My sister Marlene - lernen.eduhi.atlernen.eduhi.at/english/gcards/gcrev.docx · Web viewSo kannst du einer anderen Person mitteilen, dass sie etwas Bestimmtes tun oder nicht tun

Grammar cards revision

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What’s in English?Wie heißt du?___________________________________________________________________________Ich bin (your name).___________________________________________________________________________Wie geht es dir heute?___________________________________________________________________________Mir geht’s gut, danke.___________________________________________________________________________Ist dein Federpenal grün?___________________________________________________________________________Welche Farbe hat den Fahrrad?___________________________________________________________________________Was ist deine Telefonnummer?___________________________________________________________________________Magst du Spaghetti?___________________________________________________________________________Ja, mag ich.___________________________________________________________________________Nein, mag ich nicht.___________________________________________________________________________Magst du einen Kaugummi?___________________________________________________________________________Ja, bitte.___________________________________________________________________________Nein, danke.___________________________________________________________________________Sie ist hungrig.___________________________________________________________________________Frage.___________________________________________________________________________Ja-Antwort.___________________________________________________________________________Nein-Antwort:___________________________________________________________________________Ich bin großartig.___________________________________________________________________________Frage.___________________________________________________________________________Ja-Antwort.___________________________________________________________________________

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Nein-Antwort:___________________________________________________________________________Sie sind müde.___________________________________________________________________________Frage.___________________________________________________________________________Ja-Antwort.___________________________________________________________________________Nein-Antwort:___________________________________________________________________________Steht auf!___________________________________________________________________________Setzt euch!___________________________________________________________________________Öffnet/Schließt die Bücher.___________________________________________________________________________Nehmt eure Bücher heraus.___________________________________________________________________________Seid bitte leise.___________________________________________________________________________Öffne/Schließe das Fenster.___________________________________________________________________________Schließe die Tür.___________________________________________________________________________Schreibe nicht auf dem Schreibtisch.___________________________________________________________________________Laufe nicht in der Klasse.___________________________________________________________________________Wo ist mein Radierer?___________________________________________________________________________Wo sind meine Turnschuhe?___________________________________________________________________________

prepositions of place:auf - ___________ unter - ___________ hinter - ___________ in - ________

neben - ____________ zwischen - ______________ vor - __________________

plural forms:Von sehr vielen englischen Wörtern bildet man die Mehrzahl, indem man an das Hauptwort einfach ein "__" anhängt.examples: ring – ring__ apple – apple__

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Wenn bei Wörtern auf "y" (lolly) vor dem y ein M___________ steht, bildest du die Mehrzahl mit "_____". Achtung bei boy (Selbstlaut vor y) ___ bleibt erhalten = bo___lolly – loll_____ story – stor_____Endet ein Wort auf einen Zischlaut (ch, x, s, sh), dann bildet man die Mehrzahl mit "___":class – class___ box – box___f und fe wird zu -_____:wolf – wol____knife – kni____

Ausnahmen:child – child____ man – m__n woman – wom__n mouse – mi____ tooth – t___th foot – f___t fish – f______ sheep – sh_______

fox - city - woman - wife –

boy - child - tooth - foot –

fish - apple - leaf - bush –

To be

I ___ ich bin Fill in am/is/are:

She ___ eleven. I ___ busy. We ___ from New York. It ___

yellow. You ___ clever. He ___ in my class. They ___ from

London.

Beachte:

In der Mehrzahl (egal welche Person) kann die Form von "to

be" nur "____" lauten!

you ___ du bisthe ___ er ist

she ___ sie istit ___ es ist

we ____ wir sindyou ____ ihr seid

they ____ sie sind

Bei der Verneinung von „to be“ hängst du an die Form von „to be“ einfach ein not an.

I’m _____. You are ______ (=aren’t). He/She/It is ______ (=isn’t).

We are ______ (=aren’t). You are ______ (=aren’t). They are ______ (=aren’t).

There is / There areSo kannst du ausdrücken, dass etwas vorhanden ist

There ___ a new pool for the hippos.

There ___ monkeys from Africa.

There ___ two windows in my room.

There ___ a desk in my room.

Have / Has got

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Mit Hilfe von have got / has got (he, she, it) sagst du, dass jemand etwas hat.

Mit Hilfe von haven’t got / hasn’t got (he, she, it) sagst du, dass jemand etwas nicht hat.

+ - ?

I have got blue eyes. I ______________ blue eyes. __________ I _____ …?

You ______________ a cat. You ______________ a cat. __________ you _____ …?

He ______________ a beard. He hasn’t got a beard. __________ he _____ …?

She _____________ red hair. She _____________ red hair. __________ she _____ …?

We ______________ a ship. We ______________ a ship. Have we got …?

You _____________ black hair. You _____________ black hair. __________ you _____ …?

They ______________ a dog. They ______________ a dog. __________ they _____ …?

Questions with to be:So bildest du Fragen und Antworten mit den verschiedenen Formen von be:

? + -

_______ ______ happy? ______, I _____. _____, I’___ _______.

_______ ______ happy? ______, he _____. _____, he ________.

_______ ______ happy? ______, she _____. _____, she ________.

_______ ______ happy? ______, it _____. _____, it ________.

_______ ______ happy? ______, we _____. _____, we ________.

_______ ______ happy? ______, they _____. _____, they ________.

Possessives (besitzanzeigende Fürwörter)

Mit Hilfe der Wörter my, your, his, her usw. kannst du ausdrücken, zu wem etwas gehört.

I This is ______ sister Jessica.

you What’s ______ name? – I’m James.

he ______ name is Jack.

she ______ name’s Ellie.

it This is a new band. ______ name is Project 11.

we We are Dan and Steve. And this is ______ dog.

you Dan and Steve, ______ guitars are great.

they Dan and Steve are brothers. _______ dog is called Bacon.

singular: I - _____, you - _____, he - _____, she - _____, it - _____,

plural: we - _____, you - _____, they - _____

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Present simple:Wenn jemand etwas (immer) wieder tut oder etwas (immer) wieder geschieht, bzw. für Gew_________________, Ta_________________ und Gef______________ verwendest du das present simple. Achtung:Bei h__/s___/i__, das “___” muss mit! Ausnahmen: go-go___, do-do____y ie: carry – carr_____, try – tr_____es nach “Zischlauten”: watch – watch___

School _____________ (start) at 8 o’clock.I _______________ (get up) at half past six every day.He ________________ (live) in London.We all _____________ (wear) uniforms to school.I _____________ (like) spinach but I _____________ (hate) beans.Arnold _____________ (eat) rats and beetles.My sister _____________ (like) ice cream.Mum _____________ (go) shopping.

Signalwörter: a_____________, o_____________, s_____________, u_____________, n_____________, s_____________, e_____________ (day, week,...)

possessive’s:Mit dem possessive case drückst du aus, dass jemandem etwas gehört oder etwas zu jemandem gehört:examples: Frank’s schoolbag (singular) but my sisters’ (plural) roomssingular: Sue___ rubberJoe___ bikeFred___ uncleKate___ parents

plural: his friend___ Cdsthe other girl___ bookshis brother___ bikes

a lot of / lots ofFür viel/viele kannst du im Englischen sowohl a lot of als auch lots of verwenden.

a lot of friends = _________________________________

lots of apples = _________________________________

a lot of lollies = _________________________________

lots of children = _________________________________

present simple negation:

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I, you, we, they d_____’__ + b______ f_______he/she/it d______’__ + b______ f_______I ________ _________ vegetables. (eat)We ________ _________ the beach. (like)She ________ _________ vegetables. (like)They ________ _________ three weeks. (stay)We ________ _________ much fun. (have)Dad ________ _________ rice. (like)

a - anDu verwendest “a” für alle Wörter, die mit einem _______________ beginnen.“An” verwendest du für alle Wörter, die mit einem _______________ (a, e, i ,o ,u) beginnen.

___ lolly ___ apple ___ orange T-shirt ___ hamburger ___ orange ___ green snake

Achtung:___ hour (h wird nicht gesprochen)___ university (u wird als j gesprochen)

a-an-someSpricht man über eine Person, ein Tier oder ein Ding, dann verwendet man:___ - vor Wörtern, die mit einem Mitlaut beginnen ___ - vor Wörtern, die mit einem Selbstlaut beginnen Spricht man über mehrere Personen, Tiere oder Dinge, ohne die genaue Zahl zu nennen, verwendet man _____.Auch für Mengen, die man nicht zählen kann (z.B. Flüssigkeiten, Brot,...), verwendet man ______ .____ bike _____ pupils _____ tea _____ toast_____ eggs _____ lolly _____ elephant _____ children_____ orange _____ juice _____ honey _____ bread_____ teacher _____ butter _____ apple _____ ruler

do/does + negations and answers:_______ he like apples? Yes, he _______. / No, he _______ ._______ they eat nuts? Yes, they _______. / No, they _______._______ it eat mice? Yes, it _______. / No, it _______._______ you like bananas? Yes, I _______. / No, I _______._______ she watch TV a lot? Yes, she _______. / No, she _______.

