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Herzlich Willkommen 16.1.2019 / Arrivee, Dortmund COPD im Praxischeck

Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

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Page 1: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Herzlich Willkommen

16.1.2019 / Arrivee, Dortmund

COPD im Praxischeck

Page 2: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Aufmerksamkeit bei Arztfortbildungen

2

0

30

60

90

120

Begr

üßun

g

Epide

miolog

ie

Stud

ie 1

Stud

ie 2

Leitl

inie

’Ich f

asse

zusa

mmen’

Ende

Quelle: Journal of eminence based Med.

Page 3: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

COPD 2019 Fahrplan heute - Fallvignette Frau Verona T. - GOLD Empfehlungen 2019 -Update - Medikamentöse Therapie - Nicht-Medikamentöse Therapie - (fast) keine Studien - Letzte Folie Nr. 50

Page 4: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

ABCD assessment tool

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Page 5: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Verona T., 48 Jahre

Page 6: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

„Was führt sie zu mir ?“

Page 7: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Überweisungsschein

V.a. COPD DD Asthma, Diagnostik und Therapieempfehlung

Page 8: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

„Erzählen Sie mal...ich frage dann zwischendurch, ok?“

Page 9: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Meine Notizen - hatte „schwere Grippe“, nach Antibiotikum jetzt besser,

überhaupt oft erkältet, in diesem Jahr schon dreimal Antibiotikum

- Abhören nicht in Ordnung - Husten und Luftnot schon vorher, beim Einkauf und

Tütentragen muss sie nach ein paar Metern stehen bleiben - 3 Kinder 6, 13, 15, Hausfrau - EA: Bluthochdruck, sonst leer - Med: Salbutamol DA PRN seit 4 Wochen, Metohexal wegen

schnellem Puls - Rö-Thorax nach schriftlichem Befund o.B.

Page 10: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

„Allergien bekannt bei Ihnen?“

Page 11: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

„Ja, hatte Ich, gegen alles, Pollen und Hausstaub und Penicillin...ist jetzt aber weg.“

Page 12: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Wie ? Weg?

Page 13: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

„Hat der Heilpraktiker ausgeleitet, schon vor Jahren..“

Page 14: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Hat er die Allergie auch festgestellt?

Page 15: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

„Ja, mit Bioresonanz...“

Page 16: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Rauchen Sie ?

Page 17: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

„Ja...schon...aber schon viel weniger..“

Page 18: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Wann haben Sie den angefangen Und wieviel haben Sie den so geraucht bevor es weniger wurde?

Page 19: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

„Also wenn ich ehrlich bin so mit 13. Während den Schwangerschaften aber nicht! Und selten mehr als eine Schachtel.“

Page 20: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Drei Ursachen der Dyspnoe

1624

0101

1/14

Page 21: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Ok, dann horche ich sie erstmal ab. Danach messen wir Ihre Atemwegswiderstände, Lungenvolumina und Sauerstoffgehalt im Blut. Danach sehen wir uns wieder. Ach ja, und etwas Blut aus der Vene nehmen wir auch ab.

Page 22: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Untersuchungsbefund: Leises Giemen bds. dorsobasal. Klopfschall hypersonor.

Page 23: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Meine Gedanken beim rausgehen...

-erstmal Lungenfunktion abwarten -Rö-Bild anfordern, evtl. CT-Thorax -CRP, Diff.-BB -nach Impfung (Pneumokokken,Influenza) fragen - Allergie-Diagnostik?

Page 24: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Herzlich Willkommen

!24

≥ 2 oder 1 + Krankenhaus-

behandlung

≤ 1 ambulantbehandelt

A B

DC

mMRC 0 - 1 CAT < 10 CCQ < 1

mMRC ≥ 2 CAT ≥ 10 CCQ ≥ 1

Exazerbationen

BD: bronchodilatatorisch, CAT: COPD Assessment Test, CCQ: Clinical COPD Questionnaire Score, FEV1: Einsekundenkapazität, FVC: forciertes Vitalvolumen, GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, LLN: Lower Limit of Normal, mMRC: modified Medical Research Council

Schweregrad nach FEV1 (post-

BD)

Kriterium für Obstruktion

FEV1/FVC < LLN oder 70 %IV (sehr schwer) < 30 % Soll

III (schwer) 30 % - 49 % Soll

II (mittelgradig) 50 % - 79 % Soll

I (leicht) ≥ 80 % Soll

Diagnose

post-BD FEV1/FVC < 0,7

Bewertung der Obstruktion

Bewertung von Symptomen/

Exazerbationsrisiko

Symptome*mod. nach GOLD 2018

Page 25: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

• Beurteilung der Atemnot anhand von einer 5-stufigen Skala

mMRC Dyspnoe Skala

Abb. modifiziert nach Bestall JC et al. Thorax 1999; 54: 581-586.

mMRC, Modified British Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale

19

�25

Page 26: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Treatment of stable COPD

© 2017 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Definition of abbreviations: eos: blood eosinophil count in cells per microliter; mMRC: modified Medical Research Council dyspnea questionnaire; CAT™: COPD Assessment Test™.

