples may he mentioned here. On p. 7 the author states that a free part,i- cle cannot be at rest, but must have non- sero momentum; in fact there is no reason to exclude the solution for zero momen- tum. The table of hydrogenic wave functions on p. 37 will certainly leave a student with the impression that the real 2p. and 2p, wave functions are to be asso- ciated with the values +1 and - 1 of the magnetic quantum number m. Later on the author does say that this is not really true, hut without ever indicating any re- lationship between the quantum numbers and angular momentum. The list of orbitals for homonuclear diatomic mole- cules on p. 90 makes the same error as many freshman texts in placing the 2pr orbital lower in energy than the Zp,. The normal order is the reverse, as shown, for example, by the ground states of C2 and Nn+. On p. 6 3 the author refers to the self-consistent field method as giving the "most complete and accurate calcula- tions!' This is far from true. The Born- Oppenheimer approximation is mentioned on p. 68, hut no student would grasp the nature of this very important concept from the description given. Another dis- appointing feature of the hook is the lack of any references in the text. This is only slightly remedied by a page of suggested further readings at the end of the book.

In summary, the book is a fairly good introduction to Huckel theory for conju- gated organic molecules. On the other hand, this reviewer cannot recommend i t as s text for an introductory course in quantum theory as the student would get too many wrong idea shout the funda- mentals.

S. J. STRICKLER Univwsitz, of Colorado

Boulder

Practical Manual of Gas Chromatography

Edited by Jean T~anchant, Laboratoire Central des Poudres, Paris. American Elsevier Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 1969. xix + 387 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23 om. $30.

This book is the Erst English translation of the second French edition. The trans-

lation has permitted some revision and the addition of some references. The most recent references me from 1968. Six Frenchmen (including the editor who wrote four chapters) have contributed the nine chapters. They write with authority and draw on their extensive experience in evaluating the literature. The coverage is wide although no hook of this size could he exhaustive. It has a European flavor which is natural. About 1600 references are included, doubtlessly some of them duplicates.

Probably the most useful chapter is the last one, Application and Techniques, 92 pages long, by Serpinet. In it, laboratory procedures are given for eleven types of samples. Thus this book is not as com- plete in this type of practical information as Burchfield and Storrs ("Biochemicd Applications of Gas Chromatography," Academic, 1962). Rather i t is more nearly comparable to the book edited by Ettre and Zlatkis ("The Practice of Gas Chromatography," Interscience, 1967). An over-ridine consideration in the com- pariwn of t h ~ ~ I W D h m k l : i i that b:ttrp i~ abut LOO pngri longer and vu.1.i :xl>out 515 less.

Indeed, any book of less than 400 pages which costs $30 had better he a very good one. Unhappily Tranchant does not measure up. The paper in this book is of poor quality except for thirty pages near the beginning, which for some reason are printed on a better quality. The refer- ences at the end of each chapter are arranged differently in each chapter and none of them is very logical. This is especially unfortunate since there is no overall author index, and the subject index is poor. A short section on the literature of gas chromatography is not as well done as that by Ettre.

The hook contains needless duplica.tion of which the following is typicd In Chapter N, Apparatus, it says; "In order to make & so-called 'traditional' column, tubes of stainless steel, copper, glass, or plastic material may be used. The rea- sons for chdosing a particular material are dealt with in Chapter V." The relevant one-half page in Chapter V, Columns, begins with "Columns may he prepared from stainless steel (soft), copper, alumi- num, or glass (silver and plastic materials are seldom used)!' There is no need to repeat this type of information, hut since the editor took time in Chapter IV to note this cross-reference, he should have at least seen to it that the sentences were consistent.

Most of the useful information in this book, like the tables and procedures, are also included in Ettre's book which would make a less expensive reference work. For individual student use, McNair and Banelli's book ("Basic Gas Chromatog- raphy;' Varian Aerograph, 1969) also contams much valuable practical informa- tion at alower price ($5).

JAMES M. MILLER Drew University Madison, N. J.

(Continued on page A 116)

A1 12 / Journal of Chemical Education

book reviews Approximate Molecular Orbital Theory

John A. Popre, Carnegie-Mellon Uni- versity; and David L. Bewidge , City University of New York. McGraw- Hill Book Company, New York, 1970. viii + 214 pp. Figs. and tables. 15 X 23.5 om. $10.

Although r electron molecular orbital theory is quite successful in elucidating many chemical and physical properties of planar conjugated molecules, many at- tempts to calculate those of nonplanar molecules with the r electron molecular orbital methods were also considerably successful. However, ss Dewar points out (see Dewar's "The Molecular Orbital Theory of Organic Chemistry") r electron MO theory is still of limited chemical value; it cannot even be applied to reac- tions of conjugated molecules since transi- tion states do not normally have the sym- metry necessary far the r electron MO approximation to he applicable, nor can it be applied to many problems concerning the behavior of nonconjugated molecules, such as conformational equilibria and steric hindrance. Furthermore, the suc- cess of nonplanar molecular calculations was restricted to very limited series of molecules. Therefore, one of the main features of recent semiempirical quantum chemical calculations is the growing in- terest in extensions and modilicrttions of the r electron MO theory to include all

valence electrons in the calculation. The present book is the first textbook to present the theory and methodology of approximate SCF-MO theory for all valence electrons.

The authon begin their presentation with a brief discussion on quantum mechanical background; then follows a description of self-consistent field molec- ular orbital theory. The energy expres- sion for a dosed-shell configuration, the Hsrtree-Fock equations for molecular orbitals and LCAO molecular orbitals for closed-shell and open-shell systems me discussed. Hydrogen fluoride has been used as an example to illustrate the LCAO- SCF method. After presenting these backgrounds of SCF MO theory, then approximate molecular orbital thwries are introduced. The development of CNDO and INDO methods is stressed. The pro- cedures of these methods are presented in a quite extensive manner. NDDO method is also described. In the last chapter of this book, CNDO and INDO methods are amdied to calculate and intemret molec- . . .~ ~~

u l ~ r geumerrie~, eleetnmic rharge dlrribu- Lids, rIe(.tron-PP~II mtd I I I I V I P L I I . ~ ~ ~ inter- avtions, lwlear q,ilt and nrlrlear spin interactions, etc. Listings of computer programs for the actual carrying out of the calculations are included in the appendix.