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Adverbs of frequencyA__________ (immer), o__________ (oft), s__________ (manchmal), u__________ und n__________ (normalerweise), s__________ (selten), h______ e______ (kaum jemals) und n__________ (nie) sind “adverbs of frequency”.Das “adverb of frequency” steht immer z____________ S_____________ und P_____________!

I friends play with always my.___________________________________________________________________________romantic often Mum watches films.___________________________________________________________________________detective I films. sometimes watch___________________________________________________________________________watches never news. My brother the___________________________________________________________________________seldom Dad watches films. horror___________________________________________________________________________hardly watch ever nature I programmes.___________________________________________________________________________breakfast We have usually (normally) together.___________________________________________________________________________

present simple question:yes/no question d_____ / d______ (he/she/it) + subject + b______ f_______________ you ________ swimming a lot? (go)________ he ________ oranges? (like)

questions with question words (Who?, What?, When?, Why?, Where?, How?) qu________ w________ + d____/d_______ (he/she/it) + s________ + b________ f________ When ________ they ________ to Greece? (go)What ________ you ________ best? (like)What ________ she ________ for breakfast? (eat)How long ________ he ________ in London? (stay)

subject question (Who?, What?) no do or does! verb +s! Who ________ out with you? (go)Who ________ a castle in the sand? (build)

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Personal pronouns:Personal pronouns haben im Englischen immer zwei Formen:

subject case object case

subject case: Stehen immer an Stelle eines S____________ und somit meist am Satzanfang.______ is tall. _________ like football. _________ are helpful.object case: Stehen immer an Stelle eines O___________ und daher nie am Satzanfang.We call ______ Blackie. Tell ______ about the film. We love _______.

this – these / that - those

Wenn du über jemand/etwas sprichst, der/das nahe ist, verwendest du _________ (singular) oder __________ (plural):Wenn du über jemand/etwas sprichst, der/das weiter weg ist, verwendest du _________ (singular) oder __________ (plural):How much is ________ shirt here?________ is my brother over there.________ here is my rubber.Give me ________ blue bottles from the shelf.Hi, I’m Sue and ________ is Lenny.How much is ________ shirt over there? Are ___________ CDs here yours?

Who is ____________ woman next to the phone box?

___________ are my brothers over there.

How much is/are…?So fragst du nach dem Preis.

singular: How much ___ the pullover? ___ ____ £ 19.90.

plural: How much ____ the jeans? _______ _____ £ 38.99.

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socks / £ 4.30 ________________________________________________________________

T-shirt / £ 7.90 _______________________________________________________________

What’s the time?So fragst du nach der Zeit: Ex__________ me, what’s ____ ___________? oder

Ex__________ me, what t______ i__ i__?

from midnight to 12 midday = ____

from 12 midday to midnight = ____

8.00 ________________________________ 14.15 ________________________________

5.30 ________________________________ 19.30 ________________________________

22.45________________________________ 6.55 ________________________________

10.20________________________________ 20.35 ________________________________

1.10 ________________________________ 17.25 ________________________________

like / likes – don’t like / doesn’t likeI _______________ bananas, but I _______________ oranges.

She _______________ lollies, but she _______________ chewing gum.

He _______________ tea, but he _______________ coffee.

My sisters _______________ trainers, but they _______________ brown shoes.

Write sentences with can/can’t or (not) good at:

Nach can oder can’t steht immer die b______ f______ des Verbs.I can play tennis. He can’t sing.Nach am/is/are good at steht immer die ____ form des Verbs.She is good at playing football. They aren’t good at skiing.

can: + can´t: - good at: ++ not good at: --

a) My sister / + / / - /

__________________________________________________

b) Dad / ++ / / -- /

__________________________________________________

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Questions and answers with can and good at:_______ they _______ playing tennis? Yes, they _______. No, they _______._______ they juggle? Yes, they _______. - No, they _______._______ you swim? Yes, I _______. - No, I _______._______ you _______ swimming? Yes, I _______. - No, I _______ ._______ he _______ drawing? - Yes, he _______. No, he _______ ._______ she ride a horse? - Yes, she _______. - No, she _______.

Present progressive (continous):formation: a___, i___, a____ + ______ form+ - ?I am reading a book. I’m not reading a book. Are you reading a book?

Yes, I am. / No I’m not.You You

He He Is ___/_____ reading a book?

Yes,

No,She She

We We

They They

Are

Yes,

No,

Um auszudrücken, was jemand g___________ tut oder was im Au_______________ des Sp______________ gerade passiert, verwendest du das present progressive.

keywords: n_____________, a__ t__ m_____________, L_____________!, L_____________!

Can you help me? - Not now, I __________________to music. (listen)Where’s dad? - He __________________in the garden. (work)Look! It __________________ really heavily! (snow)_____ he ________________ (sleep)? No, he isn’t. He ________________ (clean) his bike.Listen! She __________________my favourite song. (sing)My sister _____________________ (not do) her homework, she ________________ (swim) in the pool.

Achtung bei den “ing-forms”!

“stummes ‘___’” fällt weg: make - ______________, have - ______________,...

nach kurzgesprochenem S_________________ wird der M________________ verdoppelt:

swim - __________________, put - __________________,...

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ordinal numbers: (st, nd, rd, th)1 12 9 21 11 4 22 14 10 3 26 31 17

Time prepositions

___ + Monat/Jahr/Jahreszeit/Tageszeit ___ + Tage der Woche/Datum___ + UhrzeitWe have maths ____the morning and PE ____the afternoon. My birthday is ____ May 29th. We go to Greece ____ summer. School starts ____ 8 o’clock. Grandpa was born ____ 1929. Dad goes to bed late ____ night. My mother’s birthday is ____ December.

Past simple was/were+ - ?

I ______ at home yesterday. I _________ at home yesterday. _____ I at home yesterday?

You ______ at home yesterday. You _________ at home yesterday. _____ you at home yesterday?

He ______ at home yesterday. He _________ at home yesterday. _____ he at home yesterday?

She ______ at home yesterday. She _________ at home yesterday. _____ she at home yesterday?

It ______ at home yesterday. It _________ at home yesterday. _____ it at home yesterday?

We ______ at home yesterday. We _________ at home yesterday. _____ we at home yesterday?

You ______ at home yesterday. You _________ at home yesterday. _____ you at home yesterday?

They ______ at home yesterday.They _________ at home

yesterday.

_____ they at home

yesterday?

At 8 o’clock I _______ at home. My brother _______n’t there.My friends _______ in their classroom, but my sister _______n’t there.We _______ in the living room and my mum _______ in the bathroom.They _______ in the library.I _______ swimming in the indoor-pool and my best friend _______ with me.My dog _______ very nervous last night.

Past simple:

Für ab________________ Handlungen in der Ver_______________ verwendest du das past simple (past simple ist auch die Erzählzeit).I ________ to the cinema yesterday. (go)I ________________ well last night. (cannot sleep)

keywords: y_____________, l_____ (month, year, week,...), a______, i____ 1999

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Bei regular verbs hängst Die irregular verbsdu an die base form -____ an. musst du auswendigfor example: lernen!want - _____________ for example:listen - ______________ write - _________

see - _________ Past forms:

some regular forms:ask - _____________hate - _____________like - _____________listen - _____________look - _____________love - _____________want - _____________watch - _____________jump - _____________push - _____________

Achte auf die Schreibweise bei:grab - _____________stop - _____________try - _____________carry - _____________

some irregular forms:do - _____________find - _____________get - _____________put - _____________read - _____________sit - _____________buy - _____________eat - _____________fall - _____________hide - _____________run - _____________think - _____________go - _____________has/have - _____________say - _____________tell - _____________

Linking words (and / but / because)Mit and (______), but (______) und because (______) kannst du Sätze verbinden.

I rang the doorbell __________ nobody was at home.

We held hands __________ we were scared.

I don’t like this film __________ it is boring.

She did her homework __________ then she went out.

I like oranges __________ my sister doesn’t.

We went inside __________ then we went into his bedroom.

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Past simple negationformation: _______’__ + b_____ f_______ bei allen Personen!

I ___________________ (not read) the book.

You ___________________ (not tell) me.

He ___________________ (not catch) the snake.

She ___________________ (not see) the lion.

It ___________________ (not rain) yesterday.

We ___________________ (not like) the film.

You ___________________ (not listen) to Mum.

