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Genexpressionsprofile in der Praxis Jahrestagung Österr. Gesellschaft für Senologie 14.10.2010 Michael Knauer Zertifiziertes Brustzentrum Vorarlberg LKH Feldkirch Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam

The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

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Page 1: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Genexpressionsprofile in der Praxis

Jahrestagung Österr. Gesellschaft für Senologie14.10.2010

Michael Knauer

Zertifiziertes Brustzentrum VorarlbergLKH Feldkirch

Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdam

Page 2: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

30 Jahre Fortschritt in der Krebsforschung

1980

Normale Zelle Tumor

?

2010

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Interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit

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Wie schlimm ist mein Krebs?Wie schlimm ist mein Krebs? Hilft mir das Medikament?Hilft mir das Medikament?

Individuelle Therapie

Vermeiden von Vermeiden von ÜÜberber-- und Unterbehandlungund Unterbehandlung Individualisierte TherapieIndividualisierte Therapie

Zwei wichtige Fragen

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Kaplan-Meier Survival Curve

Einschätzung des Rezidivrisikos

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• Ähnliche klinisch-pathologische Eigenschaften

• Unterschiedlicher Verlauf

• Adjuvante Therapie auf Basis von Richtlinien

• Alter• Tumorgröße• Grad• Lymphknoten-Status• Hormonrezeptoren• Her2-Status

Einschätzung des Rezidivrisikos

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St. Gallen 2007

• Low risk: T1, N0, Grad 1, Alter > 35, ER/PR +, Her2 -

St. Gallen All Patients: n (%) Highly + Incompletely Responsive, Her2-negative

Low risk 145 (9%) 141 (16%)

Intermediate risk 1287 (76%) 714 (79%)

High risk 190 (11%) 42 (5%)

Not available 74 (4%) 6 (1%)

Total 1696 903/1696 (53)%

Knauer et al., St.Gallen 2009, abstract 72

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• 3.5% profitieren von Chemotherapie• 100% haben Risiko von Nebenwirkungen

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Mikro-skop Micro-array

Neue diagnostische Möglichkeitenvom Mikro-skop zum Micro-array

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Entwicklung Multigen-Assays

Neue Klassifikation: intrinsic subtypes1

Entwicklung von prognostischen Profilen2

Prat, Perou, Nat Med 2009Parker et al., JCO 2009

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Paradigmenwechsel

Weg von vornehmlichstadienbasierter

Risikoabschätzung…

…hin zur Integration vonindividuellen, biologiebasierten

Risikoprofilen

Page 12: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Entwicklung Multigen-Assays

van t’Veer et al., Nature 2002van de Vijver et al., NEJM 2002

Page 13: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Wie funktioniert es?

Tumor RNA

Referenz RNA

Gene 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Über-Expression

Unter-Expression

Gleiche Expression

Aktive Gene mRNA

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Profile beim MammakarzinomProfil Gewebe Technik Evidenzlevel

70-Genprofil (MammaPrint) fresh - frozen DNA

microarray III

21-Gen Recurrence Score (OncotypeDX) FFPE rt-PCR II

HOXB13/IL17BR ratio (Breast Cancer Index) FFPE rt-PCR III

Genomic Grade Index (MapQuant Dx) fresh - frozen DNA

microarray III

Molecular subtypes (PAM50) FFPE rt-PCR III

76-Genprofil (Rotterdam) fresh - frozen DNA

microarray III

Wound-response signature fresh - frozen DNA

microarray III

...

Page 15: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Entwickelt aus 78 eingefrorenen TumorprobenEntwickelt aus 78 eingefrorenen Tumorproben11

Validiert in 3 unabhValidiert in 3 unabhäängigen Studienngigen Studien22--44

1: van 1: van ‘‘t Veer et al, Nature 2002t Veer et al, Nature 20022: van de Vijver et al, NEJM 20022: van de Vijver et al, NEJM 2002

3: Buyse et al, JNCI 20063: Buyse et al, JNCI 20064: Bueno4: Bueno--dede--Mesquita,BCRT 2008Mesquita,BCRT 2008

70-Genprofil MammaPrint™

-- Stadium I/IIStadium I/II

-- ER+ und ERER+ und ER--

-- N0 uN0 und nd N1N1

-- FDAFDA-- und ISOund ISO--zertifiziertzertifiziert

Page 16: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

PROLIFERATIONKi-67

STK15Survivin

Cyclin B1MYBL2

ESTROGENERPR

Bcl2SCUBE2

INVASIONStromolysin 3Cathepsin L2

HER2GRB7HER2

BAG1

GSTM1

REFERENCE

Beta-actinGAPDHRPLPO

GUSTFRC

CD68

16 Cancer and 5 Reference Genes From 3 Studies

Category RS (0 – 100)Low risk RS < 18Intermediate risk

RS 18 - 30

High risk RS ≥ 31

Paik et al, NEJM 2004Habel et al, BCRT 2006

21-gene recurrence score – Oncotype Dx™

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Stabilität und Reproduzierbarkeit