Throuahout the book, the nresent* tions a< clear and easy to follo'w. This book contains the best discussion of this growing field I have ever seen. It is not only an excellent textbook for students hut also a useful reference for research workers. The authors' insights on various problems

in this field make this book valuable to research chemists. The hook should b e long on the shelf of every quantum chem- ist.

YUH KANG PAN Boston College

Chestnut Hill, Mass. 02167

Radiation Protection and Senriliration

Edited by Harold Morosm, Sloan - Ket- tering Institute for Cancer Research, Rye, New York, and Maxello Quintili- m i , Instituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome. Barnes and Noble, Inc., New York, 1960. xvi + 524 pp. Figs. and tables. 19 X 27 cm. $25.

This volume contains the proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Radiosemitivity and Radioprotective Drugs held a t the Istituo Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy, May, 1969. The mog.orraph is conqwsed d ;r~esrch rcsdt.i obtained . i r m the fird nlreting, which was held I U 1964. and corn~risc; tivr review leo- tures, and 68 invitedAand contributed pa- pers representing the work of 162 scien- tists from 20 countries. The hook is writ- ten in English.

Authors of individual papers and reviews have prepared them well; an introduction to the subject, experimental section (refer- enced), results and discussion of the results in terms of related researoh efforts are p r e sented in each section. The five review articles serve to provide the reader s broader view of this vast area. of research

(Continued m page A 118)

A1 16 / Journal of Chemicol Education

book reviews which encompasses the fields of organic chemistry, radiation research, and molec- ular hiology. These articles precede the main or ti on of the monograph which deals with mare specific research topics. The editors have organized the contributions in a systematic fashion and have included a subject and author index. Participants in the symposium sre also organized on the basis of countrv in the beginning of the vol- - - ume.

Topid reviewed involve the molecular mechenisms of cellular radio-sensitization and protection, the repsir of DNA and the mode of action of these compounds, di& cussion of clinical investigations of halo- genated pyrimidine analogs and radiosensi- tization and the protection of biological svstems from ionizina radiation by sulfur - - containing compounds and those not wn- taining this element (hypaxic agents and autonomic amines). Papers are classified biologically with 8 wnsidering molecular processes, 27 involved with protection and sensitization in single cells and 17 with multicellulm systems, 10 wnsidering the biochemistry and pha~mawlogy of protec- tive and sensitizing compounds, and 4 in- volved with clinicel investigations. While most of these topics have been previously reviewed in a number of texts and journals owing to the rapid growth of information, this volume is timely, interesting to read, and informative. Unfortunately, it is al- ready one year old.

This monograph should he included in chemically and biologically oriented li- braries serving research interests in free radical processes (in vitro and in viva), radi- ation research, cellular biology and hio- chemistry, c a n m therapy, and drugs. In addition to its obvious usefulness in re- search, this work can serve as an idea source for a multitude of chemically and biologically oriented senior thesis problems and may be utilized es a reference far infor- mation to he incorporated into the free radical chemistry section of undergraduate and graduate organic (and especially or- gan-biochemistry) courses and for out- side lecture reading awignments. All pa- pers and reviews are referenced. Al- though much of this volume is probably too advanced for the average undergradu- ate student, superior students in chemistry could conceivably gain muoh from reading selected papers and reviews. A knowl- edge of organic and biochemistry is a pre- reauisite to thorouehlv understanding this vofume. A biology major with no o%snic chemical background would find most of this work virtually impossible to under- stand except in a. very qualitative sense.

In light, of the previous suggestions, this reviewer recommends the purchase of this monograph by undergraduate chemistry libraries. Such a purchase would he worthwhile if lecture material for organic - major and, in particular, organic courses designed for students entering the hiologi- cal sscienoes or other areas were abstracted from it and subsequently, reading assign- ments were made.

DONALD T. WITIAK College of Pharmacy

The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 43810

A1 18 / Journal of Chernicol Education

John Dalton and the Atomic Theory

Elizabeth C. Patterson, Albertus Magnus College, New Haven, Connecticut. Doubleday and Ca., Inc., Garden City, New York, 1970. X + 348 pp. 15 X 22 cm. Hardbound, $6.95; softbound, $1.95.

The 10-page Bibliography of hooks and papers by and about Dalton and his scwmplishments published in English (items in other languages have not been included) give an indication that this is not a. neglected topic. However the author's text reveds clearly that she has resd and digested thii previous literature snd used it well in constructing her very readable and interesting hook. The more than forty illustrations add significantly. Furthemiore the issuance of a cheap paperback edition was a wise move and should aid in bringing this text into many libraries and private collections. If a library is to wntain only one hook on Dalton and his theory the vohtme under review should he chosen; larger wllections should expand their holdings by adding this most recent book.

John Ddton (1776-1844) pioneer phys- icd chemist and meteorologist, who is best known as "the father of the modern atomic theory" was largely self-educated and spent most of his life as a teacher of mathematics and science in small schools or as a private instructor. For many years he faithfully recorded weather data and left approximately 200,000 such measurements. He was interested in the physical behavior of gases and his law of partial pressures is an important wn- trihution. He devised a. series of picto- graphic representations of the various atomic species hut this was soon sup- planted by the Berselian system which is still in use. He depmted from the ancient notions by insisting that each atomic species wa? characterized by an "atomic weight" and so quantified reactions. His insistence on the weight aspects brought him into conflict with such men as Davy, Berzelius, Berthollet, and Gay-Lussac, who accepted volnme relat,ionships as of prime importance.

Dalton was not a polished speaker, he had a poor pltatform manner but nonetheless was frequently invited to deliver courses of lectures. He published only one book of consequence, namely his "A New Sydem of Chemical Philosophy" (Volume 1, 1808, Volume 2, 1810). Practically all of his worthwhile work had been published by the time he was 35 though he lived to he 68. Like his elder brother Jonathan, Dalton suffered from color blindness, a. defect that is still known as daltonism. Though he certainly would have disapproved, he was given a state funeral, a n d a t least 40,000 viewed his remains, though his eyes had been re- moved in 8. vain attempt to discover the reason for his colorhlindness.