They ___________________ (not run) away.

going to future:

Um auszudrücken, was jemand p_______ oder vor_____, verwendest du die going to future.formation: a___, i___, a___ + g_____ t___ + b_____ f_______

We ______________________________ our holidays in Greece. (spend)I ______________________________ my bike. (clean)He/she ______________________________ the shopping. (do)We ______________________________ our homework. (do)They ______________________________ volleyball on Sunday. (play)Achtung: Beim Verb „go“ verwendet man üblicherweise kein „going to“.You don’t say: Dad is going to go to the theatre with mum.You say: Dad ____________________ to the theatre with mum. (go)

So bildest du die Verneinung mit going to:negative of t___ b___ + g_____ t___ + b_____ f_______We ______________________________ our holidays in Greece. (not spend)I ______________________________ my bike. (not clean)He/she ______________________________ the shopping. (not do)We ______________________________ our homework. (not do)They ______________________________ volleyball on Sunday. (not play)

Um zu fragen, was jemand plant oder vorhat, sagst du zum Beispiel:What ______________________________? (do)____ your brother ______________________________ tennis? (play)____ you ______________________________ to the cinema with us? (come) (How many) have you got?Willst du wissen, ob jemand etwas hat, dann fragst du mit:_____________________________ badges?

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_____________________________ autographs?

Du anwortest darauf mit:Yes, I ___________. / No, I ______________.

Willst du wissen, wie viele Dinge jemand hat, fragst du mit:_____________________________ stickers have you got?_____________________________ postcards have you got?

Darauf antwortest du z.B. mit:(I’ve got) sixty.(I’ve got) about thirty.(I’ve got) lots/a lot.

Would...Wenn du wissen willst, was jemand haben möchte, fragst du mit:______ __________ you like?Wenn du jemandem etwas anbietest fragst du z.B. so:___________ you ________ some coffee?Wenn du etwas haben möchtest sagst du z.B.:__ __________ _________ some apple juice.

How to make suggestions:

So machst du einen Vorschlag:_______ play football!_______ buy some chocolate!

must:

Mit “must” drückst du aus, dass jemand etwas tun __________. Must steht immer mit der b______ f_______ des Verbs.Fred must _______ for George and Willie. (cook)Pupils must _______ their homework. (do)The children must _______ Blackie. (help)

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past simple negation:negation d_____’__ + b______ f_______We ________ _________ the beach. (like)They ________ _________ three weeks. (stay)We ________ _________ much fun. (have)

was, were, could no ______!The weather ________ very good. (be)We ________ ________ surfing. (can’t go)We ________ happy with our hotel. (be)

past simple question:yes/no question d_____ + subject + b______ f_______________ you ________ swimming a lot? (go)

questions with question words (Who?, What?, When?, Why?, Where?, How?) qu________ w________ + d________ + s________ + b________ f________ When ________ you ________ to Greece? (go)What ________ you ________ best? (like)How long ________ you ________ ? (stay)

was, were, could n__ d_____!________ the weather okay? ________ the rooms nice? What ________ the weather like?When ________ you on holiday?________ you swim in the sea?

subject question (Who?, What?) no did! verb in p_____ f_______Who ________ with you? (go)Who ________ a castle in the sand? (build)

Irregular verbs:

base form past form German base form past form German

sit do

buy find

eat get

fall put

hide read

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run break

think give

go find

has take

say catch

tell have

be come

see bring

one – onesMit one oder ones kannst du Wortw___________________ vermeiden und zwar dann, wenn du dich auf Dinge oder Personen beziehst, die du eben erst (im selben Satz oder im Satz davor) erwähnt hast. Du verwendest one, wenn du ein Nomen im s______________ nicht wiederholen willst. Du verwendest ones, wenn du ein Nomen im p_____________ nicht wiederholen willst.

Look at those jeans. - Which _______? - The green _______.I don’t want my schoolbag any more. Can I have a new _______?The record shop is not in this street. It’s in the next _______.I'd like to try some glasses on. - Which _______- the red _______or the blue _______?I've got two apples here. Which _______would you like - the red _______or the green _______?Can I borrow your ruler? - Which _______- the long _______or the short _______?Let's buy a pizza. - Which _______- a big _______or a small _______?Are these your trainers? Which _______do you mean - the blue _______or the green _______?

Why – because:Um den Grund für etwas zu erfragen, sagst du Um den Grund für etwas anzugeben, sagst du

______ are the boys not at home? __________ they are playing outside.

______ do you want to read this book? __________ it looks interesting.

______ do you want to read this book? __________ it looks interesting.

______ did you have a shock? __________ the cat jumped on my back.

______ did the lady cry? __________ I broke all the cups.

______ did you buy me this present? __________ I wanted to make you happy.

______ didn't you go to school? __________ I was ill.

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How to give directions:A: Ex___________ me, can you tell me the w____ to...?B: Yes, of c___________.T_______ the f_______ / s_______ / th_______ l_______ /r_______. Go st_______ ah_______ till you come to the ... . Go p_______ the ... . Go al_______ Bolton Road.T_______ left/right at the crossing / Post office / ...The ... is n_______ to / o_______ / in f_______ of / bet_______ the ... and the ... / on the right (left) Walk a_______ the bridge.A: Thank you very much.B: You’re w_______. / No p_______.

past time expressions:Um über Vergangenes zu erzählen, verwendest du das p_______ s_______ . Dabei kannst du folgende Zeitangaben verwenden:_______ ___________, we spent our holidays in Ireland. (Letzten Sommer)_______ _______ , they rent some bikes. (Eines Tages)_______ _______ an _______ , they came to a castle. (Nach einer halben Stunde)At _______ , they didn’t want to get in. (Als erstes)_______ they opened the door and went in. (Dann)I last saw her _______ _______ _______ . (vor drei Wochen)A _______ _______ , they came to an old house in the woods. (Eine Minute später)

should, could, was/were able toUm auszudrücken, was jemand (nicht) tun s______, verwendest du person + s_________ (not) + b______ f______You _________ do your homework more carefully.I _________ stay in bed today.You _________ n’t eat so much fast food.Um auszudrücken, dass jemand etwas (nicht) tun k_________, verwendest du:person + c_________ (not) + b______ f______orperson + w____ (w___n’t) / w_______ (w_____’t) + a______ t___ + b______ f______He ______________________________ help me. = He ________________ help me.My friends _________________________ come to the party. = My friends __________ come to the party.

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comparison of adjectives:Adjektive mit e_______ Silbe werden mit ____ und _____ gesteigert:old - __________ - the __________nice - __________ - the __________Achtung:hot - __________ - the __________big - __________ - the __________

Adjektive mit d_____ und mehr Silben werden mit m______ und m______ gesteigert:intelligent - _______________________- the _______________________beautiful - _______________________- the _______________________

Zweisilbige Adjektive, die auf __, __, __ oder __ enden, oder auf der __. Silbe betont werden, werden mit ___ und ____ gesteigert, alle anderen zweisilbigen Adjektive mit more und most.happy - __________ - the __________clever - __________ - the __________polite (zweite Silbe betont) - __________ - the __________

irregular comparison of adjectives:Unregelmäßige Steigerungsformen(irregular comparison):good - __________ - the __________bad - __________ - the __________much - __________ - the __________many - __________ - the __________little - __________ - the __________

This is the __________ restaurant in town. (das beste)My Maths test was bad, but Peggy’s one was even __________. (schlechter)My sister reads many books, but her friend reads even __________. (mehr)Dad takes __________ sugar for his coffee than Mum. (weniger)

comparison – VergleicheGleichheit bzw. Ungleichheit drückst du ganz einfach so aus:I always get ___ many presents ___ my sister.He is not ___ tall ___ his friend.Zwischen as...as steht immer der p____________ (die Grundstufe des Adjektivs).

Tom is better in football ________ Charles. The Eiffel Tower is higher ________ Big Ben. Than (als) steht immer mit dem c________________ (der 1. Steigerungsstufe).

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Mexico City is ____ biggest city in the world.The steht immer mit dem s_________________ (der 2. Steigerungsstufe).

directions (prepositions of place)So sagst du jemandem, wie er/sie an ein bestimmtes Ziel gelangen kann.Gehe gerade aus. - ________________________________________________.Nimm die erste links. - ________________________________________________.Nimm die zweite rechts. - ________________________________________________.Gehe an der Post vorbei. - ________________________________________________.So sagst du jemandem, wo ein bestimmtes Ziel zu finden ist.The cinema is ________________ (hinter) the shopping centre.________________ (neben) the post office, there is a phonebox.The church is ________________ (gegenüber) the chemist's.There is a park ________________ (vor) the town hall._________________________ (An der Ecke) of the next street, there is a bank.It's just _________________________. (um die Ecke)The phonebox is ________________ (zwischen) the bank and the restaurant.________________ (Überquere) the bridge.

have to / don’t have toHave to und don't have to verwendest du um auszudrücken, dass etwas not___________ oder n_______ notwendig ist.formation: (d____'t) h______ t__ + b______ f______You ______________ (+) wear a life jacket.You ____________________ (-) come along.I'm really not very hungry. - Well, you ____________________ eat everything.Can you help me put out the dustbins? - I'm sorry, I ____________________ do my homework.There is a problem with our PS3. - I know, I ____________________ take it to the shop.The train leaves at 4 p.m. We have got lots of time. - Good. So we ____________________ run.We've got a big test tomorrow. - Yeah. I ____________________ study a lot tonight.I don't really like Joe Green. - Well, it's your party. You ____________________ invite him.Where's dad? - He's got a headache. He's in bed so you ____________________ be quiet.Tomorrow is Sunday, so I ____________________ go to school.I ____________________ study for my next English test, because I want to get a good mark.I ____________________ help mum and dad in the kitchen, I just ____________________ tidy my room.

