View
3
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Differential photometric study of the European light emission to
the space
Alejandro Sánchez de Miguel
ASAAF-UCMDep. Astrofísica y CC. Atmósfera UCM
Grupo para la Protección del Cielo
European light emission
• Data acquisition and treatment • Data analyses • Countries comparison • Conclusions and future work
Objectives
• Search of the parameters that define the illumination quality based on satellite images.
• Study sources of light pollution and its evolution
• Spain case analysis
PrecedentsDr. Christopher Elvidge325 Broadway E/GC2Boulder, Colorado 80305
Precedents
Population density Intensity
Dr. Christopher Elvidge325 Broadway E/GC2Boulder, Colorado 80305
P.Cinzano et al 2000
PrecedentsWaste vs Saturated Km^2
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
MeV
Satu
rate
d Km
^2
Spain
Germany
Italy
France
UK
Data acquisition
Data analyses
Comparison amongCountries
• Estimate demographic effects
• Use of intensive parameters
• Employment of parameters as: built area, population, power use and illumination.
Km^2 sat vs Km^2 built
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Spain Portugal France Belgium Netherlan Ireland UK Germany Austria Rep . Czech Italy
km̂2s
at /K
m̂2
built
Population Density in built surface vs Saturated area
y = 776.08x + 1479.7R2 = 0.6376
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Sat area [km^2 sat/km^2 const]
Popu
latio
n De
nsity
in b
uilt
surfa
ce v
s Sa
tura
ted
area
[ha/
km^2
bu
ilt]
España
Luxemburgo
ItaliaAlemania
Belgica
Rep.Checa
Portugal
Irlanda
Holanda
Francia
Austria
Reino Unido
Population density in built surface
Km2 Saturated area
Test of the resultsby other methods
Watts by Luminaries
020406080
100120140160180200
España Portugal Francia Belgica Holanda Irlanda Reinounido
Alemania Italia
Vat/L
umin
aria
Light points by km^2 built
0100200300400500600700800900
Españ
aPort
ugal
Francia
Belgica
Holand
aIrla
nda
Reino u
nido
Aleman
iaAus
triaChe
quia
Italia
Luxe
nburg
oGrec
iaDina
marca
Hungri
aPolo
niaLe
tonia
Watts by square meter
0.0000.0100.0200.0300.0400.0500.0600.0700.0800.0900.100
España
Portug
al
Francia
Belgica
Irland
aReino
unido
Aleman
ia
Italia
Holanda
Vat/m
^2
22.5312.1310.2110.599.7623.9920.5311.3118.27Vatios Por persona
0.0910.0340.0230.0320.0360.0400.0460.0510.091Wat/m^2
0.9150.3410.2260.3200.3560.3980.4630.5100.911IEE*
1451107610861124145111157Vatios por luminaria
7.411.67.59.79.510.98.89.918.965.86.9CO2 (1)
3.161.051.270.981.352.471.220.930.371.803.606.64Km^ssat/km^2 urb
15%6%5%8%15%5%16%19%27%9%9%11%
Área Saturada Porcentage
0.00080.00050.00050.00030.00060.00080.00030.00060.00150.00080.00080.0013Área sat/persona
0.0050.0170.0040.0030.0050.0080.0020.0030.0120.0060.0080.011km^2/farola
6296328431128629955232132318468580Farola/km^2
0.150.030.120.110.130.100.150.190.130.140.100.12Farolas por habitante
9000000
300000
1000000912000078510004010002500000200500061000857000011000004700000nº de farolas
5%6%4%8%11%2%13%21%75%5%3%2%Área total construida
ItaliaChequiaAustriaAlemania
Reino unidoIrlandaHolandaBelgica
LuxenburgoFranciaPortugalEspaña
Spain analyses
Consumo en Alumbrado público
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
2004 2002 2000 1998 1996 1994 1992 1990 1988 1986 1984 1982 1980 1978 1976 1974 1972 1970 1968
Mill
ares
Años
Mw
h
Consumo Alumbrado eléctrico
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984
Mill
ares
Años
Mw
h
BARCELONAMADRIDMURCIASEVILLA
Cuantas totales Madrid y Alrededores
y = 430161x - 8E+08R2 = 0.5449
1.00E+07
1.10E+07
1.20E+07
1.30E+07
1.40E+07
1.50E+07
1.60E+07
1.70E+07
1.80E+07
1.90E+07
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
Año
Cue
ntas
Resumen situación de España• Crecimiento suelo artificial 27.9 % en 10 años.
• Crecimiento de la potencia instalada 39 % en 10 años.
• Crecimiento del la señal 34 % en 10 años.
• Según los últimos modelos de C.L. la difusión secundaria es muy importante. Implica que el efecto de las fuentes indirectas es mucho más importante.
• (M. AUBÉ 2007)
Conclusions and future work
Conclusions• With the present data Spanish illumiation
can not be explained by demographic causes.
• There is important evidence of excessive waste in Italy.
• The population density in built land as intensive data is the best global parameter in order to represent the saturation of a country.
• An appropriate ilumination can be shown in satellite images.
Future work• It is needed further data of all the
countries considered in the study. ¡¡¡¡¡HELP US!!!!!
• Extend this study to all European countries, EEUU and Japan.
• Search of an illumination model useful to countries in development.
• Discussion of hypothesis about the type of light polluting sources.
Differential photometric study of the European light emission to
the space
Alejandro Sánchez de Miguel
ASAAF-UCMDep. Astrofísica y CC. Atmósfera UCM
Grupo para la Protección del Cielo
Recommended