OPEN SCIENCE

SÖNKE BARTLING (dkfz)

SASCHA FRIESIKE (Humboldt Institut für Internet und

Gesellschaft)

Monde des

JupitersCosimo di MediciGallileo

Saturn

Kepler und

Kollegen

smaismrmilmepoetaleumibunenugttauirasAltissimum planetam tergeminum

observavi

Ringe des

SaturnsCosimo di MediciGallileo

Closed ScienceNielsen 2012

Seite 10/16/12 | Bartling Medizinische Physik in der Radiologie

Seite 10/16/12 | Bartling Medizinische Physik in der Radiologie

BUT SCIENCE IS OPEN!

» … when the journal system was developed in the 17th and 18th

centuries it was an excellent example of open science. The journals are perhaps the most open system for the dissemination of knowledge that can be constructed — if you’re working with 17th century technology. But, of course, today we can do a lot better.«

— Michael Nielsen

Curriculum vitae

»Open science is the idea that

scientific knowledge of all kinds

should be openly shared as early

as is practical in the discovery

process.«

— Michael Nielsen

OPEN SCIENCE: ONE TERM FIVE SCHOOLS

OF THOUGHT

INFRASTRUCTURE SCHOOL

PUBLIC SCHOOL

MEASUREMENT SCHOOL

DEMOCRATIC SCHOOL

PRAGMATIC SCHOOL

INSTANCES OF OPEN SCIENCE

Paul Schultze Motel

www.dkfz.de/de/medphys/download/oa_dkfz_130529.pdf

WHAT IF ?

HISTORY AND ATTRIBUTION IS ALWAYS

ASSURED …

DYNAMIC PUBLICATION FOR CLINICAL

STUDIES

Outline registration

Constant adding of new patients

When significane niveau is reached

beginning conclusion

Mulitcentric cooperation

NEUE COPYRIGHTCONCEPTE

Plagiate VS

Reuse

INDIVIDUELLE FORSCHER-ID

Abstract / Talk

Paper

Review

Book

Completeness /

Audience /

Maturity

Timeliness /

Promptness

Letter

Abstract / talk

Paper

Review

Book

Microblog

Status update

Comment/blog

Wiki update

Letter

Timeliness /

Promptness

Completeness /

Audience /

Maturity

Abstracts, papers, ...

Assessment phase Create phase Publication phase

RE

SE

AR

CH

TO

DA

Y

Positiv

e r

esults

Negative r

esults

Lost ideas Lost knowledge

RE

SE

AR

CH

IN

TH

E F

UT

UR

E

Micro blogs, wiki updates, online discussions, abstracts, blog posts, papers …

Micro blogs, wiki updates, online discussions, abstracts, blog posts, papers …

Abstracts, papers, ...

Assessment phase Create phase Publication phase

RE

SE

AR

CH

TO

DA

Y

Positiv

e r

esults

Negative r

esults

Lost ideas Lost knowledge

Positiv

e r

esults

Negative r

esults

WHAT DRIVES ACADEMIC DATA SHARING?

CROWD SCIENCE

PR

OJE

CT

PA

RT

ICIP

AT

ION

open

clo

sed

closed open

DISCLOSURE OF INTERMEDITAE INPUTS

Crowd Science

Traditional Science with disclosure

of data and logs

(e.g., as required by funding agencies,

journals)

Traditional »mertonian« science

Innovation contests

crowdsourcing

(e.g., Innocentive, Mechanical Turk)

Franzoni, C., Sauermann, S. (2014). Crowd

science: The organization of scientific research

in open collaborative projects. Research Policy

43,1: 1–20.

TY

PIC

AL

SK

ILL

RE

QU

IRE

ME

NT

NATURE OF THE TASK OUTSOURCED

Independent subtask

well-structured

Interdependent subtask

ill-structured

Common

human skill

Specialized

human skill

Domain-specific

(expert) skill

eBird

Collective

problem-solving

Distributed

data-problems

Distributed

coding

Distributed

sub-problems

connect2decodePolymath

folditopen dinosaur

whale songs

Franzoni, C., Sauermann, S. (2014). Crowd

science: The organization of scientific research

in open collaborative projects. Research Policy

43,1: 1–20.

SO WHAT SEEMS TO BE THE PROBLEM?

THAT BE ALL FOR TODAY