The author is well known in history of science circles. She has published ex- cellent work and is a good teacher. She has taken the existing literature on Dalton as a foundation, and.has added the fruits of her own investigations and after five years of work has produced a

book that is deserving of a wide circu- lation.

RALPH E. OESPER University of Cincinnati Cineinnati, Ohio, 46S81

Otto Hahn-Eine Bilddokumentalion

E m t Bhinger, Heinz Moos Verlt~g, Hartnagelstrasse 11. 8032 Grafeling vor M"nchen, West Germany, 1969. 108 pp. 137 illustrations. 22 X 24 cm. DM 18 (= approx. $5).

Otto Hahn (1879-19681, outstanding German nuclear chemist, was best known for his discovery (with the collaboration of F. Strassmann) of the fission of uranium atoms when bomberded with neutrons. He had no part in the subsequent misuse of his fundamental discovery and i t was reported, though erroneously, that he had seriously considered wmmitting suicide when informed of the dropping of the atom bombs an Hiroshima. and Nagasaki. Numerous other successes had come to him and he rightfully received many honors including the Nobel and the Enrico Fermi Prizes. He was known throughout the world of the physical sciences; he visited with and corresponded with many of the world's leading scientists. He was trained under Ilutherford, lectured a t Cornell, and risked his position during the Hitler regime through his efforts on behalf of the Jews. He lived to he slmost 90 and was active almost to the end. He was a useful public servant and 8. true friend of mankind. Hahnium has been sug- gested as the name for element 105. These feats and interests are reflected in and add much to the interest and value of the hook under review here.

A review of Hahn's "Scientific Auto- biography" (translated and edited by Willy Ley) appeared in THIS JOURNAL, 44, A611 (1967). The. present hook con- stitutes a. kind of supplement and presents an objective rather than a subjective pic- ture of Hahn and his work. The attrac- tiveness of this handsome though inex- pensive volume resides in the wealth of its illustrations. Hitherto unpublished pho- tographs of Hahn with prominent scien- tists, facsimiles of letters, diary pages, telegrams, notebooks, etc., make this hook a joy to look at. These pictures provide an insight into the career and life of this famous man that cennot he gotten otherwise. The author has obviously spent much time in the search for material and the selection of the items from the immense mass of available items could not have been easy. The German text is not difficult to follow. However the pictures are the thing here and should interest even those chemists and physicists who have little command of the German language. Unfortunately there are errors that could have been avoided hv more

collections.

RALPHE. OESPER University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio 45819

(Continued on page A 180)

book reviews

H. A f . Ra~icn. "Heidelherger Tawhen- bucher, Band 53." Springer-Verlag, Inc., New York, 1969. viii X 123 pp. $2.4.5.

This hook (in German) contains approxi- mately 1OOO "practice questions," and aordd he suitRble as a review for a gradu- ate dodent ~ r e ~ x r i n g for a preliminary examination in biochemistry. Selecfrd questions muld Relve for undergraduates or medical students.

Most of the questions take the form of a dialogl~e-i.e., the statement of n qnes- tion, and then x comment on the presumed answer, or, in some cases, a hint. I n this way, the questions serve to cause the st~tdent to think more deeply, or to search for additional information. This is not R.

hook for n quick review; i t takes time to rend the questions, and m w h mmo ttme to reflect on them, hot in the opinion of this reviewer it is certainly worth-while to do so.

The int,roduction states that the ques- tions are hased on Karlaon ("Introduction to Modern Biochemistry") and M%hler and Kordes ("Biologied Chemi~tly"), hnt the coverage is much hroader than that, including, among other things, osmotic pressnre, kinetics and catalysis, free energy, and various aspects of physiology. Some of the qnestions are very general (Whnt do yon know ahout osmotic pres- snre, end the laws governing it?), and some are very specific (Give three color reactions of tryptophan). I n general, however, the coverage is broader hut less detailed than that found in such assem- blages of questions as Moshach's "Bio- rhemistry Review." All of the important topics in biochemistry seem to be covered; indeed, there is considerable dnplicat,ion and overlap of the questions.

The reviewer recommends that the teacher select those questions which he deems worthy of emphasis, rather than m~igning the hook as a whole. The seri- 011s student, however, may regard i t as a challenge to know all the answers.

One further possihle use of the book might he a? x somee of examination ques- tions, or of inspiration for examination questions.

Chemie fiir ~ediziner-~bungrfragen

H. M . R a u m "Heidelherger Taschen- hiicher, Band 32.'' Springer-Verlag, Inc., New York, 1969. viii + 64 pp. $1.95.

This is a companion volume to the "BiachemistrJ~-Pmctice Questions" re- viewed ahove. I t covers the entire range of chemistry-inorganic, organic, physi- cal, and analytical, with additional ques- tions on chemical procedures and chemical apparatus.

To an American reviewer with experi- ence in medical schools, the hook seems wrongly titled; one hardly ever enconn- lers a medical stndent with anything like the knowledge of chemistry required t,o answer all of these questions, or even most of them. The hook would, however, con-

stitnte an excellent way of preparing for a senior comprehensive examination for the chemistry major, i t heing understood that the general questions "cover the water- front," hut that the specific questions me only illustrative (dt.lthough the student should he able to answer almost all of them).

This hook, too, might serve the teacher hoth as a source of examinabion questions, and also as n check list of both the ma- terials and the concepts which he should he teaching.

St. Lawrence Universit?~ Canton, N . Y .

Sinnbild der Chemie

Herbert 1V. Franke. Bitsilius Presse. Basel, 1966. 148 pp. Figs. and plates: 58Sfr. ($13.50).

This volume may prove oseful for its 69 magnificent plates of models of mole- cules and crystrtls, all full or half-page, and many of them in color.

Although the text ia in German, captions of the plates and fignres are given in English and Preneh a s well. The fact that the extended descriptions of the plates are collected a t the hack of the hook is an inconvenience. Whnt is worse is that the descriptions are not as informative as they should he; someone familiar with the subject would probnhly be required to describe the salient featut'es to a uovice. However, the hook does constitute a handy collection of pictures, and the plates are beautifully printed.