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mightWenn du sagen willst, dass etwas möglicherweise (nicht) eintreten wird, verwendest du m_______ (not) + b______ f______ of the verb.I _______________________ (go/+) to the party.We _______________________ (find/-) their house.It _______________________ (rain/+), so take a coat.He _______________________ (sleep/-) well.I _______________________ (break/+) my leg.The sun _______________________ (be/+) too hot.I _______________________ (get/-) it right.You _______________________ (get/+) into trouble.That dog over there _______________________ (bite/+) you if you get too close.This octopus _______________________ (be/+) poisonous.I _______________________ (get/-) a good mark in our next Maths test.

past time markersUm über Verg_______________ zu erzählen, verwendest du das p_____ simple. Dabei kannst du folgende Zeitangaben verwenden, um auszudrücken, wann etwas geschehen ist:________________________, we spent our holidays in Ireland. (Letzten Sommer)________________________, they rent some bikes. (Eines Tages)________________________, they came to a castle. (Nach einer halben Stunde)________________________, they didn’t want to get in. (Als erstes, Zuerst)________________________they opened the door and went in. (Dann)I last saw her ________________________. (vor drei Wochen)________________________, they came to an old house in the woods. (Eine Minute später)________________________, we found out that a planet is coming towards us. (Vor zwei Monaten)________________________, they started building a spaceship. (Nächsten Tag)________________________, five thousand spaceships were ready. (Nach fünfzig Jahren)________________________, the spaceships arrived at the planet Earth. (Zwanzig Jahre später)________________________, all the spaceships were ready. (Schließlich)

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some - anyWenn du über mehrere (einige) Personen oder Dinge sprichst, aber nicht genau weißt, wie viele es sind, verwendest du _________:I have got _________ sweets for you.Let’s draw _________ pictures.

Für Dinge, die man nicht zählen kann, verwendest du auch some:I’d love _________ ice-cream.My brother gave me _________ chocolate.

Wenn du ausdrücken willst, dass etwas n_________ vorhanden ist oder dass du etwas n_________ willst, verwendest du _________:I haven’t got _________ ideas.I don’t want to draw _________ pictures.

Fragen (questions):Mit some fragst du nach etwas, von dem du weißt, d______ es vorhanden ist.Can I have _________ ice cream?Mit any fragst du, o__ etwas vorhanden ist.Have we got _________ bananas?

A dialogue:Dad: Sue, are there _________ plums and peaches?Sue: There are _________ plums, but there aren't _________ peaches. Are you making fruit salad?Dad: Yes. What have we got?Sue: There are _________ grapes and _________ pears.Dad: Have we got _________ bananas?Sue: No, we haven't got _________.Dad: OK, are there _________ strawberries?Sue: Yes, we have got _________ in the cellar. I'll go and get them.Dad: Thank you, Sue.A minute later...Sue: Here you are, dad. Do you need _________ thing else?Dad: Yes, can I have _________ oranges from the fridge?Sue: Of course, dad. Mum bought _________ yesterday.Dad: Yes, I know, I was with her.Sue: Mmmh, the fruit salad looks great!Dad: Call mum, so that we can eat it together.

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Questions with “Who…?Wenn du mit "Who...?" nach dem Subjekt fragst, verwendest du kein d__, d_____ oder d____:Who put the mummy in the pyramids? (past tense past form)Who goes to school by bus? (present tense immer base form + ___! auch bei Mehrzahl)

Form Who-questions:

The priests put the mummy inside the pyramids.

___________________________________________________________________________

The pharaoh's spirit met Ra.

___________________________________________________________________________

Mum likes chicken.

___________________________________________________________________________

Tutankhamun died when he was 19.

___________________________________________________________________________

We go to bed early.

___________________________________________________________________________

Howard Carter found Tutankhamun's tomb.

___________________________________________________________________________

like doingSo sagst du, dass jemand etwas (nicht) gerne macht:I like playing tennis. She likes watching TV.We don't like reading. He doesn't like running.

formation:positive sentence: p___________ + l______(s) + i____negative sentence: p___________ + d___'t / d______'t l______ + i____Form sentences:I/+/juggle___________________________________________________________________________Mum/+/reading___________________________________________________________________________Dad/-/wash the car___________________________________________________________________________My friends/-/go for walks___________________________________________________________________________They/+/skate___________________________________________________________________________He/-/work out___________________________________________________________________________

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mustn’t ( = must not)Du verwendest mustn’t, um auszudrücken, dass jemand etwas nicht tun darf.Bildung: Person + m______ n___ (=mustn’t) + b_____ f_____You ___________ stay out after dark.You ___________ smoke here.You ___________ take food into this room.

Achtung: Um auszudrücken, dass jemand etwas nicht unbedingt tun muss (nicht zu tun braucht), verwendest du n_______ n___ + b_____ f_____!You ___________ not go shopping.We ___________ not buy a new car, the mechanic could repair the old one.

adverbs of manner:Adverbs of manner geben an, w____ jemand etwas macht:Our gym teacher is always smiling happi___.Nervous___, I told my dad about my bad test.The door slow___ opened.I always do my homework careful___.Bildung: adj___________ + ___loud - _____________slow - _____________careful - _____________

y i + lyhappy - _____________easy - _____________heavy - _____________

Ausnahmen:fast - _____________hard - _____________good - _____________

Possessive pronounsDamit kannst du ausdrücken, wem etwas gehört – ohne dass du den Namen der Person

verwendest.

singular: plural

meines: This is my book. It is m______. unsere: These are our books. They are o______.

deines: This is your book. It is y______. eure: These are your books. They are y______.

seines: This is his book. It is h______. ihre: These are their books. They are t______.

ihres: This is her book. It is h______.

seines: This is its book. It is i______.

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present perfect simpleDu bildest das present perfect mit h_____ oder h______ und dem past participle (=___. Form) des Verbs.He h____ f__________ (fall) off his bike.We h_______ just m________ (move) house.he/she/it h____ + ____ formI, we, you, they h______ + ____ form

Du verwendest das present perfect, um jemandem eine Neuigkeit zu erzählen. Dabei wird nicht erwähnt, w_____ das geschehen ist.I ___________________ (lose) my ring.Sally ___________________ (break) her leg.We___________________ (buy) a new computer.

Wenn du betonen willst, dass etwas g___________ geschehen ist, verwendest du j_______.I h_______ j_______ p_________ (pass) my exam.They h_______ j_______ g_______ (get) married.

Wenn du sagen willst, dass jemand etwas sch____ gemacht hat, kannst du das Wort al__________ verwenden. Das Wort already kommt zw__________ h___/h______ und dem pa___ pa_____________ (=3. Form).I h_______ a_____________ l_________ (log) in.

Wenn du sagen willst, dass etwas n_______ n_______ geschehen ist, verwendest du n____ y____ mit present perfect. Das Wort yet kommt an das Satz_______.I h______n't p__________ (play) it y___.

Wenn du fragen willst, ob jemand irgendw______ in der Vergangenheit etwas getan oder erlebt hat, verwendest du ebenfalls das present perfect. Du verwendest es auch, um auszudrücken, dass du etwas n____ getan oder erlebt hast. Häufig verwendest du in diesen Situationen e_____ und n________.H_______ you e______ s________ (see) a shark?I h_______ n________ s________ (see) a shark.