Oct-2005 May-2006 Nov-2006 June-2007 Dec-2007 July-2008-1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Date

Mam

maP

rint

Inde

x

LRC (n=284HRC (n=284)

Glas et al. BMC Genomics 2006

Page 18: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Stabilität und Reproduzierbarkeit

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4

IGR (France)

Agendia (Netherlands)

Agilent (USA

-1.0

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Mam

maP

rin

t O

utc

om

e

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4

IGR (France)

Agendia (Netherlands)

Agilent (USA

-1.0

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Mam

maP

rin

t O

utc

om

e

-1.0

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Mam

maP

rin

t O

utc

om

e

Ach et al. BMC Genomics 2007

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21-Genscore: NSABP-B14

Courtesy S. Paik

Page 20: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Metastasenfreies Überleben (n=369)

0 2 4 6 8 100

20

40

60

80

100

Good prognosis (n=286, 78%)Poor prognosis (n=83, 22%)

Jahre

Proz

ent

Krebsspezifisches Überleben (n=369)

0 2 4 6 8 100

20

40

60

80

100

Good prognosis (n=286, 78%)Poor prognosis (n=83, 22%)

Jahre

Proz

ent

HR 4.4 (2.6-7.3), p<0.001 HR 4.9 (2.5-9.8), p<0.001

Knauer et al, St.Gallen Konsensus 2009

70-Genprofil Rezeptor-positives Karzinom, keine adj. Therapie

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Bueno-de-Mesquita et al., Lancet Oncol. 2007

Machbarkeitsstudie Implementierung MammaPrint 2004 – 2006

16 öffentliche Krankenhäuser in den Niederlanden

427 Patienten

51% low risk, 49% high risk

4 Jahre Nachbeobachtung

Erste prospektive Ergebnisse 2011

Raster Studie

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• 2 prospektiv randomisierte Studien laufen:

TAILORx (USA): 21-Genscore: >10.000 Frauen

MINDACT (Europa): 70-Genprofil: > 6.000 Frauen,

24.9.2010: 4.335 eingeschlossen

• Rekrutierung bis 2012, Ergebnisse noch später

• seit 2004: >100.000 OncotypeDx Tests, jede 8. Patientin

Page 23: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

St. Gallen vs. 70-Genprofil

Mammaprint All Patients: n (%) Highly + Incompletely Responsive, Her2-negative

Low risk 792 (47%) 564 (63%)

High risk 904 (53%) 339 (37%)

Total 1696 903

Knauer et al., St.Gallen 2009, abstract 72Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084

Page 24: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

• Ergebnisse sind logisch und nachvollziehbar

• Unabhängige Information über Prognose

einer einzelnen Patientin

• Überprüft in mehreren unabhängigen Studien

Prognostischer Wert

Page 25: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Interessant zu wissen

Veränderung dieser (schlechten) Prognose

Vorhersage des Ansprechens auf die Behandlung

Wer profitiert von welcher Therapie?

Page 26: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Chemotherapie hat wenig Effekt auf späte Rezidive

Kein Effektvon Chemo

Wirkung von Chemotherapie Oxford Overview EBCTCG

Berry, 2006; Ravdin 2008

Page 27: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Chemotherapie: 21-Genscore• Retrospektive Analyse der randomisierten

SWOG-8814 Studie

• 367 Patientinnen mit nodal-positivem Karzinom

Albain et al., Lancet Oncol 2010

Page 28: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

DDFS

Albain et al., Lancet Oncol 2010

Page 29: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Albain et al., Lancet Oncol 2010

BCSS

Page 30: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Chemotherapie: 70-Genprofil

Knauer et al., BCRT 2010

BCSS: MammaPrint LOW RISK(n=252)

0 1 2 3 4 50

20

40

60

80

100

ET (n=174, 69% )ET+CT (n=78, 31% )

99%97%

Time in years

Perc

ent s

urvi

val

BCSS: MammaPrint HIGH RISK(n=289)

0 1 2 3 4 50

20

40

60

80

100

ET (n=141, 49%)ET+CT (n=148, 51%)

94%

81%

Time in years

Perc

ent s

urvi

val

HR 0.58 (0.07‐4.98)p=0.62

HR 0.21 (0.07‐0.59)p<0.01

13% absolute benefit

Page 31: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Chemotherapie: 70-Genprofil

Knauer et al., BCRT 2010

Page 32: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009

Neoadjuvante Chemotherapie

Patientenn = 167

Patientenn = 167

Low RiskSignature

n = 23 (14%)

Low RiskSignature

n = 23 (14%)

pCR (axilla+breast)n = 29 (20%)

pCR (axilla+breast)n = 29 (20%)

High RiskSignature

n = 144 (86%)

High RiskSignature

n = 144 (86%)

pCR (axilla+breast)

n = 0

pCR (axilla+breast)

n = 0p=0.015p=0.015

2 klinische StudienT-Stadium >3 cm und/oder pos. LKUltraschall-StanzbiopsienMRIHistologie

Anthrazyklin-Schema 85Anthrazyklin-Taxan 31Capecitabine 14PTC 37

Page 33: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009

Prognose nach neoadjuvanter Chemotherapie

Page 34: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

1. Patientinnen mit “Low Risk” 70-Genprofil haben eine sehr gute Chance, gesund zu bleiben. Die adjuvante Chemotherapie hat nur einen geringen, nicht signifikanten Benefit gegenüber Hormontherapie alleine

2. Patientinnen mit “High Risk” 70-Genprofil haben ein hohes Risiko für Fernmetastasen und zeigen einen signifikanten Benefit von zusätzlicher Chemotherapie

3. MINDACT, die europaweite klinische Studie wird wahrscheinlich diese retrospektiven Analyse bestätigen

Zusammenfassung prädiktiver Wert

Page 35: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

• Präoperative Stanzbiopsie ist Routine: ER, PR, Her2

• Möglichkeit der Genexpressionsanalyse

• Hohe Wahrscheinlichkeit für pCR: genaue Markierung und Responsemonitoring essentiell

• Lokalrezidivrate abhängig von molekularen Subtypen: Optimale Lokaltherapie

Individualisierung der Therapiebeginnt vor der OP

Page 36: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

• Operationsplanung und Logistik• Stanzbiopsie aus dem frischen Tumor gleichzeitig mit

Resektionsrandbeurteilung• Verarbeitung innerhalb einer Stunde:

RNA-Konservierung• 7 Tage bis zur Verarbeitung: Lagerung bei -80°C

Perioperative Veränderungen

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21-Genscore

Page 42: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Einsatz MammaPrint am LKH FeldkirchJA:Invasiv duktale KarzinomeGrad 1-30-3 positive LymphknotenHormonrezeptoren positivFamiliäre Belastung: BRCA1,2

NEIN:Invasiv lobuläre KarzinomeTriple negative TumorenHer2 positive Tumore DCIS

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Page 44: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

(1) If the patient is highly endocrine-responsive, otherwise consider CT

(2) If the patient is highly endocrine-responsive: ET only is an option, no adjuvant therapy is not advised

Page 45: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

St. Gallen 2009Chemo-

EndokrinNicht

zielführendEndokrin

Rezeptoren ER und PR niedrig

ER und PR hoch

Grad Grad 3 Grad 2 Grad 1

Proliferation Hoch Mittel Niedrig

Lymphknoten ≥ 4 1 – 3 0

PVI Extensive PVI

Tumorgröße > 5cm 2,1 – 5 cm ≤ 2cm

Patientenwunsch Alle Therapie-optionen

Vermeidung von NW

Multigensignatur High risk Intermediate Low risk

Page 46: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Microarray

Chemo-therapie

Prognose schlecht

Hormon-therapie

Target-therapie

Full

gen

om

e ar

ray

Tumor

Page 47: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Chemo-therapie

Prognose schlecht

Hormon-therapie

Target-therapie

Full

gen

om

e ar

ray

Tumor

Page 48: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Chemo-therapie

Prognose schlecht

Hormon-therapie

Target-therapie

Full

gen

om

e ar

ray

Tumor

Page 49: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Chemo-therapie

Prognose schlecht

Hormon-therapie

Target-therapie

Full

gen

om

e ar

ray

Tumor

Page 50: The 70-Gene Profile and Chemotherapy Benefit in Early Stage … · 2019. 9. 2. · Knauer et al., SABCS 2008, abstract 1084 ... Straver et. al., Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009 Neoadjuvante

Vielen DankNetherlands Cancer Institute:

E. Rutgers, S. Linn, L. van ‘t Veer, S. Mook, V. Retel, J. Bueno-de-Mesquita, M. Kok, W. van Harten, S. Rodenhuis, M. van de Vijver

Österreich:

A. Haid, E. Wenzl, Z. Jasarevic, R. Bartsch, M. Gnant