There are also some 30 pages of text on the structure of atoms and molecules, covering both methods of determining structure, and the methods of representing structure which are exemplified in the plates. The coverage is hoth experi- mental and philosophicd, and includes the historical development of the field. Again, the text would hardly serve to introduce the subject to a beginner, hut, i t does oonstitote an interesting refresher course for one who has already studied the material.

PETER OP:SPRR St. Lawrence University Canton, Arm York

Experimentelle Schulchemie

Franz Rukatsch and Wolfgang Gldckner, Mnnich (editors) with a. staff of 14 co- workers. Aulis Verlag Deubner & Co Kiiln (Cologne) West Germany. Band I, Anorgenische Chemie I (Nicht- metdle) prepared by Erieh Iladtr, Stuttgart; Hugo Kdrperth, Wien (Vi- enna), Austria; and Roderich Seheer, Berlin. 1969. viii + 202 pp. Line drawingii. 17 X 23 em. DM 36 (= approx. $9.8). Band 11, Anorgan- ische Chemie (Niehtmetalle 11) pre- pared by Wolfgang Gldckner, Munich; Herrnann Klie, Bremen; and Roderich Schecr. Berlin. 1970. ix + 229 pp. Diagrams. 17 X 23 em. D M 40 (= approx. $11).

These are the opening volumes of a projected 6-volnme series that within the next few years will cover the laboratory or

demonstration aspects of inorganic, an* lytical! physical, and organic chemistry. Each ~llustretive and typical experiment will be accompanied by a concise and well thought out statement of the principles underlying the experiments that have been selected with the benefit, of trials and ex- periences. The subject matter will deal with chemistry as taught at, the high school and junior college levels though much of the material is fitting for same senior col- lege and perhaps grad~uate work, where chemistq enters the picbnre a% a minor subject. An estimate of the time re- quired for each exercise is a handy featwe and the line diagrams lure most nsefol. Ample references to the literature are given, though a3 might he expected Qer- man murces predominate.

The experiments are graded ss to diffi- culty and range from fairly simple to rather sophisticated procedures. Some are designed for individunl work, others for groups of varying sizes, and experi- ments suitable for demonstrntion purposes to lecture classes are also included. Many of the exercises are qnant,it,ative and the sample cdculntions serve to illustrate the proper modes of keeping a laboratory notebook.

Volume I deals with general laws, water, air. and the snlfor emon: Volume I1 con- tinues with the <alo&s, the nitrogen gronp (N, P, As), and closes with the carbon group (C, Si, Ge) and boron. Various preparation procedures are given and also andyticd exercises and synthetic procedures. The voh~mes give ample evidence of meticulous care and testify as to the great amount of time spent on these exercises hoth in the laboratory and a t the writing desk. German-reading chemistry teachers should have these volumes available; they will he vnloahle aids when working up new or special laboratory courses, lecture demunslrz- tians, and particulaly whm giving extra assignments to the extr*gifted students.

RALPH E. OESPER University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio 45281

Introduction to Quantum Concepts in Spectroscopy

W. G . Laidlaw, Universit,y of Cnlgnry, Calgary, Canads. MeGmw-Hill Book Co., Ino., New York, 1970. xix + 240 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 om. $9.95.

This hook is designed for n first. eonrse in quantum mechanics to he taught a t the sophomore or junior level. I t is, hy design, much less rigorous bhsn the texts eom- monly used for seniors and first-year graduate students. Prinoiples of qimn- tom mechanics are developed in the early chapters and then applied to a variety of spectroscopic problems. Knowledge of calculus and diffcrentinl equations is riot a prerequisite, slthongh the student will have to evsluat,e n few derivatives in order to cover the entire book. Among the bet,ter features of t,his hook are the eleven dry-lab projeots scattered throughout the text. Each project cansistii of eight to twelve connected problems and enough

(Continued on page A 122)

A120 / lournol o f Chemical Education

book reviews

dennriptive m.ztorinl to make x very good *elf-study exercise.

The fiwt chapter provides some of t,he histo~ionl basis for qmntnm theory, de- scribes generalized spectroscopic experi- m e ~ t s and applies the Schriidinger equa- lion to the one dimensional particle-in-a hox. Footnotes and references which should he useful for the more serious sttldent are used generonsly in this chapter (nnd not,, ,mfort,lnately, in the rest of the hook). Although the Schriidinger eqw- tion is derived in an illnminntinp fashion, discussions of such ftrndnmentals as the uncertainty principle and prapesties of the wave function seem to he intended lo develop problem solving ability (in the plopin sense) rather then understanding.

The second chapter applies principles to simple systems ineloding the harmonic oseillntor, rigid rotor, hydrogen atom, and moleculnr orhitnls of diatomic molecnles. There is very little rigor in the treatments of the harmorlie oseillatov mrd rigid rotor. Many solrllions are obtained by sleight-of- hand wilh few referencm to assist the interesled student. Tho scctian on molec- ldar orhitals will be very nseful for under- eraduates a t this level.

energies associated with various degrees of freedom are clearly described and the section on nmr will supplement the work in many orgmiic chemistry ooourses.

The discussion of tlm~sitions in the following ohnpter builds on the separation of variables and wave functions treated ea~lier and introduces the time-dependent Schriidinger eqnation in 3 very clear man- ner.

Low resolution m ~ d high resolution spectra are nnalysed in the final chapter. Many good problems are presented in this chapter and the slndent is given ample opportunity to derive molecular constants from spectroscopic data.

While it is certainly easy, and perhaps common, to offer a course in quantum mechanics that is rigorous to the point of heing uninteresting to the undergrsd- nate, to same the present work may err on the side of heing so nonrigarans that it lacks credibility. A smnll amount of hlaokhoard wo1.k on the part of the in- structor could minimize this shortcoming. For instance, the vnrixtional treatment could hnve been done in terms which would have permitted considerntion of AB spin systems in nmr and a more meaningful disewsion of heterommlear diatomic mole- coles. The hook is relatively free nf errors. The student mav be eonfnsed bv the dabs

sve in error and an nnconventional sign is used for the centrifugal distortion con- stant.

This hook shodd provide the basis for 8. good sophomore qunntnm mechanics course. However, I do not feel that i t makes ntfficient use of college mathe- maties to stand as the only qnantum

mechaniw text in an undergraduate ehem- istry crmicnlum.

S.\MUEL S. BUTCHER Bmodoin College

Brunswick, Maine

NMR Spectroscopy in Organic Chemistry

B. I . Ionin and B. A . Ershou, Lensovet Institute of Technology, Leningrad. Translated by C. Nigel Turlon and Tatiana I . Turton. Plenum Press, New York, 1970. x + 382 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. $25.

This hook has been tmnslated into English from the original Rnssinn edition (1967). I t consists of six chapters (Fun- damentals, Chemical Shifts, Spin-Spin Coupling, Analysis of Complex Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra, NMR Spec- tra and the Struct,ure of Orgnaic Mole- cules, Applicationof NMRSpectrosoopy in Various Fields of Organic Chemistry) and s n appendix. There is au wpendix, a brief Index, and numerous referenoes, of which 90 to 95% refer to jourllals pub- lished in the English language.

The apparent purpose of the book is the presentation of the fundamentals of nmr with the minimum requirement of mathe- matical and physical bnckgromd on the part of the reader.

The place of this hook in the nmr litera- ture is not clear. The books by Becker snd Bovey are mare appropriate as text hooks, since each of these contsins more examples of spectra and bebter collections of nmr data. Jaekman and Sternhill give a better suney of the avdilahle literature data, t,hough their theory is less complete. Ionin and Frshov have x tendency to assume that the reader's background is more complete than that of a neophite. Far example, there is no clear definition of magnetically eqnivalent and nonequivalent nuclei, though tthi concept h one of the mare difficult to grasp.

Usually, after a. osreful rereading of a. section, the information that is essential can he found. However, the emphasis, which is so useful for the student, is miss- ing.

In view of the high price ($25) and the lack of s. uniaue contribution to the field of nmr, the reviewer does not recommend this book for the organic chemist'? lihrary.

JOHN D. REINHEIMER The College of Wooater

Woasler, Ohio 44691

Dictionary of Organic Compounds, Sixth Supplement, 1970

Edited by J. B. Thornson. 4th ed. Oxford University Press, New York, 1970. 280 pp. 26.8 X 20 om. $29.

This sixth supplement generally follows the pattern of the earlier work, but focuses on papers published in 1969 and makes corrections to the fifth supplement. A formula. index of all new compounds and corrected formulas are innovations in this volume. A more com~lete formula index of the main work and ;he Mth supplement is also being prepared.

A few minor changes in the nomencla- ture have also been introduced.

JANET B. VANDOREN Collage o j Woosler

li'ooster, Ohio

Handbook of Organomelallic Compounds

Edited by Nohm Hagiham, Osaka Uni- versity, Makoto firnarla, Kyoto Uni- versity, and Rokwa Okawam, Osaka University. W. A. Benjamin, Inc., New York, 1968. xviii + 1044 pp. 16 X 23.: cm. $45.

This volume is intended to he a general reference book of t,he organo-metallic compound7 of both noutransition and transition metith. Fundamental data, such as physical properties, soluhilily, reactivity, uses, methods of preparation, and references, are given for 1700 eom- pounds. Each section is int~.oduced by a short discussion of the generel properties of t,he compounds in the gl.oup.

Pa1.t I1 is a. glossary of terms wed in orgnnometallic chemistry.

Each compound is listed by it* strnc- tural formula and then indexed by name.

JANI~T B. V.\NDOREN College of lIrousler

Wonnier, Ohm

Thermal Analysis. Volume 1, Inrtrumentation, Organic Materials, and Polymers. Volume 2, Inorganic Materials and Physical Chemistry

Edited by Robert F . Schwenker, Jr., Johnson and Johnson, hlilltown, N. J., mid P a d D. Cam, University of Akron, Ohio. Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1969. Vol. 1, xxiii + 706 + 11 pp. Vol. 2, xxiii + 803 + I1 pp. Figs. and tables. 16.5 X 23.6 cm. 819.50 each volume.

This book consists of the offset repro- ductions of the manuscripts presented at, the Second International Conference on Thermal Analysis held a t Holy Cross College, Worcester, Mass., on August 1&23, 1968. Of the 95 papers included in the two volumes, 27 we in Advances in Instmmentation, 17 in Organic Mate- rials, Including Polymers, 19 in Inorganic Materials and Metallurgy, 15 in Physical Chemistry, 6 in Minerals, and 11 in Ap- plied Sciences. Included in the Ap- pendixes are Recommendations for Re- porting of Thermal Analysis, Recom- mendations for Nomenclature in Thermal Analysis, and A Report from the Commit- tee on Standardization, International Confederation for Thermal Anslysia.

While some of the papers leave much to be desired from an experimental and theoretical viewpoint, this book is vdusble as a reference work in the field of thermal analysis. At the price of the two com- bined volumes, the book will probably he purchased ms,inly through libraries.

W. W. WENDLANDT University of Houston Houston, Tez. 77004

(Continued on page A 188)

A122 / Journol of Chemical Educofion

book reviews Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Second Edition-Part 2

A. H. Beckett, University of London, and J. B. Stenlake, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow. 2nd ed. Uni- versity of London Athlone Press, London, 1970. 425 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 25.2 cm. $12.50.

The phrase "Second Edition-Part Two" of the title is a result of the rather complete revision of the first edition which has led to the inolusiou of muoh new material and to the production of the revision in two aeparate parts. This second omt is desienrd to cover the needs of the advanced student.