Page 27: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Management of Exacerbations

© 2017 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

COPD exacerbations are defined as an acute worsening of respiratory symptoms that result in additional therapy.

► They are classified as:

➢ Mild (treated with short acting bronchodilators only, SABDs) ➢ Moderate (treated with SABDs plus antibiotics and/or oral

corticosteroids) or ➢ Severe (patient requires hospitalization or visits the emergency

room). Severe exacerbations may also be associated with acute respiratory failure.

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Page 28: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Frau T. kommt zurück...

Page 29: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Wer wird Millionär?

Frau Verona T. , 48 Jahre, 181 cm, 73 kg. Ohne Lyse, da im Wartezimmer vor 5 Minuten 2 Hub Salbutamol genommen. SaO2 94%, CRP normal.

Residualvolumen 130%, TLC 110%

VC 4,0 3,4 85 %

FEV1 3,0 2,2 73 %

FEV1/IVC % 75 % 63 %

Page 30: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Vorläufige Diagnose:

COPD Grad 2 Gruppe D

Page 31: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Differentialdiagnosen: (Allergisches?) Asthma Bronchialkarzinom Emphysem

Page 32: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

GOLD 2019 Initiale pharmakologische Behandlung

!32

Initiale pharmakologische

Behandlung

DE/RESP/0810/18b Dez 2018

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, all rights reserved. Use is by express license from the owner. GOLD. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD. 2019. Available from: goldcopd.org [accessed November 2018].

Page 33: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Therapie: LABA/ICS, SABA PRN auch möglich:LAMA, LABA/LAMA EOS über 300/mikl: ICS dazu Nikotinarenz

Page 34: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Weiteres Vorgehen -Kontrolle GKP in 4-8 Wochen -evtl. CT-Thorax, Allergie-Testung -wenn persistierende Obstruktion und Eosinophile unter 300/min ICS nach einem Jahr absetzen, evtl. LABA/LAMA, sonst evtl. LAMA/LABA/ICS (Triple) -Pneumologische Reha (?) -Influenza- und Pneumkokkenimpfung empfehlen.

Page 35: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

© 2017 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Page 36: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Group D

© 2017 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

► In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice.

► This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing exacerbations in patients with blood eosinophil counts ≥ 300 cells/µL.

► LABA/ICS may also be first choice in COPD patients with a history of asthma.

► ICS may cause side effects such as pneumonia, so should be used as initial therapy only after the possible clinical benefits versus risks have been considered.

Page 37: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Treatment of stable COPD

© 2017 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

► Following implementation of therapy, patients should be reassessed for attainment of treatment goals and identification of any barriers for successful treatment (Figure 4.2).

► Following review of the patient response to treatment initiation, adjustments in pharmacological treatment may be needed.

Page 38: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

GOLD 2019 Pharmakologischer Ansatz

!38

Initiale pharmakologische

Behandlung

Management Zyklus Anwenden, Überprüfen,

Anpassen

Nachbeobachtung der pharmakologischen

Behandlung

Inhalator Technik & Adhärenz,

Nichtmdikamentöse Optionen

DE/RESP/0810/18b Dez 2018

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, all rights reserved. Use is by express license from the owner. GOLD. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD. 2019. Available from: goldcopd.org [accessed November 2018].

Page 39: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

GOLD 2019 Nachbeobachtung der pharmakologischen Behandlung

Bestehende Therapie SABA, LAMA, LABA, LAMA/LABA,

ICS/LABA

Behandlung nach dem dominierenden behandelbaren Merkmal (Dyspnoe oder Exazerbation)

Management Zyklus

Dyspnoe Exazerbation

DE/RESP/0810/18b Dez 2018

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, all rights reserved. Use is by express license from the owner. GOLD. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD. 2019. Available from: goldcopd.org [accessed November 2018].

Page 40: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

GOLD 2019 Nachbeobachtung der pharmakologischen Behandlung

Behandelbares Merkmal Dyspnoe

!40

** Bedenke eine ICS Deeskalation oder einen Wechsel der Therapie, wenn eine Pneumonie auftritt, die ursprüngliche Indikation nicht passend ist oder das Ansprechen auf die Therapie ausbleibt.

DyspnoeBestehende

Therapie SABA, LAMA, LABA, LAMA/

LABA, ICS/LABA

DYSPNOE

• Bedenke den Wechsel des Inhalators oder der Moleküle

• Bedenke (behandle) andere Ursachen der Dyspnoe

DE/RESP/0810/18b Dez 2018

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, all rights reserved. Use is by express license from the owner. GOLD. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD. 2019. Available from: goldcopd.org [accessed November 2018].

Page 41: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

GOLD 2019 Nachbeobachtung der pharmakologischen BehandlungBehandelbares Merkmal Exazerbation

!41

*Bedenke wenn EOS ≥ 300 Zellen/µL oder ≥ 100 Zellen/µL + 2 moderate Exazerbationen oder 1 Hospitalisierung ** Bedenke eine ICS Deeskalation oder einen Wechsel der Therapie, wenn eine Pneumonie auftritt, die ursprüngliche Indikation nicht passend ist oder das Ansprechen auf die Therapie ausbleibt.