Übrigens:Das past participle (3rd form) findest du in der 3. Spalte der Verblisten. Bei regelmäßigen Verben hat das past participle die gl________ Form wie das past. Du hängst an die Nennform ein -____ an.pass – pass___ - pass___

Die Formen der unregelmäßigen Verben musst du auswendig lernen.go – w______ – g______

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Some more examples:I __________________ out the dustbins, Mum! (put)My sister ____ just __________ her room. (tidy)We _______ already ____________ a nice present for Granny. (buy)I __________________ the windows (clean), but I __________________ the beds yet. (not make)You __________________ very helpful. (be)Tom is not here, he __________________ out. (go)

irregular verbsgo- ______________ - _______________ cut - ______________ - ______________buy - ______________ - _______________ spill - ______________ - ______________fall - ______________ - _______________ hurt - ______________ - ______________break - ______________ - ______________ do - ______________ - ______________lose - ______________ - _______________ be - _______/_______ - ______________

So do/have I. Neither do/have I.Du verwendest "So do/have I.", um einer pos_________ Aussage zuzustimmen.Du verwendest "Neither do/have I.", um einer neg__________ Aussage zuzustimmen.Fill in "So do/have I." oder "Neither do/have I":I like ice cream. ____________________________ I don't like pears. ____________________________I've got lots of friends. ____________________________I haven't seen her for a long time. ____________________________I really like pop music. ____________________________I've already done my homework. ____________________________I haven't got any money. ____________________________I've got a problem. ____________________________I don't want to go to school today. ____________________________I think caterpillars eat beetles. ____________________________I live in Lunz. ____________________________I've lost my watch. ____________________________I don't know what to do. ____________________________I think hip-hop is great. ____________________________I haven't got a pet. ____________________________I have got a laptop. ____________________________

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will-futureDu verwendest die will-future, um Vorh_____________, Erw_____________ oder Verm_____________ auszudrücken.Bildung: Person + w______ (’ll) + b_____ f_____I worry that I ___________________ bad marks. (bekommen)When they finish their work, they ___________________ out and play in the park. (gehen) When I’m older, I ___________________ to the USA. (gehen)

Verneinung: Person + _____’t (= will not) + b_____ f_____When I’m older, I ___________________ what my parents tell me any more. (tun, machen)

Die will-future steht oft in Verbindung mit Wörtern wie:pro________, per________, m________, h________, th________, wo________, Wh___ I’m o_______,...After dinner we’ll pr____________ watch a video.She h_______ that she won’t get the flu (=Grippe).

every – everybody – everywhereEvery steht immer mit einem N____________ (=Hau__________________)Do you have homework __________________? (jeden Tag)We visit our grandparents ________________________. (jades Wochenende)I looked for my key ____________________, but I couldn’t find it. (überall)__________________ wants to come to Gina’s party. (jeder)

expressing time, location and movement

expressing time (Wann?):...years/month/weeks a____ (vor)O___ F_________ (An einem Freitag) a_____________/e___________(nachmittag, Abend)E________ d_____ (jeden Tag)A f____ m__________ l_____ (wenige Minuten spatter)A_______ a t_____ (nach geraumer Zeit)

expressing location (Wo?):o__ t____ f_______(auf dem Boden)I__ t___ l________ r_____(Im Wohnzimmer)in the m_________ of the room(In der Mitte des Zimmers)

expressing movement (Wohin?):b______ h______ (zurück nach Hause)o____of the k_________ (aus der Küche hinaus)u___ to the b___________(hinauf ins Schlafzimmer)d_____ to the h______(hinunter ins Vorzimmer)

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and – but – because - whoJeremy, __________ is 19, is our best player.I like History, __________ I have always good marks in this subject.Our English teacher gives us homework, __________ he doesn’t give us a lot.Everyone in our family likes sport, __________ I don’t.Our teachers are really nice, __________ they teach very well.He is a bit shy, __________ he is new at our school.I can’t help you with your homework, __________ I’m not good at Maths.Mr Jankins, __________ was our neighbour, moved to Iowa.

will or going to Du verwendest die will-future zur Vorhersage künftiger Ereignisse. Oft verwendet man dabei Wörter wie h_____, th_____, per_______, pro_________, ma______, Wh___ I’__ o_____,...formation: w______ (w____’t) + b______ f______We _______ probably _________ Granny tomorrow. (visit)When I’m older I _______________________ a vet. (not become)I hope I __________________ lots of money when I’m grown up. (earn)

Going to verwendet man, wenn etwas schon beschlossen oder zumindest bereits geplant ist.Oft verwendet man dabei Wörter wie k_______, s________ und c____________.formation: to be (a__, i__, a____) + (not) g_______ t__ + b_____ f_____I ________________________________ my sweetheart. (marry)My daughter ________________________________ a secretary. (be)We ________________________________ our holidays in Hawaii. (spend)

had toHad to ist die past form von m_____!Um auszudrücken, was jemand tun musste, verwendest du had to.formation: person + h___ t__ + b_____ f_____He __________________ shopping. (go)We __________________ hard. (study)I __________________ dad in the garden. (help)Mum __________________ to the dentist, because she had terrible toothache. (go)

to be allowed toUm auszudrücken, was jemand (nicht) tun darf, verwendest du:person + form of t__ b__ (not) + a__________ t___ + b_____ f_____You _______________________________________ in the school building. (run / -)Pupils _______________________________________ gum in school. (chew / -)I _______________________________________ out yesterday. (go out / -)

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We _______________________________________ to the cinema last weekend. (go / -)All of my friends ____________________________________ to my party. (come) – future!Mum, _______________________________________ some ice cream, please? (have)

passive phrasesform of t__ b__ + ____ formPassive phrases verwendest du in den folgenden häufig vorkommenden Wendungen:The statue ______________ of glass. (ist gemacht)My school ______________ in 1957. (wurde gebaut)Madame Tussaud’s museum in London ______________ after a the French woman who started it. (ist benannt)These watches ______________ of plastic. (sind gemacht)forms of to be:present: ____________________ / past: _________________ / future: ____________

phrasal verbsphrasal verb = verb + pre_______________Phrasal verbs haben eine andere Bedeutung als das Verb ohne Zusatz:Look, that’s my girlfriend over there.I often ____________________ our neighbour’s dog. (aufpassen auf)I’m ___________________ my key, I can’t find it. (suchen – present progressive!)

I often watch nature programmes._______________! A car is coming. (Pass auf!)

Let’s knock at the door.Be careful! Don’t _________ the chair _______. (umstoßen)

I can’t find my key.Let’s _________________ where it is. (herausfinden)

would + verbwould (not) + _____ f_____Um zu erfragen oder Vermutungen darüber anzustellen, was jemand in einer bestimmten Situation (nicht) tun wü_____ bzw. was in einer bestimmten Situation (nicht) sein wü_____, verwendest du would (not) + base form des Verbs:Where ___________ you _____? (go)I ______________________ into the past. (travel)That ______________________ great fun! (be)It ______________________ a great problem to have a snake as a pet. (not be)I ______________________ the dog if I got one. (feed)

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possessive pronounsmine - yours - his - hers - its - ours - yours - theirsMit diesen Wörtern kannst du ausdrücken, dass jemand etwas gehört (Besitz). Die possessive pronouns werden ohne das Nomen verwendet, da es schon erwähnt wurde, z.B.:I’ve got someone’s book here. Is it ___________, Frank? (deines)Her skirt is nice, but I like ___________ more. (ihres)Are these drinks ___________? (unsere)It’s a nice bike, but it isn’t ___________. (seines)Your trainers are pink, so I guess you don’t like ___________, because they are green. (meine)

past progressiveformation: w___, w_____ + _____ formMit der past progressive drückst du aus, dass eine (oder mehrere) vergangene Handlung(en) lä______ gedauert hat (haben). Du beschreibst damit auch Handlungen, die zu einem best____________ vergangenen Zeitpunkt stattfanden.I _______________________ (watch)a film together with my friends. We _______________________ (have) a lot of fun on the playground while dad _______________________ (play) tennis.Yesterday at 5 o’clock I _______________________ (do) my homework.

Wenn eine längere Handlung von einer kürzeren unterbrochen wird, verwendest du für die lange Handlung die p_____ pr________________, für das kurze, neu hinzutretende Ereignis die p_____ s_________.He _______________________ (phone), when his mother ___________ (come) in.

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in – on – at - duringMit in, on und at drückst du einen Zeitp____________ aus. During verwendest du, um einen Zeitr_________ auszudrücken.___ + Monat/Jahr/Jahreszeit/Tageszeit ___ + Tage der Woche/Datum___ + Uhrzeit____________ July, we went to Greece.I went to Lima ____________ my holiday in Peru.We started our trip ____________ Monday.I was born ____________ 1972.We came back ____________ the evening.We came back ____________ the sixth of June.I was there ____________ summer.They arrived ____________ 9.00 pm.____________ our flight I was sleeping most of the time.

duration (take to)it + (adverb of frequency) + Form von take + Person + Zeit + to + base form

present:hours usually room. me It takes two tidy to my

than It take my room. me doesn’t more an to hour tidy

you does it How tidy long take your room? to

past:took her ten her homework. minutes It to do

minutes It her to do her homework. more didn’t take than ten

did it do homework? take you How long to your

future:an hour take the lawn. my It mow will brother to

him an the lawn. mow hour It won’t take to

long to will How it take the lawn? you mow

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sentence starters_________________________________ (vor drei Jahren), I went to New York for a holiday.__________________ (letztes Jahr), I visited my cousin in Spain.______________________________________ (an einem sonnigen Morgen), we flew to Lima._____________________________ (am nächsten Nachmittag), we stopped to take some photos.___________________________________ (von Zeit zu Zeit), we watched the beuatiful countryside.________________________ (plötzlich), there was a loud noise.__________ (dann) we had to get out of the train._______________________________ (nach mehreren Stunden), another train came.___________________ (schließlich, endlich), we reached our destination (Ziel).

if-sentences (conditional I) – Fall der WirklichkeitWelche Folgen eine Handlung oder ein Zustand im Allgemeinen hat, drückst du so aus:if-Satz Hauptsatzif + person + _____________________ person + _____________________ If you ______________ (heat) snow, it _______________ (melt).

Welche Folgen eine ganz bestimmte Handlung oder ein ganz bestimmter Zustand hat, drückst du so aus:if-Satz Hauptsatzif + person + _____________________ person + _____________________ If it ___________________ (not rain), we _________________ (go) for a walk this Sunday.eachEach verwendest du, wenn du auf jeden Einzelnen/jedes Einzelne einer meist kleinen Gruppe beziehst. Mit der Pluralform des Nomens oder mit einem Pronomen verwendest du each of.Fill in each or each of:_______________ night before I go to bed, I read a book._______________ the games are nine pounds ninety.I love playing tennis. I get better _______________ time I play.Let’s make Europe a better place for _______________ us._______________ boy in our class likes football.

present progressive with future meaningformation:I + ____ + ____ formhe/she/it + ____ + ____ formwe/you/they + ____ + ____ formWenn etwas bereits gep___________ ist, kannst du in vielen Fällen das present progressive (mit entsprechenden Zeitangaben) verwenden:

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On August 5th we ______________________ (fly) to Greece to spend our holidays there.We ______________________ (interview) our headmaster for the next issue of our schoolmag in April .I’______________________ (take) my girlfriend to the cinema next Thursday.She’______________________ (give) her next concert in Vienna on Friday.

some – anyGrundsätzlich verwendest du ________ in Aussagesätzen und _________ in Fragen und Verneinungen.Is there ________ tea left? - Yes, there is ________ in the kitchen.Ausnahmen bilden Fragesätze, die eine B_________ ausdrücken. In solchen Fragen verwendest du ________.Can I have ________ more coffee, please?Eine weitere Ausnahme bilden Aussagesätze, in denen n________, h________ oder w________ vorkommen. Hier verwendest du ________.There’s hardly ________ chicken left. He could do this exercise without ________ problems. I never have ________ mistakes in my Math homeworks.

modal verbs: able to / allowed toremember: forms of to bepresent: ___, ___, ___past: ____, _____future: ______ ___

to be (not) able to: ausdrücken von Fähigkeit/UnfähigkeitBildung: Person + b__ (not) a_____ t__ + b_____ f_____He ______________________________ find his way back alone. (past tense negation)He ________________________ stay under water for more than two minutes. (present tense)I worry if she ____________________________________ win the match. (future)

to be (not) allowed to: etwas (nicht) tun dürfenBildung: Person + b__ (not) a___________ t__ + b_____ f_____You ______________________________ go out next weekend. (present tense)He ______________________________ smoke at home. (present tense)

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modal verbs: shall / mightshall: In Fragen kannst du shall verwenden, um etwas anzubieten oder um einen Vorschlag zu machen. Bildung: _________ + Person + ________ ________Mit might drückst du Vermutungen aus.Bildung: Person + _________ (not) + ________ ________

Fill in shall or might : If you ask dad, he _________ let you go._________ I call an ambulance?_________ I give you my sweater?_________ we dance?He _________n’t be at the party.

present perfect simpleformation: _____ (he, she, it) or _______ (I, we, you, they) + _____ ________Present perfect mit since (seit wann = Zeitpunkt) und for (wie lange = Zeitstrecke), um auszudrücken, wie lange (for) oder seit wann (since) ein Zustand schon besteht:

Put the sentences into present perfect and fill in for or since : We ________________________ (not meet) ______ Easter.I ________________________ (be) afraid of snakes ______ I was a child.You ________________________ (be) on the phone ______ over an hour now!I ________________________ (not tidy) my room ______ over a month.

Present perfect mit never, often oder sometimes, um auszudrücken, dass jemand in einem Zeitraum, der bis zur Gegenwart andauert etwas nie/oft/manchmal gemacht hat:I _______ never __________ (be) to the USA.How often _______ you _________ (be) late for school?We ________ sometimes _________ to the cinema together.

present perfect continuous:formation: ____ / ________ (not) + ________ + _____ form

Das present perfect continuous wird verwendet, um auszudrücken, womit sich jemand in le_________ Z______ oder schon geraume Zeit beschäftigt hat und um zu beschreiben, was schon seit ein________ Z______ vor sich geht.

Fill in present perfect continuous:I __________________________________ (wait) for you for nearly an hour.

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I __________________________________ (try) to do my homework, but I can’t answer all the questions.We __________________________________ (work) on a school project for more than a month now and we still haven’t finished.Mum __________________________________ (not feel) well since Saturday.They __________________________________ (watch) videos all afternoon.We __________________________________ (study) since 5 o’clock. I think it’s enough now.

if-sentences (conditional II) – Fall der MöglichkeitDamit drückst du aus, was sein könnte oder wie jemand/etwas sein könnte, wenn ein bestimmtes Ereignis oder ein Umstand eintreten sollte:Beachte: normalerweise kein “w________” im if-Satz!if-Satz Hauptsatzif + person + _____________ person + __________ + ______ ______If I _______________ (be) more concentrated, I _______________ (get) better marks.All the girls at school _______________ (fall) in love with me if I _______________ (look) like David Beckham.If I _______________ (have) a bike, I _______________ (ride) to school with it.He says that he _______________ (leave) tomorrow if he _______________ (can).

adverbs of mannerformation: adj____________ + ____loud - _____________, careful - ________________, quick - ________________, …Adverbs of manner beschreiben, w___ jemand etwas macht und beziehen sich immer auf ein V_______. Man fragt danach mit H______.He was smiling _______________ (happy). How was he smiling?She went away _______________ (angry). How did she go away?

Adjectives hingegen beziehen sich immer auf ein N___________ oder ein F_____________ (Pronomen). Man fragt danach mit W_______ (Was für ein...).

He is a _______________ (slow) worker. What is he?My sister is a very _______________ (funny) person. What is my sister?

NO ADVERB after:a) verbs of feelings:l______, so________, se______, t________, sm______ and f_______:The soup tastes _______________ (excellent). You look _______________ (terrible).

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b) forms of to be (a , i , a , w , w , wi b ):He is _______________ (happy).They were really _______________ (friendly).

other exceptions:good - ___________ late - ___________fast - ___________ near - ___________hard - ___________ friendly - __________________________

adverb – adjective (tricky words)Write the German meanings into the brackets:hard (___________) - hardly (___________)I ___________ ever go for a walk.He is a ___________ worker.

late (___________) - lately (____________________)She is sometimes ___________ for school.I haven’t met him ___________.

near (___________) - nearly (___________)He lives ___________ the church.Yesterday I ___________ had an accident.

high (___________) - highly (___________)This is a ___________ interesting film.Big Ben is a ___________ clocktower.

irregular comparison of adjectivesgood - ____________ - the ____________bad - ____________ - the ____________much - ____________ - the ____________many - ____________ - the ____________little - ____________ - the ____________

This is the ____________ restaurant in town. (good)My Maths test was ____________ (bad), but Peggy’s one was even ____________ (bad).My sister reads ____________ (many) books, but her friend reads even ____________ (many).Dad takes ____________ (little) sugar for his coffee than Mum.

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past perfect tenseDas past perfect verwendest du für Handlungen, die noch w_______ zu_________________ als Handlungen in der p_______. Deshalb steht das past perfect sehr häufig in Verbindung mit der past tense.

When I ________________ (get) out of the supermarket, I ________________ (find) that someone ________________ (steal) my bike.Our teacher ________________ (get) really angry when five of us ________________ (tell) him, that they ________________ (not do) their homework.I ________________ (not go) to the movies, because I ________________ (see) the film twice already.The baby ________________ (cry – past progressive!) because it ________________ (lose) its dummy (Schnuller).

Past perfect with after and before:After I ________________ (wash) the dishes, I ________________ (put) out the dustbins.Before she ________________ (help) that in the garden, she ________________ (have) to finish her homework.

How to link sentencesTime: w_______ (als), u_______ (bis) – a__ (als) - at f________ (zuerst)..., but th____ (aber dann)Place: w______ (wo)Consequence (Folge): s__...th____ (sodass)Reason (Begründung): b___________ (weil)Contrast (Gegensatz): b___ (aber)Relative Clause (Relativsatz): w____ - w_______ - t______ (welcher, welche, welches)w____ for p_________w_______ or t_______ for th________

Reported speech – general rulesUm zu berichten, was jemand gesagt hat, benötigst du die reported speech. Ist das reporting verb (say, tell, mention, point out, add,...) in p__________ tense oder handelt es sich um Ta______________, werden die Zeitformen der direkten Rede beibehalten.

The teacher said, “The earth turns around the sun.” ( fact, true )

She says, “I have never eaten spinach.”

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Steht das reporting verb jedoch in der p______ tense, musst du die Zeiten wie folgt ändern:present tense ________________________past tense ________________________present perfect tense ________________________past perfect tense ________________________will future ________________________

Sue said, “He was really charming.”

She thought, “I will have a cup of tea.”

He said, “I am happy.”

reflexive pronounsDu verwendest das reflexive pronoun, um auszudrücken, dass jemand etwas se_____ tun kann oder wenn Subjekt und Objekt in einem Satz id_________ sind. Achte auf die Schreibweise:singular = -sel__ plural = -sel____singular:I....................................I can do the homework __________________.you...............................Did you paint this picture __________________?he..................................Tom makes the bed __________________.she................................Sue can see __________________in the mirror.it...................................The dog eats all the bone __________________.plural:we.................................We cook __________________.you...............................Did you plant the trees __________________?they..............................The vampires changed __________________into bats.

passivesformation: t__ b__ + ____ formFür Handlungen, bei denen es entweder kl___ oder unw________ ist, wer etwas tut oder getan hat, verwendest du das passive. Wenn du erwähnen möchtest, von wem oder was etwas getan wird oder wurde, verwendest du das sogenannte b__-ob_______.

present simple passive:Every year the museum _______________________ (visit) by thousands of people.5 million litres of coke _______________________ (drink) by Americans every year.

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past simple passive:The road _______________________ (block) by fallen trees.Forty-two people _______________________ (kill) in the plane crash last week.

future passive:The bridge _______________________ (open) by the president.This skyscraper _______________________ (build) by a famous architect.

present perfect passive:I _________________________________ (ask) by many people to reply to you.

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E4***********************************************************************

adverbs of degreeAdverbs of degree beschreiben vor allem Ad_____________, andere Ad__________ und Ve_______ näher?

Underline the adverbs of degree, write down the words which are described by them and add the kind of word it is:

example:I’ve almost forgotten to post the letter. forgotten = verb_________________ Yesterday I felt really bad. ________________________________________She left the room very quietly. ________________________________________She has almost finished her work. ________________________________________That man over there is both, extremely well-dressed and good looking. ________________________________________He drove extremely carefully because of the bad road. ________________________________________

might – may – could - shouldAusdrücken, was in einer bestimmten vergangenen Situation möglicherweise (nicht) geschehen ist.Bildung: might/may/could + h_______ + _____ formThere __________________________ a terrible storm. (might be)She __________________________ the train. (may miss)Hijackers __________________________ over the plane. (could take)

Ausdrücken, was jemand in einer vergangenen Situation (nicht) hätte tun sollen.

Bildung: should + h_______ + _____ formI __________________________ so much. (should drink)They __________________________ him to hospital. (should take)

phrasal verbsPhrasal verbs sind Verben, die in Verbindung mit anderen Wörtern gebraucht werden.Underline the phrasal verbs and write down their German meanings:The taxi drives off. (______________________)Sit down, please. (______________________)He moves about the room as he is talking on the phone. (______________________)Watch out! A fox is crossing the street. (______________________)The beggar always hangs about in our street. (______________________)Hold on a minute, sir. (______________________)I can fix that up for you. (______________________)

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He was longing for a quiet Christmas. (______________________)I’m not putting up with that. (______________________)Hurry up, we are nearly too late for checking in. (______________________)I’ll sort it out for you. (______________________)

want someone to do somethingformation: person + (adv________ of fr_____________) + w_____ + ob_______ (person or personal pronoun object case) + t__ + b______ f________So kannst du einer anderen Person mitteilen, dass sie etwas Bestimmtes tun oder nicht tun soll:Find the correct order of the sentences:you I carefully. want to do the exercise

study Our want teachers harder. us to

at 8 o’clock. me want back to My parents be

to date doesn’t want My girlfriend me other girls.

I my to a new computer. dad wanted buy

always Mum my room. me wants to tidy

Reported speech – other changesI, we, my, our ____ personhere

now

this / these

today

yesterday

the day before yesterday

tomorrow

the day after tomorrow

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last week/month/year

a year ago

next week/month/year

howeverHowever ist etwas formeller als “but” und kann sowohl am B__________ des Satzes, nach dem Satzglied, das eingeschränkt werden soll, oder am E________ des Satzes stehen. Vor und (oder) nach however steht immer ein K___________.

Rewrite the sentences using the other two possibilities:Most schools in Austria are for girls and boys. Some schools in Vienna, however, are for girls only.a)

b)

In winter, it snows a lot in Austria. However, the summer can be very hot.a)

b)

I made a joke. The other kids in my class didn’t think it was very funny, however.a)

b)

Reported orders and requestsformation: tell/ask + ob_________ + (not) t__ + b______ f________

He said, “Come to me, please.”___________________________________________________________________________She said, “Keep away from this boy.”___________________________________________________________________________He said, “Meet me in Park Road.”___________________________________________________________________________He shouted at us, “Come at once!”___________________________________________________________________________ “Mum - buy me new jeans, please.”___________________________________________________________________________He said, “Don't move boys!”___________________________________________________________________________Dad said, “Don’t make stupid phone calls.”___________________________________________________________________________

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Reported questionVerb meist “a____” oder “w_____ to kn_____”

With question words: The question word must be repeated in the reported question.He said, “Why didn't you turn off the light?” ___________________________________________________________________________She said, “Where do you buy your bread?”___________________________________________________________________________

Without a question word:In this case you must use i__ or wh__________ (ob):He said, “Are you afraid?”___________________________________________________________________________She said, “Did you see him at Jim's party?”___________________________________________________________________________

Gerund (ing forms of verbs)After li___, lo___ and ha___, you can either use the ing-form or the infinitive.

1) As a verbal noun:________________ is healthy. (swim)The ________________ of cigarettes is unhealthy. (smoke)

2) After prepositions:Are you thinking of ________________ next year? (marry)Magnetic island is a great place for ________________ scuba diving. (practise)You’ll dream of ________________ back next summer. (come)

3) After certain verbs: (dis)like, enjoy, fancy, feel like, remember, finish, imagine, practise, stop, not mind, preferDo you fancy ________________ in a nice hotel? (stay)I prefer ________________ by plane. (travel)Practise ________________ English and you will get better. (speak)

if-clausesPut a comma only when the “if” is at the _________________ of a sentence!Conditional I: (was sein wird, wenn ein best. Ereignis eintritt) = Fall der Wirklichkeitif-Satz Hauptsatzif + person + _____________________ person + _____________________ If you __________ (drive) carefully, you __________________ (not have) an accident.For facts: If you ________ (heat) snow, it _________ (melt). (2x _____________________!)

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Conditional II: (was sein könnte, wenn ein best. Ereignis oder ein Umstand eintreten würde) =Fall der Möglichkeitif-Satz Hauptsatzif + person + _____________________ person + _____________________ If I _____________ (move) to France, _________ you __________ (come) with me?

Conditional III: (was sein hätte können, wenn ein best. Ereignis oder ein Umstand eingetreten wäre) = Fall der Unmöglichkeitif-Satz Hauptsatzif + person + _____________________ person + __________________________ I __________________________ (meet) you if I _____________________ (not come) to the party.

Contact clausesRelativsätze ohne einleitendes Relativpronomen:He is the kind of person that you want to keep away from.Hier kannst du das Relativpronomen “that” weglassen, da darauf ein Pron________ (you) folgt.Rewrite the sentence without „that“ and underline the pronoun:___________________________________________________________________________

I don’t really like the CD which my sister gave me for my birthday.Hier kannst du das Relativpronomen “which” ebenfalls weglassen, da darauf ein No_______ (my sister) folgt.Rewrite the sentence without „which“ and underline the noun:___________________________________________________________________________

Do you know a shop in town which sells mountain bikes?Hier darfst du das Relativpronomen “which” n_____ weglassen, da darauf kein N_________ oder Pron__________, sondern z.B. ein V______ (sell) folgt.

mightformation: _________ (not) + ________ ________Might kann auch in der Bedeutung wü______ viel__________ verwendet werden, zum Beispiel:

If you went on holiday to Ireland...... you ______________________ Dublin. (visit)... you ______________________ around by bike. (go)... you ______________________ Blarney Castle. (visit)... you ______________________ a horse-drawn caravan. (rent)

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participle clausesMit participle clauses kannst du Sätze verk_________.

Rewrite the sentences using participle clauses (ing form):Yesterday, I saw some strangers and they were hanging around in the park.___________________________________________________________________________Dad was in his study and he was reading a book.___________________________________________________________________________I saw some kids as they were running up the hill.___________________________________________________________________________I am someone who is trying not to be a lazybone.___________________________________________________________________________

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More********************************************************************

conjunctionsFill in the English meanings:

nachdem oder obwohl deshalb und sodass da / als, während deshalb weil als sowohl als auch nicht nur...sondern auch aber, sondern trotzdem entweder...oder weder...noch jedoch um...zu falls, wenn wohingegenwährend

formation of tenses:present simple: present progressive: past simple: past progressive: present perfect simple: present perfect progressive: past perfect: past perfect progressive: will future: going to future: conditional I: conditional II:

irregular verbsburn - ______________ - _______________ spill - ______________ - ______________get - ______________ - ______________ read- ______________ - ______________put - ______________ - ______________ make - ______________ - ______________be - ______________ - ______________ buy - ______________ - ______________sit - ______________ - ______________ find - ______________ - ______________do - ______________ - ______________ send - ______________ - ______________drink - ______________ - ______________ hold - ______________ - ______________eat - ______________ - ______________ hurt - ______________ - ______________

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sing - ______________ - ______________ speak - ______________ - ______________give - ______________ - ______________ feel - ______________ - ______________ride - ______________ - ______________ let - ______________ - ______________cut - ______________ - ______________ steal - ______________ - ______________write - ______________ - ______________ leave - ______________ - ______________forget - ______________ - ______________ spend - ______________ - ______________see - ______________ - ______________ sell - ______________ - ______________go - ______________ - ______________ fight - ______________ - ______________wake - ______________ - ______________ win - ______________ - ______________shake - ______________ - ______________ sting - ______________ - ______________become - ______________ - ______________ grow - ______________ - ______________

keywordspresent simple: a_________ of f_________ (a_________, o_________, so_________, u_________, n_________,...), e_________present continuous: L_________!, L_________!, n_________, a__ t___ m_________past simple: y_________, l_________..., a_________past continuous: w_________, w_________present perfect simple: n_________, e_________, o_________, so_________, al_________, j_________, (not) y_________, so f_________, t____ n____, up to n____present perfect continuous: a___ d_____, f___ 4 years, s______ 1993, h____ l______?, the wh____ weekpast perfect: a_________, b_________will future: h_________, th_________, w_________, m_________, pr_________, pe_________, po_________, W______ I’m o_______...going to future: k_________, s_________, c_________

pronouns (subject case, object case, possessives)personal pronouns:subject case: singular: plural:________________________________ Stehen immer an Stelle eines S___________ und somit meist am Satza____________._____ is tall. _____ like football. _____ are helpful.

object case: singular: plural:________________________________ Stehen immer an Stelle eines O_____________ und daher n____ am Satzanfang.This bike belongs to _____. Tell _____ about the accident.

possessives: singular: plural:________________________________ Stehen meist vor einem N__________ (Hauptwort).This is _____ sweater. Give them back _____ tickets.

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relative pronouns – who/which/that1. For persons we use w___ (wh____ = 2. Fall, wh__/wh____ = 4. Fall)The woman ________ lives next door is Mrs.Jennings.This is the man ________ daughter went to Australia.This is the old man for ________ my mother cooks.or:This is the old man ________ my mother cooks for.

2. For animals and things we use wh_____(whose/of which = 2.Fall , which = 4.Fall)This is the dog ________ bit Ronny.The bike ________ light is broken is mine.or:The bike of ________ the light is broken is mine.

3. THAT must be used:a) after: a___, everyth_____, everyb_____, some_______, someb_______, someo____, anyth____, anyb____, anyo___, noth____, nob_____, no o____, mu___, li_____, fe__, the on___,…There’s nothing ________ you can do.b) after sup______________: the first, the last, the best, the most exciting,..This is the best book ________ I’ve ever read.c) when referring to a per_____ and an an________ at the same time The man and the dog ________ we met in the park live next door.

4. WHICH refers to a sentence (bezieht sich auf einen ganzen Satz)He told us that he had no money, ________ was not true.We had to sleep outside, ________ was terribly cold.She was late again, ________ made him angry.

5. WHAT = the thing / things that = that which (das was)The things that we saw in the castle frightened us. = ________ we saw in the castle frightened us.When dad sees the things you´ve done he´ll be angry. = When father sees ________ you´ve done he´ll be angry.

will – want – wouldwant (w__________ ):will (w__________) - future tense:would (w________) - conditional

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If he won in the lottery, he ________buy a new car.When I’m older I ________buy myself a car.Do you ________a lolly?I ________to become a vet. They ________ed to go skiing, but the weather was too bad.I hope he ________win the match.________you like an apple?

there is / there areEinzahl (singular) = there _____:Mehrzahl (plural) = there _____:There ____one orange.There ____ten apples.There ____ a T-shirt.There ____five oranges.There ____an apple.There ____ three T-shirts.

much/little – many/fewmuch = ________little = ________Much/little is always used with the s______________!many = ________few = ________Many/few is always used with the p________!

Fill in much/little or many/few:There is ________/________ sugar in my tea.There are ________/________ children in the room.There are ________/________ pupils in our school.Last year we had ________/________ snow in Lower Austria.

negations:present simple:he/she/it: d_______’t + base formShe plays.... / She d______’t play....I, you, we, they: d____’t + base formI watch.... / I d_____’t watch....

past simple:d_____’t + base form for all personsHe visited.... / He d_____’t visit...

Note:No do/does for auxiliary verbs like:a__, i__, a___, c___, ma__, mu___, w_____, sh____,

No did for:w___, w____, c_____, mi_____, sh______

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In all other tenses (progressive tenses, present and past perfect, will and going to future, conditional I+II) you just add a not.They have (have__’__) done... It is (is__’__) crying.She will (wo__’__) get a good mark.

to beto be in present: ___ (I), ___ (he, she, it), ____ (we, you, they, plural)to be in past:____ (I, he, she, it), _____ (we, you, they, plural)to be in present perfect: _____ ________ (he, she, it), _____ ________ (all other persons)to be in past perfect: _____ ________ (all persons)to be in future: ________ ____ (all persons)

usage of tenses1 present simple: einmalige/wiederholte Handlung in Vergangenheit,

aufeinander folgende Handlungen inVergangenheit, neue eintretende Handlung, die eine im Ablauf befindliche Handlung unterbricht

2 present continuous: bereits bestehende Absicht hinsichtlich der Zukunft, logische Schlussfolgerung hinsichtlich der Zukunft (Anzeichen sichtbar)

3 past simple: das Ergebnis wird betont, eben abgeschlossene Handlung, abgeschl. Handlung mit Einfluss auf dieGegenwart, bis zum Zeitpunkt des Sprechens nie, 1x oder mehrmals stattgefundene Handlung

4 past continuous: die Handlung wird betont (nicht das Ergebnis), bis in die Gegenwart andauernde Handlung, Handlung, die in der Vght. begonnen hat und noch immer andauert

5 present perfect simple: Handlung, die möglicherweise eintreten könnte6 present perfect

continuous: einmalige/wiederholte Handlung in Gegenwart, allgemeine Gültigkeit, festgelegte Handlungen in der Zukunft (Fahrplan)

7 past perfect: lange Handlung in Vergangenheit, gleichzeitig ablaufende Handlungen, längere Handlung, die durch eine neue

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(kürzere) Handlung unterbrochen wird,Handlung zu einem bestimmten vergangenen Zeitpunkt (at..., between ... and ...)

8 will future: nicht beeinflussbares Geschehen in der Zukunft, spontaner Entschluss, Vermutungen hinsichtlich der Zukunft

9 going to future: Handlung passiert im Augenblick des Sprechens, für bereits geplante Handlung in der Zukunft (genaue Zeitangabe muss dabeistehen)

10 conditional I: Handlung vor einem Zeitpunkt der Vergangenheit, steht immer in Verbindung mit der past tense

11 conditional II: Handlung, die möglicherweise in der Vergangenheit eingetreten wäre

One sentence in all tensespresent simple: He drinks some water every day.present continuous: past simple: past continuous: present perfect simple: present perfect continuous: past perfect: past perfect continuous: will future: going to future: conditional I: conditional II:

Dates:Im britischen Englisch steht der Tag vor dem Monat. Die letzten beiden Buchstaben der Ordnungszahl können an den Tag angehängt werden.example: 25. September 2005 = 25th September, 20054.April 2011 = _______________________ 27.Jänner 2001 = _______________________1.August 2009 = _______________________ 7.Februar 2008 = _______________________22.Dezember 2000 = ____________________ 31.Oktober 1999 = _______________________11.Mai 2011 = _______________________ 13.Juli 2001 = _______________________3.März 2007 = _______________________ 20.Juni 2006 = _______________________

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18.September 1998 = ____________________ 29.November 2001 = _______________________

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Documents

My sister Marlene - lernen.eduhi.atlernen.eduhi.at/english/gcards/gcrev.docx · Web viewSo kannst du einer anderen Person mitteilen, dass sie etwas Bestimmtes tun oder nicht tun