This book wonld serve as a suitable text for s. comse in instrumental techniques or as a useful reference book for either the student or the graduate chemist who wants an introduction to a, variet,y of techniques. The topics covered include molecular weight determinations, polarim- etry, refraotometry, viscosit,y, surface tension, particle size analysis, chroma- tography (column, paper, thin layer, and gas), measurement of emf and pH, eanductimetric titrations, polarography, emission and absorption spectra, speetro- fluorimetry, infrared, nmr and mass spectre, and radioohemicd techniques. The coverage of most of these tnpics includes some theoretical background, instrumentation, and specific experiments. This type of presentation is particularly useful to t,he chemist who is not an expert in any or all of t,hese fields b r ~ t who hss an occasional need to use some of them. This hook is to he vecammended as n handy one volume desk reference for srrch s. chemist. He will usually he able to jrtdge for himself, after reading the approprint,e seotians of this hook, whether n given technique will be useful to him for solving the problem a t hand. The specific experiments described will often serve as models for the experiments required in one's own research. The references a t the end of each section will provide the reader with additional in- formation when needed. Some experts in the arexs covered by this book might not be satisfied with the coverage afforded their areas, hot this hook, of course, does not plwport to be s definitive treatment on each topic. On thc other hand it does provide n good intvodnetian to each topie and will usually provide all the information t,he reader needs to know in order to otilise a new technique.

Wit,h regard to some techniques, smh as molea~lar weight determinations, t,he methods described in this hook (e.g., freesing point. depression) are likely to be supplsnt,ed in the futnre by mass spectra and gel permeetion chromatography. One of the few shortcomings of this book is lack of coverage of gel permeation chromatography (the only mention of Sephadedex is under thin-layer chromatog- raphy). However, the hook is generally up-to-date: much recent work is included.

This hook, although designed for pharmeceutical chemistry, osn be recom- mended its a suitable text for a, chemistry

course in physical methods if the teacher does not object to the heavy use of bio- logical or pharmaceutical materials in the experimental procedures which are de- scribed. The book is also to he recom- mended ss a good first-choice place to look for information on a wide variety of physical methods.

Partners in Science: Letters of James Wan and Joseph Black

Edited with Introduction and Notes by Erie Robinson, University of Man- chester, England, and Douglas McKie. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1970. xvi + 502 pp. Illustrations. 14.5 X 22 em. $12.50.

This volume contains the texts of 260 letters, mostly written to or received by three eminent Scattiah leaders in science, engineering, and university teaching. So much has been published about the lives and caseem of James Watt (1736- 1819) and Joseph Black (1728-1799) that there is no need of repetition here. The third member of the trio was John Rohison (1739-1805) who like Watt was Black's student., and who not only succeeded the latter hut after Black's death edited and published his lectures (1803) under the title "Elements of Chemistry." Watt and Robison were close friends. I n addition to the letters noted ahove, the present volume contains some letters to and from other persons because they shed additional light on matters of then current interest.. The letters extend from Janoary 10, 1768, to March 1, 1815; they have been obtained from a number of sources. Some have been published previously, others appear here in print for the first time. Part 2 of the book is made up of about 50 pages devoted to a notebook kept by Wntt and recording his experiments on heat. This will appeal particularly to specialists.

Since the letters were all written before fhe typewriter age, their transcription must surely have been no easy task. Some were copied from the original manuscript copy, but others were available only from copies made by means of Watt's copying machine, an emly representative of a device that now can he fonnd in most business offices. Metienlous credit in given to the source in each imtance. The editors exhihit their competence by the notes they have supplied in which they clarify points that may puzzle many readers. The Index is excellent and pro- vides a good guide through the pnges.

I n t,he introductory chapter of his "Grosse Manner" (1910), Wilhelm Ost- wald discusses the value and importance of collections of letters when evaluating the accomplishments and the l iva of scientists. I n these the men are far more open in expressing their opinions of their contemporaries and the gestating or currenttheories; they often "let their hair

down" and reveal themselves much more plainly than they do in composing mate- rial that is destined for publication. The let.ters included in the present volume follow this pattern; a wide var ie t ,~ of topics is included and the human side of these men is exposed. Herein lies the charm of this book. I t is recommended for purchase especially by school lihraries.

RrmH E. OI:SPER Cnivcrsity of Cfncfnnati Cinrinnnti. Ohio L 5 B P 1

Die Beriihmten Erthder, Phyriker und lngenieure

Louis Leprince Ringuet, Ocolc Poly- technique, Paris, editor, assisted by s staff of 80 scholars from various countries, and an Introduction by Reinhold Mannkopj, Glittingen Uni- versity. Aulis V e h g Deubner & Co. Kiiln (Cologne) West Germany, 1968. 476 pages of text plus 160 pages of illust,rat,ions. 22.5 X 31.0 om. DM 98 + postage ( - hpprox. $27.50) in toto.

This exceptionally fine quaai-history of physics and its technical and industrial developments is based on the 1946 French work "Inventews Cekbres" (published in 1946 by Mazenod], but thoroughly re- vised and brought almost up-to-date far the present German edition. The essays stem from French, Germm, Italian, English, and American authors and have been put into easily read German. These writers include Nobel Lnnrextes and in many caqes the biographers are equal to or superior to their snhjects with respect to ability and popnlnr esteem. The material has been divided into twenty main subjects, each intrad~xed hy an enlightening and comprehensive essay. The account extends'from the earliest era to space exploration hut ends prior to the actual landings on and return from the moon.

Much of the account is clothed in the guise of brief but adequate biographical essays, somewhst reminiscent of Brigge's "Das Buch der grossen Chemiker" or Farber's "Great Chemists." The selec- tion of whom to include or to omit in such volumes is always a thorny problem, and in the present instance 109 persons have been chosen. Some of them are not familiar to chemical readeta. The chem- ists who have been singled out me those who have been active in the border zones, i.e., physical chemis1.a or ohernical phys- icists. In all oases, these individunls have been the subject of hiographical brestment and full page likenesses of most are included. These pictures alone are worth the mice of the hook. The hat, ~~~ ~

80 pages are given over to useful charts and compilations.

This hook is filled with valuable in- formation, presented in a most readable way. I t is manufactured in an out- standing fashion

RALPH E. OE~PER Unlversittj of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio, &,5@?1

(Continued on page A 188)

A126 / Journal o f Chemical Education

book reviews Spectral Analysis: Methods and Techniques

Edited hy James A . Blackburn, Uni- versity of Weterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. M ~ r c e l Dekker, Ine., New York, 1970. xi + 289 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 em. 815.7.5.

"Spectral Analysis" is best described as a collection of essays on some important sweets of linear anzlysis and numerical filtering, and some applications of these sobieets. This book should serve as a fair introduction to spectral analysis for the novice, and might serve as s, handy reference and (less SO) & bibliogmphy for the mare experienced reader. Most im- portant,, in theory and practical example, "Spectral Analysis" is interdisciplinary.

The first three of the eight chapters are devoted to developing a conceptual hasis for spectral analysis. The notion of a spectrum is operat,ionally defined in terms of periodicities in the aut,ocorrelstion of stochastic processes. This is, in principle, a fine approach, but this reviewer found that in addition to a glaring editorial error, the text in Chapter I was often beset with n lack of both mathemat,ical and intuitive depth. For example, while the concept of stationarity is well developed, ergodicity as an explicit srthject is ignored. In foc niation, trnnsfer functions, sampling and aliasing are rather well developed in Chapter I, nnd further . developed in Chapters I1 and 111.

Chapter I1 is more specific and more satisfying to the reader. Three modes of analysis are presented: analysis by least squares, analysis by weighting functions, and analysis hy orthogonal (Fourier) ex~snsion. The section on analvsis bv

equations, and some smatterings of matrix algebra. The lea4 squares analysis is broken into two subsections, the first. covering t,he case where t,he reference set is complete, and the second covering the case where the reference set is incomplete. The section on weighting functions ex- amines some weighted least squares tech- niques, and in an example, questions their usefulness. With s. brief comment noting that best fit, in the least squares sense, of a finite series to a continuous function is the finite Fourier expansion of the fonc- tion, the author brings the reader into Fourier (in particular, sisoidal) analysis. The relationship of the Fourier coefficient matrix to the least squares coefficient matrix is noted, and the orthogonality of the Fourier coefficients is demonstrated. Finally, the hlichelson interferometer is chosen aq s. practical example of Fomier Transform spectroscopy.

Chapter 111 is an excellent presentation of some of the more modern problem of "the smoothing, interpolation and ext.rap- olation of data!' Quantization errom, sampling requirements and concepts of numerical filters are treated well and in some detail. Filter design is especially well covered; several examples of gen- erating carefully controlled transfer func-

tions using polynomial techniques are worked out in detail. Low pass, high p a s , band pass, differentiating and integrating filters a1.e discussed, including both the amplitude and phnse transfer charac- teristim of some of these filters.

As Chapters I, 11, 111 set the grormd- work, Chapters IV-VIII develop applica- tions over several field of study: p ~ ~ l s e height analysis (IV), biological applica- tions (V), activation analysis (VI), mass spectroscopy (VII), and gamma. ray spectroscopy (VIII). While different readers will be attracted to dimerent snb- iects. each indeed advances the discussion " , of the early chapters and pioves informa- tive. Chapter IV provides the most, detail, and in fact includes both theoretiral discussion and details of the computer prognm designed to implement the analysis. The chapter on neutron active, tion analysis inelodes a discussion on linear programming and the simplex method. The chapter on mass spectros- copy provides t,he render wit,h n solid working example of the least s q ~ ~ ~ ~ e s technique.

In summary, most parts of this book are well done, but same parts are dissatisfying. The role of orthogonality in the trans- mission of information is not a t all dis- cussed: therefore. the use of matrices in

concepts are not stressed well enough. In addition, the bibliographies should be much stronger. The material of Chapter

(Continued on oaoe A 1.70)

A 128 / Journal of Chemical Education

book reviews 11, for instance, has been covered differ- ently and in greeter depth by other authors, and certainly the reader could benefit, by reference to them. Finally, while Chapter 111 contains perhaps some of the best mst,erid in t,he book, its ref- erences are not, in general, widely avail- able, and the bibliography of Chapter 111 ignores entirely the recent works of Gold, Rader, Stockholm, etc., on digital filter design in the complexZ-plane.

CHARLES T. FOSKBTT Digilab, Inc.

2.77 Pulnam Aue. Cambridge, Mass. 02139

Marina Chemistry, Volume 2: Theory and Applications

Dean F . Martin. Universitv of South Florida, ~ a m ~ a . ' Marcel ~ k k k e r , Ine., New York, 1970. xi + 451 pp. Figs. and tables. 15.5 X 23.5 cm. 89.50.

This volume provides 8. sequel to the author's earlier work, "Marine Chemistry, Volume 1: Analytical Methods." It is primarily intended as a text for an intro- ductorv course in marine ehemistrv a t

essentislly an expanded course syllabus rather than a reference work, and the reader's first impression may be that it is overly brief. The author presents his material in capsule form, however, which enables him to provide a surprisingly broad coverage of up-to-date material. His topics range from some of the most recent idean concerning the structure and properties of water itself to hypotheses of seawater genesis, nutrient cycles, and the extraction of mineral resources and drugs from the sea. Each chapter is aceom- panied by a brief summary, explanatory notes which often include interesting background information, and a. list of selected references. I n every case, the references include a t leest one recently published work with an ext,ensive bibliog- raphy. Though primarily intended as a textbook, this combination of highly can- densed text and selected bibliography will make the book very useful as a ref- erence work for non-specialists who need a ready source of basic information can- cerning the chemistry of seawater, but who neither need nor seek s n exhaustive treatment.

The book fills a pap in the chemical

but "treats the subject in m~ch"gre& detail and presumes s suhstsntially greater fi~miliilrity with chemiealprinciples. Weyl ("Oceanography," John Wiley & Sons, 1970) is a much more comprehensive work inclnding discussions of marine geology and physical oceanography as well as marine chemistry, and while certain aspects of seawater chemistry are treated in depth compa.m.bl.ble to that offered by Martin, sohstsntislly fewer topics are discussed. Finally, Turekim ("Oceans,"

oceanography. Of these hooks, only Horne is specifically directed toward the chemistry of seawater, and its greater detail, more profuse illustrations and reli- ance uoon ndvnneed chemical cconeeots

advanced graduate courses which presume extensive chemical background, Martin is most appropriately an introductory text or asoorce book for the non-specialist.

Although he expressly intends to present facts rather than theories, Dr. Martin succeeds in combining the two in s highly satisfactory balance. IIe also presents concise discussions of many particularly important problems which will serve t o stimulate student* and which delineate those area3 where future work is most likely to effect changes in our present hypotheses.

This book is printed by offset process from typewritten masters, and as n result, contains substantially less me.terial than one would normally expect in n 4.50-page work. Although this is partially compen- sated for by the author's terse style, eom- pared to a letterprens edition, the cost, ($9.50) appears disproportionately high.

Nonspecialists in marine chemistry whose fields relate to chemical processes in the sea, will find this book a vabtable source and reference work on their shelves. I ts greatest value, however, will be as R.

text in the introductory roorses toward which i t is s~eeificsllv directed. Here i t will fill a lon&tanding gap in the literature and meet an important need.

New Volumes in Continuing Series The jollowing lilles are /hose of uolunres i n ronlinuing series. Mang ql lhese swim are ,fmniliar lo readem who ore hesl servrrl b y prompt a,moimcewenl qf lhe nppearnnee ql the ncw l i l les. Yhr policv ,!f T H I S J O U R N A L will br lo puhlish ltdl rcuietus on/?, oj innugi~ral vo1,imes i n now series.

Physical Chemistry: An Advanced Treatise. Volume 10, Solid State

Edited by Wilhelm Jost, University of Gottingen, Germany. Academic Press Inc., New York, 1970. xix + 780 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. 938.

Contributors: L. W . Bsrr; Richard H. Bnbe; G. Ertl; H. Gerischer; P. Hsasen; M . Krthlweit; F. A. Krsger; A. D. Le- Claire; A. B. Lidiard; Otfried Xfadelnng; Hiroshi Sato; J. H. Sharp; M. Smith; Alarich Weiss; Helmut Witte.

(Continued on page A1%)

A 130 / Journal o f Chemical Education

book reviews Orgo& Chemistry. Volume 14, Car- boxylic Orlho Acid Derivatives: Prep- aration and Synthetic Applications

Rohcrt H . De Wolfe, University of Cnlifomix, Santa Bnrbam. Edited by Alfred T. Biomr/uist, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Academic Press, Inc., Piew Yurk, 1970. ix + 557 pp. Figs. mrd tables. 16 X 23.5 em. $25.

The Alkaloids. Volume 12

Edilod by R. H. F. Mnnske, UniRoysl Limited Ilesearch Laborxlory, Gnelph, Ontario, Cxuads. Academic Press, Inc. New Yark, 1070. riv + 637 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. 829.

Contribz~tols: E. CI. C. Clarke; L. H. Keith; I<. H. F. Xlxnske; 8. W. Pelletier; F. Sanbavg; J. E. Saxton; Frank L. Warren.

Advancer in Chromatography. Volume 9

Edited by J . Cnloin Giddings, University oi Ulnh, Salt Lake Ciiy, and Roy A . I<elier, Stxto University oi New York at F~.edonia. AIxrcel Ilekker, Inc., New York, lOi0. xiv + 358 pp. Figs. and t:tbles. 16 X 23.5 cm. $18.75.

(bnl~ibutors: Joseph Bomst,ein; E . Cer- mi; W. 11. Cooke; S t~mr t P. Cram; G. (ihrrsini; Charles Hishtn; Irwin Horn- slein; Phillip Issenberg; I?. P. W. Scott.

Current Topics in Radiation Research. Volume 6

Edited by Michael Ebert and Alma Howard, Christie Hospital and Holt Iladinm Institute, Withington, Man- chester, England. American Elsevier Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 1070. xi + 412 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23 cm. $9.75.

Contributors: Robert Schiller; Ernest C. Pollsrd; John R. K. Savage; A. N. Raubh; D. K. Bcwley; Patricia J . Lindop; George Wiernik and Mary Plant.

Physical Chemistry: An Advanced Treatise. Volume 5, Valency

Edited by Henry Ellring, University of Utah, Salt Lake City. Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1970. six + 732 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 em. $20.

Contributors: C. A. Coulson; T. hl. D n m ~ ; Wdt,er A. Harrison; Juergen Hinee; Sheng Hsien Lin; Herbert IT. Hyman; Taro Kiharn; Kenneth S. Pitaer; H. L. Sahlin; Harrison Shrill; E. Teller.

Biochemical Society Symposia. Number 29, Natural Substances Formed Biologically from Mevalonic Acid

Edited hy T. W. Goodwin,University of Liverpool, Livwpoal, United Kingdom. Academic Pres~ , Inc., New York, 1970. ix + 186 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 25.5 em. 55s.

Cmtributors: A. R. Battershy; E. Bogin; K. Bloch; A. F. Brodie; B. Z. Csvari; J . W. Cornforth; R. H. Cornforth; U. Glaor; L. J. Goad; F. W. Hemming; T. Higssbi; V. K d m ; P. Karlson; C. R. Krishns. Murt,i; E. Marques; R. A. Illor- ton; P. Phillips; G. Papjak; B. Revsin; H. Rudney; 0. Wiss; S. Yamamoto.

Surfactant Science Series. Volume 3, Surfactant Biodegradation

Robert D. Swisher, h~lanssnta Ca., St. Louis. Marcel llekker, Inc., New York, 1970. nxiii + 496 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. $33.50.

Chemistry and Physics of Carbon. Volume 6

Edited by Philip I,. Walker, Jr., Penn- sylvanin State University, University Park. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 1070. x + 354 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. $23.50.

Cmt~ibutors: N. N. Avgul; A. V Kiselev; D. E. Kline; Jacques Maire; Jacques MOring; B. R . Puri; R. E. Taylor.

The Determination of Organic Peroxides

R. M . Johnson, Borough Polytechnic, London, and I . W. Siddiqi, St. Mary's Hospit,al, London. Volume 4 of "Mono- g raph~ in Organic Functional Group Analysis." Pergamon Press, Inc., New York, 1970. ix + 119 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 21.5 om. $6.75.

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