Bestehende Therapie

SABA, LAMA, LABA, LAMA/

LABA, ICS/LABA ICS+LABA+LAMA

Exazerbation

EXAZERBATIONEN

Bedenke wenn EOS ≥ 100

Bed

enke

wen

n EO

S <

100

– ehemalige Raucher

Chronische Bronchitis

DE/RESP/0810/18b Dez 2018

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, all rights reserved. Use is by express license from the owner. GOLD. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD. 2019. Available from: goldcopd.org [accessed November 2018].

Page 42: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Herzlich Willkommen

42

+ Verordnung Lungensport

+ Verordnung KG-Atemtherapie

Training bei COPD

Page 43: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Ausdauertraining bei COPDEinfluss von Musik

FEV1: Einsekundenkapazität, SpO2: perkutane Sauerstoffsättigung

Lee et al., Chest, 2018; 153(5):1134-1141

Randomisierung (1:1)

Patienten

Ausdauer-Lauftestselbstgewählte Musik

Ausdauer Lauftest

+ selbstgewählte Musik

Ausdauer-Lauftestohne Musik

Beurteilung:

SpO2, Dyspnoe, Herzrate, Ausdauerzeit

Primäres Studienziel: Trainingszeit bis zur Limitierung durch Symptome mit und ohne Musik

Ausdauer-Lauftestohne Musik

Ausdauer-Lauftestselbstgewählte Musik

Patienten mit COPD (n = 19): prospektiv, randomisiert, cross-over

Page 44: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Ausdauertraining bei COPDEinfluss von Musik

KI: Konfidenzintervall

Lee et al., Chest, 2018; 153(5):1134-1141

ohne Musik mit Musik0

2

4

6

8

Ausd

auer

zeit

(min

)

5,9 7,0

p = **

Das Hören von Musik hatte positive Auswirkungen auf die Ausdauerzeit.

1,10 [95 % KI, 0,41 - 1,78]

Page 45: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

www.hc-blum.de

45

Page 46: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

www.hc-blum.de

46

Danke für die Aufmerksamkeit

Page 47: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

GOLD 2019 Pharmakologischer Ansatz

!47

Initiale pharmakologische

Behandlung

Management Zyklus Anwenden, Überprüfen,

Anpassen

Nachbeobachtung der pharmakologischen

Behandlung

Inhalator Technik & Adhärenz

DE/RESP/0810/18b Dez 2018

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, all rights reserved. Use is by express license from the owner. GOLD. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD. 2019. Available from: goldcopd.org [accessed November 2018].

Page 48: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Non-pharmacological treatment

© 2017 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Exercise training

► A meta-analysis of RCTs found that exercise training alone, or with the addition of activity counseling, significantly improved physical activity levels in COPD patients.

► A combination of constant load or interval training with strength training provides better outcomes than either method alone.

► Where possible, endurance exercise training to 60-80% of the symptom-limited maximum work or heart rate is preferred, or to a Borg-rated dyspnea or fatigue score of 4 to 6 (moderate to severe).

► Exercise training can be enhanced by optimizing bronchodilators, since both LAMA and LABA have shown reduced resting and dynamic hyperinflation.

Page 49: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Management of Exacerbations

© 2017 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

OVERALL KEY POINTS (1 of 3):

► An exacerbation of COPD is defined as an acute worsening of respiratory symptoms that results in additional therapy.

► Exacerbations of COPD can be precipitated by several factors. The most common causes are respiratory tract infections.

► The goal for treatment of COPD exacerbations is to minimize the negative impact of the current exacerbation and to prevent subsequent events.

► Short-acting inhaled beta2-agonists, with or without short-acting anticholinergics, are recommended as the initial bronchodilators to treat an acute exacerbation.

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Page 50: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Management of Exacerbations

OVERALL KEY POINTS (2 of 3):

► Maintenance therapy with long-acting bronchodilators should be initiated as soon as possible before hospital discharge.

► Systemic corticosteroids can improve lung function (FEV1), oxygenation and shorten recovery time and hospitalization duration. Duration of therapy should not be more than 5-7 days.

► Antibiotics, when indicated, can shorten recovery time, reduce the risk of early relapse, treatment failure, and hospitalization duration. Duration of therapy should be 5-7 days.

► Methylxanthines are not recommended due to increased side effect profiles.

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Page 51: Herzlich Willkommen COPD im Praxischeck - hc-blum.de · In some patients, initial therapy with LABA/ICS may be the first choice. This treatment has the greatest likelihood of reducing

Management of Exacerbations

OVERALL KEY POINTS (3 of 3):

► Non-invasive mechanical ventilation should be the first mode of ventilation used in COPD patients with acute respiratory failure who have no absolute contraindication because it improves gas exchange, reduces work of breathing and the need for intubation, decreases hospitalization duration and improves survival.

► Following an exacerbation, appropriate measures for exacerbation prevention should be initiated (see GOLD 2019 Chapter 3 and Chapter 4).

© 2019 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease